CLOUD COMPUTING AND SECURITYCLOUD COMPUTING AND SECURITYBy By

V. HarshithV. Harshith

CLOUD COMPUTING AND SECURITYCLOUD COMPUTING AND SECURITYBy By

V. HarshithV. Harshith

• Location independent computing

• Shared servers resources, software, and data

• Elasticity (Use of computer resources Dynamically)

• Cost reduction

• Natural evolution of Cloud:– Virtualization

– Service-Oriented Architecture

– Utility computing

• Details are abstracted from consumers

Cloud ComputingCloud ComputingA Game Changing TechnologyA Game Changing Technology

Cloud ComputingCloud ComputingA Game Changing TechnologyA Game Changing Technology

Computing ParadigmsComputing ParadigmsComputing ParadigmsComputing Paradigms• Distributed Computing

– Cluster Computing

– Grid Computing

• Parallel Computing

– Super Computing

• Ubiquitous Computing

• Pervasive Computing

• Mobile Computing

• Utility Computing

• Soft Computing

• Cloud Computing

CLOUD COMPUTINGCLOUD COMPUTINGCLOUD COMPUTINGCLOUD COMPUTING

CLOUD COMPUTINGCLOUD COMPUTING CLOUD COMPUTINGCLOUD COMPUTING

Cloud computing is a synonym for distributed computing

. Cloud computing is an Internet-based

computing, whereby shared resources,

software and information are provided to

computers and other devices on-demand.

• Users simply rent or access the software.

• Paying only for what they use.

• Everything Old Becomes New Again

CharacteristicsCharacteristics

Cloud computing has a variety of characteristics

ON DEMAND SELF SERVICES.

Shared Infrastructure:

Enabling the sharing of physical services,

storage, and networking capabilities.

Dynamic Provisioning:

Based on current demand requirements

levels of reliability and security

• Network Access:

Access the internet from a broad range of

devices such as PCs, laptops, and mobile

devices, using standards-based APIs.

Managed Metering:

Managing and optimizing the service and to

provide reporting and billing information.

CLOUD SERVICE MODELSCLOUD SERVICE MODELS

SaaS ExamplesSaaS ExamplesSaaS ExamplesSaaS Examples• Email , photo sharing , Calendars and contactso Google Apps, Flickro BitTorrent

• Document sharingAmazon EC2

• Elastic Cloud Computing • virtual servers for rent• called Amazon Machine Images (AMIs)• priced on per hour from $1 to $2

• Gov-Apps, Internet Services

• Blogging/Surveys/Twitter, Social Networking

• Information/Knowledge Sharing (Wiki)

• Communication (e-mail), Collaboration (e-meeting)

• Productivity Tools (office)

• Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

PaaS PaaS PaaS PaaS •Application Development, Data, Workflow, etc.

•Security Services (Single Sign-On, Authentication, etc.)

•Database Management

•Directory Services

•Networks, Security, Mainframes, Servers, Storage

•Telecom Carrier Services

•IT Facilities/Hosting Services

Types of CloudsTypes of CloudsTypes of CloudsTypes of Clouds

•Public Cloud•Private Cloud•Hybrid Cloud

•Public Cloud•Private Cloud•Hybrid Cloud

Why Do We Need The Cloud ?Why Do We Need The Cloud ?Why Do We Need The Cloud ?Why Do We Need The Cloud ?

• Increased accessibility

• Decreased operating expenses

• Elimination of upfront costs

• Immediate upgrades

• Lower outages

Cloud Computing service providers predicts the

business will grow above 150 billion dollars by

end of 2013. Below is a partial list of companies

that provide cloud computing services.

• Cloud service providers can be considered

similar to silent business partners.

• Amazon • Citrix • cohensiveFT • Flexscale

• Google • IBM • Icloud • Joyent • Microsoft

• Mozyhome • Nivanix • Rackspace

• Salesforce.com • Sun • VMware • 3tera

BenefitsBenefitsBenefitsBenefits• Cost Savings

• Scalability/Flexibility

• Reliability

• Maintenance

• Mobile Accessible

What cloud gives us, generallyWhat cloud gives us, generallyWhat cloud gives us, generallyWhat cloud gives us, generally

• low initial capital investment

• shorter start-up time for new services

• lower maintenance and operation costs

• higher utilization through virtualization

• easier disaster recovery

Companies are still afraid to use cloudsCompanies are still afraid to use cloudsCompanies are still afraid to use cloudsCompanies are still afraid to use clouds

The Major Issue is SecurityThe Major Issue is Security

Cloud SecurityCloud SecurityCloud SecurityCloud Security

• Mobility is a basic need and essential for economic

development.

• To move critical applications and sensitive data to

public and shared cloud environments via Internet.

• Security is one of the most difficult task to

implement in cloud computing.

Where is the Data ?Where is the Data ?Where is the Data ?Where is the Data ?

