CLOUD 102 - PBSbento.cdn.pbs.org/hostedbento-prod/filer_public/...cloud102_v2_1.pdf · Cloud 102 Intro: Ron ... In this model we’re researching utilizing terrestrial capacity to

Page: Cloud 102 Intro: Ron Clifton 1

CLOUD 102 a

The Long Range Forecast is Cloudy, with a Chance Of

Virtualization Ron Clifton, James Kelso

& Thomas Crowe III


Cloud 102:Introduction Ron W. Clifton

CliftonGroup International Limited


Objective and Outline • Provide a refresher/introduction to cloud

computing technologies and some specific broadcast applications

• Outline: – Introduction: why cloud and why now? – Definitions & overview of Cloud Computing – Example broadcast applications


Introduction – why?

Public Cloud Solutions for Broadcasting

M&E Market and Broadcast Industry Drivers/Trends • IP Connectivity & File Based Workflow • OTT Content Delivery & Mobile devices • TV Everywhere • Emerging standards

• Move from legacy H/W to S/W • Dedicated and virtualized server

implementations • Cloud services

Cloud Computing Industry Trends • Second gen cloud computing technologies & standards • Availability of mature private & hybrid cloud solutions • Low cost terrestrial broadband connectivity


Defining Cloud Computing The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)

Cloud Computing Model Enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.


Defining Cloud Computing

Cloud computing is more than just “doing stuff in the cloud”

Software as a Service (SaaS)

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

THREE SERVICE MODELS

Broad Network Access

Rapid Elasticity

Measured Service

On-Demand Self Service

Resource Pooling

FIVE MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS

PRIVATE PUBLIC HYBRID COMMUNITY FOUR DEPLOYMENT

MODELS


Four Deployment Models

Public Public Cloud Service over Internet

Utility Computing Model Uses OpEx

Multiple tenants

Public Hybrid Cloud

2 or more Public, Private or Community Combination OpEx & CapEx

Resource portability Federated Clouds

Public Private Cloud

Service over Internet Grid Computing Model

Uses CapEx Solo Tenant

Public Community Cloud

Public, Private or Hybrid Federated Clouds

OpEx (Users), CapEx (Community) Resource Portability

Source: Wikipedia and Sam Johnston

Public

Public

Private/ Internal

Public/ External

Amazon (AWS)

Google Apps Eng

AT&T

Microsoft Azure

The Cloud

On Premises/ Internal

“Cloud in a Box” – Azure for Enterprise – MS+HP - IBM Cloudburst - Eucalyptus cloud SW ~private AWS

Off Premises/ Third Party

HYBRID


Three Service Models

Source: derived from Microsoft 2011

Traditional IT IaaS PaaS SaaS

You

man

age Yo

u m

anag

e

You

man

age

Man

aged

by

Vend

or

Man

aged

by

Vend

or

Man

aged

by

Vend

or


Five Major Characteristics

Example: HP Blade Server

Broad Network Access

Rapid Elasticity

Measured Service

On-Demand Self Service

Provisioning Layer

Virtualization & Resource Pooling

Virtual/ Physical SW

Stacks Stateless Compute Logically

Configurable Network


Example Broadcast Applications • Archival and disaster recovery • File based workflow, MAM & workflow

automation • Low latency reliable broadband connectivity • Internet bandwidth aggregation • Transcoding + Some emerging standards


Example: Archival in the Cloud • An “Archive and forget”

cloud service from AWS

• A “potential game changer” at $100/TB/year

• 99.999999999% availability

• 2-5 hour retrieval time


Example: Archival in the Cloud • LTO tape still the most cost effective

for long-term archival • LTO 6 = 2.5 TBytes @ approx $50/tape • Linear Tape File System (LTFS) is an

open standard (Windows, Linux, OSx) • Makes LTO look like a disk volume • Easy to integrate & manage backups • Ideal for private & hybrid clouds


IP and File-Based Workflow

• Enables new workflows & is more efficient

• Save costs & move CAPEX to OPEX

• Improved collaboration • Automated backup &

storage of content • SaaS for transcoding,

graphics etc… …. and it is GREEN!


IP and File-Based Workflow

MEDIA ASSET MANAGEMENT (MAM)

Automation of Workflow and MAM

Multiple Vendors


Low Latency Broadband IP • State of the art today: Multiprotocol

Label Switching (MPLS) Ethernet • 100 Mbps and DS3 (45 Mbps) most

popular. OC3 & GigE also available • Typical low latency (e.g. < 50 msecs

RT) & low jitter (e.g. < 5 msecs) • Becoming increasingly affordable and

highly competitive

Multiple Tier 1 Vendors:

