Climate Change - OECD · climate change in Egypt April 2010 Eng. Ahmed El-Gohary 32. 1. Implementing the Egyptian program for Climate Changes CCRMP 2008-2011, Funded by UNDP & the

Egypt &

Climate Change

Eng. Ahmed El GoharyAdvisor to the Egyptian Minister of

Investment

OECD - Paris April - 2010

1Eng. Ahmed El-GoharyApril 2010

Egypt Area : about 1.2 million km2

Capital : Cairo Total population:

about 84.5 millions (2009) Total population growth

rate: 1.8% (2008) GDP growth: 4.5% (2005/06) 7.4% (2008/09) Expected GDP growth:

5% - 5.5%(2009/10) 2Eng. Ahmed El-GoharyApril 2010

International Commitments for Climate Change Convention

Egypt signed the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change UNFCCC in 1992 and ratified it in 1994.

Egypt has signed the Kyoto Protocol in 1999, and ratified it in

2005.

Egypt Participation in the all COP meetings, with high level participation.

Announcement of the first national communication report in 2000 using 1990 as a base year.



National commitments for climate change convention

Egypt has made several national actions concerning climate change:

Establishment of climate change unit within the Environment Affairs Agency in 1996.

Launching The National Committee for Climate Change in 1997

Establishment of The National Committee for Clean Development Mechanism in 2005 (Council & Bureau for CDM).

under the direct supervision of Minister of Environment membership of several ministries (Ministry of Investment, Ministry

of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Industry, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Electricity………).


Egyptian CO2 emissions

According to 1st national communication report(1999)

116.61 m.ton/yr for 1990 & 0.4% of the total World emissions in 1990

Rest of the

world; 99.60%

Egypt; 0.40%

• Metric tons CO2 per capita 2.2 (2005)• Electric power consumption 1,235 KWh per capita (2005)


Egypt`s actions towards GHG emissions reduction

All these actions are voluntary.

These actions do not replace the developed countries reduction commitments.


Egyptian Actions for Climate Change

Egyptian Actions

Mitigation actions Adaptation actions


Renewableenergies

GreenInvestments

EnergyConservation

CDMprojects

Mitigation Actions

Mitigation Actions

9

Eng. Ahmed El-GoharyApril 2010

The Mitigation Actions are:

1. Renewable Energy in Egypt: In February 2008, the Higher Council of Energy

approved an ambitious strategy to supply 20% of the generated electricity from renewable energy by 2020,

including 12% from wind energy, and 8% from other renewable resources, mainly hydro and solar energies.

Such plan gives opportunity for private investments to play a major role in achieving this goal.


Renewable Energy in Egypt (continued)

The Egyptian Government supports private participation in renewable energy projects as follows:

More than 7600 sq. km of desert lands have been allowed for future wind projects.

Free customs duties for renewable energy equipments.

Financial risk reduction through long-term Power Purchase Agreement (PPA), for 20-25 years.


2. CDM projects in Egypt


(CDM projects in Egypt (by Sector

Renewable Ene...

Afforestation 2

Waste Manag...Fuel Switching 32

Energy Efficie...

Industry 6

05

101520253035


CDM projects` Situation


1.

3- Energy conservation

3.1. Ministry of Electricity had put a plan for 20% energy saving of domestic consumption by 2020.

using 2008 as base year.

The plan will be activated from 2010.


Energy conservation (continued)

3.2. The Egyptian Government had made a budget of 260 million Egyptian pounds for streets lighting conservation program during 2009/2010 & 2010/2011.

6.1 million energy-saving lamps were sold within the Egyptian market



3.3. There is a great expansion in the usage of Natural Gas in electricity generation.

using combined cycle system instead of liquid fuel.

That increased efficiency by (30% - 40%) and reduce CO2 emissions .



3.4. Ministry of Trade & Industry had put a plan for 20% Energy Conservation in industrial activities.

Using 2007 as a base year.

The plan will be activated by 2015.



3.5. Participation in Earth Hour Initiative 27 March 2009 & 2010,

by turning lights off in public places like the Pyramids, the Citadel , Cairo tower and the main roads from 8:30 PM to 9:30 PM.

Results were: In 2009, about 50 Mwt /hr reduction. while in 2010, about 100 Mwt /hr reduction.



3.6. Ministry of Investment has prepared a database for all energy use in public companies

in preparation to start the studies of energy saving for each sector separately:

Chemical Industries Metals Textiles Food & Beverage Pharmaceuticals..

75


4. Green Investments in Egypt

4.1. Taxi Replacement project Applied In Greater Cairo. aims at reducing both CO2 emissions & air pollution

(.taxi (20 years old min 43,000lit./100 km 14

ton CO 263,6712/ yearReduction

New gasoline cars(lit./100km 12)

&(CNG cars (8 kg/100km

Will be replaced

The project will reduce


Green Investments (continued)

4.2. Ministry of Investment with collaboration of the Egyptian Stock Market had launched a new stock index for social responsibility. Environmental performance and social responsibility are

the main components of this index.

Such Index will encourage the Egyptian companies` stakeholders to:

• follow the environmental regulations• improve their companies social and environmental

performance22Eng. Ahmed El-GoharyApril 2010


4.3. A Month ago, the Egyptian Cabinet of Ministers launched an energy production program out of solid waste.

The program will start in Giza & Alexandria governorates.

TOR in preparation phase for the tender (by the technical committee in the Ministry of Environment)



4.4. Ministry of Investment stresses on the environmental requirements for newly applied projects

In order to insure the environmental compliance.



4.5. A new industrial law is under preparation with incentives for:

energy saving and clean energy usage within industrial sector.



4.6. The Egyptian Industrial Modernization Center with the McKinsey & Company consultation made a preliminary study about “Egypt GHG: Emissions & Reduction Strategy” which is not published yet.

Data of this study has been collected from available published sources.

with focus on 5 key sectors:• Energy• Buildings• Cement industry • Transportation• Agriculture



4.7. The Egyptian Parliament has approved additional funds in the public budget (about 9 billion Egyptian pounds) for infrastructure projects in:

sewage & drinking water to villages & rural areas (adaptation action).

4.8. Currently in the Egyptian Parliament, there is a discussion about PPP Law (Private Public Partnership)

That will encourage a lot of large private investment opportunities in Egyptian market.


Egyptian Actions for Climate Change

Egyptian Actions

Mitigation actions Adaptation actions


:Adaptation Actions

According to the forth (IPCC) Report in 2007,

Egypt is expected to face a huge risks and threats.


…Such as Sea level rise Temperature increase Affecting water resources and irrigation Affecting agriculture, livestock and food

sources Affecting coastal areas Affecting tourist areas Impact on public health


Expected Scenarios for Sea Level Rise on the Egyptian Delta


Accordingly……

The Ministry of Environment is working with cooperation of all other ministries,

to put an adaptation strategy for the climate change in Egypt


1. Implementing the Egyptian program for Climate Changes CCRMP 2008-2011,

Funded by UNDP & the Spanish government to achieve the Millennium Goals.

The program implemented by many ministries and sectors.

..More efforts for adaptation


2. The Egyptian Ministry of water resources is developing a program for Forecasting and Monitoring the water resources and protecting the Egyptian coastal zones.

3. The Egyptian Ministry of Agriculture is doingstudies for new crops production to adopt climate change effects.


Thank you

Eng./ Ahmed El [email protected]


Documents

Climate Change - OECD · climate change in Egypt April 2010 Eng. Ahmed El-Gohary 32. 1. Implementing the Egyptian program for Climate Changes CCRMP 2008-2011, Funded by UNDP & the