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CMS at UCSB. Prof. J. Incandela US CMS Tracker Project Leader DOE Visit January 20, 2004. Experimental Focus. Some of the questions LHC Experiments could resolve: What is the origin spontaneous symmetry breaking ? What sets the known energy scales ? - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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CMS at UCSB
Prof. J. Incandela
US CMS Tracker Project Leader
DOE Visit
January 20, 2004
UCSB CMS Group January 20, 2003, J. Incandela 2
Experimental Focus
• Some of the questions LHC Experiments could resolve:What is the origin spontaneous symmetry breaking ?
What sets the known energy scales ?
QCD ~ 0.2 « VEVEWK ~ 246 « MGUT ~ 1016 « MPL ~ 1019 GeVWhat comes next ?
• Supersymmetry ?
• Is this what explains the galactic dark matter ?
• Extra dimensions ?
• Something completely unexpected?
• Big questions nowadays require big machines…
CERN Large Hadron ColliderCERN Large Hadron Collider
CERN Large Hadron ColliderCERN Large Hadron Collider
• 27 km around
• 1100 dipole magnets
• 14 m long
• 8.4 T field
• dual aperture
• Proton on proton: 14 TeV
• 25 ns between beam crossings• Peak Luminosity 1034 cm-2 s-1
• 20 collisions per beam crossing
UCSB CMS Group January 20, 2003, J. Incandela 5
Challenge and Reward
•Higher Energy
•Broadband production
•BUT• Total cross-section is very high!
• What’s interesting is rare
•The ability to find any of these events is a consequence of evolved detector design and technological innovations:
• Multi-level trigger systems and high speed pipe-lined electronics
• Precision, high rate, calorimetry
• Radiation-tolerant Silicon microstrips and Pixel detectors
UCSB CMS Group January 20, 2003, J. Incandela 6
SM Higgs at the LHC
Production and Decay
To a large extent, the quest for the Higgs drives the design of the LHC detectors.
Nevertheless, essentially all other physics of interest require similar capabilities
UCSB CMS Group January 20, 2003, J. Incandela 7
Light SM Higgs
Lepton id, b tagging and ET are crucial
Energy resolution must be exceptional, tracking is crucial
Difficult (or impossible)
UCSB CMS Group January 20, 2003, J. Incandela 8
CMS Experiment at CERN
Most Ambitious Elements:Calorimetry & Tracking
UCSB CMS Group January 20, 2003, J. Incandela 9
CMS Inner Detector
• Inside of the 4 Tesla field of the largest SC Solenoid ever built• Pixels: at least 2 Layers everywhere• Inner Si Strips: 4 Layers• Outer Si Strips: 6 Layers • Forward Silicon strips: 9 large, and 3 small disks per end• EM Calorimeter: PbWO4 crystals w/Si APD’s• Had Calorimeter: Cu+Scintillator Tiles
• Outside: Muon detectors in the return yoke
UCSB CMS Group January 20, 2003, J. Incandela 10
UCSB CMS Group January 20, 2003, J. Incandela 11
Tracking
““Golden Golden Channel”Channel”
Efficient & robust Tracking
Fine granularity to resolve nearby tracksFast response time to resolve bunch crossingsRadiation resistant devices
Reconstruct high PT tracks and jets
~1-2% PT resolution at ~ 100GeV (’s)
Tag b jets
Asymptotic impact parameter d ~ 20m
UCSB CMS Group January 20, 2003, J. Incandela 12
CMS Tracker
5.4 m
End Caps (TEC 1&2)
2,4
m
Inner Barrel & Disks
(TIB & TID)
PixelsOuter Barrel (TOB)
volume 24.4 m3
running temperature – 10 0C
UCSB CMS Group January 20, 2003, J. Incandela 13
Pixels
Why Pixels ?• IP resolution
• Granularity
• Peak occupancy ~ 0.01 %
• Starting point for tracking
• Radiation tolerance
CMS Pixels• 45 million channels
• 100 m x 150 m pixel size
• Barrel: 4, 7 and 11 cm
• 2 (3) disks per end
UCSB CMS Group January 20, 2003, J. Incandela 14
Silicon Strips
6 layers of 500 m sensorshigh resistivity, p-on-n
4 layers of 320 m sensorslow resistivity, p-on-n
Blue = double sided
Red = single sided
9+3 disks per end
Strip lengths range from Strip lengths range from 10 cm10 cm in the inner layers to in the inner layers to 20 cm20 cm in the outer layers. in the outer layers.
