CMS Hadron Calorimeter

Andris Skuja: US CMS Annual Meeting, Riverside, California, May19, 2001: HCAL Subsystem 1

CMS Hadron CalorimeterCMS Hadron CalorimeterCMS Hadron CalorimeterCMS Hadron Calorimeter

Andris SkujaLv.2 HCAL Project Manager’s Overview

US CMS Annual Meeting

Riverside, California

May 19, 2001


System OverviewSystem OverviewSystem OverviewSystem Overview

HCAL: US does all of HB and optical cables, transducers, front end and readout electronics for HO, HE and HF.

HO

HB

HFHE


US HCAL ResponsibilitiesUS HCAL ResponsibilitiesUS HCAL ResponsibilitiesUS HCAL Responsibilities

The US construction responsibilities for all HCAL subdetectors are well defined:

• HB: absorber, megatile production (optics), optical cables & connectors, readout boxes, photodetectors (HPD’s), front end electronics, trigger/DAQ electronics, power supplies, controls: US CMS

• HE brass (75%) & scintillator acquisition (only): US CMS

• HE optical cables (materials) & connectors, readout boxes, photodetectors (HPD’s), front end electronics, trigger/DAQ electronics, power supplies, controls: US CMS

• HO readout boxes, photodetectors, front end electronics, trigger/DAQ electronics, power supplies, controls: US CMS

• HF and HF shielding mechanical design: US CMS

• HF quartz fiber (Plastic cladding): US CMS

• HF readout boxes, photomultipliers, front end electronics, trigger/DAQ electronics, power supplies, controls: US CMS


Non-US ResponsibilitiesNon-US ResponsibilitiesNon-US ResponsibilitiesNon-US Responsibilities

Responsibilities of CMS collaborators• HE: absorber manufacture, megatile production (optics) :

R/DMS

• HO installation brackets & tooling, megatiles (including scintillator), optical cables & connectors: India

• HF absorber manufacture and installation tooling: Russia

• HF shielding, support structure: CERN, Russia, Turkey, Iran

• HF quartz fiber installation: Hungary

• HB/HE/HF: HV Supply Engineering: Bulgaria


Absorber & ToolingAbsorber & ToolingAbsorber & ToolingAbsorber & Tooling

The HB Absorber Team is headed by Jim Freeman

Two HB prototype wedges (PPP1 and PPP2) have been manufactured and delivered to CERN.

All HB- wedges are complete and their assembly tested. Twelve HB+ wedges are finished and six more are in the final machining phase. All 18 HB+ wedges await final test assembly at Felguera in June/July 2001.

All HB Installation Tooling is close to being finished at Felguera of Spain.

The chief mechanical engineer for the design and fabrication of the absorber and installation tooling is Igor Churin (FNAL). He is aided by 3 Guest Engineers (Yuri Orlov, Valeri Polubotko and Vladimir Siderov).

Igor Churin will oversee the HB- and HB+ assembly at CERN (2 months in 2001 and 2 months in 2002).


Barrel HCALBarrel HCALBarrel HCALBarrel HCAL


HB- AbsorberHB- AbsorberHB- AbsorberHB- Absorber

HB- absorber is complete. It

passed all QC tests and has been

disassembled and shipped to CERN.


HB- at CERNHB- at CERNHB- at CERNHB- at CERN

HB- wedges and scintillator crates in Bldg 186 at CERN. Scintillators will be installed into wedges in June.


Interior of cryostatInterior of cryostatInterior of cryostatInterior of cryostat

Interior of vacuum vessel for superconducting

magnet.

The HBs rest on the rail.

Rail support


HB+HB+HB+HB+

12 of 18 HB+ Wedges are complete Cradle and tooling ready

HB+ will be complete by end of July, ahead of schedule


HCAL ToolingHCAL ToolingHCAL ToolingHCAL Tooling

Tie rods

Cable block stabilizer

Support Beam

Spider

•Completed: Cradles, spiders, lifting fixture, support beams

•Left to do: Tie rods, stabilizer

Cradle

Riser


The Optical SystemThe Optical SystemThe Optical SystemThe Optical System

The HB megatiles are being fabricated at FNAL in Labs 5 & 8

Pawel de Barbaro (Rochester) has overall production responsibility for the optical system Readout Fiber (Pigtail) Assembly in Lab 5 is supervised by Howard Budd (Rochester).

