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Climate Change Adaptation Act and related activities in Japan
November 6th, 2018The 24th AIM International Workshop Session 7: Impact and Adaptation (2)
Climate Change Strategy Collaboration Office/Regional Environmental Impact Assessment Section,
Center for Social and Environmental Systems ResearchKazutaka Oka
Outline
1. Introduction
2. Climate Change Adaptation Act
3. Development of adaptation information infrastructure
3.1 A-PLAT (Climate Change Adaptation Information Platform)
3.2 AP-PLAT (Asia-Pacific Climate Change Adaptation Information Platform)
4. Summary
2
1. Introduction
• Climate change has already been observed globally and locally (also in Japan) and posed severe impacts on our nature and society. Thus, taking steps toward adaptation is very important to mitigate and avoid such impacts.
• Activities related to adaptation in Japan: 1st National Adaptation Plan (NAP) in 2015 Climate Change Adaptation Act
was enacted in June, 2018 will be enforced in December, 2018
• Activities related to adaptation at NIES: Development of information platform (A-PLAT and AP-PLAT) Adaptation program started at NIES since FY 2018
• “Center for Climate Change Adaptation” will be established in Dec.3
4
2. Climate Change Adaptation Act (outline)
4
5
Clarify roles played by central/local government, businesses and citizens (Article3-6)
・Promote adaptation according to local conditions;・Provide information to promote adaptation measures of local businesses; etc.
・Adaptation in business;・Involved in national & local adaptation
Purpose (Article 1)Purpose of this Act is to promote climate change adaptation, thereby contributing to the
health and cultural life of the Japanese people, both now and in the future.
・Better understanding of adaptation;・Involved in national & local adaptation
・Formulate and promote policies and measures・Establish of systems to collect, analyze and provide data
Definitions (Article 2)
Climate change impacts: life, economy and natural environment posed by climate change Climate change adaptation: measures to prevent or mitigate its adverse effects to ensure steady life,
sound growth of society and economy or to conserve natural environment
si
Citizen
Business
CentralGov.
Local gov. Promoteby Actors
Each actor’s role
2. Climate Change Adaptation Act
Develop collaborative efforts involving Central & Local Gov, Business, Citizens Promote effective measures in sectors based on reliable and detailed information
Based on scientific findings of impact projections …•Food products with high-temperature-resistant varieties•Set up fishing grounds according to its travel route•Maintain flood control facility•Develop flood risk maps.•Promote heat illness prevention measures and so on
Adaptation Planning & Impact Assessment
National government shall formulate NAP to promote adaptation in each sector
Develop of evaluation methodologies (Article 9)Develop Methodologies to evaluate the progress of adaptation under NAP
Climate Change Impact Assessments (Article 10)MoEJ shall conduct impact assessments every 5 years. NAP needs to be revised accordingly (Article 8).
Collaboration with other policy (Article 15)Promote adaptation by collaborating withrelevant polices including disaster prevention, promotion of agriculture, forestry and fisheries and biodiversity conservation (incorporation of adaptation to existing measures).
Formulation of NAP (Article 7)
6Survey & evaluate progress
Impact Assessment
every 5yearsPlan
Do
Check
Action
Develop evaluation
methodologies
Formulate or revise NAP
Implement measuresImprove the plan
2. Climate Change Adaptation Act
7
Promote adaptation in local areasLocal climate change adaptation plans (Article 12)
According to NAP, municipalities should formulate local adaptation plans (LAPs) (collaborative plans are acceptable).
Climate change adaptation center (Article 12)Municipalities are encouraged to appoint a Local Climate Change Adaptation Center as a hub for collecting, organizing, analyzing and providing local climate change data (collaborative centers are acceptable).
Climate change regional council (Article 13)Local stakeholders can organize Climate Change Regional Councils to promote adaptation measures locally in cooperation with local governments, climate change adaptation centers and businesses (secretariat: MoEJ local branches).
adaptation center
Appoint
Localgovernment
information & technical advices
Regional Council (6 regions )
Local Branches of the government
NIES
Businesses etc.
documents, explanation
requestcooperation
National researchinstitutes
The government should provide information to promote adaptation measures of local governments (Article 19).
2. Climate Change Adaptation Act
7
3. Development of adaptation information infrastructure
20162017 2018
Nov.27 2015National Adaptation Plan of Japan
AugustApril2015Nov.
Trial Test site,Logo design,Etc.