Strip pitches range from Strip pitches range from 8080mm in the inner layers to near in the inner layers to near 200200mm in the outer layers in the outer layers
UCSB CMS Group January 20, 2003, J. Incandela 15
Some Tracker Numbers
• 6,136 Thin wafers 300 μm
• 19,632 Thick wafers 500 μm
• 6,136 Thin detectors (1 sensor)
• 9,816 Thick detectors (2 sensors)
• 3112 + 1512 Thin modules (ss +ds)
• 4776 + 2520 Thick modules (ss +ds)
• 10,016,768 individual strips and readout electronics channels
• 78,256 APV chips
• ~26,000,000 Bonds
• 470 m2 of silicon wafers
• 223 m2 of silicon sensors (175 m2 + 48 m2)
FE hybrid FE hybrid with FE with FE ASICSASICS
Pitch adapterPitch adapter
Silicon sensorsSilicon sensors
CF frameCF frame
UCSB CMS Group January 20, 2003, J. Incandela 16
APV25
• 0.25 m radiation-hard CMOS technology
• 128 Channel Low Noise Amplifier
• ~8 MIP dynamic range
• 50 ns CR-RC shaper
• 192 cell analog pipeline
• Differential analog data output
UCSB CMS Group January 20, 2003, J. Incandela 17
Efficiency, Purity, Resolution
UCSB CMS Group January 20, 2003, J. Incandela 18
CMS Physics Reach
• HIGGS• The Standard Model Higgs can be discovered over the entire
expected mass range up to about 1 TeV with 100 fb-1 of data.
• Most of the MSSM Higgs boson parameter space can be explored with 100 fb-1 and all of it can be covered with 300 fb-1.
• SUSY• squarks and gluinos up to 2 to 2.5 TeV or more
• SUSY should be observed regardless of the breaking mechanism
UCSB CMS Group January 20, 2003, J. Incandela 19
Squarks and Gluinos
•SUSY could be discovered in one good month of operation …
The figure shows the q, g mass reach for various luminosities in the inclusive ET + jets channel.
~ ~
UCSB CMS Group January 20, 2003, J. Incandela 20
Gluino reconstruction
M. Chiorboli
~
p
p
g~
b~
b
b
l
l
01
~
02
~ l~
Event final state:• 2 high pt isolated leptons OS• 2 high pt b jets• missing Et
~ bb g pp
b~02
01
~
(26 %)
(35 %)
(0.2 %)
llll 01
~ ~
(60 %)
ll
UCSB could play a significant role here…
UCSB CMS Group January 20, 2003, J. Incandela 21
CMS Physics Reach
• Extra dimensions: • LED: Sensitive to multi-TeV fundamental mass scale
• SED: Gravitons up to 1-2 TeV in some models
• And more.• If Electroweak symmetry breaking proceeds via new strong
interactions something new has to show up
• New gauge bosons below a few TeV can be discovered• If the true Planck scale is ~ 1 TeV, we may even create black holes
and observe them evaporate…
This is an outstanding program.It requires unprecedented cost and effort.
It is not guaranteed…
UCSB CMS Group January 20, 2003, J. Incandela 22
Our Responsibility
5.4 m
2.4
m
Outer Barrel (TOB)
~105 m2
NEW:End Caps (TEC)
50% Modules for Rings 5 and 6 and
hybrid processing for Rings 2,5,6
UCSB CMS Group January 20, 2003, J. Incandela 23
Module Components
Kapton-bias circuit
Carbon Fiber Frame Silicon Sensors
Front-End Hybrid
Pitch Adapter
Kapton cable
Pins
UCSB CMS Group January 20, 2003, J. Incandela 24
Rods & Wheels
0.9 m1.2 m
ROD INTEGRATION
AachenKarlsruheStrasbourgZurichWien
PETALS INTEGRATION Aachen
Brussels Karlsruhe
Louvain
Lyon Strasbourg
BrusselsWien Lyon
TEC assemblyTEC assembly
CERN
Frames:
BrusselsSensors:factories
Hybrids:Strasbourg
Pitch adapter:Brussels
Hybrid:CF carrier
TK ASSEMBLYAt CERN
LouvainStrasbourg
Pisa Perugia Wien
BariPerugia
Bari FirenzeTorinoPisaPadova
TIB-TID INTEGRATION
FNAL
UCSB
TOB assembly TIB-ID assemblyAt CERN Pisa Aachen Karlsruhe. --> Lyon
Karlsruhe
Pisa
Sensor QAC
Moduleassembly
Bonding &testing
Sub-assemblies
FNAL
US and UCSB in the CMS tracker
Integrationinto mechanics
KSU
UCSB carries majority of US production load
FNAL UCSB
UCSB
UCSB
UCSB CMS Group January 20, 2003, J. Incandela 26
Active Group
• Fermilab (FNAL)• L. Spiegel, S. Tkaczyk + technicians
• Kansas State University (KSU)• T.Bolton, W.Kahl, R.Sidwell, N.Stanton
• University of California, Riverside (UCR)• Gail Hanson, Gabriella Pasztor, Patrick Gartung
• University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB)• A. Affolder, A. Allen, D. Barge, S. Burke, D. Calahan, C.Campagnari, D. Hale,
(C. Hill), J.Incandela, S. Kyre, J. Lamb, C. McGuinness, D. Staszak, L. Simms, J. Stoner, S. Stromberg, (D. Stuart), R. Taylor, D. White
• University of Illinois, Chicago (UIC)• E. Chabalina, C. Gerber, T. T
• University of Kansas (KU)• P. Baringer, A. Bean, L. Christofek, X. Zhao
• University of Rochester (UR)• R.Demina, R. Eusebi, E. Halkiadakis, A. Hocker, S.Korjenevski, P.
