•

_-7/-' _-- --_-,-r _ --

I

Sin.te~n elghty-seven w••• year of hllh levels of r.I~.rch and te.chlngactivity at lh~ Queen'l Unlverllty Biological Station. On .verale, 32researcher.: professor., gr.duate student., honours student•• nd 1SIIIt.nt.,were In r~.ldence tbtoughout the su..er. Abltractl oC re••arch projects .ndper50nnel Involved are contained In the following pagea and .re su... rlxed InTable 4. In leaching activit leI, QUBS ho.ted .lx aodule. in the OntarioUnlversltlel Progr•• In Field Biology. Title. and enrollment. tor module.held at QUBS and Cor the OUPFB progra. in gener.l are found in T.bles 1 to 3.The NaturallfttWorkshop waa full to c.p.clty with an enroll..nt of 20 - 18full-tl.e and 2 part-Ciae. QUBS allo provide•• n extre..ly l.porCant f.cllityfor. yarlety of Cleld trip., expecially tho.e •••oci.ted with fall .nd vinterter. univar.lty couraes (cf. T.ble 6). In ..ny c••es, this expo.ure to fl.ldwork Is • key ele..nt In Itlautating tntereat In field biology.

In 1987, QUBS. through the Depart.ent of Developaent, kicked off ••peclal capital appeal. Contribution. to [hi•• ppeal ~ll help to providei.provad .nd ••panded facilitie. for te.chinl and re.earch programs at QU8S.The lioo'•• h.re or monie. from this .ppeal will go to repl.ce the old Jod8ewith. auch-Iaproyed, winterized building. It i. hoped th.t .11 paat uaer. ofthe It.tian will contribute to thi•• ppe.l, if only in .... 11 way. Everydonation put. u. that auch clo.er to realizina our goaJ.

Nineteen ~18hty-seven wa. the firat ••••on of operation oC the newelectronic weather monitoring .Ylte.. Thi. aYlte. wae purcha.ed with monlelfrom Queen'. Appaal, Provincial F.xcellenc~ Fund ~nd an NSERC Opec.ting Gr.ntper Dr. R.J. Robertaon. Delplta lo.e initial problems with lightning .trike.,the system porforDed well throushout the y••r. The Initl.l Inltal18tionenables monitoring of 9 v.ri.ble.: I) I actre high encloled .Ir te.per.ture2) I ..tre hlah enclosed relative hualdlty 3) .urf.ce l.ke teaperatuca ') IDetre deep I.ke to.per.tur. 5) 3.S .etre deep l.ke teaperature 6) 50 c. deep.011 te~.rnture 7) r.inf.ll (tipping bucket r.ln gauge) 8) wlnd .peed(.naemomp.ter) 10 .etrea .bovo ground 9) .ol.r radiation (pyr.nometer) 12metree above ground. Pee.ently, We are deciding on a format for data 8corage.Once ln oparatlon, a yearly compendium of dally data 8u... rle. will be kept onhard copy In the Ilbr.ry. A coapleto £ile oC half-hourly d.ta will be kept oncomputer dl.k••

Althoulh not at the .... leyel •• durlns the intern.tion.l conference.held 10c.lly In 1986, thero were ..ny villtor. to QOBS in 1987 (cf. T.bl. 4).Table 5 docu..nt8 research .nd teaching ule In uler-d.y. Cor comp.rlson withprevlou. year•.

QUBS continuos to be 0 popular deetlnatlon (or field tripI, .mallconfer.nceM and meetings. t.ble 6 pre.ent. a lilt of thea. Ulel througb 1987.

The .ealn.r .chedule w•• org.nized by Or. RaleiSh iohert.on in 1987.Thl. (oru. I. an Intere.tina and v.luable .ddltlon to eyent•• t QUBS. T.bl. 7II.t8 the r.nle oC .peakerl .nd topic. tor 1987.

Thr new Cee schedule ror 1988 appe.rl In T.ble 8. Note that there .renew ratel for non-academic and/or non-unlver.ity sroup.. Conference Ceel .re•••e.aed on the basis or .I~e of group, Ipeclal arrangement •• nd racilitie.u8ed.

An updatod list of th~lel and public.tlon. emanating Crom work done .tQU8S I» pre••nted a. an .ppendix to [hie r.port. Pleale forw.rd copies or.rtlcle. and the.es aa thel' heCO" .vall.ble. Plea.e check your li.tlng.carefully far error. or o.I.llon••

INtRODUCTION

2

Nln~c~.n eighty-.even .av continuing i.prove~nt. to the facilltles atQUBS. In "pring. a new cabin, '13, va. erect.d. TVice the sIze of our bun~Iejunlor&, the new cabin va. ready for .u..er u... Alao In .prIng, a coln­ol'~r.t('ddyr"r W3~ p\,rchaaedto 88816t with "eceuary laundry. Tn (all, theboa[hous~ roof was r~.hlngl.d and the toofa o[ rhe 8Lora,e barn. at Hughson'.w~r& repaired. The co-.oo areaa of Curran Cottage ate pr.sently undergoln,reno~4tlon. Wor~ on the bathroo.s and va.h-up roo. Ihould be co.pleted .oon.In preparing to receive delivery of • new co... rcial propane ranga for thelndge kitchen, some renovation 18 taking place In the lodge kitchen dnd food.ervice area - new flooring, enlargIng ~Itched doorvaya, adding to lervingcounter apace, altering electrical lervice to the kitchen. In lat. raIl.constructIon was begun on a boundary fence between QU!S Ind CUrtI. properry onthe East aide of the 8t8tion road. Tht. fence should be completed by spring.Already Floyd haa got a garden wor~ed up 1n the field near the road. Thereanval o( all old [encing within the nev boundarie. wa. aterted. Over ti..,all old fence viII be reaoved fro. QUBS property.

The annual Open House va. held on July S. QUBS regulars ho.ted over 300vldlor8 who toured the dl.play. of re••arch Ipecl.esand projects. In June.the aeventh edition or our Co.aunity Nevaletler vas delivered LO easthou.ehold. In the area. Thl•• uaaary of acti9illel at QUBS 18 aiaed at rho.eunable to attend the Open HOUle. ae.pon.e to the Open Hou.e re..lna hIgh and.any favourable comment8 ha~e been received about the Co.aunity New,letter.The.e public relation event. are iaportanr In ..Intaining contact with ournel,hbour. and (riendl throughout the erea. Th. regular. aL QUBS ere to b.heartily thanked for their efforts in ..king the.e event. 10 ,ucce••ful.

A nev portable fire pu.p was acquired throu,h the Vice-Princip.l ofService. RI.k Committee. Tht. pump wal aounted wIth all the nec•••• ryequipaenc on. s..ll trailer to .llow quick re'ponle In ca.e of e..rgency.Bob Bell. Queen'. Fire Seeety Officer conducted handa-on Clre extinguishercourles for QU8S reBular. on June IS. At the .... ti.., Frank and Floydpracticed with the new fire pump. Later, on July 9, ...bera of the ElginVolunteer Fire Department cnae to QU8S on a faalliarIt.tlon tour of facilitiesand to review procedure. to be utilized In ca.e of Clra. Thank. to Hank Neff,Elgin v.P.D. FIre Prevenrlon Officer for arranging thi. vi.lt.

Our kitchen 8taff, MelInda Warren, Janice 'r•.e, Linda Hugh.on and MarsPhelan provided excellent table fare for the atation ulera. The operarlon ofthe kitchen was out.tandlng in 1987. Thank you for your effort••

In raIl •• nev prolra. at QUIS va. Initiated. In re'ponse to requeat.fro. hIgh Ichool., a field trip progr•• In envlronaental biology, (ocu••InS onaquatic ayatems, was tried. Tvo high achool group., one biology. oneenvironment.l 8tudlaa ca•• for d8y-Iona module. on limnology. Theee trIpevere aucc•••rul, leading to the poa.ibility o( d.velopin, 8 full-blown field.tudle_ ceachina pro,ra. In envlronaental bl0101Y at QUBS.

QU8S alu.nu8 (read old-ci..r) Or. Cary Bell va... rried to Riel PeteraonIn Poterborough, New H••p_hire on July 26. Right Arter the cereaony, Carypacked hi. new bride and the 'be.t dog' In the truck .od headed ofl toCali[ornla to take up his naw po.t at the S.nta Ro•• Plateau Pre••rve. B••tof luck fro. all of u. at QUBSI

In October, Janice PraDO wa. marrIed to To. Radcliff. ln KIngston. Be.tvi,he. from QUBS.

Thank. to Dr. Dolf R.r...n for hia sketch which (or.. the cover of thi.report.

3

The nInth annual ~aturall.ts' Workshop wa. held May 23-30, 1987. We werepleased to have Or. Adele Crowder once again at the helm, having returned fromher 198('ubbat Ical Ieave.

Tw~nty naturall.ts participated tn the work.hop. A few of these werereturn~~. fro. pa.t workshop.. A fair cro.a-eeccloo oC Intereats andorganIzations were r.presented - Park. Canada, Gocke Unli.lted, Ride.u ValleyCon.ervatlon Authority, Provinci.l Parka (C.rlilon, Murphy'. Polot, Ch.rle.tonLake), Unlveraltle. and School. (Queen's Unlver.ley, Queen ElizabethCollegiate and Vocational InstltuLe, Welborne Public School, Humber College).

Dr. JI. PrIngle (Royal BOL.nlcal G.rden.) wa_ ooce .g.in • valuable ••set.s one of our te.chlng .nd re.ource tea.. Many thanks .1.0 co our other tea•...ber.: Dr. Allen Ke•• t (Queen'. - Biology), Peter Good (Q.E.C.V.l.), Dr.Sandra McBride (Queen'. - Ceologlc.l Science.), Dr. Ralel,h Robertson (Queen'.- 8iology), Dr. Adrlan Forsyth, Or. Peter Bo.g (Queen'. - 81010gy). Or.Francl. Cook (Curator oC Herpetology - National Museums), Terence !»ckln.on,Dr. AI Gorman (Queen'. - Geologlc.l Science.), Dr. W. Vreek~n (Queen'. -Ceogr.phy), Ken Roblnaon (St. Lawrence lel.nd. N.tional P.rk), Dorothy Young(Qu~en'. - Biology), Jennifer Harker (M.M. Dillon Co08ulcant.), Or. J....Full.rd ( Erlnd.le College - Zoology), Or. 8ruce Salth (Unlveralcy of NewBrunswIck - Zoology), Frank Phelan and Floyd Connor (both QUBS).

Thl. year, the day-long trip took u. to eeveral l.l.nd. In the St.Lawrence Ialands National Park. Highlighta of the day were geologlc.lfor..tlon. and .oil., rare pl.ne. and unu.ual h.bitats. De.plte rainycondition., we Cully ~njoyed the trip to thl. dlveree end beeutlrul a••~.bl.geof l.land••

Heny of the sld~llght. to the ..in progr•..e prove to be 80me at th~highlight. when judging from participant'. comMent.. In p.rticular, the threepvenlng presentation. by Terence Dickinson, Dr. Adrl.n Por.yth and Dr. JamesFull.rd were excell.nt. Hr. Dickin.on, a freel.nce .uthor and contributor toEqulnoK "ga&loe g.ve • superb .lide preaentatlon on ••trono.y. Dr. Porayth,• freel.nce author, talked about In.ect behaviour and ecology u.inglltu.tr.tlons fro. hi. own exparlence. in Co.c. Rica and locally. Dr.Fullard'. lntmitable style and enthuaiasm .ode the seg..nt on bata end moth.most Informative and enjoyable.

Dr. Sandra McBride was new to the program thi. year. Her keen InterealIn geology end her .rticulate, ~nthu.ia8tlc ..noer brought new li(e co chi.component. With luck, we will ba able to per.uade her co become Involved inthe workshop on a relul.r ba,t••

HeKt y.ar's plans are ready and include a tr.nsect of the Frontenac AKlsto Inv8.tlgote geolo&lc.l formations and major habitat typos and vegelatlona..ocl.tlon••

SUaa.lclon. {or topics tor inclu.ion In Lhe ..in work.hop programme orother we.k-Iong or weekend work.hops are welco.e.

NAnrRALISTS' WORISIIOP 1987

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.::S " " _cw ...... :!... '" "'., Ol- IO.. ~8. .. " .... - " -- ~>-- • .o. - ".... w .. ... u ""j:! e 0 0 .. o .. ~$.. t- " t-_

In 1981. Lake Oplnlcon wa. the aouree of Kllllfl.h tor l.boratory 'tudlelon habituation of predatory Itl.ull (Hona. 8.Sc•• tudent Carolyn W.lch) and(or behovloural comparlaona with another popul.tlon (H.Sc•• tudent LianeGabor,,)and of Blueaill and Large.outh Ba.. (or atudlea on foraging 'ndpredator avoldance (reaearch a••ociate VytenI. CotceILa.).

"Pleld BthololY of "iahea"

DR. P.W. COLGAN

McKinley. K.J. 1987. Neighbour effects I.nMit year seedling8 of .ugar upleAcer .aceharum Kar.h. B.Sc. (Hans.) The.i•• Dept. of Biology, Queen',unIVersity, Klna.ton. Ontario.

Theala:

The hayCleld. on the QUBS property ne.r Lake Oplnlcon provide aconvenient system for studyIng competition and coexiatence In gra.alond plantcommunities. Current theory on ,pecles coexl.tence sugse.ta that If .peeie.e08pete, they say coexi.t only If they are .u£flciently differentiated Intheir niche requireDtnta. Neverthelea., in the.e gr••aland. (morespeciflcally. the BaIt Field) we eo..anly find different .peeles of sra••growlnl Ie•• than an inch apart .nd apparently tn sever. co.petitlon with eachother. In the 8u.ner oC 1986 ( surv.yed the field to a.,ea. dlltributlonalrelatIon.hlp8, and collected n.ighbourlng clone. to be uaad In glaa.hou.ee~perl..nt! to •••••• the relativa co.petltive abilitie. of n.ighbourlnalenotyp.'. The ala.ahouse experl.ent. ara in prolre•••

Doualaa R. Taylor - "Trell8itiYltyaDd Coerlatenee 111 tbre. Speciea ofPerennial Crase" - H.Se. lbeale.

&Ssi.tant: Stan V•• lllauska8

ieeeareh perfor.ed In the eu..er of 1987 waa part of on on-goinl eeriesof aanlpulatlve experl.enta on plant Interactlona In old hoyflelds. Previousexperlm~nt. Involved epecles re.ovals, and annual aurveys tor speclesabundanc~. the experlaenc8 done In 1987 were a aerlee or nutrient additionsvarylna concentration. of nltrog.n, phoaphoru., and pota.elu•• Re.ult. willbe recorded as chanaee In bio.... and will be Interpreted ualng reapon,ecoefficients. All of the above experi_nt. were perfor.ed in the Ce_teryField .1tit.

Cary Epp - "ManipulatiVe! F14!ldExped_nta of CowpeUUon In PIenta fro. TwoDifferent-Aged Cree.land Sward." - Ph.D. ~eete.

"CoIIPe!tlttttveAbillty In Plante"

DR. L. AAlISS!Jf

AIISTllACTS OP IlBSKaCR COIfDOCTm Ar QUIIS 1987

1. IlBS1!A1ICHBY QUIWI'S IJlUV1!ISITT !mJDRNTS AIm STUF

5

JHCBriCn, H.L. and Harmscn, R. Growth response o( goldenrod, Solidasocanadensis (Asteraceae), LO periodic defoliation. Can. J. Bot. 65:1478-1481.

Publications:

This ts a contlnu,tlon of a long-term project initiated in 1975. In t~oold nayftelds. 27 100m reaearch plots ~ere permanently established in 1975.Every year. insect, rcdent,and plant populations are quantitatively sampled innil 27 plot•• of which nine are screened with rodent-proof fenCing and trappedempty onCe a year. In 1987 ve continued to monltor closely the population o(Trirhabda app. (Goldenrod beetles) and the introduced gcaaafeedingcaterpillar, Thymelicu8 lineola (the European Skipper). Unfortunately, theentice research nrea was affected by drift (rom nearby insecticide aprayingogalnst R declining gypsy moth Infestatin, so that all foliage feeding larval10ncctR died. Since from 1988 onwards no further epraying is eKpected. wepredlcL 0 rapid recovery of eevera1 speciee, including Trirhabda ondThymeilcul over the next two or three years.