…+ others


Legacy Satellite OPEX Advantage


EoMPLS: Increasingly Viable

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

$1,0

00$1

,200

$1,4

00$1

,600

$1,8

00$2

,000

$2,2

00$2

,400

$2,6

00$2

,800

$3,0

00$3

,200

$3,4

00$3

,600

$3,8

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$4,2

00$4

,400

$4,6

00$4

,800

$5,0

00

Num

ber o

f Bro

adca

st S

tatio

ns

Monthly Operating Cost

/Site

Breakeven Point for Ethernet over MPLS (EoMPLS) vs Legacy IP Satellite


Internet Aggregation - an Alternative

SDI and/or IP Video

SDI and/or IP Video

SDI and/or IP Video

PROVIDER APPLIANCE

• Example service providers: LTN Global, VideoShip • In use with broadcasters today (e.g. NBC,CNN,FOX &others) • Typical 100-200 msecs latency but significantly less $$$

PUBLIC OR LEASED LINE INTERNET


Example: Transcoding in the Cloud • Transcoding of file-based SD & HD video is now

available as transaction based cloud services

INGEST DIST’N TRANSCODE

API REQUEST

INPUT FILE TX’D FILE

API NOTICE

:$0.02-$0.05/min SD & $0.04-$0.10/min HD

:$0.03/min SD & $0.06/min HD

• Example pricing (available today):


Emerging Standards for Broadcast • FIMS: Framework for Interoperable Media Services • MXF: Material Exchange Format • BXF: Broadcast Exchange Format • AXF: Archive Exchange Format • LTFS: Linear Tape File System • … and other (e.g. SMPTE) standards

. . .


Potential System Architecture

PUBLIC INTERNET

BROADCAST STATIONS

LOCAL CABLE

LINEAR FEED

CONTENT

FILE BASED CONTENT

dBASE & ARCHIVE

BACKUP NOC (LINEAR &

FB CONTENT)

Satellite (Backup)

CLOUD SERVICES (PRIVATE/HYBRID)

Network Operations Center (NOC)

GigE/100 Mbps

100 Mbps/DS3


Summary • The technologies exist today to implement

the complete end-to-end broadcast workflow using cloud computing technologies

• This is a natural migration from our legacy broadcast infrastructure and the way of the future

[email protected]

Cloud 102: Five Nines R. James Kelso

Sequencia Inc.

West East C D A B

1

2

3

Site Active – Active

Geo-Redundant Fault Resilience

West East C D A B

1 2

3

Station

North E F • Any two sites can handle total load

• Normal ops, site at 2/3 capacity • Leftover capacity is ‘preemptable’ • Critical ops swing to remaining sites

during a major outage.

Swing and Balance

West East C D A B

1

2

3

Site Active – Active

Geo-Redundant Fault Resilience

West East C D A B

1

2

3

Upgrade Site


CLOUD 102: Summary Potential for the Public Broadcasting Network

Thomas Crowe Public Broadcasting Service


Current Interconnection System Configuration

Existing Interconnect System (2006-2016+)

INTERCONNECTION SUPPLIED STATION EQUIPMENT

INTERCONNECTION SUPPLIED BANDWIDTH & SERVICES

HD01-HD05 SD01-SD07

(SDI, ASI, IP) Baseband IRDs

File Delivery

NR01 File Delivery

Local Traffic, Automation,

Archive & Master Control

MCPC, SCPC & NRT Satellite

Feeds PBS NOC & DDMS)

Distributors (National &

Local)

MEMBER STATION

(Existing)

(Existing NRT)

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Ok, now that Ron has reviewed the basics and James has covered reliability, security and re-assured us all that we’ll be safe flying home, let’s take a look at how the cloud model could provide PBS and your member station options and benefits in the future. The first slide I’m showing here is a high level view of the current Public Television Interconnection system. First I’d like to point out the format of the diagram which will be continuous thru the remainder of the presentation. * On the left are the distributors – PBS, and local and national distributors, represented by the solid boxes. The dashed box in left center is the Interconnection system – Bandwidth and Services between the distributors and the recipients. The dashed box in right center is the equipment that has been supplied to you by the interconnection systems – Your receive dish, the previous Bitlink, Sencore and current Ericsson IRD’s and the NRT file delivery system. And the solid box on the far right is you, the member station. The familiar satellite based system, currently utilizes 2 transponders to deliver linear programming, HD01 thru SD07, from the PBS NOC and our disaster and diversity site out to member stations. National and local distributing stations also access the Interconnection SCPC carriers to deliver their content directly to member stations


Concept: Potential Transition Interconnection System Configuration

Existing (2006-2016+)

INTERCONNECTION SUPPLIED STATION EQUIPMENT

INTERCONNECTION SUPPLIED BANDWIDTH & SERVICES

Select Linear Services


File Delivery



PBS NOC & DDMS)

MEMBER STATION


Feeds


Feeds

IXCv6 (2016+)

New IP Based “IRDs”

Station Connectivity 100 Mbps or DS3 (45 Mbps)

All Linear Services

(SDI, ASI, IP)

Single MCPC Carrier

IXCv6 Private MPLS Network

IXCv6 IP Multicast Media & Control LAN

File Delivery


Local)