The lead technical personnel are Jim Blomquist, Todd Nebel and Ewa Skup. The 14 full time production personnel include Russian (2) and Chinese (2) visitors allowing for quality control transfer to our colleagues abroad.

PPP1 & PPP2 megatiles have been delivered to CERN. More than 80% of the megatiles for HB- and HB+ are finished and many have been shipped to CERN as well. We are on schedule for megatile production being finished in September of 2001.

Optical cable is being manufactured by UIC (Mark Adams). This task will be finished in June of ‘01.


Megatile design, top viewMegatile design, top viewMegatile design, top viewMegatile design, top view

Components are the machined scintillator plates, cover plates, fiber assembly (WLS spliced to clear fiber, optical

connector) pigtails


Megatile cross-sectional Megatile cross-sectional viewview

Megatile cross-sectional Megatile cross-sectional viewview


HCAL Optics Factory HCAL Optics Factory Status: May, 2001Status: May, 2001

HCAL Optics Factory HCAL Optics Factory Status: May, 2001Status: May, 2001

CMS HCAL Production

01836547290

108126144162180198216234252270288306324342360378396414432450468486504522540558576594612630

2/21/99 5/21/99 8/21/99 11/21/99 2/21/00 5/21/00 8/21/00 11/21/00 2/21/01 5/21/01 8/21/01

week of

Me

ga

til

es

Scintillator "Goal"

Final Assy. "Goal"

Covers "Goal"

Scintillator Machined

Covers Machined

Completed Megatiles

18 megatiles per layer 17 layers per wedge18 wedges per HB2 HB's

50% 306 tiles

60% 367 tiles

70% 428 tiles

80% 490 tiles

90% 551 tiles

100% 612 tiles

P r epar ed by: T odd Nebel week ending 4/28/01

( HB+ / HB-)Scint=507 82% (100% / 64%)Cover=540 87% (100% / 75%)Tile=478 77% (100% / 54%)


Readout Boxes (RBX’s)Readout Boxes (RBX’s)Readout Boxes (RBX’s)Readout Boxes (RBX’s)

US CMS is responsible for the Readout Boxes (RBX’s) for all HCAL subsystems (HB,HO,HE,HF) .

The light signals from the scintillator tile layers are summed optically in the Boxes to form Calorimeter towers.

A new design now exists for HB and HE RBX’s that is modular and can co-exist with the services surrounding HE and HB. The box shell contains a backplane and a cooling circuit. HPD RM’s (Readout Modules) containing a 19-channel or a 73-channel HPD and its corresponding ODU (Optical Decoder Unit) are plugged into the box. It also contains a Calibration Unit and a Clock & Control Module (CCM) as well as HV/LV plug-ins.

Randy Ruchti of Notre Dame is leading the design and fabrication team of this complex item. At Notre Dame he is assisted by Barry Baumbaugh (EE) and Jeffrey Marchant. Jim Reidy is leading the Mississippi effort to fabricate HE Box shells. Mark Adams and the UIC group are fabricating optical “pigtails” for the ODU’s.


HB RBX Detail ViewHB RBX Detail ViewHB RBX Detail ViewHB RBX Detail View

12.323 [313.00]

37.992 [965.00]

LOW VOLTAGE

AND PIPING AREA

4.173 [106.00]

CALIBRATIONMODULE

CCMMODULE

TOP VIEW

FRONT VIEW HB RBX COMPOSITE ASSEMBLY DRAWING

R. FOLTZ, FERMI LABJ. MARCHANT, UNIV. OF NOTRE DAMEAS OF 23 FEBRUARY 2001

COOLING WATERIN & OUT

19-CHANNELRM-1

19-CHANNELRM-2

73-CHANNELRM

19-CHANNELRM-3

19-CHANNELRM-4

CHUNC


HB RBXHB RBXHB RBXHB RBX

Full RBX with 19 ch RMs

RBX Interior -- HV distributor and backplane


RBX Readout ModuleRBX Readout ModuleRBX Readout ModuleRBX Readout Module

• The readout module (RM) integrates the HPD, front end electronics, and digital optical drivers.