The empnasis thia year wa. on eex-ratio and species distribution (or thethree species of Trlrhabda in relation to overall population density anddlspers81.

Co-Investigator: Bruce Hender80n - Research Asaociate.John-Paul S18oul0 - Undergraduate.

"Effects of GrazIng on Succession In an 01d-~leld Co..uo1ty"

OR. R. DARKS!N & OR. A. CROWDER

Horgan, H.J. and P.W. Colgan. 1988. The rnle of eKperience In foraging8h031s of bluntnose minnow. (Plmephalea notatua). Behav. Proc. (inpress).

Horgan, H.J. and P.W. ColgBn. 1987. The effece. of predarion presence andshoal lize on foraging In bluntn08e minnows, PilllephsluaDotatus, Env.8io1. Pisbe.. 20: 105-111.

Goeceleas, V. and P.W. Colgsn. 1987. Selection between den8ieies ofvegetation by young bluegill 8unCish (Lepollli8macrocbirus) when avoidingpredatIon. AID.Pish. Soc. Trans. 116: 40-49.

Dynaadca of nest defense by male15 (in pre•• ).

Colgan, P.W. and J.A. Brown. 19B8.centrarc:hid Hsh. Beh. Proc,

Brown, J.A., P.H. Johanllen, P.W. Colgan and R.A.S. Ku:hera. 1987. IlIIpairmantof the early feeding behaviour of large.oueh baas by pentachlorophenolexpesu re: A pread Itnary Buessmene. A.. Fiah. Soc. Trans. 116: 7l-78.

Publiutl008 :

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6

Thi•• tudy 10veJtl.ate. the ecololY of LalteOpintcon terr.ltrlll bird. Inter.. of the .nnu.l cycle, expecially breeding and the prey re.ource b••••Durinl the lu"'r of 1987, co.prahen.lve weekly counts of cacerpillar.,.pider•• and Diptera were ..de on the leave. and trunks of ..pie (thecommon.lt tree ID the are.), .nd bl"wood. Thl. waa related to ti... ofreturn Ind peak abundlnce of the major fore.t bird ,pecies and, particularly.their n••tllng perlod8.

R.foliatlon occurred In lace April, 1987 (in 'late' Y.lr. it take. placeabout May 10-12). Peak caterplll.r abundance occurred early. pree.dlng thene.tllna parlod of molt bird Ipeci... A compounding factor waa thatcaterpillar Ipecle. diver.lty and abund.nce ha. now beeD lowor for two yeor.th.n during the eArly 1980'. when detailed etudie. were ll.t ..de: thi. 1.IpPlr.ntly due to the .prayln. or the .djacent property {or Gyp.y Hoth. Thebird. adapted to low caterpill.r nueberl in late Hay - early Jun. by fa.din.their younl l.rle nueber. of odon.to. ('1' Tree Swallow., Red-eyed Vlr.oa)dlver.tryln, the diet (eg. Son. Sp.rrow.), .nd ..king increl.lnl u.e oC thehairy IYP.y 80th c.terpillar •• Thll va. done In one of two vay., by holdln.th~ larv.e on a branch and extr.ctlng tho in.lde. (eg. Chjck.de~, Red-ey.dVireo) or blnstng the caterpillar .g.ln.t a branch until ..ny of the .tlnglnggUllrdhel.. came free. The be.lnnln,a or tho hoblt were noted lI.t year.

"Io.ect Cycle., Peedin. Zone•• Ind LoC080tOry Hove..nt. 10 LalteOpinieonBirds"

Thi. broad .dndy inlet wa. the .Ite of the first fish co•.unlty .tudy InLake Opinleon, published In 1965. The .tudy Involved a detailed •••e....nt o(th~ zoobenthlc prey re.ource ba.e, tooplankton, and diets of the filh epecteaand their year classes on a monthly baals. TeD years l.ter JennHer lIarker,••• n K.Se. theaia project. repeated the study, compariDg (Ish ecology Dt thla.Ice with ocher secttons oC the foro.hore. Now (1987) the site hal ch.n.ed.lightly. with more weed growth 80 thet '0" In.hore areaa are now u.od byyounl-o(-y.ar Yellow Perch, which ware uncom.on there prevlou81y. A thirdco.paratlve atudy hs. now begun to Ie. If, and what changes have occurred Inthl. fllh co.aunity over 20 yelr••

"Lonl-teno ~nge. 10 ~he 'I.b Co_nit, oC Birch la" LaIte Opioieoo"

Compar.tive Itudies on the {i.h com.unltle. of a aerlea of laltea(Oplnlcon. Upper and Ln~er Beverley, Sydenhae, Could. Fish, Atkina) werecontinued With eaphasia on the role o{ l.ke type. prey reaource baa., .ndpntentl81 coepetltors, on diet., habitat uae. and growth ratea o{ Indlvldu.lepect.l. Objectives are to detaraino why flah epecie. occur where they do,what governl their combination into communities end whst 'contour.' apeeielecology under different circueatance••

No two water-bodies have eKactly the .aee combination oC specie., orap.cie. In equal proportions. Some Indlvidu.l apecies. however, occur In allthe lake. ao that their ecological role. age .tructure, and growth can beInve.ti.ated relative to a precl.e ••t of phyaical .nd biolo.ical variables.Data accumulation and work with aquaria populatlona continue. with .peci.lemphaai. on .... species like the Larle.outh B.a. and ..jor prey .pecle.(Colden Shiner. Black-chinned Shiner).

"8.(:01013'o{ 'iah Co_'llitiea, lnter-lalteColIPuiaoaa"

OR. J .A. K.!AST

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7

Mary-AlLce Blyth Snetdoger - "'actors Governing eody 51se and Longevityln Golden Shin..r (Hottlalgonu.c::rYIOleucuB)"- K.Sc. Theds

Work continued on populetlon. of Colden Shiner with the rl.h of theCater.qul Con.ervation Pond (whlc:here lon,-llved and srow to a lar,e .I&e)beln, co.pared with thoe. In Lake Opinleon and other .y.t.... Flr.t yearahlner., that live In the Iittor.l zone with. range of other fish 'pecle"were round to grow at the 8ame rate Ln differont 8y.t.... larger-bodIed8hln~r~ inhabLt the open water. of the Cataraqui Pond end aplrt trom BrownBullhead are the only other fl.h in that habItat. They thu. have fewco.petltor. Ln that habitat co.par.d with the open weter habitat In other

Aed"lnt: Ian Salth.

Thl. Ie ~ eecond year or the project, which involve. a eo.parl.oo ofpuapklnleed feeding, growth and life hlatory In lhallow pond. with that ofLake Oplnlcon. Thl. year, with the help of tan Salth, I .a.pled the flahpopulatIons, atoaach contenta dnd benthoe of Lake Oplnlcoo, Dowsley Pond (2.6ha) and Upper Poole Pond (0.7 he) In H.y, July, Auguet and October. Waterte.peralures and dll.olved oxyg~n concentration. were recorded; and the Itateof pu.pklnleed reproductive orsanl were exaalned In breedins eeaaon.Puapkln8ped liCe hlltory trait. In Dowaley Pond are or epeclal Intere.t. They.ature In their third growing .el.on at lengthe varying fro. 70-90 .. ; this I.2-3 yeara earlier and 2~-50 .a ... ller than Lake Oplnleon pu.pkinseede atfirst maturity (excludIng eneakera). The lmall ..ture aslea of Dowll.y arene.t~ra. not cuckolderl. De.plle early aaturlty and large gonads, Dow.leypu.pklnaeede grew fa.ter In 1981 th.n coaparably-.lzed lake fllh. Thleability to "burn the c:andleIt both ends" wa. likely ..de pOldble by Iwlnterklll In Oow.ley, which reduced the populetlon denalty by 85%. Lifehlltory characterlatlc:a of the fl.h of Upper Poole are Int.r..,dlate to thoeeof Dowlley ond Lake Opinicoo. tt appeare th.t lumner grovlng conditione arenear-optlmal for pumpkln'eed. In the ,hallow ponda, and that their populltlondyne.lce end life hi.lory pett.rn. ore deter.ined by periodic winterkill••

Klch.el rox ·Puapkloeeed 'eedlos !coloSJ and Lile Rilto..,in Shallow Pond!nvlron_nu" - K.Sc. Theel.

Ae.I.tant.: Kichele Flattere, Krleta Johaneen.

Thl. work, part of • co.paratlve study of the annual cycle in Onterio endNew South Wales, Au.tralia foreat birda, had as one of tt. objectlve. thestudy of why different bird species differ In time oC aaxtanl territorialsong. Ooee the tlaing of ..xl..l terr1torial .ong differ 1n the .e.bere of abird coaaunlty becaul. tbey breed at dIfferent ti.e. (a lonse..te...evolutlona ..y feature) or. alnce it ia unde.lreble for different .peclel todrown each other out. becaul. of InterspecifIc coapetltlon for 'broadcaetlngspace'? The I.sue ha. now been ra.olved In Cavour of the foraer explanation.Notwlth.tandlng thie evidence r...lns that cloaely related apeciel, es. Red­eyed and Werblins Vlreos. monltor eech other'. calling .nd partly avoidcailins at the .a.e clae.

"Periodidty of Territor!.1 Son,. lalatioD.hlp to Scese of 're"diIlSCycle"

With th~.~ modlficatlone to dl.t and feed!ns beh.vlour ne.tling .ucca•• W.Bapparently equal to that of other years.

8

The dlvillon oC brood. by male and ,eaale parents after nelt departureha. now been documented In a number of paslerine birds. In this Itudy we arealklna whether robin parents slso divide ehetr broods. both wiLhln the lIeatand atter fledgins. and If ao whether broodl are divided according to the aex ••I&e or $ome other characterl.tlc of the offlprlng. We are Ilao Interested Indocuaentlng whether ren.ltlng actlvitlel Influence brood dlvilion and Inte.ting the variety oC hypotheaea propoled to explain thl. parental behaviour(fora.lng efficiency. predator avoidance, experience. etc.). The relults fro.1987 Ihow clearly lhat parenti do not divide the brood vhile It II .tlll inthe neat but thal 10.. divil10n ..y occur arter neat departure.

I. "Dlyision oC Sroodl by Parente"

In 1987 we continued our atudy (begun in 1986 on the interaction between.exual seleetlon-aate choIce and Interaa.ual competition and parental care InAaerlean roblna (Turdu. aigratorlua) on the ..In QUBS property at LakeOplnleon. As a ba.ellne for thl. work w. atte.pt to colour band all adultsand their o(C'prlns and annitor the rala of each nele in our 15 ha atudy areaoC mixed wooda. plna plantation. and open lawn.. This year all but a few waryadult. were captured and an.t nelta were acceallble enough that they could beMonitored. Becau.e the breeding e.a.on can be quite long (April to Auguat).robinB can raise three or more brooda In a alngle year 80 ona of our goala IIto exaaune the .f(pet of several ne.tlng .ttempt on the mating tactic••parental eare behaviour. and oyerall reproductive aucce•• of indIvidual.. In1987 we began 5 .peclflc project. (ocuilins on diCferent a.pect. of parentaleire and sexual lelectlon a. outlined below. Each of thel. will continue in1988.

"Sesual Selection and Parental Care in the American Robin"

DR. R.D. HONTCOHRRll! , OR. ,.J. IiEATRERJIlIAD(Carleton Unlvertl ty)

Hoyle. J.A. and A. Kellt. 1987. The efrect of prey morphology and size onhandling time in a pl.clvore. the larSe.outh bass (Hicropteruladaoidea). Can. J. Zoo}. 65: 1972-77.

Deacon. L.t. and A. Keast. 1987. Pattern. o( reproduction In two populationsof pumpkinseed aunIlah. Lepomta gibboeu •• wIth differing food resourcea.Environ. Bioi. Fllh 19: 281-296.

Publicatlona:

Dace are 8 dominant coeponent of be.ver ponds and atrea.. In the La~Oplnlcon area. They are unusual for northern temp~r8te zone. flahea In beingpartly or largely heblvorea or detrltivorea. Thi. study exaainea growth ratesIn natural population. and aasessaeat of the ability of dace to ,row underaquarium condition. when their diet II liaited to plant and detrital...tedal.

Inn S.1th - "Uerblvory In 1'1no-scale Dace (Phonnu8 eoa)ft - a.sc. Theda

Iyate... Th18. plu. dl~t data. augge.tl that the large-bodied and Ions-livedpopulation of Ihlners In the Cacar.qul Pond la a re_ult of low level. ofcump ..tltlon.

9

Aaalatanta: Tracey Thompson. Su••n HcRae, Tarmo Pold•• , Karen Holder, LindaDupul., Elale Krab••

Since both el8-du.ptng and axtra-palr copulation, h.ve been reported Inthie .pecle•• knowledse of the precise parenthood oC brood. I... aentlal (orthe corr.ct evalu.tlon of pattern. of both parental care and aate choice. Todo thl. w. hope to u•• reco.blnlnt DNA technique. (e.g. DNA flnserprlntins) todeter.ln~ the exact perontage of each neatllnl In the population. Incollaboration with Dr. Peter 80aS (810101Y, Quean's Unvier.ity) we be,.ncollecllng blood •••ples fro. both adult. end ofeaprlns '0 that technique, .ndthe fea.lbility of thi•• ort of an.ly_le could be d. One of our 80eeI~ortant loala In lhl. work will be to e.e.ln. the v.riatlon In eh_ actualraproductlve 8UCC••• of .ales rel.tlve to our varlou8 ....ure. of phenot7pl~quality (.Inglng, plll_se, par..ites. territoriality, ece .}.

1n collaboration with Dr. Sarry Pro.t (Dept. of P.ycholoSY. Queen'.Univer.lty), we .ra exaalnlns In detail the behavioural and neurophy.loloslca1mechanl••• used by robina when for8s1ns Cor .erthwor.. on I lavn. Thl. workwas prompted by 80~one asking whether robins u.ed aight or 80und to findworM. Contrary to an earlier paper publhhed on rhi. aubject we dllcoveredthat robin. can actually us. both .ensory ende. to locate veras. Thl. projectwill now focus on deteraininl how .nd when bird. use .ISht and .ound .nd howprey localization I... pped within and between these two ande••

Aa a aea,ure o( ong per(or..n~e both (or the study described above endal,o a. part of a te.t of varlou. hypothe.e. to explain the dawn chorus ofbirds In seneral, we qu.ntlfied both the diurnal .nd ae.aonal pattern. ofslnglns by territorial aelea In thl. popul.tlon. In addition, the aonga oC 15lnd!vidually-.arked male. were recorded on .everal occaelon. to look forsealonal Rnd microseo,r.phic patternB In eon, .tructure .nd complexity. These80DS. will also be co~ared with tho.e oC ..I•• recroded at Charter'. Lock,ElSln, and kingston to deteraine whether there .re local dlalecta In thl.specie•• D.ta fro. e.ch of the ..Ie•• tudled In detail will be used to lookfor correlations between .Inslns activity .nd .on, comple.lty snd varlou.meaaure. of reproductive perCor..nce and assro••lon.

lll. "Song Porfor_ncc of Territorial Kales"

Wu ~ollected ... 11 blood .s~l~. fro. ra~h adult captured and a.nt theato Dr. Gordon &ennell (H•.orlal University, Newfoundland) for aoaly.l. ofbloud p~rallle~. Thr al. oC thle study I. to d~tera1ne whether blood parasitel~ 'eta ftrccorrelaled with plu..ge and other phenotypic character. quantifiedat the lime of sampling, or with. vorlety of other mea.ures of reproductive(mallng, neatlng, brood rearing) ond behavioural (foraging, ainging.ttrrltorlal) perCor..nce. We know now that there is aoee variation In thepar••ltr loads B8On, indlvlduale but 10" crltlclal experleent. are requiredto deldralne whether there Is a plausible cause and e!fe~t relationshipbetwe~n blood para.lte levela end ~ rfor..nce.

