Cloud Computing and the Next Generation of Enterprise Architecture

www.elastra.comThe Enterprise Cloud Company

Cloud Computing and the Next Generation

of Enterprise Architecture

Stuart CharltonChief Software Architect & VP Products, Elastra

www.elastra.comCloud Computing Expo 2009

ObjectivesDoes cloud computing change the importance and role of enterprise architecture and IT service management?

Exploring a reference model for the cloud

Suggesting a way to bridge the gap between architectural intent and results through cloud computing

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What do you mean by... architecture?Architecture» The fundamental organization of a system, embodied in

its components, their relationships to each other, and the environment, and the principles governing its design and evolution.

(ISO 42010 / IEEE 1471-2000 definition)

Enterprise Architecture» Enterprise Architecture is the organizing logic for

businesses and their IT infrastructure reflecting the integration and standardization requirements of the firm’s operating model.

Peter Weill, MIT

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Architecture as Strategy

Operating Model

Adapted from: Enterprise Architecture as Strategy: Creating a Foundation for Business Execution, J. Ross, P. Weill, and D. Robertson, Harvard Business School Press, 2006.

Enterprise Architecture

Strategy Idea 1 Idea 2 Idea 3

Execution Systems Processes Infrastructure

CapabilitiesProvides Requires

ConstrainsDefines Limits Set Policy

Prior it iz ing

Lear

ning

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A Gap in Realizing Architectural Goals

What How Where Who When Why

InformationBusinessProcesses

& Collaboration

Geography Organization Business Events Strategy

Databases Applications NetworksSecured

UserInterfaces

Event Processing

TraceableModels

(a miracle occurs)

1.

2.

3.

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How have we managed our IT?Developer-led

» Concurrent Versioning, Unit Testing, Maven, Ant, Capistrano» Focused on code-promotion ; sometimes database transform

Manager-led» One extreme: firefighting» The other extreme: bureaucracy

Architect-led» Round-trip modeling tools (e.g. Rational UML, Together, etc.)» Gated reviews (i.e. “The technology cops”)

Operations-led» Management suites (OpenView, Tivoli, etc.)» Runbook Automation (e.g. HP/OpsWare, BMC/BladeLogic, Opalis)

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IT Infrastructure Library (ITIL) v3:The Current Best Practice?

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How Far Can Technology Save Us?The “Google Secret Sauce” Theory:» Always available, scalable, fast» Computing as fungible commodity» Reliability is enabled by architecture» But you have to rewrite your software

Does a seemingly magical architecture reduce or eliminate the need for configuration & dependency management?Does this architecture match classic enterprise requirements?

If I spill this on aserver, who

is affected, and by how much?

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The Cloud Provider Continuum

Closer to theDeveloper/User

Closer to theSysAdmin/Ops

Platform-as-a-Service Infrastructure-as-a-Service

“Supplier Ecosystem”“Retail Ecosystem”

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Qualities of an Enterprise Cloud• On-Demand, Services-Oriented Computing

» Drastically reduced lead times» Lowered requirement to call-ahead forecasts» Demand trends are predicted by the provider

• Variable cost consumption» Pay-by-the-drink or over time; decouple fixed overhead from demand

• Self-service» Resources directly/indirectly reserved with a GUI or API

• Elastic Scalability» Grow or shrink resources as required

• Mandatory Network» The network is essential to consume the service

• Governance and Compliance» Tracking and matching of cloud providers to policies

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A Cloud Technology Reference Model• Begin with the Data Center

• Now Global & Possibly Cross Organizational• Exposes Power & Cooling Information

Organizationally & Geographically Decentralized Software & Hardware

Facilities & Logistics

Management

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A Cloud Technology Reference Model• Add Trust, Identity and Licensing

• Control Point for Compliance, Auditing• Distributed Action without Replicated

Credentials



Management

Licensing, Security, Identity &

Trust

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A Cloud Technology Reference Model• Add easy software access to:

• Configurations - HW/SW/Network/Storage Settings, Software Packages, and Dependencies

• Resources - Reservations from a pool of excess capacity in storage, computing, and network



Management


Trust

CONFIGURATIONMANAGEMENT

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

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A Cloud Technology Reference Model• Add some visibility:

• A Hyperlinked Model of Metadata(What uses or contains what other things?)

