PowerPoint Presentation
Climate Warm-UpWhat do you need to know to understand
climate?What questions do you have about climate?Class
ListClimateDefinitionWeather vs. climateBasic
parts:TemperaturePrecipitationAdvanced parts:Type/timing of
precipitation# of days of sunshineWind speed and direction# days
above freezingWeather extremes
Daily Review #1Where do you think a climate like this exists?
Average daily temperatures ranging between 0C and 25CAverage 0.004
inches of rain a yearSome parts have not had rain for over 400
years In July 2011, an extreme Antarctic cold front brought 31 in
of snowWhy did you pick this location and what do you think causes
it to have this type of climate?Pick a location in the world and
describe its climate to someone who has never been there.Where is
it?
EndHow do we know what the climate was like?How old is the
Earth?Direct evidenceExamplesIndirect
evidenceExamplesPaleoclimateHuman records
http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/news/what-are-proxy-data4
Climate
cluesRocksUniformitarianismDefineExamplesStriationsGlaciersTypes of
soil/rocksGlaciers and ice capsRivers or lakes
http://www.fhs.d211.org/departments/science/jadcock/pics/valleyGlacier.jpg
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Climate Clues.OceansSedimentWhat it is made of?Varying oxygen-18
levelsHigh = ?Low = ?CoralUse sun to growEach year = ring of
growthGrowth affected byWater temp.Cloudiness of waterChemical
composition of waterDisease and algal blooms
http://ocean.si.edu/ocean-photos/coral-growth-ringshttp://thailanddiveandsail.com/front/index.php/news/one_article/29/NEW-Rapid-Coral-Growth-at-Similan-Islands-Dive-Siteshttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:PS1920-1_0-750_sediment-core_hg.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytoplankton6Ice
Core LabCreate a table:5 observations/measurements3 layersLayer #1
= bottom, #3 = topDaily Review #2What conclusions did you come to
about climate from the ice core lab?An ocean core sample was taken
and the things were observed about one of the layers of
sediment:High level of oxygen 18A high number of diatom and other
shellsWhat would you say was happening in the climate when that
sediment was formed?What are two different things that would show
up in an area that used to have ice sheets or glaciers?What is the
principle of uniformitarianism?
EndClimate cluesIceWhat is an ice core?What creates the
layers?Greenland, Antarctica, Alaska, HimalayasLast 110,000
yearsConclusionsThickness of the layersMore = ?Presence of ash =
Presence of dust = Bubbles =
http://www.wired.com/2011/10/long-term-datasets/http://www.discoveringantarctica.org.uk/alevel_2_3.html9Tree
Ring LabMake a list of factors that affect tree growth.2. Determine
how old your tree was. Find a narrow ring. What do you think a thin
ring indicates? What kind of climate did the tree live in during
this year?Find a wide ring. What do you think a thin ring
indicates? What kind of climate did the tree live in during this
year?What are the challenges involved in trying to determine global
climate from tree rings?Climate CluesplantsDendrochronologyNew
layer each yearThicker ring = Thinner ring =Wildfire scarsLast
9,000 yearsFossils and pollen (palynology)What can they tell you
about climate?Tropical plants in Rocky MountainsFish in Wyoming
http://ell.stackexchange.com/questions/49850/how-do-you-say-that-tree-rings-are-will-be-closer-if-there-isnt-much-rainhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2003-08-19_Petrified_tree_at_Yellowstone.jpg
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