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Andre Landwehr & Kim Tatum - HafenCity University Hamburg - CRB 2nd Annual Meeting - 30th October, 2019
This project has received
funding from the
European Union’s
Horizon 2020 research
and innovation
programme under grant
agreement No 723194
Co-creation of bicycle parking infrastructure:Experiences and results from the Altona Mobility Lab
Kimberly Tatum and Andre Landwehr, HafenCity University HamburgCycling Research Board 2nd Annual Meeting, 30th October, 2019
Andre Landwehr & Kim Tatum - HafenCity University Hamburg - CRB 2nd Annual Meeting - 30th October, 2019
➔The Case: Altona Mobility Lab➔Methodology➔Evaluation of Bike Parking Pilot➔Discussion and Conclusions
2
Andre Landwehr & Kim Tatum - HafenCity University Hamburg - CRB 2nd Annual Meeting - 30th October, 2019 3
● Horizon 2020-funded project
● 2017-2020
● 5 focus areas tackle local
mobility challenges with
Living Labs
● 3 pilot projects per focus area
launched this year
Andre Landwehr & Kim Tatum - HafenCity University Hamburg - CRB 2nd Annual Meeting - 30th October, 2019
Urban Living Labs
“...a design research methodology aimed at co-creating innovation through the
involvement of aware users in a real-life setting…” - (Dell’Era & Landoni 2014)
● Adopted in various urban planning and transportation contexts
● Support stakeholder interaction and exchange
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Andre Landwehr & Kim Tatum - HafenCity University Hamburg - CRB 2nd Annual Meeting - 30th October, 2019
Altona Mobility Lab
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● Prototyping workshop
to design pilot concept
implementation
● Online siting survey
● Installation: July 2019
● Survey on local
mobility satisfaction
and habits
● Expert Interviews
● Challenge Workshop
Concept Co-Design and Implementation
Winter 2018 - Summer 2019
Challenge IdentificationFall 2017 - Winter 2018
● 8 Lab Workshops to
develop and prioritize
ideas
● Online discussion of
ideas
Ideation and Co-CreationSpring 2018 - Fall 2018
Andre Landwehr & Kim Tatum - HafenCity University Hamburg - CRB 2nd Annual Meeting - 30th October, 2019
Altona Mobility Lab
Mobility Community’s Challenges:
● Conflicts in use of public space
● Low quality or lacking bike
infrastructure
● Poor accessibility for mobility
impaired
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Framework Limitations:
● Low/no implementation budget
● Short and hard deadlines
● Therefore, consistent
transparency about realistic
options for implementation
Andre Landwehr & Kim Tatum - HafenCity University Hamburg - CRB 2nd Annual Meeting - 30th October, 2019
Installation Locations: 65 racks at 7 sites
Where have the racks been installed?
7
Andre Landwehr & Kim Tatum - HafenCity University Hamburg - CRB 2nd Annual Meeting - 30th October, 2019
Does the bike racks project meet the community’s expectations and goals?
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Andre Landwehr & Kim Tatum - HafenCity University Hamburg - CRB 2nd Annual Meeting - 30th October, 2019
Methodology: Technical Setup
○ 2 at implementation sites for bike racks
○ 2 at similar control sites
○ Camera setup after the installation of the bike-racks
○ Preliminary analysis on observations at the
implementation sites
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● 4 cameras were installed during 3 weeks in August and September 2019
Andre Landwehr & Kim Tatum - HafenCity University Hamburg - CRB 2nd Annual Meeting - 30th October, 2019
Methodology: Evaluation Metrics
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Mobility Challenges Evaluation Metric Community Feedback
Public space use
conflict
➔ Bike parking in the
place of car parking
+ Pleased with reduction in illegally parked cars
+ Pleased with increased parking options near shopping areas
Poor or lacking
cycling infrastructure
➔ High quality bike
parking offer
- Cars parking too close to bike racks discourage use
- Racks adjacent to high speed road feel unsafe at times
Poor accessibility for
mobility impaired
➔ Reduction in bikes
blocking sidewalks
+ Noticed reduction in bikes parked on nearby railings or against walls
Andre Landwehr & Kim Tatum - HafenCity University Hamburg - CRB 2nd Annual Meeting - 30th October, 2019
Methodology: Technical Setup
Waterproof Camera
hardware based on
Raspberry Pi
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Automated picture
anonymization using open
source face detection
Image classification and
annotation
Exporting of classified
objects
Andre Landwehr & Kim Tatum - HafenCity University Hamburg - CRB 2nd Annual Meeting - 30th October, 2019
Site - Are racks on car parking spaces?
● 7 Implementation Sites
○ 1 replaced a legal
parking space
○ 2 in places used illegally
to park cars
○ 3 on sidewalk or
pedestrian areas (no car
access)
○ 1 partially in car space
and partially on sidewalk
(½ car space removed)
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Andre Landwehr & Kim Tatum - HafenCity University Hamburg - CRB 2nd Annual Meeting - 30th October, 2019
Site - Are racks on car parking spaces?
