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No organization is either completely subscribes to close modeltheory of organization or open model theory of organization.

Introduction

The organization is mankind's most common social phenomenon. Moreover asystematic study of the organization has established a complete set oforganization theory.Organization theory literature is generally divided into twokinds of theories, namely: closed model of organization theory and open model.From the organization's general theory two kinds of mainstream models - anopen organization theory and the closed model, summed up the characteristicsof each of these two models to arrive to their differences and to identifyfundamental differences between them to explore their respective applicationspecific environment.

Close Model of Organization

Closed organizational model is Taylor's "scientific management" theory, Fayol'sclassical organization theory and Weber's administrative organization composedof classical management theory, organization theory. The classical theory ofmanagement organization in order to pay as a fundamental and the dynamicmethods of organizational model, which is a centralized economy structuralmodel hierarchy. This period more emphasis on organization theory researchersto use a static point of view of organizational structure, division of labor,responsibilities, systems and terms of such issues as the organization as aclosed model. To sum up, closed organizational model of the basic features are:

(1) There is a clear division of labor organizations. Specialized tasks (ie, thedivision of labor) are the center; the organization to follow the nature of the tasks,work processes, operations and personnel in different locations the division oflabor;

(2) The organization is a multi-level structure, so that unity of command, orderswithout exception. Pyramid structure of the organization, command of the meansof communication from the top down;

(3) Should clearly define the roles within the organization. Each position in theorganization should have clear terms of reference, and requires each person to

assume their duties, should be aware of the tasks. Stressed the lower right ofobedience to superior orders;

(4) Organization is based on the laws and regulations, the system formed.Everyone in the organization of each member are subject to laws andregulations, and systems control, members of the Organization to be chosen inaccordance with laws and regulations through the examination for admission;

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Open model of organization

Open organization theory is based on the hierarchical structure of classicalorganizational theory-based, drawing on psychology, sociology, on the "group"theory point of view and knowledge, in the classical organization theory to amend

and supplement the basis of shape. Classical organization theory drawback isthat the activities of man as machine, completely ignored the humanity andemotional impact on organizational efficiency, while the neo-classicalorganizational theory in the behavioral sciences and psychology under theguidance of the knowledge-depth study of a people's feelings as a link to theestablished the existence of informal organization causes and the role of positiveand negative, for the development of organization theory pointed out the directionand laid a theoretical basis. Representative of the organization of behavioralscience theories have Mayo, Maslow and so on. Modern organization theory andputting the focus by the organization's internal transfer to the environment by theOrganization of passive adaptation to changing environmental point of view to

the impact on the environment, the theory of organization theory provides newvisual and analytical methods. This open model of the basic characteristics of theorganization can be summarized as:

(1) The organization is an open system for the external environment, constitutethe basic elements of the organization is its people. Input from outsideorganizations, resources, energy, information, and conversion to the outsideworld through the export of products and services, this conversion process isdone by people, therefore, it is necessary to understand and study themselves;

(2) The organization is orderly division of labor, the entire social system in a

subsystem. The organizations, including the structure of subsystems, digitalsystems-level, psycho-social subsystem, goals and values of subsystems andmanagement subsystem, organization is seen as a mobile network architecture;

(3) Organization is a formal organization and informal organizations constitutethe system. The organization structure of relations is not only a duty, andbecause members of the interaction also exists a kind of invisible influence, thisinfluence is not only runs through between the upper and lower levels, but alsoexists in between the same level;

(4) Organizations, methods of communication between members are parallel,because the organization is a flat structure, and continue to input informationfrom the outside world, so that the organization as a feedback system. Theconflict between members to be coordinated through the simultaneousinteraction, rather than a superior uniform rule;

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Comparison of Close model theory with Open Model theory

(1) Closed model, the organizational structure of the operation is a strict legalprovisions to regulate the operation of the power hierarchy, this model isstatic - the structure - the viewpoint of regulatory research organization

problems. The open model emphasizes the integration of people'scharacter. The members of the Organization of birth, social environmentcaused by different personality differences between members of differentpersonalities of people's understanding of things, understanding, differentviews, resulting in conflict, it is inevitable.

(2) Study of the organizational structure of the closed position can onlyunderstand the organization, hierarchy; the organization can not knowhow to staff skills and abilities. In order to analyze only the function of theorganization's internal state, because the open organization model carried

out by a full-scale, systematic study.(3) Closed model, the organization's basic operation have been strictly legal

provisions or levels authorized by the provisions of a lack of interactionamong its members, only the top-down way of communicating with one.While in the open organization model, people have thought, have feelings,conscious. In the organization, personnel not only in the formalorganizational relationship, but also often in informal contacts, this is theinterpersonal relationships; it is the organization of a natural phenomenon.

(4) The early closure of the representative model of organizational theory ofTaylor, Fayol couples and people are trying to break the physical limits ofman as a production tool, however, repeated efforts, people expectproductivity and harmonious working target did not reach expectations.Open model is that human behavior is a reflection of their psychological

and winter, people's needs and motivations by no means limited tophysical satisfaction, but by the increasing demand for a higher level.

Thus comparing this two models we cannot justify which one is better, they arein a particular social context, historical conditions generated. Closed modelclaims that the environment is stable, the task is routine and open model claimsthat the environment is changing, mission-oriented non-routine; closed model ofX-theory point of view of human nature, while the open model is a theoreticalpoint of view with the Y-theory ; closure model that the society is unstructured,but it can be predicted, open model that the society was highly structured, and isunpredictable. These are the fundamental differences lies. Moreover just myths

of advantages and disadvantages does not solve the problem of an organization,also characteristics of both model theories of organizations is seen in the todaysorganization. Thus looking at the current trend of globalization andliberalization no organization can regards itself to be completely an closedor open model of an organization.