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Ok, now we’ll get to the fun stuff. In this model we’re researching utilizing terrestrial capacity to deliver content to and receive content from member stations and distributors which is illustrated with the orange items. The concept is that each station would be provided terrestrial connectivity of sufficient size to receive all PBS & distributor content delivered today via satellite. Some of this content would be provided in a live streaming multicast format, equal or better to the quality delivered today on the satellite based Interconnection system. We’re very early in the process to determine exact channel counts, but utilizing new IP based “IRD’s” these streams could be decoded to HD-SDI, SD-SDI or ASI for input to your existing facility. As you’ll be able to see at the demonstration Kiosk, it’s already possible today to get both IP and RF inputs on a single box, allowing diverse and redundant delivery paths to exist. In addition to providing linear feed channels on the terrestrial connectivity, a portion of the content will also be sent via terrestrial non-linear file delivery, the successor to the NGIS-Non Real Time file delivery project that’s now underway.


Advantages and Challenges • Advantages

+ Improved interconnection efficiency + Potential redundant paths + Potential for Time Zone based streams + Potential for peer to peer file sharing + Potential reduction in capital & operating costs

• Challenges - Affordable, sufficient capacity to each location - New Technology, Equipment & Workflows

Presenter

Presentation Notes

So what are the advantages of this interconnection model�* Further reduction in the number of transponders used * With a terrestrial system in place, the Interconnection transponder count could possibly be reduced to one or even a partial transponder. Diverse, redundant delivery paths for some content Having content delivered via multicast stream, file, and satellite would provide 2, possibly 3 layers of redundancy for the system. The ability to provide multicast streams for each time zone IP multicasting can handle large numbers of independent streams. Our intitial look indicates that not only could 3 time zones be supplied, but potentially zones for HI, AK and others with unique time zone needs Potential peer to peer sharing of content One of the limitations of the current NRT system is the inability to share files between member stations. Potential reduced capital and operating expenses. Improved and automated workflows promise to lower operational costs. What are the challenges Obtaining affordable, sufficient connectivity to every station. We’re already doing the research on this, and while the majority of stations are “on grid” there are some locations that will incur considerable cost to install sufficient bandwidth. New Technology & Workflows IP based IRD’s could replace RF technology with all the associated technology changes, Challenges we’re experiencing with the file based workflows will need to be mastered.


Concept: Potential Long Term Interconnect System Configuration

Existing (2006-2016+)

IXCv6 (2016+) INTERCONNECTION SUPPLIED

STATION EQUIPMENT INTERCONNECTION SUPPLIED

BANDWIDTH & SERVICES

Select Linear Services


New IP Based “IRDs”

Station Connectivity 100 Mbps or DS3 (45 Mbps)

All Linear Services

(SDI, ASI, IP)

File Delivery

File Delivery



Single MCPC Carrier

PBS NOC & DDMS)


Local)

MEMBER STATION

IXCv6 Private MPLS Network &

IXCv6 IP Multicast Media & Control LAN

Optional Cloud (2016++)

Cloud Based Traffic, Automation, Archive &

Master Control Services

Interface

Presenter

Presentation Notes

So a look even further into the cloud – With connectivity established to each station, the opportunity arises for stations to take advantage of that connectivity in other ways. Some vendors are already supplying cloud based solutions. Archiving & content storage is probably the most established cloud service. As Ron pointed out earlier, this service allows HUGE quantities of content to be stored for 10’s of CENTS per Terabyte. Yes cents. And those costs will continue go down. Compare that to your LTO or spinning disk solution, (and don’t forget hardware support, power, cooling, and the skilled staffing needs to keep all that equipment running) and this quickly becomes interesting, especially if the bandwidth is already provided. Post Production, Transcoding, Traffic, Automation and Master Control vendors are also offering cloud based solutions. We’re running Protrack traffic and Cinegy in our Demo booth here in a simulated cloud, and there are many others beginning to offer similar services. As James and Ron pointed out these are becoming mainstream and as reliable or potentially more reliable than hardware within your own facility. These all have similar benefits of being in the cloud - in some respects this is a tradeoff – reducing capital costs for both broadcast and facility equipment, with an uptick in operational costs for services being provided. Initial research indicates that the operational costs can be significantly less and in addition are typically more manageable from a cash flow perspective.


Q&A?

Thank you for your time

Please visit the Cloud Demonstration in the exhibits

Ron Clifton: [email protected] James Kelso: [email protected] Thomas Crowe: [email protected]

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Thank you all for your time. We’ll now open the floor for a few minutes of Q&A. <At the time limit> Thanks again – please remember to fill out your evaluation forms and come visit the Cloud Demonstration in the exhibit area, AND <TURN SLIDE> The next session in the future of Core Station Technology track will be around Central Cast operations.

mailto:[email protected]




Future of Core Station Technology

Your next session in this track will be Friday @ 10:45am: Centralcast Options for

Public TV Stations (Melrose 3)

Documents

CLOUD 102 - PBSbento.cdn.pbs.org/hostedbento-prod/filer_public/...cloud102_v2_1.pdf · Cloud 102 Intro: Ron ... In this model we’re researching utilizing terrestrial capacity to