II. "Pare.ltes, Plu_ge, and Performan~e"

10

C. Inranticldal "ales were reeoved ahortly after clutch eoapletion todet.r.lne whether replace.ent ..Ie. would dl,rupt a clutch oC DIg.. Peasleawere receptlve and copulated with replaceaent .. lea aa lonl aa 12 day. afterclutch coapletlon. Kaloa whleh replaced during the firat rew daya oCincubation adopted the ne.tlinsa. Mal•• which replaced I.ta In incubatlon,av.n though in ao.~ c••ea they had copulated with the Ce..le, killed the

I. Polygyny: We continued oba.rvatlona on div15lon oC labour in feedin,neatllng. by aonos.aou •• nd polygynoua ..lea. Relatively tew ..I.a werepolY8ynous, and tho.e ware ln boxe. 27 • apart. Yery tew oC the I. pairedboxes resulted In polYlYny. Hale. tend to reed only at the neat of theprlmory Cemnle, and where ..les try to a••l.t at the neet oC the .econdary(umolu, where neatllngs are younger, the mal. occasionally trlea to feed(nappropriately larse food ltees.

A. Settlinl pattern. ODd extra-box delense: Defense oC extra boxes mayprove to be advant,seoua to a aBle through (I) enablins hi. to attractadditional 'e..l.a, (ii) Increasing the aLtractlveneaa of hia t~rrltory to a,iven (... le by providing her with. cholc. or neat sites, (iii) providing analternative alte Cor rene.tlng should the Clrat Deat fall. In the flrat ca.e,(... l.a should preCer .. Ie. which are not deCendlng extra box.a. alnce thereI. good evidence polYlYny I. dt.advanta,eoua ror the feaale. In the lattertwo c••ea, (emal.a ahould prefer ..Ie, which are defendlns extra boxea. Tot~.t these hypotheae., every other box in Bridget's Grid and Hushlon'a w.aprovided with a paired box 8 m away, and aettling pattern. ware determinedthroughout April ual118 the acan technique. There was no obvlou. pattern thatmalea preferred to deCend extra boxe., nor that (eaala. elth.r preferred or'voided extra-box territorle•• However, detailed anlly.ia of the data re..lnato be done.

J. Ieh.9iour,l 8colo81 of Tree S..,.11ow.

"S"lo!cUve Porce•• nd the E'I'OluttoDof IreediD8 SttateSies in lirda"

OR. I.J. IOII!USON

AI,I'taDta: P.a Sinclair. tlsle Krebs.

In 1987 1 besan (leld experiments at QUBS on individual racognitlon byanng in Black-capped Chickadees (Parua atrica~illus). This work coaplementaand extends onsoing lab ,cudles of chickad~ea perception of not' order(~yntax) and r~l.tlve pitch. We individually ..rked over 100 bird. ,t feedersIn late winter. and .anitoted approxl..tely 2S territoriea fro. Karch to lateMay. To deterllin. whether the "fee bee" adv~rthlDg whistle cODveyaInfor..t10n about Individual identity. we exposed territorial ..les toplayback of aODga oC i..ediate neighbours and local strangera. In agree..ntwith other neighbour-atr.nBer studies. chlcksdees showed .1Bnlficantly.tronger a8gre.slv~ relponaea toward. atranger.. The 1988 ••••on will exallinewhich features oC 80ng contribute to thi. discrimination, ualns co.puter­aynthe81zed playb.ck 'tlmuli.

"Neighbour-Stranser DhcrJlIi.,.tion in Chic:lt.deea"

OR. L. IlATCLIFFll

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II

As a pllot study for palsible H.Sc. projecta, Bobolink territories were"pped, nelta vere located. and .adel pre.ent'tLona vere trled ,t a nuaber of(iMlda on the Hev Lind and near Crolby and Elgin. A thesia propoaal Involvin8asla long ond (emale choice L. belng developed.

Honlea Hether -"Bobolink Breedin8 Behaviour and 8c01081"

111. Craduale Studenta

Field AsalataDt: Honica Hetber

The role of paternal care in the ..Intenance of .anola.y in Bluebird. taunclear. Covaty found aale care waa unlaportant to [...le luceess in SouthCaroline, yet in OntariO, we found mala care did afCact nesting luccaa.. In acoop.r8Lly~ Itudy Involvln8 Cre. hU and Al Dufty in New York, and PattyCovaty at Cl...on, we did a leolraphle coaparllon, all In the aa.. year, Inwhich IIIIIle.vere r•.aved and held 10 captIvity, and (e..le Ceeding ratea andnut ling grovth ratea were lDea.ured. lI... ults are currently being analysed.or perlpheral lntereat to this atudy waa the large a.aunt of variation in thebeha.iour of replace..nt ..les toward the brood of the prevlou... le. Thlaand other a.peeta of the Itudy wIll be puraued in 1988.

II. Hale eare and the HaIDtenanc@ of Honoa.., In !a.t~ra Bluebirds

fe@d1nl rate, neetllnl grovth rate, and adult vellht lo.a, .a indicatorsof reproductive efCort, v~re .ealured ln paired neata oC adult and aubadultteulu.

Liaa Veni@r - "Aae-rela~ed Patterna of Reproductly@ Sf fort iD p... le TreeSwaJlowe" -II. Se, Theaia.

For the .econd breeding aealon. Tree Swallows breeding ln naturalcavities In 'lIen' Pond and Osprey Harlh were .tudied by Wally to enablecoaplriaon vich thOle breeding In grid. of nelt boxea. Infor..tlon va.obtained on nest dllper.ion, extra-slte defen.e (quite common), polygyny(ther~ vaa none), frequency of breed!n, by subldulte (higher than in thegrldl), clutch si&a (lover thin In the ,rlda), and c.vlty eharactertltica inrelatIon to neat luccess. Nest Iltes vere .e8.ured uaing ropea, ladders, andthe help of Floyd, Herk Hallory. Helen Ga.ble, Janet Cox, and RJR 1nJanuary/February. Wally coapleted hla thesi. ln Dec. and attar a 6.anth~tlnt of vorking on finchea in tha Calapalos he viLl retura to vrite paperafro~ his theaia.

WaUace 8. Rendell - "lfaturllPOPUlatiOIUl of Tree SvIIllo_(Tacb,dneta blcolor)" - B.Sc. Thed ••

Field Asliatlotl: Cather'ne Vardy and Lila Venier

neltUngs II the e,gl hitched. ApparentlY the forer ..Ie. had been "fooled"Into "thinking" they had dred the brood. Thee. nudiee on Infantielde byreplacement malel and counter-strateglel by feMAles viII continue in 1988.

12

Stutchbury. 8.J. and R.J. Robert.on. WIthln-••••on and ag.-r.latedpatt.rn. oC reproductIve per{or..nce in (e.. le tree.wallow.(Tlchyelnet. bIcolor). Canadien Journal of Zoology. In

Two methoda of .exlng adult TraeJournal of Pleld Ornithology

R.J. Robertaon. 1987.they begin breeding.

Stutc:hbury, 8.J•• ndSwallow. before58:236-242.

(tutchbury• 8.J. and R.J. Robert.on. 1987. Behavioral tlctlc. of

.ubadult fe..le floater. In the tree awallow. Behaviorll tcolOIYand SocloblOlol7 20:413-419.

Stutchbury. 8.J. and R.J. Robert.on. 1987. Do nelt buUdinll and firstegg dlta. reelect .ettlement pattern. of (e.. le81 Condor 89:5g7-593.

Stutchbury. 8.J. and R.J. Robertaon. 1987. SignalIng .ubordlnate and(e..le .tltU.: two hypotheaea for the adaptive 8ilnl(lclnc8 ofsubadult plu.age In f ... le Tree Swallow.. Auk 104: 711-123.

Publicationo:

The neat paraSitism of 8rown-he.d~d Cowbird. can provide 8 source otnesting failure for many amall passerinea. It 18 hypotheaized that 80.epasserine. have learned to recognize fe..le Cowbirds aa a poaaible threat. andreact agsre••lvely to their preaence near the nest. So .. paaaerioes ..y 1110have lelrned to recognize (e.. 18 Cowbird chatter. To te.t lhe.e hypothe ••••durlns lone-week period In aid-Kay and durins one day in I.te JuDe. a aerie.of prelenlatlon. of f le cowbird .odels and aons sparrow .odele (non-threatenIng control.) w de to nasting pho.be. on egg8. Pre8entationa were..de bolh allantly. and accompanied by recording. of female cowbird and 80ngaparrow long.. A fe..le cowbird .adel we. pre.ented alone ne.t at one-hourInterval. throulhout one day to teat the po•• ibility of either habituation tothe .odel or incre..ed algre.llvene •• due to po.itive reln(orce.ent by r•.ovelof the .odel by the InveltlCltor. it I. planned to continued thi. project forat least a Curther five year••

A. well. a adat-net banding progre. wilh con.i.tent handling andrecordlns of bIrds Was carried out •• continuation of a progra. begun theprevious yelr to serve 88 a control for banding data from Prince Edward Pointbeing analy.ed tor differencel in temporal movement during .prlns migration orIeleeted p•••• rlne group. and .elected Parulid apeclea. Capture. werepxtremely aplr.e and Inaignilicant datI vere obtained. However. it i. plannedto contln~ thi. project for at lea.t one .ore year. aince the poor captur.reaulls ..y hIve been the reaull of a ootedly poor sprIng mileation showingthroughout the eaatern Onlarlo resion.

Je88ie De.iaurier. - "Phoebe Re.poaae to Cowbird Preaenee at the ...~" - I.Se.Theda

In aKplorlng possible Itudle. for Ph.D. reaeareh. goldfinch neste werelncated and the involvement of the male and any .econdary ..Ie. (none) wa.obs~rved. Neata were found over a range of h.lghtl and habltatl that wareun~xpeeted baaed on previoua literature.

telrio Coocad - "Coldfioc:b MeaUos Sehaviouc"

13

In 1987 work coneinued on the matern.1 c.re tactlca of th~ treehopperPubliHn concava (llolllOptera:!1o..bracldao). We conducted an ant exclul10nexperi.ent preventing anLs Crom Lending helf o{ .... bracld populotion loc.tedon 60 EupaLorium plante. Ant-Lendod { le, .bandoned their el8 ...... twice88 oCten •• ant .xcluded (e..le.. , la. vhich ablndoned clutches u.u,llybegan new clutch... Egg-quardlnl by r le. re.ulted In gre.ter hatch .ucce.,than eIutehes In which (e..l., were re.aved. EU predation and p.r"HI •• by"y..rld wa.p. were ..jor -ort,llty ,oure... Survivorship ot ...bracld ny.ph,va. enh.nced by ane-tendlng but the .C(ect w•• reduced when l.r,e nu.bera oCny~h. wore Cound on the .... pl.nt. Lady beetles were .are abundant on .nt­excluded pllnt. and con.u..d larg. nu.bera of young ...bratld ny.ph.. Ant.,prl..rlly ea.ponot". pennaylv.nlcul, al,r,allvely exclude predatory In••et••Prell.Jnary evidence 8u18e8t, that Cre.leos••ter tending .lov. ny.phll

"Haternal eare in Treehoppe.."

DR. A. FORSYTH AND DR. M. WOOD - Blo.y.te..tici Research In.titute, Ott.v.,Ontario.

11. RJ!SBAIICH BY NOIf-QUUII'S STUD!MTS AND STAPP

"Ichel. Fl.tters (B.Sc. Honour. Student) ia co~aring the ~ooplanktoncO.MOnltle. In two amall ~aver pond. adjacent to Lake Opinicon. UpperDowaley Pond ie (Ishle••, whll.t nearby Lower Dow.l~y ha. fillh. OLherwl,.,lak. ch,r.cteri.tlc. are .t.tl.r. Thi•• tudy .hould elucidate therelaLlon.hlp between (Ish predation .nd zooplankton dyna.tc••

Michele Flatten - "Zooplanlltonand 'iah Feeding in Be•• er Pond." - B.Sc.Thede

eatherlne Christie (M.Se. Student) i8 de.crlbing the dlato. flora. fro•••ulte of Southern Ont.rlo I.ke., .nd correl.tlng these •••••bl.g•• toIlkevat.r char.ctefi.tiea, .uch •• pho.phoru•• nd chlorophyll. lev.l.. The.panalyse. will pyentu.lly .llov vorker. to u•• fos.ll diato.. to Infer p••tproduction leyel, in lake., auch a. the•• techniques are currently ~Ing usedIn .cldlflc.tlon studl.s. Hany l.ke. ne.r QUBS (including Lake Opinlcon) ar.belnl u••d in this study.

"Dlno_ .. lncUutors of LeIteTrophic SUtus"

DR. J. SHOL

~ullntJoy,D.J. and R.J. Robertson. Why are waxwings waxy? Delayedplumage maturation In the Cedsr Waxwing. Auk. In Pru... (Accepted10 S.pt. 1987).

Mountjoy, D.J. ond R.J. Robert.on. Se.t construction tactic. In the CedarWaI<Vlng. Wihon Bulletin. In Pre.. (Accepted 14 July 1987).

lIexuallyIn Pr.II••

Pr••• (Accepted IS April 1987).Ro~rt.on, R.J. and B.J. Stutchbury. !xperl.ental evidence for

••I~eted Infanticldp In Tree Svallow.. Ani.. l !ehaviour.(Acerpted 4 August 1987).

14

The terminal gangllon and the anter10rly projecting ventral nerve cord ofthe neuropteran. Corydalu8 8p. and a trlchopteran were examined for windrespon8es to filiform receptocs located along fleshy cercal-like projeetionaon the posterior margln of the last abdominal segment. Long hair. were foundthot would activate large (although not giant) extracallular spike. in the

"Prltntive Cercal IUoceptoreand their CNS Connections"

Asaiatant: Jayne Yack

lntracellular examinations revealed metathoracic Internaurons thatresponded to sounda of frequencies between I and 3 k8~ in motha froa thefollowing familiea: Noctuldae, Arctlldae, Nocodontidae and Sphingidae. Thesecells were located in the metathor8cic gangllon and appeared to a.eend fromthe abdomen. Their axons curved Into the metathorax and terminated withfinely discussate arbori%ations posterior to the junction between the IDCca­ond mcsothoracic ganglla. Low frequency interneurons ate ot Interest sincethe typical audltory characteristlcs of moths rule out such sensitivities andthe 8ph1ngLd moth does not possess ears. 1 predict that theee cella havetheir input with the cercal receptors of Orthopteca.

"La" I'requency Acouatically-activated Interneurons in Kotbs"

Assiatant: Jayne Yack.

The central nervouS system of the notodontld moth Pheosia tiDOS. wasIntraeellularly probed to locate auditory interneurona previously desrlbed Corthe noetuid moth, He110thia vireacens (Boyan and Fullard. 1986). Notodontldsare of particular interest because of their one-celled care which give the.the world's simplest auditory systeme. An auditory interneuron likelyhomologous with the noctuid 504 cell was encountered in the metathoracieganglLon oC P. rimosa. This cell was strongly excLted by Ipsilateral soundsand appeared-Co be weakly inhibited by concralateral aounds. tt8 morphologydiffers from that of the noctuld 504 interneuron in that It possessea anextremely filamentous contralateral synaptic output which aay be related tothe increased role thla cell ploys In the one-celled notodontid. Theinhibitory rcsponses aeen in 504 may function in bilateral sound localization.important In the dececcf on of the echolocation aignals of In_ectlvoreus bats.

"CoDtralateral Sound Proces8ing In Notodontid Motha-

The acquisition 01 several new pieces DC equipment (Brown-Flamingmlcroelectrode puller, Leit& micromanipulators. air cushion table) allowed fora number of projects involving the intracellular examination of neuronsaasoclated with sensory processing and behaviour In insect8.

"Insect Sensory I'hyal0101D'and Neuroethol0ID'''

DR. J.B. FULLARD - Department of Zoology, Erlndate College of Univeraity ofToronto, Hississauga, Ontario.

