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Miguel A. Torres
CLIMATE CHANGE & VITICULTURE
1. HISTORIA DEL CLIMA DE LA TIERRAAntón Uriarte
2. THE REVENGE OF GAIA James Lovelock
3. A SHORT HISTORY OF NEARLY EVERYTHINGBill Bryson
4. LA ÚLTIMA CATÁSTROFE G. Walker
5. EL HOMBRE Y EL CLIMA Jacques Labeyrie
6. WE ARE THE WEATHER MAKERS. THE STORY OF GLOBAL WARMINGTim Flannery
7. BIOGRAFIA DEL MÓN Jaume Terradas
8. EARTH: THE SEQUELFred Krupp; Miriam Horn
9. ECOLOGICAL INTELLIGENCE Daniel Goleman
10. THE TWO-MILE TIME MACHINE. ICE CORES, ABRUPT CLIMATE CHANGEAND OUR FUTURE Richard B. Alley
11. FIELD NOTES FROM A CATASTROPHEElizabeth Kolbert
12. IPCC REPORT (2007)
13. THE NATURAL STEP STORY. SEEDING A QUIET REVOLUTION Karl-Henrik Robert
14. CRECIMIENTO INTELIGENTE Joaquim Schwass
15. HELL AND HIGH WATER Joseph Romm
BIBLIOGRAPHY16. THE BIOBASED ECONOMY
Hans Langeveld, Johan Sanders and Marieke Meesusen
17. WORLD ON THE EDGEHow to Prevent Environmental and Economic Collapse Lester R. Brown
18. FORECASTThe Consequences of Climate Change, from theAmazon to the Arctic, from Dafur to Napa ValleyStephan Faris
19. PROSPERIDAD SIN CRECIMIENTO Tim Jackson
20. TERCERA REVOLUCIÓN INDUSTRIAL Jeremy Rifkin
21. THE ENERGY OF NATIONS Jeremy Leggett
22. THIS CHANGES EVERYTHING: CAPITALISM
VS THE CLIMATE Naomi Klein
23. EL IMPERATIVO ENERGÉTICO 100% YA.
Hermann Scheer
24. ENERGÍA SOLAR FOTOVOLTAÍCA Javier María
Méndez Muñíz
25. EL INFORME STERN Nicholas Stern
26. THE NEW NORTH THE WORLD IN 2050
Laurence Smith
BIBLIOGRAPHY27. TIPPING POINT FOR PLANET EARTH Anthony D.