MarchRenewalMap viewer
Launched
Dec.AdaptationBusiness
MarchIndividualsrenewal
8
A-PLATfor Japan
AP-PLATfor Asia-Pacific
COP23Demonstration
3.1 A-PLAT (Climate Change Adaptation
Information Platform)
9
10
Local adaptation center
Appoint NIES as the core of information infrastructure for adaptationNIES shall collect, organize, analyze and provide information related to climate change
impacts and adaptationNIES shall provide technical advices to local governments
Example of the main contents of A-PLAThttp://www.adaptation-platform.nies.go.jp/index.html
Projection of Rice yields*high quality
Projection of Disappearing
beach
5. Development of adaptation information infrastructure (Article 11)
NIES
collaboration Local governmentTechnical advice
NIES shall consider the utility of information about climate change impacts provided by citizens
Share Infor.
*local universities & research institutes
*Agriculture, DRR & others
<period> end of the 21st century (2081-2100) <scenario> with strict mitigation (RCP2.6)
National research institutes
Climate Change Adaptation Act
10
Climate Change Adaptation Platform (A-PLAT)
• A-PLAT (Climate Change Adaptation Platform) is a ”One-stop” online resource for adaptation to climate-change impacts in Japan. Aims at being a basis for adaptation actions of local governments,
businesses, and citizens. Collects and provides climate risk information and best practices;
develops tools to promote adaptation actions. Operated by the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES)
with cooperation of relevant ministries. Stakeholders of A-PLAT are
Local Government Private Sectors Individuals & Communities
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Key pages are:1. What’s Climate Change Adaptation?
2. National Adaptation Plan
3. National & Local impact Info.
4. For stakeholders(local government, private sectors,
citizens)
5. Tools and Links
6. English site
Consists of 6 key sections
Outline of A-PLAT
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http://www.adaptation-platform.nies.go.jp/
• Future climate projections and quantitative climate-change impact assessment by prefecture level
Index: Rice yield (quality oriented)Period: the end of 21th
National and local impact information
13
RCP2.6
RCP8.5
・ MRI-AGCM3.2S NHRCM05
Model
・ RCP 8.5
Scenario
・ End of the 21 century
Period
・ Temperature・ Maximum Temperature・ Minimum Temperature・ Precipitation・ Snow amonts・ Snow depth
Indices
National and local impact information
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by meteorological agency
Local Governments
Individuals
Private Sector• Climate risk• Adaptation Business
Business workshop (1. Nov 2017)156 participants
Municipal Adaptation Planning Guideline
List of adaptation plans by local gov.
Interview
Information for stakeholders
15
3.2 AP-PLAT (Asia-Pacific Climate Change Adaptation
Information Platform)
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17
Climate change as opportunity to develop new market
Promote International cooperation (Article 18)
•Develop system for sharing information• Promote technical transfer regarding adaptation in developing areas
7. Promotion within & without Japan Better understanding by private sectors and
citizens (Article 17)
•Promote activities of dissemination and education for better understanding
Risk management under climate change
Rice yield projection in Indonesia
Flood projection in Philippine
Information on climate risksin developing countries
Asia-Pacific region
AP-PLAT (Asia-Pacific Adaptation Climate Change Adaptation Platform)
Promote adaptation business (Article 19)
•Encourage private sectors to adapt •Promote Adaptation business
Climate Change Adaptation Act
17
Asia-Pacific Climate Change Adaptation Information PlatformAnnounced the launch of AP-PLAT at COP22
18
A tentative version of the AP-PLAT for a demonstration at COP23Introduction of a demonstration website of AP-PLAT
19
http://www.adaptation-platform.nies.go.jp/en/ap-plat/
Annual mean temperature in the end of 21th century predicted by MIROC-ESM-CHEM whichhas been cooperatively developed by the University of Tokyo, NIES, and JAMSTEC withRepresentative Concentration Pathways 8.5 (RCP8.5)
Introduction of a demonstration website of AP-PLAT
20
Water-stressed population based on the Falkenmark indicator (water resources per capita:m³/year/capita) in the end of 21th century used MIROC-ESM-CHEM climate prediction outputwith Representative Concentration Pathways 8.5 (RCP8.5).
Introduction of a demonstration website of AP-PLAT
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National Adaptation planning in each country
Introduction of a demonstration website of AP-PLATUnder development
☜ Click
22
Financial Information GCF, GEF, CTCN etc.
Introduction of a demonstration website of AP-PLATUnder development
23
4. Summary
• Now we are in the very important phase to take step toward adaptation. Climate Change Adaptation Act
was enacted in June, 2018 will be enforced in December, 2018
• NIES contributes to promote adaptation activities by research and disseminative activities: Development of information platform (A-PLAT and AP-PLAT) Adaptation program started at NIES since FY 2018
• “Center for Climate Change Adaptation” will take a lead in promotion of adaptation activities in Japan.
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