• Different countries have different requirements

and controls placed on access.

• As your data is in the cloud, you may not realize

that the data must reside in a physical location.

• Your cloud provider should agree in writing to

provide the level of security required for its

customers.

Who has Access ?Who has Access ?Who has Access ?Who has Access ?

• Access control is a key concern as insider attacks

are a huge risk. Insider attacks are a huge concern

as a potential hacker is someone who has been

entrusted with approved access to the cloud.

• Anyone considering using the cloud needs to look

at who is managing their data and what types of

controls are applied to these individuals.

What are the regulatory requirements ?What are the regulatory requirements ?What are the regulatory requirements ?What are the regulatory requirements ?

• Organizations operating in the US, Canada, or the

European Union have many regulatory

requirements that they must abide by (e.g., ISO

27002, Safe Harbor, ITIL, and COBIT).

• We must ensure that the cloud provider is able to

meet these requirements and is willing to undergo

certification, accreditation, and review.

Do you have the right to audit?Do you have the right to audit?Do you have the right to audit?Do you have the right to audit?

• This particular item is no small matter in that the

cloud provider should agree in writing to the

terms of audit.

• With Cloud Computing maintaining compliance

will become more difficult to achieve and even

harder to demonstrate to auditors and assessors.

What type of training does the provider offer their What type of training does the provider offer their employees?employees?

What type of training does the provider offer their What type of training does the provider offer their employees?employees?

• This is actually a rather important item in that

people will always be the weakest link in security.

Knowing how your provider trains their employees

is an important issue to review.

What type of data classification doesWhat type of data classification doesthe provider use?the provider use?

What type of data classification doesWhat type of data classification doesthe provider use?the provider use?

• How is your data separated from other users?

• Encryption should also be discussed. Is it being

used while the data is at rest and in transit?

• You will also want to know what type of encryption

is being used.

• As an example, there is a big difference between

WEP and WPA2. (WiFi Protected Access-II)

What is in the SLA?What is in the SLA?What is in the SLA?What is in the SLA?

• The SLA (Service Level Agreement) serves as a

contracted level of guaranteed service between

the cloud provider and the customer that

specifies what level of services will be provided.

What is the long term viability of the provider?What is the long term viability of the provider?What is the long term viability of the provider?What is the long term viability of the provider?

• How long has the cloud provider been in business

and what is their track record. If they go out of

business, what , happens to your data? Will your

data be returned, and if so, what format?

What happens if there is a security breach?What happens if there is a security breach?What happens if there is a security breach?What happens if there is a security breach?

• If a security incident occurs, what support the

customer receive from the cloud provider?

• While many providers promote their services as

being un-hackable, cloud based services are an

attractive target to hackers.

Critical Threats of Cloud Security Critical Threats of Cloud Security Critical Threats of Cloud Security Critical Threats of Cloud Security

• Account Hijacking

• Denial of Service (DoS)

• Data Loss

• Insecure APIs

• Data Breaches

• Malicious Insiders

• Abuse of Cloud Services

• Shared Technology Issues

Security AttributesSecurity AttributesSecurity AttributesSecurity Attributes

• Confidentiality

• Integrity

• Authentication

• Non-Repudiation

• Availability

Cloud Computing AttacksCloud Computing AttacksCloud Computing AttacksCloud Computing Attacks

Account HijackingAccount HijackingAccount HijackingAccount Hijacking

• Authentication Attacks

• Authentication plays a critical role in the security of

web applications.

• When a user provides his login name and password

to authenticate and prove his identity, the application

assigns the user specific privileges to the system,

based on the identity established by the supplied

credentials.

Denial of Service (DoS)Denial of Service (DoS)Denial of Service (DoS)Denial of Service (DoS)

• Main aim to stop the victim’s machine from doing

it’s required job

• Server unable to provide service to legitimate

clients

Damage done varies from minor inconvenience to

major financial losses

Man in the Middle Attack (MitM)Man in the Middle Attack (MitM)Man in the Middle Attack (MitM)Man in the Middle Attack (MitM)

• A man in the middle attack is one in which the attacker

intercepts messages in a public key exchange and

then retransmits them, substituting his own public key

for the requested one, so that the two original parties

still appear to be communicating with each other.

Side Channel AttackSide Channel AttackSide Channel AttackSide Channel Attack

• Information leakage from implementation

• Attacker Try to Scan Channel loops.

• Everything must have a beginning, to speak in

Sanchean phrase; and that beginning must be

linked to something that went before. Hindus

gives the world an elephant to support it, but they

make the elephant stand upon a tortoise.

• Invention , it must be humbly admitted, does not

consist in creating out of void, but of chaos; the

material must, in the first place, be afforded …

Common cloud names and ShapesCommon cloud names and ShapesCommon cloud names and ShapesCommon cloud names and Shapes

Cloud typesCloud typesCloud typesCloud types

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