Barnosky & Elizabeth A.Hardy
28. CLIMATE CHANGE Hrh The Prince of Wales. Tony
Juniper. Emily Schuckburgh
29. THE SWITCH Chris Goodall
30. LEARNING TO DIE IN THE ANTHROPOCENE Roy Scranton
31. PALEOCLIMATOLOGY Raymond S. Bradley
32. FARWELL TO ICE Peter Wadhams
33. SEIS GRADOS. EL FUTURO EN UN PLANETA
MÁS CÁLIDO Mark Lynas
34. MAÑANA. UNA REVOLUCIÓN EN MARCHA
Cyril Dion
35. DRAWDOWN. THE MOST COMPREHENSIVE PLAN
EVER PROPOSED TO REVERSE GLOBAL
WARMING Hawen Paul
36. CLIMATE CHANGE Joseph Romm
37. THE ENDS OF THE WORLD Peter Brannen
38. UNE VIE AU COEUR DES TURBULENCES CLIMATIQUES Jean Pascal van Ypersele
39. LUKEWARMING Patrick J Michaels and Paul C.
Knappenberger
40. GUERRAS CLIMÁTICAS Gwynne Dyer
41. DRAWDOWN the most comprenhensive plan ever
proposed to reverse global warming. Project director
Paul Hawken
42. UN MUNDO SIN HIELO
Dr. Henry Pollack
43. STOP AL CANVI CLIMÀTIC Com podem ser més
sostenibles Francesc Mauri
44. EL COLAPSO ES EVITABLE Ramon Sans Rovira,
Elisa Pulla Escobar
45. ADIOS AL PETROLEO
Jorge C. Morales de Labra
46. ENCARA HI SOM A TEMPS José Luís Gallego
47. SIX DEGREES Mark Lynas
48. ENCARA NO ÉS TARD Andreu Escrivà
49. CLIMATE CHANGE HRH The Prince of Walles, Tony
Juniper, Emily Shuckburgh
_____________________
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE (Monthly Magazine)
FROM PLEISTOCENE TO XXII CENTURY (According to James Lovelock)
MÁXIMO TÉRMICO RECIENTE
La temperatura
aumenta 6ºC en
20.000 años.CATASTROFE K/F
Meteorito Golfo de México
Extinción dinosaurios
CATASTROFE P/T
4500 MILLION YEARS HISTORYPHANEROZOIC
CLIMATE IN THE LAST 2000 YEARS
spruillbros.com/the-reality-about-feedlots
CATTLE IN FEEDOTS: 7 POUNDS OF GRAIN TO PRODUCE
1 POUND GAIN IN LIVE WEIGHT FO BEEF,
3 POUNDS FOR PORK AND
2 POUNDS FOR POULTRY
WHY DO TEMPERATURES CHANGE?
WHY DO TEMPERATURES CHANGE?
METHANE ICE BUBBLES IN ALASKA. JOHN HOLDREN
PRESENT DAY BALANCEBase Period: 1951 - 1980
PRESENT DAY BALANCEANTARCTICA
IN 2100, IT IS ESTIMATED THAT
THE SEA WILL HAVE RISED
BETWEEN 0.30 m AND 1 m.
► 85% ICE IN ANTARCTICA (2,4 KM)
► 10% GREENLAND
► 5% GLACIERS
Anton Uriarte. 2013
PRESENT DAY BALANCECO2 EMISSIONS
Sea and
continental
assimilation
Atmospheric
assimilation
PRESENT DAY BALANCECONSEQUENCES IN THE VINEYARD
Fire in Chili February 2017. Vines near the forest
PRESENT DAY BALANCECONSEQUENCES IN THE VINEYARD
Frost in Penedès. April 2017
PRESENT DAY BALANCECONSEQUENCES IN THE VINEYARD
Hail in Tremp (Catalonia). August 2017
FUTURE BALANCEClimate Change Evolution final XXI century
Temperature
New equilibrium
temperature +2,5ºC
CO2 Concentration
Maximum
concentration of
550 ppm
Emissions
peak at 12
GtC in 2040
RCP 4.5
FUTUR BALANCEPlant Transpiration (Stream Flow)
Plant transpiration is the largest continental water flux.
Research now shows that climate and water availability
projections are highly sensitive to the ways that plant
responses to changing atmospheric conditions are
represented.
a) Present day conditions, where half of land precipitation is transpired
by plants, and most residual water eventually replenishes streamflow.
b) One potential impact of increases in vegetation density arising from
CO2 fertilization of the terrestrial biosphere is increased transpiration
and reduced stream flow.
c) One potential impact of higher plant water use efficiencies , where
plants transpire less water per unit of CO2 taken up, is declining
transpiration rates- this leaves a larger proportion of precipitation to
become streamflow.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE/VOL 8/JULY 2018/560-563/
THIS IS WHAT WE ARE DOING
INVESTED IN RENEWABLE ENERGIES, RESEARCH, LAND, etc
15.795.000 € SINCE 2007
THIS IS WHAT WE ARE DOINGPRESERVING THE ENVIRONMENT AND BIODIVERSITY
FOREST MANAGEMENT 1,550 ha OF FORESTS IN SPAIN AND 700 ha OF FORESTS IN CHILE
REFORESTATION IN CATALONIA 30 ha PLANTED IN 2016
THIS IS WHAT WE ARE DOINGREFORESTATION
NON-NATIVE VEGETATION HAS BEEN REPLACED BY LAURISILVAIN CANARY ISLANDS (2008 - 2010)
THIS IS WHAT WE ARE DOINGREFORESTATION
THIS IS WHAT WE ARE DOINGSTORAGE MOUNTAIN WATERS
GRANS MURALLES VINEYARD RESERVOIR
THIS IS WHAT WE ARE DOINGRAINWATER COLLECTION: 11 MILLION LITRES IN 2018
PACS STORAGE RESERVOIR
AVOIDING DE - LEAFINGPLANTATION DENSITY
THIS IS WHAT WE ARE DOINGADAPTING OUR VINEYARDS TO DELAY RIPENING
0.7 m 1.2 m
2.2 m1m
CLONAL AND MASSAL SELECTIONROOTSTOCKS
R 110 41 B 140 Ru
THIS IS WHAT WE ARE DOINGADAPTING OUR VINEYARDS TO DELAY RIPENING
0.6m
VINE TRAINING HEIGHT
0.9 m
LEAF CANOPY HEIGHT
0.7 m
1.2 m
THIS IS WHAT WE ARE DOINGADAPTING OUR VINEYARDS TO DELAY RIPENING
HAIL NET DELAYS RIPENING CLIMATE CHANGE VINEYARD 5 haGOBELET TRAINING
Climate Change Vineyard: Since 2006 twelve different test have been made to compare
differences in vineyard management
THIS IS WHAT WE ARE DOINGMINIMIZE MANAGEMENT EMISSIONS & PESTICIDE TREATMENTS
Is the organic viticulture the answer for the future?