Assistant: David Bell

developmental rate.

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15

In a previous publication ve Identified a .et of found-senaltlveIntarneurone In a noctuid 80th (Hellothla vlreecens) and baled on theirphysiological propertlel ve propoled a .odel Cor hov @valive behaviour(alalnst batl) aay be effected. Our relulta Indicated that three or the four~It commonly encountered Interneuron, (501, 503, 504) viII reclave~n08ynaptlc Input from the most aenlitlve (AI) auditory receptor andpredicted the types of connectiona lhole neurons make with flight motorneu rolll'. In Cuocala noctuid lIothl,ve Identified the aame let of lound­aensltlve Interneurone 08 In H. vireac.nl and tested aspecl. of the model.Our resulta .re .ummarl~ed as-rollovl: I. tnte~neurona SOl, 503 Ind S04reclov. monosynaptic EPSP'. from the AI .udttory aIferent; 2. vithln this,roup, Interneuron 504 appearl not to receive input frollthe accond auditoryIfferent (A2), suggeatlng I separlte circuit proce.llng infor..t10n derivedfrollthll Ifferent; 3. Intrlcellularly filled Al receptor procelaea Indicatethll cell hal outputs In: (.) thl anterior re,ion of the IICtlthorlcic'Inallon (where Interneurona 501, SOl, 504 receive input), Ind vhere Itllnlnsaof Interneuron 503 and AI afrerent 1n the .... preparation IUlgeat aynapleloccur, (b) Interior in the ..Iothorlclc ,Inglion, vhere ve identified anInterneuron (510) which doel. Indeed, receive IIOnosynaptlc input frolltha AIIff~rent, snd probably (ro. olh@r lound-.enlltive interneurona a. well; 4.we have yet to find a thoroclc lound-.en.itlve interneuron vhole morphologydoe. nOt correspond to the U-Ih.p~ we previously described. Thi8 Bugge.ls alodder-Ilko orrangement of lotr.- and Inter-eegmentally repeated morphologics;5. we nov hlv~ evidence to IUKgeit that the previoualy reported 'pulle-coder'IntlJrneuron Cirea phesicolly .. a result of inhibition whIch !My hove It.origIn In n r~ed-back loop; 6. VI have nov Identified a rbythllically active(tllaht) Int~rneuron (401) vhich recllve. poverful excitatory auditory Inputlufflcl~nL to reaet the rhythll. The exclu.lvely ipsilateral .orphology of 401and Ita excitatory reaponae conforll to 8 prediction as to how the ludltorypathway Co the flight DUaculature la Or,lnl&ld. Further, the ..Iothoraclc.olor neuron Innervating the doria I lonsltudlnll tl18ht DUlcIe contrlilteralto lh•• tlllUlatedear la inhibited by aound al predicted by the DOdel. Whll.trelultw conforll to our .od~1 or Inti-bIt evasive flight behlviour in .othl, w,

n'uoctlonaJ Or1401.at10n of the Hoth Auditory S,.tean

Or. J. 'ullard aod Or. C. Ioyao (Australian National Univeralty)

A8aiatant: Jayne Yack

n@rv~ cord connective. These halra v~re concentrated In patches faclnloutvard on the teralnal abdoainal ae,..nt and .., function a. elther wind ordl.tur~nce receptors. 1.argeaxona associated vith rapid, antl-predatorr@lponle sre known In cockroaches and ,ra.ahoppers but ho.olo,ou. neuralcircuit. in .ore priaitive lo.ect. have not been love.tlgated. A .tud,pxamlnlnc such receptors and eNS Interneuron. In the flrebral, Thar80blu ••usgelted that ooly Insecta thal underlo Incomplete tlet.morphoal. vould beexpected to pOlsess such rec@ptor•. The pre.ence of th@.e cello Inn"uroptor.,n. and trichopteranl, In.ect. vith c:olIIP1etelleta.orphoa1s .uglestslhat functions other than predator avoidance (e.g., flight control) l18ybe theprimitive role8 a'80ciated with lueh naurons.

-~- ~ - ----

16

Vack, J.E. 1987. The Dechanoreceptlve origIn of insect tymp.n.l organs: Acomparative "tudy of hoaologou. nerves tn tyapanate and aty.panateepeele. of lepldoptera. H.Se. The.la, Oepart.ent of ZoolOIY, ErindaleCollege of Unlverllty of Toronto, Hlaalaaaug., Ontario.

Theala:

It has been comNOnly supposed, although never tested experlaentally, thatIntect tympanel org.n. repreaene ehe evolutionary .d.ptatlon of • prlaltlvelyproprioceptive atructure aonleorfng .tretch or ten8100 of the cuticle.

Hoths of the .uperC.a11y Noctuold •• poaae.e a pair of ..t.thoraclctyap8nal organ. uaed prlaarily for the detection of the ultralonlcecholocation criea of Inaectlvorous bat.. Trmpan.l organ. are ab.ent however,In other taxa, auch aa the auperfaaille. Bo.bycolde•• nd Co,.oldea. 1predicted thac aty.panate moths poaae., neur.l eleaent8 which are hoaologoua~o the tympanic nerve cells In the noctuld 80th, and thot theee homologuea aces. proprioceptor. monitoring tension of the cuticle or body wall.

Horphologlcal .tudl•• of the peripheral nervous .yatem in 8 .tympanat.DOth specie. ahov that atympanate aoth. po••e•• an homologou. nerve (lIINlb)to the noctuld tympan.1 necve. Neurophy.lological recording. of the IllNlbnerve In .tympan.te .pecle. auggeated that Individual cell•• re hoaologou. tothe .coustlc cell. of the noctuid ear and that they act •• proprioceptor.aonltorlng 8Ove..nta of the hlndvlna.

Theae data aupport the hypothe.l. th.t lneect tympanal orl.na .re derived(ro. proprioceptive lenslll.e.

Jayne Yaclt- "Mechanoreceptor Origin8 of Insect Trapanal Organa - M.Sc. Thesio

This su..er w~ recorded the feedlns and flight behaviour of two ..Ieeaat~rn long-eared bata, Hyot~s septentrlonalia, a specie. which, until now,ha. not been ob.erved In close quartera. Ob.ervatioDs vere carried out underred lights In a pla.tlc-acreened encloaure. this encloaure (idea courtesy ofR. 80rclay) ha. the advantage of providiDl an a.blent-te.perature holding areawith a durable type of acreen not injurioul to the bae.. The anl..1s vere fedmoths taken trom a nearby collecting lamp, required no hand-feedlns orftddltlonal vitamin supplements and wera rele.sed two month. later. Hyotlaleptentrionalls orient. to non-flying InlCCtS, either on the acroon or In thehand whenever they vere actively flappinl their vinls. Recording' were madeor the bae', echolocation eatssiona aa they flev In the roo. and a. they.pproached the IDaecta. We predict that ~ aeptentrlonalla IllteIts veaterncongener, H. evoti., raeda on aubetrate-Iocated Inaecta and uae. hlgh­frequency sound. ealtted by the Insect to find the.. The .ucceaa at keepingtht bata healthy for '0 long without Involved feeding progr...... ulge.t8 thatthla cage type I. an ef(lclent ...thod to atudy temper.te 8ubatrate-gleaningapedu.

HllteStoneaan - "Copt Ive Studiea of a Subatrate-gleaning Bat, Kyothaeptencriona11a"

As.I.tant: Hike Stoneman

are I.pre.oed by the complexiey of central auditory proce••ing in an insectWith only two auditory afferents.

I

17

Our group at the 1111noll Natural IllatorySurvey II colhboratlng withDr. Kart Cro•• and hla research tea. at the University oC Toronto to Itudy a

"Bluegill Reproduction Studies"

01. D.P. PHILIPP - Aquatic BlololY Seet10n. 1111nol. Natural HIstory Survey.Chaep.lln. IL

Cre.nough. J. 1986. Hale parental Inveat..nt and the evolution oC (...Iechoice. B.Sc. Thetls. Departeent of Biological Sciencel. Sicon 'ra.erUnLverslty. Burnaby. B.C.

Coleman. R.M. 1986. Pareneal lnve.tllenttheory: teau in bluegill tunU.h(Lepo.is macrochJru.: Centr.rchidae). M.Sc. Theai., Department ofBiological Seloncea. Sicon 'ra.er Univerlity. 8urnaby. B.C.

Theses:

an explanation forteleoat Chhee

1986. Willi... • principle:flahel. In. The behaviour ofHe1. Publisher•• p. 275-293.

Sargent. R.C. and H.R. Cr088.parental care In teleost(T. Pitcher. ed.). Croom

Sargent. R.C•• P. Taylor and H.R. Croaa. 1987. Parental care and theevolution of egg Ilze In fi.hee. American Naturalilt. 129: 32-46.

PubUc:ation.:

We are conductlnl long-term field studle. on fI.h (I) .. tlng ayet••evolution. (2) parental care evolutIon. and (3) altern.tlve life hl.toryevolution. Huch o( the work on alternative IIC. hlatory evolution i. Ineoltabor.tion with Dr. Oavid PhilIpp and hI. Iroup fro. the Illinol. NaturalHietory Survey.

"Evolutionary £eololD'of Pi.h Reproduction"

DR. H.•.ClOSS - Departcent of 2001011. Unlver.ity of Toronto, Toronto.Onurio.

Fullard. J.H. 1988. The tuninl of moth ear•• £xperientla (in pre.a).

FuItard. J.H. 1988. Sensory .,colOIYof .ath•• nd bats: glot>.lleuon. InItaylnl alive. In: Predator-prey interactione. £van•• D. and Scheidt.J. (eds) - SUNY Pre•• (In pre••).

Full.rd. J.H. 1987. Se080ry ecololY .nd neuro~thology of .oth. and b.t.:Int~r.etlons In 8 Ilobal per.peetive. In: Recent advancel In th~ ttudyon bata. Fenton M.B •• Raynor. H. and Racey. P. (cds) - C••bridge Unlv.Pr•••• C..brldle.

Cardon~. 8. and J.H. Fullard. 1987. Sexual dlmorphis. In the audItorycharacteristic. oC the IYpsy .ath. Phy•• Ent. (in pre••).

Publieatlol\8:

18

Blake', re.earch has leveral goal.. Fir.t, he hope. to unr.vel thedynBadc. of the hybridiz.tlon event., that I., to detereine how theae hybrid.are belna loreed .nd why. Thl. will be acco.pil.hed through a co.bln.tlon ofbehavioral atudie. In the field .nd l.boretory etudie. u,lnl reltrlctlon.ndonuclea•• dllestlon .naly.l. of 8itochondrl.l DNA to detarelne ..ternity.

IlalteKonkle - "lnterapecHic Rybridlution of 1l1uegill.nd Pu_lnaeed"

•

Pavel he. developed the radlol.mune a•••y (RIA) technique. to quantl(ytesto.terona levela In the 8er. of ..Ie bluelill. Uslog thi. technique, Pavelhaa deter.lned [he pattern of teatosterone production aeong ..Ie bluegillathroughout the .nnual cycla. He ha. al.o .tudled how te.to.terone level.ch.nge durlnl the .pawoinl ••••on In detell. tn addition, by decereining thedifference. In te.to.terone level•• 80ng plrent.l ..lea Iro. dlffereot .rea.within. bluelill colony, he I. a••e••lnS the relationshIp betveen horeoneproduction, .S8r•••ion and reproductive succo... He i. alao a•••••lng thorole which Le.to.terone ploy. In determining which life history, parentel oreuekolder. a eale bluegill •••u.... In addition, during 1987, Pawel conducteda aerie. of experi.ent. in which he ..nipulated androgen and prolactin leval••.ong parentel ..le bluealll through exol.noully l.planted pellet••Behavlor.l oblerv.tion. of the .n.uln8 .pawning and parent.l c.re .ctivltle •were then ..de to deterelna e(Cect. of the•• treateent••

Pevel lindler - ..Ho.....081 Anal"ia of Kale Ilue,Ul durlng the Sp.voi...Seaaoo" - Ph.D. Theeie.

1987 w., the third year of this study. Por tbe la.t two years, we havetracked ch~ .pawning .ctivlty of all coloniel lormed In a {Ive bay study are.throughout the .pawnlng ••a.on. To deterldne If parental .ole. routinelyrespawn durlns a .eason, .ale. were ..rked .nd recaptured. We have eonitoredhow ..ny of the•• sale. r.[urned to the .tudy area each y••r to spawn. We.leo have •••e•••d how reproductive succe•• varied sp.tl.lly .80n8 nest' ondifferent are.' within. colony, aeong colonie. Cro. different erea. of the.tudy ,Ite and t'.porally amons the diCferent individual .p.wning boute durlnsthe .eaaon. tn additIon, during 1981 we deter.lned the rates of eBgrertllization .nd succe••ful hatching in lhe field and und.r l.boratorycondition. for eeverel colonie. during eech spawning bout to e.,e8. theapatlal end ••••onal variation in spewnlng .ucce•••

Julie CI.uaaen - "The o,nl.tca of Coloo, '0...t1oo and tb. leproducti•• Effortof • Iluesill Population"

AI,latantl: PI. Austin, o..lr•• Bu.•hong, John Reinke

nu.~r of a.peeta of bluegtll reproduction. The bulk of our .tadie. center onassessIng the genetic, phy.Iological and unvlronmental Ceetor. whieh mayinfluence alternative reproductive behavior. aeong ..Ie blu.glil. Durlnl1987, the.e .tudles Included experl.ents d••lined to ae.e•• how the denllty ofyoung-of-the-y ••r bluegill .nd den.icy of .dult parent.l ..Ie bluegill.CCected the r.te of precoclou... tur.tlon of thcse younl. Th.t i., c.nprecoclou, ..turetlon be iolluenced by the .ocial structure of the population?In addition, we have continued .elective breedina experl.ent. designed toconstruct all-parental and .ll-cuckolder .traln. of Lake Opinicon bluelill.We have el.o finished a four-year life hl.tory Btudy on an experimentalpopulation of bluegill eet.bllshed in a rel.erch pond.

19

Thts su~r 1 continued my study of the reproductive atr'teste. of (e.aleWAter .It...; I va, able to .tanilicantly lncrea8e ay ••• ple .iz... Speci..s ofthe genua Arrenurua .how draaatic ditference. tn the .t&e and nu.ber of "88'which they produce In a clutch. 1 looked al these differences on anIntra.peclflc I.vel, alOng .pecie. in each or the four .ublenera, and aaonsthe .ubgenera. The ra.ultlng patternl lee. to be related to tha tha type of

Wanda Cook - "A Co.paralive Study of Reproductive StrateIY alOng p...les ofArreourus spp.·

\Sailh, 8.P. N.v Specie. of Hydrachna (Acari: Hydrachnidta: Hydrachnidae)J paraaltlc on vater boat_n (tneeete: lIeaiptera:Corixldae). Can. J.

Zool., 6~(II): in pre...

ABal.tanta: Wanda Cook, Lort Laughland

During 1987 t continued r.s"areh on Water attes of the lonu' Arrenurus.lntenaive colloctionl of e~ergent in••ct. fttDeadlock lay were again conductedIn order to determine pattern. of ho.t utill~ation, and .patta1 and teapotslrelatlonships vithln lhla host/paraaite coaeunity. Thia conclude. lampllngfor the descriptive ph.ae of the study. Collections viII be .orted and.peci.n. viII be id~n~ifted through the upcoaing year.

lnten.ive collecting of feaale Arrenurua, Hydrachna and Eylai. aitea wa.conducted, and (... 1•• Were aaiDtained In the laboratory lO obtain egsa, and.ubsequently, larvaa. Thi. rearina progra. re.ulted tn ..ny •••oclatlon.between adult•• nd compo•• di.gno.e. and k.y. Cor the larval atage, and canIdentIfy larval .Itea encountered In .y atudie. of the ho.t/para,ltecommunity.

"Vater Hite Paraatti•• of Aquatic l",ecte"

DR. BaUCE P. SH1TD - Dept. of Biology, Unlver.ity of New Irun.wlck,'redericton, New Irun.wick.