Electronics cards

HPD MountHV

Interface Card

Optical Sorter


Photodetectors Photodetectors Photodetectors Photodetectors The photodetectors for the optical readout of HB, HE and HO are DEP

Hybrid Photodetectors (HPD’s) with either 19 or 73 pixel readout. They reside in the Readout Boxes, aligned with the 4T magnetic field. The H1 signals are directed to the 73 pixel HPD’s, while the H2 signals are routed to the 19 pixel HPD’s. Towers with multiple readouts may be processed by either tube type. We are studying the necessity of an independent H1 readout. Eliminating it could realize savings of about $1 million and add time contingency to the project.

Prisca Cushman of Minnesota is responsible for the HPD procurement , characterization and testing. She is assisted by electronics/optical engineer Arjan Heering.

Sergey Los & Anatoly Ronzhin of Fermilab have measured the HPD response at high frequencies. High Frequency cross-talk was observed in ‘99 as were a number of HV problems. These have been solved, one step taken being the aluminization of the diodes. This step contributed to optical cross talk (real photon back scattering) which had to be reduced by 1/4 wavelength coating. We have discovered no new problems and pre-production prototypes will be ready by Fall ‘01.


The Hybrid Photodiode

Tube Fabrication by DDelft EElectronic PProducts (Netherlands) Subcontracts: Canberra (Belgium) 22% for diodes Schott Glass (USA) 8% for fiber optic windows Kyocera (Japan) 4% for vacuum feedthru/ceramic carrier

19 x 5.5mm 73 x 2.75mm

CMS Design

• 12 kV across 3.5 mm gap with Vth < 3 kV => Gain of 2500

• Silicon PIN diode array, T-type

• Thin (200 m) with 100 V reverse bias for fast charge (holes) collection


photoelectrons

Light

Re-emitted photoelectrons

APD views reflected light

pe backscatter

Light injected thru fiber

Test Confirms Reflected Light


HCAL ElectronicsHCAL ElectronicsHCAL ElectronicsHCAL ElectronicsThe HCAL Electronics is divided into Front End Electronics (residing

in the RBX’s) and the Trigger/DAQ interface electronics (HCAL TRIDAS). The HV/LV support systems as well as the monitoring system complete the electronics system.

John Elias of FNAL is the overall coordinator for this entire hardware subsystem.

The Front End electronics design is supervised by Elias and Terri Shaw (EE) of FNAL. A number of FNAL ASIC designers complete the team.

The TRIDAS project is supervised by Drew Baden of Maryland. The Maryland EE team includes Rob Bard and Tullio Grassi. BU is a major contributor to the TRIDAS project (Jim Rohlf and Eric Hazen (EE)) . Mark Adams of UIC rounds out the design effort. Chris Tully of Princeton is working on the VME readout chain.

The HV system is the responsibility of Fermilab (Anatoly Ronzhin and Sergey Los). The PS’s are being manufactured in Sofia, Bulgaria.

The LV system is the responsibility of FNAL (Claudio Rivetta)

The monitoring task is supervised by John Elias, but consists of many contributors from a number of institutions.


HCAL Electronics OverviewHCAL Electronics OverviewHCAL Electronics OverviewHCAL Electronics Overview


Front End ElectronicsFront End ElectronicsFront End ElectronicsFront End Electronics

The Front End Electronics design and fabrication is an FNAL project. John Elias is the overall manager and coordinator of the electronics project. Theresa (Terri) Shaw (EE at FNAL) is the electronics integration engineer. The FNAL micro-electronics group is leading the front-end electronics ASIC design effort (supervised by Ray Yarema).

The front end electronics design now consists of a modified KTeV QIE chip with an on-board flash ADC on the same ASIC followed by a Channel Control ASIC (CCA). Sergey Los and Alan Baumbaugh (EE’s) act as interface engineers.

The digitized output signals are transmitted over optical links to the CMS Counting Room. Three (or two) ADC channels per link will be transmitted over the CMS rad-hard CERN solution to the counting house.

The ASIC project no longer defines our CRITICAL PATH. We expect to complete these ASICs by August of 2002.


Calibration SystemCalibration SystemCalibration SystemCalibration SystemThe Calibration system consists of:

• Radioactive source system (primary and absolute calibration of all megatiles)

• Laser system (stability monitoring and timing system for all megatiles)

• LED’s (stand alone system)

QA/QC stations have also been manufactured to ensure megatile uniformity (FSU: megatile scanner; Notre Dame: Pigtail scanner)

Vasken Hagopian of Florida State is the overall manager of all calibration systems. He is directly responsible for the laser system (aided by Kurtis Johnson).

