Sponges and Cnidarian Sponges and Cnidarian organismsorganisms

Pavel YordanovPavel YordanovTeodor PeevTeodor Peev

Alex SimeonovAlex Simeonov10/310/3

SpongesSponges

Sponges StructureSponges Structure [3][3]

Simplest invertebrate multi-cellular animalsSimplest invertebrate multi-cellular animals Their scientific name is “Porifera” meaning Their scientific name is “Porifera” meaning

“pore bearing”“pore bearing” Sponges not necessarily have symmetrySponges not necessarily have symmetry Stuck to the ground with roots called Stuck to the ground with roots called

holdfastsholdfasts They have a osculum- a large opening They have a osculum- a large opening

through which water flows out of the through which water flows out of the sponge; But why does it do it?sponge; But why does it do it?

How do sponges eat?How do sponges eat? [4][4]

They have pores on their sides called They have pores on their sides called ostias which lead water inside of the ostias which lead water inside of the sponge in canalssponge in canals

Sponges contain collar cells which break Sponges contain collar cells which break down water into oxygen and nutrients. down water into oxygen and nutrients. Waste products are spit out of the osculumWaste products are spit out of the osculum

Sponge ReproductionSponge Reproduction [3][3]

Sponges are hermaphroditesSponges are hermaphrodites During the reproduction they can be During the reproduction they can be

classified as either male or femaleclassified as either male or female Male sponge releases sperm which enters Male sponge releases sperm which enters

the female spongethe female sponge After this process a larvae is produced After this process a larvae is produced

from the female sponge from the female sponge A few days later the larvae settles down A few days later the larvae settles down

and starts to growand starts to grow

Jellyfish

Jellyfish StructureJellyfish Structure [1][1]

Radial symmetry.Radial symmetry. They have no brain, but a simple nervous They have no brain, but a simple nervous

system.system. They are 98% water.They are 98% water. A jellyfish has a bell (hood), a mouth, oral A jellyfish has a bell (hood), a mouth, oral

arms, tentacles, a stomach and gonads.arms, tentacles, a stomach and gonads. The gonads are the reproductive organsThe gonads are the reproductive organs

Jellyfish ReproductionJellyfish Reproduction [1][1]

Jellyfish can have sex, the male releases Jellyfish can have sex, the male releases sperm and the female swallows itsperm and the female swallows it

The female spawns a larvae that roots The female spawns a larvae that roots itself to the bottom - polypitself to the bottom - polyp

After some development, several baby After some development, several baby jellyfish come out of the polypjellyfish come out of the polyp

Jellyfish can also reproduce asexually, by Jellyfish can also reproduce asexually, by budding out polyps on its bodybudding out polyps on its body

The Moon JellyfishThe Moon Jellyfish [2][2]

Scientific name – Aurelia auritaScientific name – Aurelia aurita 5-40 cm in size5-40 cm in size Can be found in the pacific and indian Can be found in the pacific and indian

oceans or inland seasoceans or inland seas They feed on planktonThey feed on plankton Moon Jellyfish reproduce normallyMoon Jellyfish reproduce normally Their sting isn’t dangerous to humansTheir sting isn’t dangerous to humans

Hydra

What is a Hydra?What is a Hydra? [5][5]

A hydra is a small animal that are 1,5 A hydra is a small animal that are 1,5 cm longcm long

They live in fresh waterThey live in fresh water They have radial symmetryThey have radial symmetry They look like a sack with tentacles They look like a sack with tentacles

in front.in front. On these tentacles they have On these tentacles they have

stinging cells, with which they stun stinging cells, with which they stun their preytheir prey

Hydra ReproductionHydra Reproduction [5][6][5][6]

Both sexual and asexual reproductionBoth sexual and asexual reproduction When there is asexual reproduction it is When there is asexual reproduction it is

like a plant. Simply said, small hydras like a plant. Simply said, small hydras grow on big ones and detach themselves grow on big ones and detach themselves after growing.after growing.

When there is sexual reproduction, the When there is sexual reproduction, the hydra is a hermaphrodite and lays an egghydra is a hermaphrodite and lays an egg

FUN FACTSFUN FACTS

The box jellyfish has killed more people than any The box jellyfish has killed more people than any other marine animal!other marine animal!

Jellyfish video - Jellyfish video - httphttp://://wwwwww..youtubeyoutube..comcom//watchwatch?v=GTXinF8ZVCo?v=GTXinF8ZVCo

These jellyfish came to lake Palau because it was These jellyfish came to lake Palau because it was connected to the sea with a tunnel. The tunnel was connected to the sea with a tunnel. The tunnel was destroyed and the jellyfish were trapped. They destroyed and the jellyfish were trapped. They evolved and no longer needed their poison, since evolved and no longer needed their poison, since there are no predators for them there. There was no there are no predators for them there. There was no food for them in the lake, so they photosynthesized.food for them in the lake, so they photosynthesized.

Works CitedWorks Cited

[1] [1] "Moon Jellyfish". Pattern Media. March 29, 2010 "Moon Jellyfish". Pattern Media. March 29, 2010 <http://www.jellyfishfacts.net/moon-jellyfish.html>.<http://www.jellyfishfacts.net/moon-jellyfish.html>.

[2] [2] "Jelly Fish". SCDNR. March 29, 2010 "Jelly Fish". SCDNR. March 29, 2010 <http://www.dnr.sc.gov/marine/pub/seascience/jellyfi.html>.<http://www.dnr.sc.gov/marine/pub/seascience/jellyfi.html>.

[3] [3] "Sponges". Missouri Botanical Garden. March 21,"Sponges". Missouri Botanical Garden. March 21, 2010 2010 <http://www.mbgnet.net/salt/coral/animals/sponges.htm>.<http://www.mbgnet.net/salt/coral/animals/sponges.htm>.

[4] [4] "The Wonders of the Seas: Sponges". Oceanic Research Group. March "The Wonders of the Seas: Sponges". Oceanic Research Group. March 21,21, 2010 2010 <http://www.oceanicresearch.org/education/wonders/sponges.html>.<http://www.oceanicresearch.org/education/wonders/sponges.html>.

[5] [5] Smith, S.. "What is a Hydra?". wiseGEEK. March 29, 2010 Smith, S.. "What is a Hydra?". wiseGEEK. March 29, 2010 <http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-hydra.htm>.<http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-hydra.htm>.

[6][6] "Hydra". Natural Aquariums. March 29, 2010 "Hydra". Natural Aquariums. March 29, 2010 <http://naturalaquariums.com/inverts/hydra.html>.<http://naturalaquariums.com/inverts/hydra.html>.