• Lifecycle (when and how can things change?)



Management


TrustCONFIGURATIONMANAGEMENT

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

System Lifecycles & Management ProcessesChange, Versioning, Autonomic Provisioning, Scale and Recovery

Hyperlinked Models & MetadataCapabilities, Configurations, Reservations & Dependencies

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A Cloud Technology Reference Model• Add some real-world context:

• Governance(Who has authority / responsibility to change, and how?)

• Constraints & Policies (How are concerns addressed in the design?)

• Testing, Monitoring & Operations (How do we manage & verify?)


Testing, Monitoring & Operations

The IT Service

GOVERNANCEConstraints & Policies

Scalability, Allocation Strategy, Security

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A Cloud Technology Reference Model

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Trust


The IT Service


GOVERNANCE


RESOURCE MANAGEMENT



Management


Constraints & PoliciesScalability, Allocation Strategy, Security


Infrastructure Clouds Start Here:

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Trust


The IT Service


GOVERNANCE


RESOURCE MANAGEMENT



Management



TheirProblem

YourProblem


“Enterprise Cloud Servers”Extend the Level of Control & Automation

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Trust


The IT Service


GOVERNANCE


RESOURCE MANAGEMENT



Management



TheirProblem

YourProblem


Cloud Platforms – As Perceived

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Your Application(Insert Code Here)

DON’T WORRY YOUR PRETTY HEAD,WE HAVE THE REST UNDER CONTROL

LOL,GOVERNANCE Testing,

Monitoring & Operations


The Likely Evolution of Cloud Platforms

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BLACK BOX OF INTRIGUE

Testing, Monitoring

& Operations

The IT Service

System Lifecycles & Management ProcessesChange, Versioning, Autonomic Provisioning, Scale

and Recovery

GOVERNANCE Constraints & Policies

Scalability, Allocation Strategy, Security


Filling in the Architecture GapWhat How Where Who When Why

InformationBusinessProcesses

& Collaboration

Geography Organization Business Events Strategy

Databases Applications NetworksSecured

UserInterfaces

Event Processing

TraceableModels

1.

3.

Architecture-AwareSystem, Policy, and Configuration Management2.

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System Lifecycles Hyperlinked Models

& MetadataEnd-to-End Policies

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Enterprise Cloud Computing

IT-CONTROLLED CLOUD COMPUTING• Accelerate application delivery• Improve IT service management• Business obtains flexibility while IT maintains control

Application VMs

Metering & Billing Storage

Servers

Public Clouds

Private Clouds

EA & DCA

APP ARCH

IT OPS

IT OPS MGT

Policy-Based Design with Flexibility

Improved Service

Delivery with Control

Consumption, Planning,

Improvements

Standards & Policies

Portfolio of Virtualized

APPLICATION RESOURCES

Dynamic Availability Efficient Consumption

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Helping Drive a Collaborative Process

Private & Public Cloud Resources

APPLICATION ARCHITECTS

SYSTEM ADMINS

IT MANAGEMENT

DEV/QA TEAMS

ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTS

IT OPERATIONS

Test System Staging System Production System

ENTERPRISE CLOUD

Deploy & Configure Systems

Auditing, Metering,

and Planning

IT Policies

Request Dev/QA Systems

Architectural Standards

Policy-Based Architectural

Designs

Automatic Provisioning & Configuration

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Hyperlinked Cloud Markup Languages

DEFINE

EXTEND

MARKUP

ECML

EDML

EMML

ELML

CONCEPT IMPLEMENTATION

Modular, layered, open-world, “connective tissue”

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ConclusionsEnterprise Architecture helps to prioritize and align an organization’s ability to execute» But there has been long been a communication gap

between intensions and results

Cloud Computing technology drastically reduces provision lead times and enables quick iteration

A Cloud-Oriented synthesis of IT Architecture, Provisioning and Service Management may help bridge the gap» “Architecture-Aware Clouds”

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www.elastra.comThe Enterprise Cloud Company

Thank You

[email protected]

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Cloud Computing and the Next Generation of Enterprise Architecture