Virgil Barnes and Alvin Laasanen are responsible for the implementation of the radioactive source system. They are responsible for a similar system on CDF.

Yasar Onel is responsible for the implementation of the LED system. All calibration systems could be finished by end of ‘01 for

installation at CERN on time and on budget.


HB Calibration Box PPP3HB Calibration Box PPP3HB Calibration Box PPP3HB Calibration Box PPP3


Calibration Box SchematicCalibration Box SchematicCalibration Box SchematicCalibration Box Schematic


HB Calib Box PPP2HB Calib Box PPP2HB Calib Box PPP2HB Calib Box PPP2

CERN Bldg 186 Calibration Box #2 prototype P2


HCAL SOURCE CALIBRATIONHCAL SOURCE CALIBRATIONHCAL SOURCE CALIBRATIONHCAL SOURCE CALIBRATION

Schematic layout of HB Air-Motor Source DriverEnvelope is 410 mm x 700 mm


HCAL SOURCE CALIBRATIONHCAL SOURCE CALIBRATIONHCAL SOURCE CALIBRATIONHCAL SOURCE CALIBRATION

Schematic layout of HE Air-Motor Source Driver in the RBX “notch”. Design drawing by A. Surkov

Indexer

Reel


Trigger/DAQ ElectronicsTrigger/DAQ ElectronicsTrigger/DAQ ElectronicsTrigger/DAQ Electronics

The HCAL Trigger/DAQ electronics serves as an interface between the HCAL raw data and the CMS Level I and Level II trigger electronics or computers. The design is based on modern FPGA’s (leading to future and present flexibility).

Drew Baden of Maryland is the manager for this task. Recently he has been joined by Jim Rohlf (of BU), who is assisting with oversight of these many distributed tasks that constitute this subsystem. The engineering design and electronics manufacture has been divided between Maryland Boston and UIC (HCAL Trigger Card (HTR): Maryland; Data Concentrator Card (DCC): Boston; and the HCAL Readout Controller (HRC): UIC)

The project consists of a Demonstrator phase (2000); a Prototype phase (2001) and a Production phase (2002). The Demonstrator has assumed some of the functionality of the Prototype so that the engineering has overlapped.


CMS TriDAS ArchitectureCMS TriDAS Architecture CMS TriDAS ArchitectureCMS TriDAS Architecture

Data from CMS FE to T/DAQ Readout Crates

Level 1 “primitives”

• Crossing determined

• Summing

• Tx to Level 1 Trigger

• Data is pipelined waiting decision

Level 1 accepts cause

• Tx raw data to concentrators

• Buffered and wait for DAQ readout

System communication via separate path (TTC)

• Clock, resets, errors, L1 accepts…

Event BuilderEvent

Manager

Level 1Trigger

Detector Front End

OnlineControls

Computing Services

ReadoutCrates

Level 2/3 FilterUnits


HCAL Contribution HCAL Contribution to Trigger/DAQto Trigger/DAQ

HCAL Contribution HCAL Contribution to Trigger/DAQto Trigger/DAQ

Includes:

• Receiver cards ( including fiber input receivers and deserializers)

• Cables to Level 1 Trigger system

• Concentrators

• VME crate CPU module

• VME crates and racks

Everything between but not including:

• Fibers from QIE FEs

• DAQ cables

Level 1Trigger

HCAL DataQIE Fibers Level 2

and DAQ

CMSHCAL

Trigger/DAQ Front End Readout Crate - Level 1 Buffer - Level 2 Concentrator - Crate CPU


FE/DAQ ReadoutFE/DAQ ReadoutFE/DAQ ReadoutFE/DAQ Readout

QIE

QIE

QIE

QIE

QIE

QIE

CC

AC

CA

CC

A

TX

TX

TX

Shield Wall

CPU

DCC

HTR

HTR

HTR

HTR

HTR

HTR

LEVEL 1TRIGGER

TTC

DDU/FED

HPD

CONTROL MODULE

FE READOUTMODULE

VR

800 Mbit/s

L1 Accept

1 Gbit/s16 800Mbit/s fiber per

HTR

18 HTRs per HCALReadout Crate


HTR (Maryland):