THIS IS WHAT WE ARE DOINGMINIMIZE MANAGEMENT EMISSIONS & PESTICIDE TREATMENTS
The paradox of Organic Viticulture
Orgánico
(kg CO2/ha y año)
Tradicional
(kg CO2/ha y año)
Combustible
maquinaria 503,75 347,75
Fitosanitarios y
herbicidas 135,74 104,77
Fertilizantes 362,20 320,10
Transporte
Fertilizantes 17,33 0,35
TOTAL 1019,02 772,97
Ecosostenible Wine 2010
Next Ecosostenible Wine: 14th May 2019
THIS IS WHAT WE ARE DOINGANCESTRAL CATALAN VARIETIES RECOVERY PROJECT
In-vitro reproduction
Search for new varieties
Sanitization process to obtain virus-free strains
DNA analysisAmpelographic identification
Greenhouse reproduction
Var 4 = Querol Var 8 = Moneu Var 9 = Gonfaus
Var 31B = Forcada Var 31 = Selma Var 32 = Pirene
COLLECTION OF VARIETIES ADAPTED TO CLIMATE CHANGE
THIS IS WHAT WE ARE DOINGANCESTRAL CATALAN VARIETIES RECOVERY PROJECT
“Today Torres is preparing once again for an uncertain future, not
because of war but because of global warming”MIGUEL TORRES
“He has installed solar panels on the roof of a new winery, invested in a
wind park and committed his company to cut the carbon footprint of his
wine 30% per bottle by 2020”
“We’re buying land even higher, in areas that are still too cold to plant”
THIS IS WHAT WE ARE DOINGWE HAVE TO ADAPT….
TIME August 29, 2011
TIME 29-8-2011
GEWÜRZTRAMINER
RED GARNACHA
CLIMATE CHANGE, VITICULTURE AND WINE (GREGORY V.
JONES) - SOUTHERN OREGON UNIVERSITY
THIS IS WHAT WE ARE DOINGSHOULD WE CHANGE OUT Vitis Vinifera?
ADAPTING VINES TO THE NEW CLIMATIC REALITY
TREMP: 1.000 m BENABARRE: 1.200 m
.TREMP.BENABARRE
THIS IS WHAT WE ARE DOINGLOOKING FOR NEW SCENARIOS
CHILE – Itata Valley. 230 Hectares
THIS IS WHAT WE ARE DOINGLOOKING FOR NEW SCENARIOS
THIS IS WHAT WE ARE DOINGLOOKING FOR NEW SCENARIOS
South of Chili
THIS IS WHAT WE ARE DOINGREDUCTION IN ELECTRIC ENERGY CONSUMPTION
LOGISTIC WAREHOUSE WITH PHOTOVOLTAIC PANELS, 18.000 m2.
Together with our biomass boiler we will cover 25% of our wine cellar’s electrical
energy requirements in 2018
THIS IS WHAT WE ARE DOINGREDUCTION IN ELECTRIC ENERGY CONSUMPTION
THE OBJECTIVE OF OUR WINERY FOR 2020 IS TO REDUCE
THE OUTPUT OF CO2 BY 30% WITH REGARD TO 2008
(ACHIVED 26,8% IN 2018)
REPLACING DIESEL BY
CLEAN ENERGY IN THE
VISITORS
TRANSPORTATION.
