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Michigan Transportation Planning AssociationAugust 2, 2012
Jim Thorne
Climate Change and
Transportation Planning
Overview
Climate Change and Transportation
Addressing climate change in the planning process
(mitigation and adaptation)
Co-benefits and Communication
Resources
Transportation: Mitigation and Adaptation
Transportation ActivityDriving, shipping, transit, rail, operations,
maintenance, etc.
GHG EmissionsCO2, CH4, N2O, etc.
Changes to ClimateSea levels (lakes and streams), temperature,
precipitation, storms
Impacts on TransportationInfrastructure, operations, users, suppliers,
services, travel demand
GHG MitigationSlow rate of change and reduce impacts
Climate Change AdaptationPlan for and deal with expected impacts
Transportation Strategies to Reduce GHG
• Vehicles: Raise vehicle energy efficiency
• Fuels: Reduce carbon content of fuels
• Amount of Travel: Reduce VMT
• Vehicle and System Operations:
Improve system and operational efficiencies
• Construction, Maintenance, and Agency Operations
Transportation System Efficiencies
• Traffic flow improvements
–ITS/Management and Operations
–Improved Intermodal connections
Travel (by SOV) Activity Reduction
• Reducing VMT
–Land Use strategies
–Bike/ped
–Transit
–Pricing
Connections to Transportation Planning
23 U.S.C.134 and 49 U.S.C. 5303
. . .national policy that the MPO designated for
each urbanized area is to carry out a continuing,
cooperative, and comprehensive multimodal
transportation planning process, including the development
of a metropolitan transportation plan and a transportation
improvement program (TIP), that encourages and promotes
the safe and efficient development, management, and
operation of surface transportation systems to serve the
mobility needs of people and freight (including accessible
pedestrian walkways and bicycle transportation facilities)
and foster economic growth and development, while
minimizing transportation-related fuel
consumption and air pollution; 23CFR450.300
Transportation Planning Factors
a) Support economic vitality
b) Increase safety
c) Increase security
d) Increase accessibility and mobility
e) Protect and enhance the environment
f) Enhance connectivity across and between modes
g) Promote efficient system management and operation
h) Preserve the existing transportation system
Linkage Opportunities in Planning Regulation
Energy and environmental concerns
Integrated transportation system, system
preservation, safety and security
Transportation demand and system
management strategies
Consultation
Integrating Climate Change into the Transportation Planning Process, FHWA, 2008
Vision and Goals
Trends and Challenges
Strategies and Improvement Projects
Performance Measures
Where Climate Change May Show Up in Plans:
Actions from One MPO Plan
Baltimore: Transportation Outlook 2035, 2007
Environmental Stewardship Section of Plan
Specific strategies that will reduce GHG emissions include:
Truck stop electrification
Incident management
Alternative fuel vehicle purchases
Park-and-ride lot improvements
Rideshare coordination
Telework promotion
Climate Change – Model Language in
Transportation Plans, FHWA, 2010
State and Regional Transportation Plans
What is climate change?
How does transportation contribute to climate change?
Why should transportation plans address climate change?
How does the plan address climate change?
TRR 2219, TRB
Incorporating Climate Change
Considerations into Transportation Planning
Incorporating Climate Change
Considerations into Transportation Planning
Vision
GHG emissions, mitigation, adaptation
Climate change facts
Goals, Objectives, and Performance Measures
Current goals that support GHG reduction
GHG mitigation (with policy approval)
Likely effects of climate change on existing goals
GHG reduction targets
Performance measures
TRR 2219, TRB
Incorporating Climate Change
Considerations into Transportation Planning
Analysis
Incorporate GHG analysis into process
Long term urban form/land use effects on GHG
Collect data related to assessing vulnerability
Cost effectiveness of mitigation strategies
Identify Strategies
Identify potential adaptation strategies
Scenario Planning – climate change scenario
GHG Reduction Strategies in existing process (CMP)
Evaluation
GHG emissions mitigation and adaptation as criteria
TRR 2219, TRB
Key Role for MPOs in CC&E Planning
a) Shaping a consistent vision
b) Providing forum for collaboration
c) Funding climate/energy strategies
d) Implementing climate/energy strategies
e) Providing technical assistance to others
66
86
33
46
65
AMPO webinar: Climate Change and Energy Planning for MPOS, 1/10/12
%
CLIMATE CHANGE AND ENERGY USE –Decrease the use of fossil fuels through reduced
travel demand, technology advancements, and a
transition to renewable energy sources.
Objectives:
Reduce regional transportation‐related greenhouse
gas emissions.
Reduce regional transportation‐related energy use
derived from fossil fuels.
Select Strategies:
Include CC&E considerations in planning and programming
Improvement management of existing system
Land Use Integration
Implement Trails and Greenways system
MARC
Planning for:
• Grid street patterns, short blocks, streetscapes
• Transit and transit supportive land use
• Planning for bike and pedestrian travel
• Land use (as it supports transportation and vice versa)
• System efficiencies
• Travel Demand Management
Opportunities to Address Climate ChangeOpportunities to Address Livability
Co-benefits of Strategies
Most transportation strategies have benefits that
go well beyond GHG reductions:
Energy savings
Reductions in other air pollutants
Congestion relief
Alternative modes
Land conservation
Safety
Produced by the U.S. DOT Climate Change
Center
Analyzes:
• Transportation greenhouse gas (GHG)
emissions levels and trends
• Strategies for reducing these emissions
Scope:
• Full range of strategies
• All transportation modes
• Primarily synthesis
• GHG reduction, costs, co-benefits, impact on
DOT goals, key interactions
Mandated by the Energy
Independence and Security Act
of 2007
DOT Report to Congress
http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/32000/32700/32779/DOT_Climate_Change_Report_-_April_2010_-_Volume_1_and_2.pdf
Energy and Emissions Reduction Policy Analysis
Tool (EERPAT) and GHG Mitigation Reference
Handbook for Estimating GHG Emissions in the
Transportation Planning Process (Late 2012)
Potential GHG Reductions from Highway Operation and
Management Strategies (Late 2012)
Planning-Level Assessment of Construction and
Maintenance Emissions (2013)
Peer Exchanges- Mitigation & Adaptation
FHWA/AMPO Climate Change Webinars
FHWA Mitigation Activities
Sea level rise and storm surge
Precipitation changes
More intense precipitation events
Flooding
Snowpack changes
Increase in hurricane intensity
Increase in very hot days
Permafrost thawing
What Climate Changes Will Impact Transportation?
Adaptation
Gulf Coast Studies
Vulnerability/Risk Assessment Models and Pilots
Regional Climate Change Effects
Framework for Considering Climate Change in
Transportation and Land Use Planning (Cape Cod)
Assessing Criticality in Transportation Adaptation
Planning
Use of Climate Information in Vulnerability
Assessments
www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/climate_change/
FHWA Adaptation Activities
Communication:
TRB/National Academies Resources
TRB Modal Primer on Greenhouse Gas and Energy
Issues for the Transportation Industry
• Good introduction to transportation GHG issues
America’s Climate Choices series (NAS)
• Four reports summarizing the state of climate science,
mitigation, and adaptation approaches
• Very concise and understandable fact sheets available
• http://americasclimatechoices.org/
Communication: FHWA Resources
Educating the Public on CC Issues: DOT and
MPO Best Practices• Summary of outreach activities conducted by DOTs and
MPOs
Climate Change: Model Language in
Transportation Plans• Climate change excerpts from actual transportation planning
documents
These reports, and others posted at
www.fhwa.dot.gov/hep/climate/resources.htm