• 6U Front end emulator and LHC emulator finished

• 6U Demonstrator board finished

• FE TriDAS Links

• R&D on G-Links 800 Mbps finished

• R&D on Gigabit Ethernet 1.6 Gbps now beginning

• Some work to do to pin down parallel optical links (PAROLI)

• Decreases cost from $100 to $50/fiber

• Cost and availability concerns

• Evaluation of FPGA choices still underway

• Functionality:

• Understand of FPGA resource requirements

Overall integration

• FNAL Aug ’01 source calibration tests

• FPGA code very simple – no trigger requirement

• Demonstrate

• Data receiving, pipeline, synchronization, transmission to DCC

• FPGA code development underway shortly

• 1 or 2 EE graduate students

• Baden

HTR/Integration@UMDHTR/Integration@UMD HTR/Integration@UMDHTR/Integration@UMD


DCC@BUDCC@BU DCC@BUDCC@BU

VME Motherboard

• Two prototypes working; 5 more boards being built

Link Receiver Board (LRB)

• 10 second-generation boards working

DCC Logic Board

• PCB Design complete; being fabricated

• FPGA coding underway

Test Stand Hardware Complete

• Pentium/Linux computer, TTC System Working

• Link Transmitters

• S-Link cards available Companion LVDS Serial Link Transmitter

(for testing only)

3-Channel LVDS Serial Link Receiver

(6 used in final DCC)

PC-MIP PCI standard

DCC Logic Board

TTCRx

Xilinx VirtexII XC2V1000

2Mx32 DDRSDRAM

S-Link Source Card (optical fibre to DAQ)


Forward Calorimeter (HF)Forward Calorimeter (HF)Forward Calorimeter (HF)Forward Calorimeter (HF)

The forward calorimeter (HF) is essential for Missing Energy determination as well as for tagging Higgs production

HF is also an optical device, but a Cherenkov light device, sitting in a very high radiation environment. The Cherenkov light is produced and transmitted via quartz fibers to photomulitpliers. The entire electronics and calibration chain for HF is similar/identical to that of HB.

Nural Akchurin of the Texas Tech is the Technical Coordinator of the HF system. HF University groups contribute to the design and manufacture of specific HF subsystems: Larry Sulak, Jim Rohlf & Eric Hazen of Boston University (electronics); Walter Anderson of Iowa State, Yasar Onel of Iowa and Dave Winn of Fairfield (photomultipliers); John Hauptman of Iowa State (HV); Nural Akchurin of TTU (fiber testing and source calibration); Marc Baarmand of FIT (laser calibration); Greg Snow of Nebraska and Richard Wigmans of TTU (luminosity monitoring).


USCMS Responsibility MatrixUSCMS Responsibility MatrixUSCMS Responsibility MatrixUSCMS Responsibility Matrix

Luminosity(Nebraska,TTU)

Photodetectors(Iowa, TTU)

Base + HV Design(ISU, TTU)

Transporter(FNAL - Design)

Front End, Trig/DAQ(FNAL, BU) DCS , Voltage(FNAL)

Absorber(FNAL-Design)

Optics and Fibers(TTU, Iowa - QP)

End Plug (FNAL - Design)

Calibration (Iowa - LED) (FSU - Laser) (TTU + PU - Source)

Readout Boxes (TTU)

Backplane matrix (TTU)


HF Wedge and DetectorHF Wedge and DetectorHF Wedge and DetectorHF Wedge and Detector

HF 20-degree sectors will be assembled into a superstructure with the aid of two L-shaped lifting fixtures. Each sector is optically and electronically independent. The design and assembly concepts are developed at FNAL.


Optics: Fiber Routing and TerminationOptics: Fiber Routing and TerminationOptics: Fiber Routing and TerminationOptics: Fiber Routing and Termination

Preliminary fiber insertion studies have been carried out with the PPP2 wedge in Bat186. The optical assembly procedures and quality control process are being worked out by the US and the Hungarian colleagues from KFKI-Budapest.

Source

Tubes

Ferrules

Fibers

Wedge


Summary and ConclusionsSummary and ConclusionsSummary and ConclusionsSummary and Conclusions

• HCAL is 60% finished

• Remaining US tasks are readout and trigger electronics related

• We have an aggressive schedule to complete by the magnet installation in early 2004, but we believe we can accomplish all our tasks

Documents

CMS Hadron Calorimeter