SINCE JANUARY 2014
SOLAR POWERED TRAIN SINCE JANUARY 2014
THIS IS WHAT WE ARE DOINGREPLACING DIESEL BY CLEAN ENERGY IN THE VISITORS TRANSPORTATION
THIS IS WHAT WE ARE DOINGSUBSTITUTION OF OUR DIESEL CARS BY HYBRID AND ELECTRIC CARS
OR ELECTRIC
VEHICLES: 11 ELECTRIC * 23 HIBRID & ELECTRIC * 120 HIBRID (FEBRUARY 2019)
EFFICIENCY: ELECTRIC 90% <> COMBUSTION 25%
Glass
Single Use 75 cl.
350 - 450 g
Bag in Box 3l
Equivalent 75 cl.
393 - 306
gr CO2
Glass
6 Uses 75 cl.
450 g
75.3
gr CO2
PET
102
gr CO2
PET
Bottle 75 cl.
315 - 293
gr CO2
Glass
Single Use 70 cl.
570 - 530 g
THIS IS WHAT WE ARE DOINGSTUDYING BOTTLING MATERIALS
74 gr CO2
(equivalent 75 cl)
TOWARDS REUTILISATION
THIS IS WHAT WE ARE DOINGASSESSING THE CO2 FOOTPRINT
THIS IS WHAT WE ARE DOINGCOLLABORATION
LET’S HAVE WINE AS A SYMBOL TO MITIGATE CLIMATE CHANGE
1.- SUSTAINABLE VINEYARDS
2.- WINERIES FOR CLIMATE PROTECTION
3.- INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR CLIMATE ACTION
20% of electrical energy consumption supplied by renewable
sources in 10 years
THIS IS WHAT WE ARE DOINGWE COLLABORATE WITH OUR GRAPE SUPPLIERS
THIS IS WHAT WE ARE DOINGWE COLLABORATE WITH OUR PACKAGING SUPPLIERS
THIS IS WHAT WE ARE DOINGRECOGNISING THOSE COLLABORATORS WHO MOST REDUCE THEIR CO2 EMISSIONS
AWARDS: JOSEP Mª GRIMAU GALIMANY (viticultor), VERALLIA IBERIA (bottles’ suppliers), NADAL FORWARDING SLU (logistics), ISLA DEL HIERRO (renewable energies) y EULÀLIA SOLÉ (writer) March 2018
II TORRES & EARTH AWARDS
2.600 T CO2 emitted in the alcoholic fermentation process, [CO2] 99
ORGANIC CYCLIC
CARBONATES
MYWON
INORGANIC
CARBONATES
Salt Hydrolysis
Bicarbonate + Water
TORRES R&D
METHANATION
Methanogenic and Thermophilic
Microorganisms
ELECTROCHAEA
THIS IS OUR IMMEDIATE FUTURECARBON CAPTURE AND REUSE (CCR)
2.600 T CO2 emitted in the alcoholic fermentation process, [CO2] 99
METHANATION
Sabatier Reaction
EXYTRON
THIS IS OUR IMMEDIATE FUTURECARBON CAPTURE AND REUSE (CCR)
Sabatier Reaction:
CO2 + 4H2 → CH4 + 2H2O
APRIL 5TH
TORRES CLIMATE CHANGE COURSE
- Droughts
- Hail
- Late frosts
- Fires
Are we all aware of the terrible effects of climate
change on European viticulture?
2045 Year by which California vows to rely 100% on renewable energy, per a bill Governor
Jerry Brown signed Sept. 10 2018
There’s still hope….
(if we use sun energy).
2040 Spanish Government planning to ban sale of gasoline and diesel cars.
El País. 15 11 2018.
2050 Brussels. 28 11 2018
The European Commission calls for a climate-neutral Europe.
2020 Carbon capture and methanation.
2025 Taxes on fossil fuels to descarbonize the society.
25 → 50 €/Tn
2015 Paris Agreement.
2007 Lauch TORRES & EARTH PROJECT
I wouldn’t like to plant vineyards in Mars!
James Green (NASA) said: «Humans must be prepared to go
living on Mars.» EFE 18 11 2015
https://www.google.com/search?q=greta+climate+activist&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi0m5TR8tjgAhWCzoUKHVjgBtIQ_AUIDygC&biw=2021
&bih=928#imgrc=mUMga_5F1A6SYM:&spf=1551166804325
Greta Thunberg tells to EU:
“Your climate targets need
doubling”
The EU wants to cut greenhouse
emissions by at least 40% by
2030, compared with 1990
levels.
The Guardian 21th February 2019
The more we care for the earth,
The better our wine.
THANK YOU