COCO22 Flue Gas Flue Gas Scrubber TechnologyScrubber Technology

Michael NgMichael Ng

University of TexasUniversity of Texas

Department of Chemical Department of Chemical EngineeringEngineering

BackgroundBackground

►Flue gas is exhaust gas that exits to Flue gas is exhaust gas that exits to the atmosphere, which come from the atmosphere, which come from boilers, furnaces, or steam generatorsboilers, furnaces, or steam generators

►COCO22 is a greenhouse gas that is a greenhouse gas that contributes to global warmingcontributes to global warming

►There are around 6,000 coal-fired There are around 6,000 coal-fired power plants around the world (Imai)power plants around the world (Imai)

►55% of global electricity comes from 55% of global electricity comes from coal as being the fuel source (Imai)coal as being the fuel source (Imai)

Coal-fired Power PlantCoal-fired Power Plant

From http://www.biblelife.org/energy-coal-fired-plant.jpg

Post Combustion TechnologyPost Combustion Technology

There are different ways to capture COThere are different ways to capture CO22 with the use of amine solvents:with the use of amine solvents:

►Monoethanolamine (MEA) Monoethanolamine (MEA) ►Mixture of MEA and Mixture of MEA and

methydiethanolamine (MDEA)methydiethanolamine (MDEA)►Piperazine/ Potassium CarbonatePiperazine/ Potassium Carbonate

MEA Absorber/Stripper MEA Absorber/Stripper ConfigurationConfiguration

From http://www.netl.doe.gov/ publications/ proceedings/ 01/ carbon_seq/ 7c1.pdf

Piperazine/ Potassium Piperazine/ Potassium CarbonateCarbonate

►Current research done by Dr. Rochelle and Current research done by Dr. Rochelle and graduate studentsgraduate students

►Study the thermal properties and Study the thermal properties and kinematics of COkinematics of CO22 absorption using PZ/ absorption using PZ/ KK22COCO33

►Degradation rate of solvent vs. MEADegradation rate of solvent vs. MEA PZ/ KPZ/ K22COCO33 degrades at 1.3 mm/hr degrades at 1.3 mm/hr MEA degrades at 5 mm/hrMEA degrades at 5 mm/hr

►CorrosionCorrosion

Integrated Gasification Integrated Gasification Combined CycleCombined Cycle

Economics (COEconomics (CO22 Capture) Capture)

Economics (Costs)Economics (Costs)

Six Rules to maximize the Six Rules to maximize the effectiveness of PCeffectiveness of PC

(adapted from Gibbins, Crane, et. Al)(adapted from Gibbins, Crane, et. Al)

► 1. Add heat to the steam cycle at as high a 1. Add heat to the steam cycle at as high a temperature as possibletemperature as possible

► 2. Reject heat from the steam cycle, in the steam 2. Reject heat from the steam cycle, in the steam extracted for solvent regeneration, at as low a extracted for solvent regeneration, at as low a temperature as possible.temperature as possible.

► 3. Produce as much electricity as possible from any 3. Produce as much electricity as possible from any additional fuel used, consistent with rejecting heat additional fuel used, consistent with rejecting heat at the required temperature for solvent at the required temperature for solvent regeneration.regeneration.

► 4. Make use of waste heat from CO2 capture and 4. Make use of waste heat from CO2 capture and compression in the steam cycle.compression in the steam cycle.

► 5. Use the latest solvent developments.5. Use the latest solvent developments.► 6. Exploit the inherent flexibility of post-combustion 6. Exploit the inherent flexibility of post-combustion

capture.capture.

Skyonic SkyMine ProcessSkyonic SkyMine Process

RecommendationsRecommendations

►Pursue post combustion technologyPursue post combustion technology Use solvents that do not degrade as fast Use solvents that do not degrade as fast

as MEA (i.e. PZ/ Kas MEA (i.e. PZ/ K22COCO33))

► IGCC has a high capital investment, IGCC has a high capital investment, but allows for high CObut allows for high CO22 recovery recovery

Questions?Questions?