379 sites suggested in the
community siting survey by 209
respondents
● Both at prototyping and in
survey alternative criteria
such as high demand
location more important than
car parking site
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Type of space % of sites suggested
Car parking space or other space citing parked cars 25.3%
Greenspace 6.3%
Other 36.1%
No Response 32.2%
Andre Landwehr & Kim Tatum - HafenCity University Hamburg - CRB 2nd Annual Meeting - 30th October, 2019
Quality - Do people avoid parking close to cars?
● Recognition of parking instances and their exact location○ Grounded in community feedback
○ Analyzing pictures one by one
○ Verifying parking actions over a time-frame of 10mins
○ Bicycles might be blocked from camera view through vehicles
○ Once verified, export of parking location (car adjacent / not car adjacent)
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Andre Landwehr & Kim Tatum - HafenCity University Hamburg - CRB 2nd Annual Meeting - 30th October, 2019
Quality - Do people avoid parking close to cars?
● Users at location 1 prefer to park on the wall side
of the racks○ Expectation if equal = 50% car side and 50% wall side
○ Actual use:
■ 29% car side
■ 71% wall side
● Users at location 2 have a slight preference
towards parking at the exterior bike racks○ Expectation if equal = 33.3% car (exterior) sides and 66% interior spots
○ Actual use:
■ 39.9% exterior
■ 60.1% interior
■ If all racks are empty, users more likely to park at one of the
exterior spots than at an interior spot
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Andre Landwehr & Kim Tatum - HafenCity University Hamburg - CRB 2nd Annual Meeting - 30th October, 2019
Accessibility
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● Recognition of improperly parked bikes○ Detecting center of bounding box of classified bike
○ Export bikes parked directly on the wall
○ Location specific observations
● Results○ Only 4 incidents of improperly parked bikes at location 1
■ (397 proper parking incidents)
○ Only 1 incident of improperly parked bike at location 2
■ (286 proper parking incidents)
○ Community confirming strong positive effect on accessibility
Andre Landwehr & Kim Tatum - HafenCity University Hamburg - CRB 2nd Annual Meeting - 30th October, 2019
Conclusions
● The ULL method led to valuable results for the community ○ Active co-creation of bicycle infrastructure investments
○ Successful mitigation of core challenges to the community
● The ULL method led to valuable results for the planners○ Community identified relevant challenges and mitigation strategies
○ Community identified relevant potential installation locations for bike racks
○ Community feedback on quality is valuable to future installations
○ Efficient use of investment resources
● Camera based evaluation is more work-intense than expected○ Technical setup needs to be location specific (filming angles, lights, ..)
○ Limitations on potential camera installation locations (power, WIFI, community commitment)
○ Data processing is labour intensive
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Andre Landwehr & Kim Tatum - HafenCity University Hamburg - CRB 2nd Annual Meeting - 30th October, 2019
This project has received
funding from the
European Union’s
Horizon 2020 research
and innovation
programme under grant
agreement No 723194
Thank you!
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Andre Landwehr: [email protected]
Kimberly Tatum: [email protected]
Andre Landwehr & Kim Tatum - HafenCity University Hamburg - CRB 2nd Annual Meeting - 30th October, 2019
Bibliography
Ballon, P. and Schuurman, D., Living labs: concepts, tools and cases, info, 17 (4), 2015.
Dell’Era C. and Landoni P., Living Lab: A Methodology between User - Centred Design and Participatory Design, Creativity and Innovation Management, 23 (2), 137-154, 2014.
Franz, Y., Tausz, K., and Thiel, S., Contextuality and Co-Creation Matter: A Qualitative Case Study Comparison of Living Lab Concepts in Urban Research, Technology Innovation
Management Review, 5 (12), 48–55, 2015.
Ross Girshick, Ilija Radosavovic, Georgia Gkioxari, Piotr Dollár, and Kaiming He. 2018. Detectron. https://github.com/facebookresearch/detectron.
Scholl, C., de Kraker, J., Hoeflehner, T., Wlasak, P., Drage, T., and Eriksen, M., Transitioning Urban Experiments. Reflections on Doing Action Research with Urban Labs, GAIA, 27 (1),
78 – 84, 2018.
Steen, K. and Van Bueren, E., The Defining Characteristics of Urban Living Labs, Technology Innovation Management Review, 7 (7), 2017.
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Andre Landwehr & Kim Tatum - HafenCity University Hamburg - CRB 2nd Annual Meeting - 30th October, 2019
Limitations
- Lightning conditions change
during the day
- Shadows might be classified
as false positives
- Objects block the view
- Tweaks needed for reliable
recognition
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