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Climate Change and the NENA Region
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FAO’s Goals
• Eradication of hunger, food insecurity and malnutrition• Elimination of poverty- sustainable livelihoods; and• Sustainable management and utilization of natural resources
(Land, water, air, climate and genetic resources)
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The Water Scarcity InitiativeThe Water Scarcity InitiativeSO1 SO3SO2 SO4 SO5Clic
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Delivery Mechanisms- Regional Initiatives and Country ProgrammingFrameworks (CPFs):
15 initiatives in the 5 FAO regions, 3 are in NENA region, the FAO RNEInitiatives are:
Water Scarcity – SO2Sustainable small-scale agriculture - SO3Building Resilience to Enhance Food Security and Nutrition – SO5
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FAO Near East and North Africa Region
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NENA Region
Food demand is expected to increase 3X the current level.
The available conventional water resources remain the same and over60% of the surface water comes from outside the region
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NENA Region
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10
IPCC –Global average temperatures have risen by about 0.74 degreesCelsius over the past 100 years and are forecasted to further riseby at least 1.4 degrees Celsius by the end of this century (even ifemissions were stopped today) due to the long lasting effect ofalready emitted GHGs.
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The question is not what agriculture the region wants, but whatagriculture can the region afford sustainably!
Water scarcity coupled with climate change impact is a particularchallenge of the NENA region and pose extraordinary challenges forfood security and disaster risk reduction
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The current food production, generally, is below its potential; 20-30%increase is within a reach with current knowledge and technologies withCC impacts in mind; this potential increase will help reduce the foodgap, but the region will continue to have food deficiency;
Climate change- may lead to a food production shortfall; in Russia, awheat exporter, wheat production is predicted to fall by 50% or more -Potential food supply and demand imbalance is likely;
Food access and utilization are often not given attention-30% ofharvest and post-harvest losses for some commodities…..WasteReduction need more attention;
Move from traditional water management to space-based managementoffers great opportunity; and
National and regional collaborative strategies on sustainable agriculturalwater management and food security are becoming a necessity;
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13
Emerging Task to FAO
FAO will need to work to translate thecommitments of COP21 into viable programmaticdirections for discussion with its main partners.
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The region must increase its green sector productivity and production ina Climate Smart Agriculture Approachup by 50%?]
Source:OECD
Climate-smart agriculture promotes production systems that sustainably increaseproductivity, resilience (adaptation), reduces/removes GHGs (mitigation), and enhancesachievement of national and regional food security and development goals
Sou
rce:
OEC
D
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The Green Climate Fund – programmingResult areas
Importance of the agricultural sectors is reflected in GCF priorities
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Unique strengths in CC– providing member countries with highly valued technical
support, information, and tools;– helping government agencies and other partners to
harmonize climate change and DRR policies andstrategies; and
– acting as a trusted facilitator and neutral source oftechnical data among global climate-related institutionsand forums.
This makes FAO a natural partner to CTCN and an activeimplementing agency for Climate Finance Institutions
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Policy Practices Investment Tools
FAO actions on CSA
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Scaling out through Community-Based ApproachField Demonstration Platform:• Project Managed Demonstration Fields (PMDF)• Extension-Farmers Managed Demonstration Fields (E-FMDF)• Farmers Managed Demonstration Fields (FMDF)• Neighbor-Influenced Farms (NIF)
Evidence-Based: Monitoring and documentations to show the impact
Pathway to Impact- the ApproachFAO & other DAs
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Few Case studies
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• Demonstration farms• Progressive farmers• Neighbouring Farmers• Farmer Groups• Farm Field School
• Technology generation• Piloting and validation• Value Chain Analysis• Knowledge Sharing• Workshops and Focused Meetings• Research Private business
interested in AR4D• Capacity development
• Market Study & EvaluationCommercialization
• Piloting: Government-Private Sector partnerships
• Piloting: FarmingCommunity-Private Sector
• Contract farming
Research For Development
Research-To-BusinessPlatform
Farming Communities“Target Groups”
Government Involvement and Encouragement
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FAO actions on CSAClic
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22
it was proven to increase yields by 17-20% to save ‘applied’ irrigation water of 1,100 m3/ha, inaverage.The objective of further dissemination of improved water technologies and agronomic packagesis to close the yield and water productivity gaps”
Morocco and Tunisia
TITLE: Closing wheat yield gap and improvingcrop water productivity in the context of waterscarcity and climate change through the out-scaling of deficit supplemental irrigationpackage in North Africa region
Deficit supplemental irrigation
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Inefficient furrow irrigation
Efficient- Low-head sprinklerirrigation
AdvantageImprove seasonal irrigationefficiency from <40% to >75%
courtesy of ICARDA (Sudan)
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Furrow irrigation Flat bed irrigation
Advantage31 % increase in grain yield24 % saving in irrigation water73 % increase in WUE
courtesy of ICARDA (Egypt) 24
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Technology transfer and scaling out activitiesClic
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Thank you
Margarita [email protected]
Fawzi [email protected]
http://www.fao.org/home/en/
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