Tipton• Mexico:3 institutes led by Cinvestav Cuidad de Mexico• 2 more groups are in the process of joining us
UCSB CMS Group January 20, 2003, J. Incandela 27
Outer Barrel Production
• Outer Barrel • Modules
• 4128 Axial (Installed)
• 1080 Stereo (Installed)
• Rods
• 508 Single-sided
• 180 Double-sided
• US Tasks UCSB leadership• All hybrid bonding & test
• All Module assembly & test
• All Rod assembly & test
• Joint Responsibilities with CERN• Installation & Commissioning
• Maintenance and Operation
~20 cm
Modules Built & Tested at UCSB(more in talk by Dean White)
UCSB CMS Group January 20, 2003, J. Incandela 28
End Cap Construction
• Some Central European groups failed to produce TEC modules.
• TEC schedule was threatened.
• Central European Consortium requested US help
• We agreed to produce up to 2000 R5 and R6 modules
• After 10 weeks UCSB successfully built the R6 module seen above.
• We’re nearly ready to go on R5
Module Built & Tested at UCSB (more in talk by Dean White)
UCSB CMS Group January 20, 2003, J. Incandela 29
UCSB Production Leadership
• Gantry (robotic) module assembly• Redesigned
• More robust, flexible, easily maintained
• Surveying and QA• Automated use of independent
system (OGP)• More efficient, accurate, fail-safe
•Module Wirebonding• Developed fully automated
wirebonding• Faster and more reliable bonding • Negligible damage or rework
•Taken together:• Major increase in US capabilities• Higher quality
UCSB CMS Group January 20, 2003, J. Incandela 30
Testing & QA
• UCSB the leader (cf. talk by A.Affolder)• Testing macros and Test stand
configurations now used everywhere
• Critical contributions• Discovered and played lead role in
solution of potentially fatal problems!• Defective hybrid cables• Vibration damage to module
wirebonds (cf. Talk Andrea Allen)• Discovered a serious Common
Mode Noise problem and traced it to ST sensors
• Other Important contributions;• First to note faulty pipeline cells in
APVs• Led to improved screening
•Taken together• Averted disaster (financial, and
schedule)• Higher quality
4-Hybrid test stand and thermal cycler (subject of talk by Lance Simms)
Improved testing (see talk by Tony Affolder)
UCSB CMS Group January 20, 2003, J. Incandela 31
Rods
• UCSB Efforts• Building single rod test stands
for both UCSB and FNAL
• Designed and built module installation tools (for CERN, FNAL and UCSB)
• Will lead in the definition of tests and test methods
• Production• Will build and test half of the
688 rods (+10% spares) in the TOB
UCSB CMS Group January 20, 2003, J. Incandela 32
Summary
• CMS is designed to maximize LHC physics• The tracker is one of the main strengths of CMS
• UCSB is making critical contributions• Have proven to be essential to the success of the project
• Subsequent talks • Details of the important aspects of the project and the important
achievements of the UCSB CMS group in the past year as presented by the people responsible for them.
UCSB CMS Group January 20, 2003, J. Incandela 33
Schedule of CMS Presentations
• Overview (25’) - Joe Incandela
• Module Fabrication (20’) - Dean White
• Electronic Testing (20’)– Tony Affolder
• Rod Assembly and Testing (10’)– Jim Lamb
• Wirebonding (10’)– Susanne Kyre
• Database (10’)– Derek Barge
• Hybrid Thermal and Electronic Testing (10’) – Lance Simms
• OGP Surveying and Module Reinforcing (10’)– Andrea Allen
• Schedule and Plans (10’) – Joe Incandela