Gro." H.R. and D.P. Philipp. Inheritance of alternative ..Ie reproductivepattern. In fl.h. $ubattted to Science.

Kindler, P.M., D.P. PhIlipp, M.R. Groa., .nd J.M. Slhr. Seru. 11-ketote.tosterone and te.t08terone concentrationa a••oci.ted with breedingbehavior in ..Ie bluegill (Lapoai... crochiru.: Centrarchidae).Sub.Itted LO Generll .nd Co.paratlv. Endocrinology.

Publication.:

He a180 hope. ~o •••••• why total Introsreaalon between the two .pecies doesnot occur even lhou8h the a.aunt of '1 hybrId production 1. quit. ,l,nifiC8nt.Thl8 wIll b~ ftcco.pll.h~d througb .oleculer senettc ana1yell of brood.produced In ~he wIld at L.k~ Opinlcon end of broods produced in the laboratoryfrom 6peclCIc in vItro crosses. DurlnB 1987 behavioral ob.~rvatlon. werebegun In the freId, colIect.Icnsof known blueaill, pWllpkln.eed, and PI bybrld.were made, ftnd.ILochondriel DNA i,olatad. In additIon, FI cro••e. of knollOdirection were produced and are belna re.red for further exp.rlaentation.

20

After nine years of observation, thia populAt:lonof SO tagged ahruba i.steadily losing Its vigour. If 1 compare aeed production prior to theDecember 1980 cold-wave, which killed all the flower bud. reaultlng in no(rult production in 1981, 1 found that in 1979 and 1980 about 66% of thebushes bore aOlle fruit with 8% yielding> 1000 berrie•• After 1981, onlyabout 40% bore any fruit 8t all, and then rarely IIOtethan 300 berriea. ThUG

"DeJlographyof Vaccill1u.COry!»oSWl in Rebert Bog"

DR. S. VAN DRR XLOET - Department of Botany, Acadia University, Wolfville,Nova Scotia

During July of 1987, adult chironomids of the genua Ohlronomus veregathered at the Queen's Biological Station. These chironomids were examined(or evidence of mermithid nematode parasitism. Nonparasit{~ed ehironoll1dsandmermlthlds reared to adulthood were mounted (or claasification. 80thpara.itl~ed and nonparsitized chironomids and all of the life-cycle atages ofthe mermithlds (wtth the exception of the prepara,lelc etage) were [ixed forlater histological and ultrastructural examination.

My master's project will entail an investigAtion of any structuralpathology of the chlronollid reproductive sy8tem re8ultlng from the presence ofmerllit:hidpar88ltes. To fully explain suoh damage I will also examine thenervous, endocrine, digestive, and circulatory syatems of the chironollid.

Patti Ra .... ey - "Horphologi~al &lI8mination of t:heMale aDd Pe_Ie ReproductiveSyate. of Parasitized and NonparnsHllted ChJronoalds" - M.Sc. Thesis -Supervisor 0.8. MaeKinnon (U.N.8.)

Larvae of most species of water mite. are paraaities of aerial insects,but muSt somehow return to the water to continue their 1ifecyc1e. Previousresearchers bave speculated that tbe larval mites cue to the host's egg-layingor to contact with Water to initiate detach~nt from the host, while other.sUiRest detachment i. by chance. One author observed that crushing the hosc'shead resulted In rapid detachment by the mite, while crushing other parts ofthe body had no effect. One possibility i8 that the head crush releaseshormones from the corpora cardiae. and corpora alata located in the insect'sbrain - hormones known to be related to the host's ovarian cycle.

tn t:hesummer of 1987 1 conducted experiments wlth la'rvalArrenuru8danbyensia, a parasite oC the mosquito Coquillettidia perturbans, to teatpotential stimuli Cor det8chbent. Hite behaviour (time to drop off) waarecorded wlth reapect to the following manipulations: 1. water. 2. carbondioxide, 3. head crush, 4. abdominal crush, 5. thoracic crush, 6. headextract, 7. abdominal extract and 8. head crush with the head iaolated by neckligature. Free-{lying moaquitoes for these experiment. were caught aa theywere attracted to lights left on by late-working biologists in the rrilab atthe station. Research for this project has been completed, and 8nalysia ofdata is nearing completion. Thesis snd manuscript preparation should beginshortly.

Loct Laugbland - ftStl.u1 for 8u~~essful detach_ot of larval ArrenunJ8danbyensja mitea (roilCoqui.llettidi.perturbao. lIO'"Iu1toes"- B.Sc. (lions.)Thesis.

b08~ which the larval mites parasitize, elther odonates or dipterans.

21

Field work wee co.pleced on chi. project In 1987. Two lenerol approach ..Wer" used to addr... the quanlon or wheth"r ....Le..characteri.tlc. allpreaaedIn Cemet". are the ruault of direct I.xual eelection on teDalol a••ociatedwith female-remole competitIon, or due only to Incomplete .uppre.sion of •lralt sclect"d for In males. Field studle. examined ne.tlng parameters andthe effect of Camalo plumage variability on 881e and fe••18 bohaviour. Anaviary atudy lnve.tllatod the role of plu..,e varl.tion on do.in.ncerelatlon.hlp.. In goner.l, tho data appear to .upport the hypothe.i. thatthe.e tralta In f...le. are nonadaptl"., r.flectInl only lnco.plate.uppre••lon or ..10 trait••

~t HuM - "Sew. I Se1ectloo In 'e..le Ied-v1naed Blackbird." - H.Sc. 1:IIe811.

Nlai.tant.: Linda Dupui., Drew Hoy••k, moat .veryone.

No specific .tudie. were undertaken with thie project In 1987, but thelong terM monitoring of the populetion by marking end eea.urlnl 811 black rotnnok". encountered near the field atatlon VI' continued.

"!colo" aod leha"lour of IIlack lat SDak....

This project I. under way in conjunction with Dr. R.D. Hontlo ..rie(Queen'.). Det.ll. of reaearch durinl 1987 were presented In thl. report InDr. R.D. Hontloaerle·. reau...

"Hate Cltolce and Sa1l\lalSelection in Robins"

NI.huntl: Drew 1I0y••k, Kevin Dufour, LInd. Dupuis.

This project, now In ics third year, ia ai..d ac apply!nl .aleculerbiological technique. to deteraine patt.rna oC reproductlve .uccea., andtherefore mate choice In red-winged blackbirds. Complete blood .ampllng ofthe breeding population and their oftaprins was continued In 1981. Thelaboratory work bping done at Queen'. by Ora. 80aS and White, ha. proceeded tothe point where preliminary result. r.levant to the project'. aiml erel•• lnent. Blood .a.plins was _180 extended to Include the production ofAaear. Cor leneral blood para.ice •••pllnl' 10for..tlon lalnad Cro. the....r. will allow the deteraioation of the role of p.r••ita. In the expressionof .acondary .exu.1 characteristic. In ..ta choice. Thi. proj.ct will becontinued In 1988.

"Hate O>olce and Sexual SelectIon 10 led-vioged Blackbirda"

DR. P. WEATK!RRBAD - DeparLaent of 81010lY, Carleton Unlveralty, Ottava.

In 1987, although rloweriog began very early (Iat coroll•• were at aatheais on6 Hay 87) and conlequently, fruIting al.o belan a .onth earlier th.n usual.Thus by 20 July 1981, DO.t of the fruit had already been dllper••d.~ev.rtheleA8 only 44% of the bushel produced any fruit at all and only four.hrubs had b~twe~n 300 and ~OO berrl•• , the re.t fewer than ~O. Furthermore,mAin stema are alill dylng back LO the crown, and the emeralna b••al sprout.are oLill browled by snov-shoe hares and deer.

22

Weatherht'od, P.J., Crt'enwood, It. and R.C. Clark. Natural .electlon and .exu.l.electlon on body size In red-wlnled blackbird•• Bvolutlon 41: 1402-

We.therhead, P.J. 1987. Field tl.tln, infor..tion tren.fer In co..unallyroo.tlng birds. Ani..1 Behaviour 35: 614-615.

Te.cher, K.L., HUmd, K.E. and P.J. Weetherhead. [ati..ting f ... l••• ttleeenttrom neating d.te. Auk 105: 196-200.

Hontlomerte, R.O. and P.J. Weatharhead. Rl.k8 and rewarda of ne.t defence byparlnt birds. Quarterly Review oC Biology, In prese.

Ekert, C.C. and P.J. Weatherhead. 1981. Hale characterieticI, parentalquality and the study of mace choice In the red-winged blackbird(Agalatua phoeniceus). Behavioral ecology and Sociobiology 20: 3~-42.

Eckert, C.C. and P.J. Weatherhead. 1987. Ideal doodn.nce di8tributlon.: ate.t u.lng red-winged blackbird. (AgelaJu. phoenlceu.). BehavioralEcology and Soc1oblololY 20: 43-52.

Eqkert, C,C, and P.J. Weatherhead. 1987. Owner•• floatera and co.pectcive

J a.y...trlee a.ang territorial red-wlnled blackbirds. Ani..l SehavlourlS: 1311-1323.

Eckert, C.C. and P.J. Weatherheod. 1987. eompetltlon for terrltorie.: lareaource holding potential realized In red-winged blackbirdt?~hDvloural EcololY and Sociobiology 20: 369-31S.

PlJbllct!ona:

Robin nestlings were given identlfying ..rk. and then videotaped 10 thattheir 8OV."ot8 in respon.e to patterna of parental feedinl could ba oba.rved.Variables of intereat were the predictability of parental parch locationa atthe ne.t and how perch location aCfected the pattern of food dlatributlon tovarloua pOlltlona in the De.t. Prior to fled(1ng, nestlinga were banded andthalr .ove~nts .onltored for up to tWO week. after fledginl' The ai. of thl.aplect of the atudy was to decerodne whether there wa. brood divialon by theparent8 and how fledgling .ove..ntt affected parental (ora,lns patt.rnt beforeand after fledging.

Su..n HcRae - "Reatllog and fled8110l Behaviour of Aadean Robiu" - I.Se.Thedl ••

Studies eonducted outllde the breedlnK sea.on have shown that trappin,method. chat rely on food or decoYI dilproportionately capture birdl that areyounler Qnd In poorer condition. To deteraine whether theae bialea petailteddurlnR the bre~ding 8ea.on (when rood .hould be abundant), and in a brood­paraaitle species (that i. paylnp no coet tor parental care), cowbird. caughtthroughout the breeding leaaon In decoy trap. were co.pared with tho.e caulhtby och~r means. The data indicate that ale and condition biale. do peraiat,and that overlaying these biaacs are pattern•• pacific to .ex and habitat.

~yln Dufour - "Decoy Trap liaae. In Irovn-headed Covbir4e" - I.Se. The.ll.

Aa.I.tant: Linda Dupuis

23

The .Ize range of orS8ni8ma studied at the Biolog1cal Station wesexpanded wIth the Introduction or bacteriological inve.tll_cions thi. 8um.er.Dr. Wyndh•• •• work at the Unlver.ity of Toronto had uncovered a .train of acoamon .urCace water bacteriu•• Alcalisene., capable of desrading 3-chlorobenzoate which is a chlorInated orlanlc molecule Intermediate ln thebreokdo~n oC herblcidea. PCB', and related compounds. this straln, naeedAlcaligene. ~ 8R60. evolved In the Niagara region In contaminated woters 3ndahovs potencl.l a. a blololtcal agent for waate vater cleanup. It. abilIty tosurvIve ln natural coaaunltte. othar than it. place of orl,ln i8 unknown, 80the object of research I. to deteraine the .urvlval characterlstic. of BI60under a range of chlorobenEoate contaaination condition.. The QUBS 8t8tionwa. choaen boc.u.e of It. lurrace waler chemi.try .nd becau8e of theavallabillty or • convonlent toxicolosy facilIty. Thl. facility wa. u.ed toset up natural water ..aocoa.. receiving dirCerent concentration. oCchlorobenEoate. The .urvival of 8R60 va. tr.cked uBing .peclfic DNA probe••

Prellmlnary experiaents carrled out In .u...r of 1987 lndicate that thebacteria per.t.t in natural watera evon in tho abeence of chlorobenl03tecontamination ond chat genetic ..tert_l i. tr.nafered fro. 8160 to otherbacterl.l apecie. within the coaaunity. The nalure of thi. genetle transrerand It. Impllcatlons for the u.e of .peciallzed bacteria In vaate watercleanup are being lnveltlgated. and more refined ...oco•• experiment. areplanned (or the co.ing .ummer.

Roberta Pull:horpe- "Studies OD the .urn ..al of a )--a.lorobe""08tedegradingbacteria In natural vater .y.e.....

DR. R.C. WYNDHAM - Department of Biology. Carleton UniversIty. Ottawa.

Hu....K.E. 1988. Sexual .election in feule red-vtnaed blackbird•• H.Se.The.i.. Depart..nt or 8iology, Carleton University. Ottava. Ontaeio.

McRae. S. 1987. He8tling and fledallng behaviour of ADtrican robin•• 8.Sc.Thesl•• Deportment or 8iology, Carleton Univer8ity, Ott.wa, Ontlrlo.

Dufour. K. 1987. Decoy tr.p bI•••• in beown-h.aded cowbird.. 8.Sc. Theail.Oep.rt~nt oC BIology. Carleton Univer.ity, Ottawa. Ontario.

1403.Weatherhead. P.J. and K.L. Teather. 1987. The paradox of .ge-rel.ted

doainance in brown-headed cowbird.. Can.dian Journ.l of Zoology 65:2354-23S8.

Thue.:

Hay 17 - IIU8' 20Ian Seith(Queen 'a)

May 17 - lIug.20"Hf chad FOlt(Queen 'e)

Plah Co.aunlty Ecologyof BeavIII r Pond,

May 8 - July 31Michelle Flatter.(Queen'.)

Hay I-Sept, 5Co.aunity Ecol08Y ofFish and Songbird.

Dr, J.II, Kent(Queen'.)

OccaalonalJohn-Paul Silouln(Queen 'a)

Bruce Benderaon(Queen',)

Population Ecology andHerbivory of Skipper.

OccadonalOccaalonal

Effects of Crexlna onOld Pield Succ••alon

Or. A, Crowder andDr. R. Har..en(Quun '.l

Occ8810nalVytenis Gotceita.(Queen',)

Predator Avoidancetn PJ&hu

Oec8,IonalWane Cabora(Queen's)

Behavioural Co.parilon.of KiIIICi.h Populations

OccaatonalC.rolyn Welch(Queen 'a)

HabitatIon of PredatorySti....11 In IC.Hl1Cilh

OcculonalPield Etholol)'ofFishea

Dr. P.W. Colgen(Queen'.)

Occaalonal

Occa.lonolGarry Epp(Queen'a)Stan Va.illau.ka.(Queen'.)

Co.petition InCrassland Plant.

Oeca.ionalCOmpetitive AblillYin plants

Dr. L. I\jIruen(Queen '.)

Kreldenc),Studenta andArUllation

Project TitleProject Sur~rvl.orand Aff!lIat!un

Table 4: Su"'ry or ReseArch use at Queen'. University Biological Station 1987.

Hay 10-17June 14-23

Je.aie Dealauriera(Queen'.)

Pheobe BehaviouralReaponaea to Cowblrda

Hay 1 - Aug. 23Lta. Venier(Queen'a)

Apr. 20 - July 16Catherine Vardy(Queen'.)

Apr. 29 - Sept.Wally Rendell(Queen'.)

Apr. 15 - Aug. 27Monica Mather(Queen'.)

Hay I - Sept. 58reedlng Strat8gleain 8irda

Dr. R.J. Robertson(Qut'~n'a)

Occadon.)Eble It.reba(Queen',)

P•• Sinclair(Queen'8)

OcceaLonalNeighbour-StrangerRecognition tn Chickadees

Dr. L. Ra~cllr(e(Queen'a)

Hay 8 - 27Ita ren 80Ider(QuJ!en'.)

Hay 8 - 17Tar80 Pold..(Queen'.)

June 9 - July 12El.te Krebs(Queen'a)

Tracey Tho.paon(Queen'.)

