Climate Types

Chapter 12, section 2

Pg. 358-361

Classifying Climates pg. 358

I. Wladimir Koppen developed a way to classify climates

A. Use averages of temperature and precipitation

B. Types of vegetation in various climates

• Pg 358

C. Climate classification system has 6 main groups

1. Tropical

2. Mild

3. Dry

4. Continental

5. Polar

6. High elevation

Figure 5: Climate Classification Map

• Figure 5 Pg. 359D. Groups are divided further 1. Dry climate a. Arid b. Semiarid 2. Tropical a. Wet b. Wet and Dry 3. Polar a.Tundra b. Icecap

• Figure 5 pg. 3594. Mild a. Marine west coast b. Mediterranean c. Humid subtropical5. Continental a. Warm summer b. Cool summer c. Subarctic6. High Elevations a. Highlands b. Uplands

Adaptations pg. 358

I. An adaptation is either structural or behavioral and necessary for survival

A. Structural adaptations are inherited B. Take a long time to develop in a population C. Once adapted, the organism may not be able to survive in other climates

Structual Adaptations pg. 359

I. Body structures

A. Fur of mammals

B. Cactus 1. Fleshy stem holds water

2. Waxy stem prevents evaporation

3. Spiny leaves called needles

a. Reduces water loss

Behavioral Adaptations Pg.360

I. Helps survival in a climate

A. Hibernation

1. Cooler days

2. Shorter days

3. Lack of adequate food

B. Bees cluster in cold weather to conserve heat

C. Desert snakes hide under rocks during day

D. Desert reptiles get water from food they eat

Rattlesnake

Drought

Lung Fish

Estivation pg. 361

I. Inactive state during intense heat A . Lungfish 1. Burrows into mud 2. Covers self in a leathery mixture of mud and

mucus 3. Stays until warm, dry months pass

B. Humans 1. Sweat takes heat away from your skin 2. Shiver when cold, produce rapid muscle

movements that produce some heat