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Coal and Ash HandlingFlow Path

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What is Coal?

Coal is a fossil fuel formed from the remains ofplants that lived and died hundreds of millions

of years ago, when parts of the Earth werecovered with huge swampy forests. Coal is anonrenewa!le source. Coal is composedprimarily of car!on along with varia!le"uantities of other elements chie#y hydrogen,sulfur, o$ygen and nitrogen.

%ntroduction

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Historically, the &ree's, (omans and Chinese were earlyusers of coal. Chinese may have used coal as early as )**+C. he introduction of the steam engine in the )-**sdepended on coal for industriali/ation. Coal was aprinciple fuel for locomotives .

Coal has played a ma0or role in electrical production sincethe 1rst power plant that was !uilt in the )22*s.

%n the )34*s, the pulveri/ed coal 1ring was developed.

%n the )35*s the cyclone furnace was developed.

Presently, coal power is still !ased on the same methodsstated over )** years ago !ut improvements in all areashave !rought coal power to !e the ine$pensive powersource used today.

History of Coal 6se and  CoalFired Power Plants

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Coal Flow Path

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Coal ash, also referred to as coal com!ustionresiduals is produced primarily from !urning ofcoal in a coal1red power plants. Coal ashincludes a num!er of !yproducts producedfrom !urning coal, including8Fly Ash 9 a very 1ne, powdery material

composed mostly of silica made from the!urning of 1nely ground coal in a !oiler.

+ottom Ash 9 a coarse ash particle that is toolarge to !e carried up into smo'e stac's so itforms in the !ottom of the coal furnace.

Ash

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Ash Flow Path

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:iesel ;il is used to provide safe andcontrolled heating of material in the !edduring startup.

Fuel ;il Flow Path

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