Hay 1 - Aug. 1Sexual S~l~ctlon andParental Care In Robins

Dr. R.D. Hontgo~erje(Queen'a)

RuldencyStudenu endAffllluion

Project TitleProject Supurvlsor.nd Afr III.t Ion

Tabl~ 4 (continued)

Hay 26 - July 31Julie Clausaen(INHS)

Colony For..tloD andReproductiv. Effort InBlueSlll

Hay 26 - July 31Genetic Aspect. ofBluegill Reproduction

Dr. D.P. Philipp(Iliinol. NaturalHlltory Survey)

July 2 - 7Ron Cole..n(U of T)

Ocea.lonalEvolutionary Ecology ofFish Reproduetion

Dr. H.R. Gro..(U.of Toronto)

June I - Sept. 10Hike StonemanCaptive Studies of aSubstrate-gleaning Bat

Hay 8 - July ,Hechanoreeeptor Orlains Jayne Yackof in.ect Auditory Sy.te .. (Erindal. - U of T)

Dr. Ceorae Boyan July 2 - 31(Auatrallan HatlonalUni venIty)

Functional Or8ani&atlonof Hoth Anditory Sy.te.

Hay 9 - July 29Insect Heuroathol08Yand Senaory Physiology

Dr. J. Pullard(Erlndale - U. ofToronto)

Hay 18- Aug. I]David Ball(Queen'.)

OccaeionalOcca.ional

Haternal ear..InTr.."hopper.

Dr. A. Fnrayth andDr. H. Wood (Bio­By.tematic. Re.earchIn.cltute)

Hay 9 - July 31Hichelle Platters(Queen'.)

Zooplankton Co.aunltle.in Beaver Ponds

OcessionalDiatomB a8 Indicator.of Lake Trophic Status

Dr. J. SIlO I(Queen's)

ResidencyStudent. andAffiliation

Projeet TitleProject Supcrvl.orand A(flJlat!on

Table 4 (continued)

Apr. 1 - AuS. 14Drew Moy.ak(Carleton)

Apr. 24 - July 21Hate Choice and SexualSelection In Red-wingedBlackbirda

Dr. P. Weatherhead(Carleton)

Occ..lonalDoaography of Pinuarigida and Vacclnluacoryaboaua

Dr. S. Vander Kloot(Acadia)

- 3,- 14

JuneJuly

Structural Patholosy Patti Ramseyof Para.ltized Chlronoaida CU.N.B.)

Hay 16 - Sept. ILori LauShlandCU.N.B.)

Stiaull for DetachaentoC Larval Mitn

Hay 4 - Sepe • IVanda CookCU.N.B.)

Reproductive Strate.le.aaon. Fe..le Hite.

Hay :I - Sept. IWater Hite Para,ltiaaof Aquatic Inlecta

Dr. B.P. Salth(U. of New Brun,wtck)

Project Sup~rvl.or Project Tit Ie Studenu and lealdenc),and Mfillation Affllhtlon

Pa. Austin Hay 30 - July 20(U. of Illinois)

Desarae Bushong Hay 30 - July 20CU. of 1111no18)

MorGOnal Analy.l. of Pawel 1t1ncUer June 1 - July 14Male Blueglll durin, (INNS)Spawning

John Reink.e Hay 30 - July 20(U. of Ullnol.)

Intraspecific Hybrldla- Blake Itonkle Jun. 9 - July 15ation between Bluellil CINHS)and Pumpkinaeed

Anna ToHne June 9 - July 15(U. of Toronto)

Table 4 (continued)

Project Supervisor Project Title Students lind Residencyand At r lI18tlon Affiliation

Ecology and Behaviour Linda Dupuis "ay I - July 31of Black Rat Soskes (Carlecon)

Decoy Trap Biases io Kevin Dufour Apr. 15 - Aug. 17Brown-headed Cowbirds (Carleton)

NestHng and Fledgling Susan McRae Apr. 24 - Aug. 9Behaviour of Robins (Carleton)

SeMuel SelectIon In Kit KUIII8 Apr. 1 - Sept. IFemale Red-winged (Carleton)Bhockbi cds

Dr. Wyndha," OccasionAl(Carleton)

Roberta Fulthorpe June 7 - Sept. 4(Carleton)

Table 4 (continued)

Sheila Haclle (U. of Alb~rt.)Chris Eckert (H.N.R.)Tracey BurtonLorne Wolfe (U. of 1111nola)Dr. W. ~d.ond (S.U.N.Y.)Br.nt Charland (U. of Victoria)Dr. P. Cregory and F••ily (U. of Victoria)Dr. R.D. Oliver (Biosystematlca Research In.titute)Valerie Palda {Queen's}Barbar. MarlinHargaret Bellharz (U. of Helbourne, AustraUa)Dr. S.E. Frey (U. of Indiana)Janet Cox (Queen'a)Dr. To.bi Singh (U. of Hlnlpur, India)Dr. HJko Azuaa (Nagasaki Univaralty)Bridget Stutchbury (Yale)Ha.16h HclntoahSandy ConnellDr. P.M. Johanaen (Queen'a)Sean Sharpe (Queen's)Dr. CreenLenore FahrllDr. C. WhitlDr. R. WaltendorfDr. C. KroegerAndrew Heaon (U. of T. - Erlndale)Hyron S.ith (U. oC T. - Erind.le)Hlchelle Venanc.Liz DobaonJohanne Ranser (Pelee taland NatioDal Park)Jane WateonJennieer Templeton (Queen'a)Caroline Dunlop (Queen's)H. Lisle Clbb, (U. of Mlchls.n)Dr. Ji. SutCLiffe (Queen'.)Bud StrawbrldleShannon HcCorquodalePeS8Y Latt.erAlan DufourHike !!.lieacII...Andre RudnickyCharles RendellJean Cr~l& (Queen'a)Dr. J. Mlchs.l 8riatowDr. Ceor,e Wlllla .. (S.U.N.Y.)LInda Fle.ln,Sharon F1e.lnsSharon StonemanWll t L<l .. boDoug Henard8.rbsra Hl1d.rRoun RounlukYv•• Larlv(I!re

Oth~r Visitora to QUBS 1987

Sue end Nick AlcockPrank Rohwer and Faadly (Queen's)Jl. HountJoyTed Joena and FaallyCharlotte LondonPerry Johnson-CreeD (queen's)Kevin Teather (Carleton)Jiao eo..plakHichael lIarrlaon and FaedlyPany RiveraTim Tho.peonAndere KrauaDon FrankH nCary Hallen (H.N.R.)Or. Ken Budd (Queen's)Horlan HullJenni( er SillthFran and Peter ThO~80D

"- --- -----.--

(Part-time and full-time 8upport staff excluded Crom above figures)

Table S (continued)

Supervisor Graduate Student As8istant Tot.l

Internal

Queen's:

Asrasen 0 121 II 132Colgan 0 6 3 9Crowder I 2 3 7Kar1ll8en 13 13 10 36Johansen 7 6 6 19Kea8t 129 61 147 337Montgomerie 93 20 146 259Ratcliffe 2 0 88 90Robertson 112 166 347 625Smal I I I 3SutcliHe 2 0 9 II

Total Internal 360 396 772 1528

Total External 398 419 1100 1917

Grand Total 758 815 1872 3445

X Queen's 47.5 48.6 41.2 44.4

% External 52.5 51.4 58.8 S5.f>

User-days in teaching activities: 1476

Miscellaneous User-dsys (vi8itora, families of researchers, field tripparticipants) I 1260

Oct 16 - 18Yoga Weekend 9Dr. J.J. Ha_(Queen'.)

Oct 8Faculty Wive. Aa.oclatloD 8Field Trip

Mary Brodie

Oct 6EnvironDCntal Studl.. 17Fleld Trip

ROler Lupton(Leul1. II.S.)

Oct 2 - 4Bio 202 (Ecology) 69Field Trip

So.n Sharp.eQueen'. )

Cr. 13 Ecology Field Trip 30Roa. Jonoa(La.. !!e H.5.)

Sept 18 - 20

Sept 29

LI.nology Pield Trip 15Dr. D. Mcqueen

July 18Ottawa O.-Que.n'a Ph,.lolol1 45Conference

Dr. Peter Zar&eckl(Queen'a)

Ottawa Field Naturaliata 49Peter Hall July 12

July 1681010gy Specialiat courae 6(MacArthur ColI.) Pield Trlp

H••lth Hclntoah

June 1540Fire EKtlnsuiaher CourseBob Bell(Queen 'a Safety)

Apr 21 - 28Department.l Retreat 35Dr. C.P. Morria(Quet'n'.)

Apr 25 - Kay 2Cer..n Lenguase 30l_raion Field CaIOp

Dr. W. R~ev..(Queen '.)

Feb 6 - 8[tallan Club 8Weekend

Or. D. "atlanuttl(Queen 'a)

Jan 30 - Feb I8io 439 (Populat10n 12Eeology) We.~and

Or. R. Har.en(Que.n 'a)

Jan 16 - 18Statlon Reunion 12III t Hu..(Carleton)

Jan 9 - 11810 202 (Ecology) 10Wee}tend

She! la 1141cC I"(Queen '8)

Durationfunction No. of ParticipantaOrlanl&e,.

Tabl. 6: Su... ry of Conferenee. Me.tinl and Field Trip Ole of Queen'a OnlveraltyBlolOllcal Station - 1981.

Sean Sharpe 8io 202 (Ecology) 65 O<:c23 - 25(Queen's) Pield Trip

Ceorg~ Lamarcra(t Working Session on 5 Oct 28 -29(5. Grenville Dlsc. Needs of Spe<:ialStudentsH.S.)

Jocelyne Devl-Leyton Yoga Workshop 8 Dec 13

DurationNO. of ParticipantsFunctionOrganizers

Table 6 (continu~d)

"8ata & Things"

"Pumpkinaeed Crowth. 'eedinl (, Life HhtoryIn 8eaver Pond,"

"DellOlraphlc Con.equence. or lIaturalSelection"

12 AUluSt Mike Ston~manU. of T.

5 Aulust Klchael FoxQueen'.

29 July Dr. Gaor.e C. Willia ..S.U.II.Y. Stony Brook

Honours Student Sympostum - Hichele Platter •• Sue HcRae. ten Salth.LI'a Venier. Wally Rendell, Kevin Dufour

"8reedi ns Tact Ics of Peule Rodwinls"

"lieurona I Sel_ntation 6 DevelOpoaeDt inthe Inaect"

"Punkai ce: Vhy Breed Early 1"

"Conch Genetic. (, Belize TraYl!losue"

"P•• diol Apparatus of Water Mltes"

"A Sheep in Wolf's Clothin."

"The Black Rat Snake: KnowThine Ene",y"

"Delayad Breedinl. Polypny, andInfantleide: Pacultative ReproductiveTactlca of Tree Swallow,"

tlA.t rono_'"

"Hllh Arctic LianololY"

"Paleolimnology & Add Rain"

Kit HuaaCarleton

Or. Georle 1I0yanAu.tralla (A.II.U.)

Sean Sharpe

Julie Clau .. en.t11inoh t. PatWeatherhead.Carleton

Or. 11111 RedllOndS.U.II.Y. St. PaUl's.lIew York

Monica ~th.rQueen 'a

Dr. Pat WeatherheadCarleton

27 July

20 July

IS July

8 July

I July

24 June

17 June

10 June

19 May Or. John SIlO 1Queen 'a

21 May Or. John SIlOIQueen' •

26 Hay Terenc~ Olck~naon

3 June Or. Ralellh RobertsonQueen 'a

Tabl~ 7: Queen'. Unlyeraity Blolocical Statlon Sealnar Schedule 1987.

r

Lf ,utrlclonl re.earch funds are not av.!lable, bench fees may be reduced orwaived upon wrItten applIcation to the Director.

S3.8l/day - Uon-Queen's atarC or ..jor reaearcher (H.Sc., Ph.D. candidate,project coordinator or Po.t-doctora) Fellow)

SI.31/day - each non-Queen'. aeltetant

Bench Peu

SI50/80, $65/wk - include ... intenance on boat. and ..tora- gas and oil not Included ln rental fee

Whltehouae (OoraJtory, Curran Cottage (.ulti)Cabins 1-7, 9, 10, 12, 13 end ShakerCabins S (If aolo), II Bnd White Houae apartmentKeeat, Earl, and Suac Cottag...

Accommodation Type

Boat Rental

0%5%

LOX15%

Surcharge

Fe.a for conferences are negotiated directly with the ..nager or dlractor,Acco.modatlon Surcharges (applied aa additional % to above chargee).

include,", obltA_ll tun for chor.:v un a rut"tlng "cht'dul,.no oblLg3tlon fur chore.Including weekend, ego Fi~ld courses (include. a lab ree)2~hr. room Bnd board (Includes .eals , overnight, no chnree)breakCut onlylunch onlydinner onlyovernight accommodation - acadeodc purposes - no food -Queen'sovernight accommodation - acade8ic purpoaea - no food -non-Queen'sovernight acc0880dation - nonacade81c purpoa.a - no food -Queen'sovernight acco880datlon - nonacadeaic purposea - no eood -non-Queen '.

$ 20.00

s 12.00

s 12.00

52)0/ ....5J1H ...513Hwk$ IS/dayS 3.2S$ 3.2~$ b.SO$ 7.50

Acco..odatJon - Roo. and)Board

Table 8: Fee Schedule for 1988

ARNOLD. S. 19~6. Reproductive plttarna of dartec. (Pereida.:Etheo.to..tonl): Fe..le ..te chOice and patterna oC allocation ofraproductlve effort. H.Se. th.aia, Oapartaent of 8ioiOlY, Qu~tn'.Unlv.r.ity. Klng.ton, Ontario.

A~UNDRUD, J. R. 1970. Ecolollc81 Interrelationship. oC the lprya~ oCPtrclfor. flah In Lak~ Oplnloon, Ontario. H.Sc. theala, Oepart..nt of810\olY. Queen'. Unlver.lt1, Klnl.ton, Ontario.

H.Sc. THESES:

VANDER KLOCT, S.P. 1971. The North A.erlcan Blueberrie. revi.ited: Ata.onoalc .cudy of Viccinlul .~ctlon cyanococcu8 Cray. Ph.D. th••ta,Dep.rt.ent of 8ioiolY, Queen'. Unlverllty, Kingston, Ontario.

STUDD, H.V. 1987. Alternatlva .tratell•• oC allocation oC reproductiveettort In Yellow Warblar.. Ph.D. the.I., Oepact.ent of 81010g1, Queen'.Unlvtulty, King.ton, Ontario.

oC ~tnmorphI8. In high grade p~llt•• Cro. theClnada, calculated Cro. experlaental andPh.D. the.I., Oeparc.ent oC Ceologlc.1 Science.,

LONKER, S. 1979. CondltlonaFront.nAc Axis, Ontario,theor_tlcAI equilibria.HoIrv.rdUnlv.

of r~producclv.Ph.D. th..I.,

CROSS, H. R. 1980. Spxual selection and the avolotion.tc.tegl•• In lunflahu. (Lepoai.: Centrarchldae).Oapnctment or Biology, Unlv. oC Utah.

COTCEITAS, V. 1981. Hicrohabitat lelectlon by bluegilll (Lepo.l•..crochlrua) avoidIng predatlon. Ph.D. theals, Depart..nt of BIology,Queen', University, Klngaton, OntarIo.

FULLARD, J. H. 1979. Auditory coaponent8 In the defensive behavIour ofcertain ty.panate 8Otha. Ph.D. theatl, Oepart.ent of 8iology, CarletonUnlveralty, Ottawa, OntarIo.

CAVALCA~t, R. B. 1981. N~.ldeaertlon: Theory aod teata of Ita adaptiveallnltlcance In birda. Ph.D. theal., Departmeot of 81010IY, HcCl11Unlveraity, Nontreal, P.Q.

atudy of behavioural ontoleny In foorPh.D. thesla, Department oC 81010gy,Ontario.

1983. A cOGparatlveof centrarchld flah•University, Kingston,

BR01¥N,J. A.• p.. et esQuelln's

thula.1981. Intcrindlvldu41 use of echolocation callalby the Little Brown Bat, Hyotis lucifugua. Ph.D.810logy, Carleton Unlv~r8Ity, Ottawa. Ontario.

BARCLAY, R. H. R.EavesdroppingDepart"",ntof

Updated Karch IS, 1988.Pll.O n11lS8S:

Queeo's Uolveralty 'Iolo,lcst StationList of Theaea

COUTTS, R. A. 1972. The develop ..nt of a technique to deteraine ioaect'pecle, (rom a[oaach conteDta and fecea of aoae bat•• H.Sc. th•• I.,Deportment of Biol08Y, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ont.rl0.

CO~PLAX, J. A. 1982. R&latloD.hlp between lake type and the perfor..nce(growth, body condition, feedina patternl) of Cour littoral &ono fllh.pecie,. H. SC. ~h.al., Oepart.ont of Bloloay, Queen" Univeraity,Klngaton, Ontario.

COLEHA~, R. 1986. Parental inve.tment theory: Teate In bluegill aunfiah(~pomi •• 8crochiru8: Centrarchidae). H.Sc. the.ia, Department of8iology, Sleon Fra.er Univeraity, Burnaby. Brltiah Columbia.

CLARKE, S. e. 1979. Compari80n of courtshlp aequences in parental and hybridaunfl,h (Lopom18 app.): Evidence for a behavioural iaolatinl mechanl•••H.Sc. theata, 08partaent oC 8iolo,y, Queeo'a Univer.tty, Kins.ton,Oneaeto.

CLARK, K. L. 1978. The ,elective advantagea oC Yellow Warblera (Dendroicapetechia) neatlnl in 10terapeclCIc aggregatioDs. H.Sc. theala,Depart..nt oE 8JololY, Queeo'a University, Kiogston, Ontario.

BROWN, S. R. 1952. So.. aapecta oC lake aoila io relation to theproductivity of a lake. H. A. the,ia, Depart..nt oC Blolo81, Queao'.UniverSity, Xing.ton, Ontario.

BROWN, K. t. 1977. feedinl and ,rowth perfor..nce of Yallow Perch (PereaElavescena) in relatioo to dlfferlol back,round. of reaourcea andpotential competitor .pecie.. H.Sc. the.I., Department of B10lo,y,Queen'. University, King.ton, Ontario.

BOTTOMLEY, t.Z. 1983. The effect of root uptake by Myriophyllum .picatua L.on teaporal and apatlal distributions of bioavailable pho.phoru. In alittoral .edlment. H.Sc. theal., Department ot 8iololY, CarletonUnlverelty, Ottawa, Ontario.

8ooTH, D. 1984. Eneraetlca, feedinl and growth in year 11 bluegill. (~poaialIac[ochirua) ralative to se••on. H.Sc. theala, Depart.ant ot 8iolo&1,Qu~en'. Univeraity, King.ton, Ontario.

1978. nabitat diatrlbution of the Eaatern liogbltd (!rrannu.Th. influence of intra.pecific cOllpetition. H.Sc. thea.a,

of Biology, Queen'. Univeralty, lingeton, Ont.rio.

BLANCHeR. P. J.tyraonus) :Depart_nt

BARCLAY, R. H. R. 1918. Vocal co~munleatlon and aoetal bahaviour of theLiltle Brown Bat, Hyoti8 lucifulu (Chiroptara: Veapartlilonldae).H.Sc. theala, Depart.ent of Blology. Carleloo Unlyaraity, Ottawa,Ontario.

BALLANTYNE, P. K. 1976. Sound production durlnl agoni.tic and reproductivab~h.viour in tbe Pu~kin.e~d (~pomi. sibboaus), the Bluegill (~..crochirus) and thelr hybrid auntlah. H. Sc. theata. Depart..nt ofBiology, Queen'. Unlveraity, Kin,aton, Ontario.

HENDERSON, J.B. 1986. The european skipper (Thymclicu8 11ne01a): populationecology end herbivory in an old-fleld commUnity. M.Sc. theSis,Deportment of Biology, Queen'. University, Kingston, Ontario.

HARKER, J. H. 1976. Prey 8electlon relative to availability end 8It~: Acompari8on oC the feeding of four inahore fiah a8semblages, LakeOplnicon. Ontario. H.Sc. thesi8, Deparlmunt of Blo}ogy, Queen'sUnIversity. Kingston, Ontario.

GRANT, J. W. A. 1980. Territoriality, reproduccive 8ucceS8 and mate choiceIn the Johnny Darter (Etheostoma nlsrum R8(ln~squo). H.Sc. chesla,Department oC Biology, Queen's Univeraity, Kingston, Ontario.

GERRISH, N. 1981. Some a8pect8 of the selection of odon.te host species byArrenurus water mites (Acari hydrachnelloe) In Lake Opinleon, Ontario.H.Se. chesis, Department of Zoology, University of Toronto, Toronco,Ontario.

FUI.LARD,J. H. 1976. A prelhunscy study oC sounds produced by arctild!!Ioths.H.se, theaIs, Department of Biology, Ca rIeton Unlverslty, Ottawa,Oncario.

SPP, G. 1986. Attributes of competitive ability and local coexistence in ~wodJfferent-aged hayflelds. H.Sc. theeIs, Depact~ent of 8iology, Queen'sUniversity, Kingston, Ontario.

&H80RSKY, S. J. 1911. Feeding ond growth of the 81ueglll Sunfish (Lepom18maerochJrus RaflnBsque) In Lake Opinicon, Ontario. H.Sc. theeia,Departmon~ of Biology, Queen'. Univeralty, KIngecon, Ont8~lo.

ECKERT, C.G. 1985. The law of battle and polygyny In the red-.rtngedblackbird. H.Se. theals, Department of Biology, Carleton Univer.ity,Ottawa, Ontario.

DUNLOP, C. 1987. A comparison of antlpredator behaviour In two populationsof the Banded Kllllfish (FUnduluB diaphanulI). H.Sc. thuh, Departmentof Biology, Queen's University, ~~ng8ton, Ontario.

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SHITH. P.C. 1978. So~ a.peets of the biology and taxooo.y of Hyriophyllumpopulationa in Lake Oplnlcon (Bastern Ontario). 8.Sc. th.ata, Departmentof Biology. Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia.

SECALL. S.L. 1971. An investigatioo of the .ort.tity ractora of aMalacoao.. diaatria Hbo. population. B.Se. thesis. Depart.eot ofBiology. Queen'a University. Kingston, Ontario.

wy~)lE-EOWARI)S.K.E. 1981. The IILlllzntlonof benthic lnYertebratlt reeou•.:.bythe ftsh populatIon of Sunflah Lake. Waterloo. Ootarlo. B.Se. theat.,Dap.rteent o[ Biology, Quean'. University. KlngstoD, Ontario.

WOODSIDE, D.P. 1975. So~ RRpcct4 of thQ feeding ecology of six .peeleR ofbat4 at Lake Oplnlcon. Ontario. 8.Sc. thesis. Depart.ent of 81010gy,Carlton UniverSity. OtlaWa, Ontario.

W£RI!SU8, L. 1950. PreU.lnary work In phy8lolog1cal .nd ecologlc"I Hildie.of vegetation at Queen', Unlverllty Biological St8tlon. Charfey'. Lock.Ontario. 8.Sc. theste, DepartDOnt of Biology, Queen'. UnlYarltLY,Klng'ton, Ontario.

WEBB. D.E. 1964. ThO!structural and runctlonal features related to the foodand feeding habits of the flahea of Lake Oplntcon. 8.Se. thual••Dftpart~nl of Biology. Quc~n'. University. Kingston, Ontario.

WARD. P.S. 1973. 'rheeffects of onyl ronilltntaldl8turb.nce on Ipeel..dlv.ralty and apecleg abundanco petterns In • taxocene of phytophagousInsecta. B.Sc. theal., Deparl~nt of 810logy, Queen's Unlyerllty,Klnracon, Ontario.

IJALLAC£,C. 1985. HalO!parelltllIcue In Red...,ingedBlackblrd. (Agel"lu8phoonlceus). B.Se. thclIllI,Dep.rt....ol of Btology, Queen'y Unlv~nlty.Kingston, Ontario.

\"ITTORIO.P.U. 19411. fungi .trucklng COr.·6t tr"e. In the Oplnleon .rea withparticular r~ference to White Pine BII.ler ruat. 8.Sc. th~ala,Dep~rl."nt of Biology, Qu~l!n'.Unlvenlty, Xing.ton , Ontado.

VILLENEUVE, S. 1982. P"rental lnve.t~nt as exhibited by the Rose-breBstedGrosbeak (Pheueticus ludovlelaous). B.Se. theg1s, Depart8ent of liology,Qu,~n'. University, Klng.ton, Ontario.

Be.chel, R. E., P. J. Webber and R. Tippett. 1962. Woodl.nd tr.nl.ct. oC thefrontenac Axil reglon, OntArio. Ecol. 43: 386-396.

Cr.dJent .n.ly.i. In .~a.p (or.lt••1962.P.J. Webber.207-209.

Be.chel, I.E•• ndN.t"re 194:

1955. A blolollc.1 Iurvey of terrestrtal vertebrate. at LakeUnpublilhed report.

hndu It, J. f.Oplnlcon.

aellolood,J.J. and H.a. Penton. 1916. V.rlatlon In the dlel of Hyothlucifu8ua (Chlroptera:V ••pertltlonldae). Can. J. Zool. 541 1674-1678.

8.rclay, R.M.R. and D.W. Tho~.. 1979. Copulation call of Hyoti. luclfu8u,:A d!.cretc, sltuatlon-ep.clflc co~munlcatlon .Ignal. J. Ma... I. 60:632-1, •

B.rcl.y, R.H.R., ~.B. Fenton and D.V. Tho.... 1919. Socl.1 bph.vlour of thelittle bro~ bal, "lOti. luclfuSUI. rl Voc.l co..unlc.tlon. Beh.v.Ecol. Soc1oblol. : 1)7-146.

B.llantynu, P. K. and Colg.n, P. 1918. Sound production dur!ns .gonl.tlc .ndreproductive bebavlour In the pu~kln.eed (Lepoml. glbbo.ue, the blueslll(L... crocblrua), and lh.lr hybrld .unfl.h. Ill: Reapon.e. Blol. ofB;h.v. 1: 221-212.

Baltantyne, P. K. nnd Col,,,n, 1'. 1918. Sound production durin, asonlstlc lindruproductl.c behaviour In th~ pumpkinsoed (tepo.is 81bbo.u8, the blueslll(L... crochlrus), And th~lr hybrid 8unflsh. ttl Reclpienl~. BioI. ofBehav. 1: 207-220.

aall.ntyn~, P. K. and Col,an, P. 1918. Sound production during a,onfstlc andreproductive behaviour ln thu puepkln.eed (tepoads ,ibboau.) the blue,lll(L• .acrochirus), and their hybrid 8unfl.h. 1: Context. 8101. of&Ph.v. 3: 113-13S.

Amundrud, J.R., D.J. Faber and A. Ke,at. 1974. Seasonal aucce.llon of Cree­.~I••\n, P~rcifor. larvae In Lake Oplnlcon, Ontario, J. Fish. Re•. Rd.Can. 11: 166t-166S.

Alvo, R. 1981. Marsh neatlng of Co..on Loon. (Cavia i~er). Can. field-Nat.9S, 3S7.

Abraha..., H.V. and P.W. Col,a". 1987. F18h 8choo16 and theIr hydroclyn..,icfunctIon: A re8n81YIII. Env , 8101. Fl8hea 20: 19-80.

Abr.h... , H.V., and P.W. Col.an. 198~. Risk of predation, hydrudyna.lceHlctency and thelr Inrtul!nceon school atructure. En•• 8101. Ftehes11: 19S-202.

Updated Karch IS, 1988.

Queen'. Unlver.lty Biological ScationLilt of Publicatiooa

Brown. J.4 •• nd P.W. CoIBan. 1982. Tho In.hore vertical dl.trlbuclon ofyoun,-o(-year Lepo.!. In Lake Oplnlcon, Ontario. Copeie 1982: 957-960.

Brown, J.A. and P.W. Colsan. 1981. The u•• of lacer.l-body bar aarklng. InId~ntl(lcatlon of 10unl-o(-y ••r lunfl.h Lepo'!s In Lak~ Oplnlcon.Ont.rlo. Can. J. Zool. 59: 1852-1855.

Brown, J.A. 1984. Tho adapclve .Ignlrlc.nc~ of behaviour.1 ontogony In .o~~c;!ntr"rcMd fbhe.. Env. Biot. Vi.h •• in preas.

Brown, J.A. 1984. Parental cnre Rnd the ontogeny of predator avoidance Intwo apeclos of centrnrchld fttlh. Ani•• Bchev•• in "re88.

8rl'tow, J.H., A.A. Crowder, H.R. KinS. ftndS. Vandee Kioet. 1977. TheIrowth of aquatic macrophytes in the Bay of Qulnte prior to pho,ph~tcr.coval by tertlery '~wagc lr••t.~nt (1975-1976). Nalurallete C.n. 104:465-473.

8rl.tow, J.H. 1974. Nitrogen ([xallon In lhe rhizoaphere of fre,hw.ter.nalo.peras. Can. J. Bot. 52: 217-221.

Booth, O.J. and A. Keast. 1986. Growth ~nergy partitioning by juvenIlebluo,lIl sunfish. !.epoah IlAcrochlru. Raflneaque. J. Flah. 8101. 28:37-4S.

Booth, D. and A. Keast. 1985. Bioenergetics o( year 1 BluegIll, ft.eoftonnlstudy. J. nah Biology 12: 23-1 i ,

Blancher, P. J. and R• .I. Robprtaon. 1985. A cOlOp8risono( E.ltern Kingbirdbreeding biology In lakeshore and upland habltat. Can. J. 7.001.63:2105-2312.

Blancher, P.J. and R.J. Robertlon. 1985. Site con61atency In Kingbirdbreeding perfor..nce: I.pllcet[ona [or lice fidelity. J. Ani•• fcol.54(): 1017-1027.

Blancher, P.J. and R.J. Robertlon. 1985. Predation In re18tlon to .paclng ofKingbird neats. Auk 102: 654-658.

Blenche., P.J. and R. J. Robert.on. 1984. Responle to Peck. Wlleon Bull.96: 142.

Blancher. P.J. end R.J. Robertson. 1982. A double-brooded I:olternKingbird.Willon Bull. 94: 212-2[1.

does (t deter1982. Kingbird aggression:929-930.

BI.ncber, P.J. and R.J. Robertaon.predation? Ant.. 8enev. )0:

BI~r.ann, C.C •• nd R.J. Robert.on. 1983. Realdual reproduct[~e value andparental Inv"t_nt. Anla. 8ehav. )1(1): 311-112.

Bler..nn. C.C. and R.J. Robertaon. 1981. AD Increase In par.nLal Inveat..ntduring tb~ breeding ae••on. Ani•• 8ehav. 29: 487-489.

Col,an, P.W. 1974. Buryln8 experl..ntl with the banded klillfl.h, Funduluedhphanu •• Copel•• 1974 (I): 2~8-259.

Plrentll lnveetlMneBehavlour.l !cololY and

Col...n, R.C., H.R. Cro.¥ end R.C. Saraent. 1985.decision rule.: A teet In blue,lll .unCl,h.Socloblology l8: 59-66.

1985. Perentel inv8¥tmentBahey. Eco1. and Socloblol. 171

c.:,lellllln,R.H., '1.R.Croa. end R.C. Saraent.decl.lon ruleR and the Coneorde Cal.ey.43-..s.

Clarke. S. E., P. W. Colgnn And N. P. Le.tar. 1984. Courtahlp .equencuA Andethological isolation ln LWQ ~p~ci•• of .unflsh (Lepo~i. IPP.) and theirhybrids. Behaviour 91: 93-114.

ClArk, K.L. and R.J. Robert.on. 19B1. COwbird parl.ltl•• and evolution of.ntl-p.r.~ite atrate81•• In the Yellow Warbler. Wilson Bulletin 93:249-258.

Clark, K.L. and R.J. Robertson. 1979. Spltial and te.po~el .ultl-apaclelnUltlns 4ggregations In blrds .e entl-Plre.lte and Intl-predltord.r.n.... Behav. Ecol. Soeloblot. S: 359-371.

Chu., K.E., J.C.E. Rlotte, and C. Cilmour. 1976. 1nvestlgation oC .electedepeel•• of the genua Or8yle. Jour. Re~.Lepid. l5: 215-224.

Ch.pleau, F. Ind A. Keast. Evolution of th~ Pleutonectlforeus (flltfiahee).C.n. J. Zool., In pres••

Cardone, B. and J.M. Fullard. 1987. Sexual dlaorphls. In the auditorych~racteristlc$ oC the 8Yp~y moth. Phy•• Ent., In pre•••

arO'oID,J.A., P.II.Johansen, P.W. Colgan .nd '.A.S. Mathers. 1987. 111P.lr_ntof th. early fe841ng behaviour of l.rge.auth baaa by pentachlorophenolexpo.ure. a prellainary ••e....nt. A•• Fllh. Soc. Tr.n•• 116: 71-78.

Brown, J.A., P.M. Johansen, P.W. Colgan and R.A. Hathera. 1985. Ch.n,a. Inth~ predator-avoidance behaviour of juvenile suppiea (Poeeiliaretlculata) exposed to pent.chloroph~nol. Can. J. Zool. 63: 2001-2005.

species recognition InBeh. Eool. Socloblol. 19:

Brown, J ..... and P.W. Colgan. 1986. Individual andcentrarchid fishes. Evldence .nd hypotheses.)7)-379.

Brown, J.A. and P.W. Colg~n. 198~ [ntorlpaciflc differences In the ontogenyDC feedIng ~hayiour In two Ipeclel of eentrarebid fi.h. Zeit••Tlerplychol. 10: 70-80.

Brown, J.A. aDd P.W. Colgan. 1985. Thu ontogeny of 8oc1a1 behaviour in four.p.cl~1 of cuntrarchld fllh. 8chavluur 92: 254-276.

'r~wn, J. A. and P.W. COlaSD. 1984. The ontDa~ny of f~lnA b~navlour Inf011f .pecle. of centearchid ft.h. I.,hav. Proee..e. 9: 39:>-411.

('" ~tc" R.A., H.B. Pen~on. end E. Clen. 1973. Food intake ~y captive Hyotis

lucifugue lind Bp~e.icus (UlCUS (Chi ropter.: Veapertllionldae) J.HSIIl118I.S~: 985-990.~.

~lIder.A.A. lindJ.M. Bristow. 1986. BJbHogr3phy 01 wetlands in theKingston reg10n. Blue BtU supplolDent to Vol. 33. p. 1-71.

~"119an. P.W. and J.T. Smt~h. 1986. Statistical anelysla of feeding bellftvlour

In fish. Chap. In P.W. Colg8n and R. Zyan (eds.)Qul'ntitative Hodel. in Ethology. Pads: Privat. Pp. 47-61.~,.

Urtney. P.A. and H.S. Fenton. 1976. The effect. of u small rural g8rb~gedump on populatlon. of Peromyscu8 leucopus RaCinesque, Bnd other smallmam031s. J. App\. Seol. 13: 413-422.

~~II1_n, P.W. and J.T. Smith. 1985. Experimental analysis oC food preferencetransitivity ln pumpkinReed sunfish (Lepomls gibbo.us). Biometrics 41:227-236.

1984. Feeding behoviour of the centralthe field end laboratory. Env. BioI. of Fishes

~ lllan,P. W. and B. Silburt.lIIudlllinnow(Umbra Ulli) In10: 209-214. --

(.'.~IStlO, P.W., J.A. Brown and S.D. Gr8ettl. 1986. Role of dict and exper Iencein the de~elopment of (ceding behaviour In largemouth b088 (Hicropteru8salmoides). J. Fish. Bioi. 28: 161-17G.

~ lS_n. P.• and O. e~ley. 197~. Role of woody debris In nest site selectionby pumpkinseed sunfish, Lepomis glbbo8u8. J. Fish. Re8. 8d. Can. 30:853-856.

~18.n. P.W.• & H.R. Gros8. 1977. Dynamics of 8ggression in pumpkinseedsunfish (Lepomis glbbosus) over the npsting phase. Zeit. Tierpsyehol.A); 139-151-

~~lg.n. P.W., W.A. Howell, H.R. Cros8, and J.W.A. Grant. 1979. Aggressive

hablcu8tiQn and rIm circling in the sQcial organi&&tion of bluegillsunfish (Lepomis &Bcrochirus). Snv. 8tot. Plahes 4: 29-36.

'Igln, P. W., W. A. Nowell. ond N. W. Stokes. 1981. Spat1al aspects Qr nestdefenRe by pumpkinseed sun(isn (Lepomis glbbosus): Stimulus features andan application of C8tBSlrophe theory. Anim. Behav. 29: 433-442.

BTo~n. 1988. Dynamic8 of nast defense by maleBeh. Prcc , 15; In press.

r.'I.lgun, P.W. lind J.A.

eent arebld fish.

~!118"0, P.W. 1919. [" ..8uper-t..n1tory ~trategy stable? Aa. Nat. ItA:604-6GS.

~lSan, P.w., P.K. Ballantyne ~nd H.V.H. Wilson. 1976. NumerIcal taxonomy ofhybrldlzing LepolRis (Centrarehidae) In Lake ~pinjcon, Ontario. Can. J.Zoot. 54: 42-&7.

Crowder. A.A. and J.H. Brlatow. 1986. Bibliography of wetland. In thelClnl4ton region. Blu. 8111 aupplelll'nlto Vol. 33, p. 1-11.

Coutts, R.A., H.8. Fenton, and E. Clln. 1973. Food intake by captive Kyotlelucl(u8u. and Epte.lcu. (uaeu. (Chlropter.: Veapertillonld ••) J.Ha... I. S4: 985-990.

Col,an, P.~. and J.T. Smith. 1986. Statl.tlcal ooalyal. of (eedlng behaviourIn fl.h. Chap. In P.W. Colgan And R. Zyan (ede.)quantitotive Hodele 1n &tholoIY. Pllrl.: Prlvat. Pp. 41-61.

Courtney, P.A. and H.8. Fenton. 1976. The eefects of n ... 11 rural garbagedu~p on populatIons o( Peromracu. leueopu. Rafineeque. nnd other •.allmammals. J. Appl. Ecol. 13: 413-422.

Col,an, P.W. and J.T. Smith. 1911S. Experimental analy.i. of food pr.(erene~tr.n.ltl~lty In pumpkln~eed lunEI.h (tepa'" gibbo.ua). Blo~trlca 41:221-236.

Coll~n, P. \I. and 8. Silburt. 1984. F•• dlnl beho.lour of the centralDldlllln"o~(Umbra Ilml) In the rleld and laboracory. Env. 8101. o( Fishes10: 209-214. ----

Collin, P.W., W.A. Howell, H.R. Cro.. , and J.W.A. Crant. 1979. AI,re..lvehabituation and rim (Ircllnl In the aoclal orS8nlc8tlon or blueRlllIlInrhh (Lepolaia...crochlru.). 8nv. 11101. Plshes 4: 29-36.

Colgan, P. II., w. A. HQwell. "f'ldH. w. Stokes. 1981. Spatlal aspectR ut nes tdefen .. by pumpkl ""oed .lInflall (t.epolllhglbb08u8): Stlllulu8featurn ondan application of clltastrophe theory. Anim. Sehav. 29: 433-442.

Collan, P.w., & N.R. Gro••. 1971. Dynaalca of aggreaalon In pu.pkln.eedaunflah (tepoai. libboaus) ovar the neatlDS ph.... Zeit. Tlerp.ychol.4): 139-151.

Col.an, P., and D. EAley. 1973. Role of woody debtl. In ne.t .Ite .electlonby pumpklnleed sunfish, tepoaia Slbbo.us. J. FI.h. Rea. ad. Can. 30:853-8S6.

Collan, P.\I., J.A. Brown and S.D. Or.ottl. 1986. Role of diet and .~p.rlenceIn the dev~lop~nt of (ceding behaviour In large.outh bo.a ("Icropteru&ealmoldea). J. Flah. BioI. 28: 161-170.

Colgan, P.w. and J.A. IIr"wn. 1988. Dyna..lc6 of nest d"fen8<' by ....1..cent archtd £1'111. Beh. Prnc , IS: In press,

Collan, 1'.\1., P.K. B31Ian~yn. and N.V.H. \l1180n. 1976. Nuaerleal taxonoay orhybridizing Lepoais (eentrarehld.e) In Lake Oplnleon, Ontario. Can. J.Zool. 54; 42-47.

Colsan, P.\I. 1919. Is .. super-territory strategy sabl ..! Am. Nat. 114:604-605.

- -- ---

A technique for aonltorlnl bat .ctlvlty with reaultsdlffer~nt envlron ..nta In .outhern Ontario, Can. J. Zool.

ranton, ~.B.1970.obtained t rom48: 8:.7-851.

F.nton, M.B. 1969. Summer activ!ty of Myotl, lucifugu, (Chlcopteru:Ve.pertlliond •• ) at hlbern.cul. In Ontario and Quebec. Can. J. Zool. 47:597-602.

Eckert, C.C. and P.J. Weatherhead. 1987. Male cheracterlatlcs, parentalquality end the Itudy of .ate choice In the red-winaed blackbird(Agelalus phoenlceu,). Behavioral &coloay and Soclobiology 20: 35-42.

Eckert. C.C. and P.J. Wutherhead. 1987. Ideal doainance dhtributlons: Ate$t u.lna red-winged blackbird. (Aaelalu. phoenJceu.). ~havloralEcology and Sociobiology 20: 43-52.

Eckert, C.C. and P.J. Wuoth~rhead. 1987. Owner., floatere nnd competitiveolymmecrlee amon" tllrrt torlal rod-winged blackbirds. AnllllnlBehaviour35: 1317-1)23.

Eckert, C.C. and P.J. Weatherhead. 1987. Coapetltion for terrltorle.: 18resource holding potential realized In red-wlnsed blackbird.? BehavioralEc.,loBYand Sociobiology 20: 369-375.

E.dl~, J. McA. and A. Kea.t. 1984. Do aoldeneye and perch compete for food?Oc~ologla, 55.: 225-230.

E.dle, J .McA. and A. Ke.At. 1984. Rosource heterogeneity and fish specie.diversity In lsket. Can. J. Zaol. 62: 1689-1695.

o.acon, L.l. and A. ~ ••t. 1987. Patternlof reproduction In two population.of pumpklnu.d <,unCI.h, LeP0ll18 Blbboaus, with dlfferinl fl)odreseurees ,[nv. 8iol. 'I,he, 19: 281 296.

Olle, H.H. and T. Cille.ple. 1976. The Influence oI floltlna vascular plant~on the diurnal fluctuations of te.peratllre near the water surface In th"e~rly ~prlna. Hydroblologta, 49: 245-256.

Curran, H.W. 1947. A blotogtcal survey of Lake Oplnlcon. Proare•• Report,Queen'. University.

Crowder, A.A. and S.H. Hacfle. 1986. Sea.on.1 depa.itlon of ferr c hydroxideplaque on root~ of ",etland plants. Can. J. Bot. 64: 2120-2124.

Crowder, A.A., J.H. 8rlatow, H.R. KinS and S. Vander lloet. 1977. The aquatic..crophyte. of ao.e luke. In .outh~••tern Ontario. Naturalille Can. 104:451-464.

r.r(lwd"r.A.A •• I.H. 8rl.to"" ".R. Kin, S. Vander Kloet. 1977. Dislrlbutlon,~easonaJ1ty, and blu...,,,of aquatic tMcrophytell In Lake Oplnlcon.~"LucaIlH" Can. 104: 441-456.

Crowder, A. A. 1983. fhe fr~quency of Introduced plants and litter on pathsa. Indlce. of I~act In the St. Lawr~nc~ talands National Park, Ontario.[nv. M4nageaent 1 (4): 345-354.

1975. K reproductive atratelY and larval.arcoph.,ld Cly, Blae.ox!phl fletcherl.

For.yth, A.B. and ••J. lobert.on.behovlor of th~ pitcher plantCan. J. Zool. H: 114-119.

AlternatIve ruproductl_e toctlc.by older males. 8ehev. I!!col.

For.yth. A.B. and R.O. HontgomerJe. 1987.In a territorial d...elfly: aneokln,Socloblol. 21: 73-81.

tlood, ~, and H. McIntosh. 1976. The .trect or recreational land U8~ Onavian population". Blue 8111, 23: 16-37.

Fenton, M.B. and K.D. ~oeder. 1974. The .Icroey.bale or .oao Arctlldae. J.Lepld. Soc. 28: 20S-211.

ranton, M.B., S.L. Jacobson, and R.N. Stone. 1973. An automatic ultrasonic:,enslng .yata. for IIC)nltorlngthe activity of some beta. Can. J. Zool.~l: 291-299.

1981. Hoth hearing and the reeding atrategles266-215.

Fenton, 'i.B. lindJ.II. Full.rd.of bat•• Amer. Set. 69:

1919. The Influence of .oth h~.rlng on batJ. COIIP.Phy.lol. 132: 77-86.

Fenton, M.B. and J.H. Fullard.echolocation .tratoales.

Penton, H.B., J.J. Belwood, .I.R. Fullard ond T.H. kun~. 1976. Ruponses ofMyott. lucifulU' (Chlroptera: Veepertillonidoe) to call. of con.peclflcsand to other 80und•• Cln. J. Zool. S4: 1443-1448.

Penton, H.B. and C.P. Bell. 1981. Recognition oC specie. of Inlcctlvorousbats by thelt I1cholocationcalls. J. Hamill.62: 233-24).

Fenton, H.B. and C.P. 8~11 1919. Echolocation and feedin, behlvlour In fourpeele. of Hyotle (Chtropt~r.). Can. J. 2001. 57: 1271-1277.

Fenton, H.B. 1971. Vari·Hlon In the .0cl,,1cdl8 of little brown bact (Myotialudfugus) Can. J. Zoot. SS: IlSl-IlS7.

Fenton, H.B. 1974. F"..dlng ecology or ln4ecclvorous bAlta,Blo. XLV (1): 3-IS.

r~nton, ~.B. 1972. Distribution and ov~rwinterlng of Hyoti. lelbll andEptes!cu. fuscu. (Chlroptera: Va.perLIJlonldae) In Ontarlo. RoyalOncarl0 Museum, Llr~ Sciences Occa,lonal Papera No. 21.

f'~nton,H.B. 1972. 'nil' atructure of a"rlal-r""dillgbat faun"••• Indlc:at~dby eara and winr .q"...,nt~.Can. J. 7.001. SO: 287-296.

Fenton. ~.8. 1971. ftot~•••• queatlons, anKwern and Ls.ueK. The Ontario••tlJrall~L9(3): 12-19.

•·cntoll,M.B. 1970. Population 8[udlu 01 l-Iyoe1slaciIugu. (ChlrOl't~ra:V".pertlltnndue) In Ontario. LUe ScI. Contrlb. R. Onto Hu•. 110. 17, pp.1-3_•

f~nton, H.I. 1970. 'nil! dec1dIJou&dentition and Its replace...nc In 1tylI~!O.luclfugu. (Chlropter.: Vesparttlionldac). Can. J. Zool. 48: -eI7=820 .

Gerrl.", M. and J.H. Rrllllow. 1979. Hacrolnycrtebta~. 8880cl8tlon8 withIqu.tle ..crophytea and artlflcla. subitrnt.a. J. Great Lake. Re.. 5:69-72.

Fullard, J.H., H.B. Fenton, and LA. SllIIIII<.lna.1979. Jalll1linlbittecholocatIon' th~ click. of arctlld 80th•• can. J. Zool. 57: 647-649.

Sensory relationship.Can. J. Zool. 61:

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