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Aerospace
•Spacecrafts & Spacesuits
•Health Monitoring
•Energy
•Food
•Electronics
From comets to asteroids, planets to
moons, stars to galaxies, and nebula
to black holes, the universe is a vast
and undiscovered place larger than
humans can truly imagine.
How can small science help us
explore such a big universe?
http://www.physics.usyd.edu.au/about/news_items/mcnaughtComet.shtml
How Big Is Nano?
http://www.terressentials.com/exposure.html
http://www.nano.gov/html/facts/The_scale_of_things.html
NASA’s Nanotechnology Goals
Nanotechnology Program Elements
- Nanoelectronics and Computing
- Sensors
- Structural Materials
http://www.ipt.arc.nasa.gov/Graphics/nanotech_nasamissions.ppt
Nanotechnology in Aerospace
Nanotechnology will revolutionize aerospace industry and space exploration. Nanotechnology is the utilization of materials, devices and systems ranging from 1 to 100 nanometers in
size.
http://www.liv.ac.uk/nanoscale/http://www.physorg.com/news5043.htmlhttp://www.engr.uiuc.edu/news/archive/index.php?xId=071508800672
Future Space Travel
Lightweight solar cells will also help bring down the pricetag for space travel. Both of these developments in nanotechnology would significantly reduce the need for rocket fuel, an expensive commodity.http://www.myreviews101.com/tag/unbelievable
http://www.sprol.com/?p=322 http://nanopedia.case.edu/NWPage.php?page=aerospacehttp://blog.wired.com/wiredscience/2007/09/nasa-terminates.html
Could nanotechnology make space
travel less expensive and more
practical? Traveling to and through
space using a space elevator created
with nanotechnology is a far-out idea
that could certainly reduce expenses.
On a more
realistic note...
1. New Spacecrafts and
Spacesuits Using
Nanotechnology
• Ultra-small sensors, power sources, as well as communication, navigation, and propulsion systems with very low mass, volume and power consumption could be developed using nanotechnology.
• Developments in electronics at the nanoscale are leading to autonomous, “thinking” spacecraft.
• Networks of ultra small probes can investigate planetary surfaces.
• Micro-rovers should be able to drive, hop, fly, and burrow.
• Microspacecraft will be able to make a variety of measurements.
http://www.ipt.arc.nasa.gov/Graphics/nanotech_nasamissions.ppthttp://www.greentechforum.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/08/space_elevator.jpghttp://www.geekologie.com/mt/mt-search.cgi?tag=luxury&blog_id=1
New materials, nanosensors and
miniaturized robots could also improve
the performance of spaceships.
On the next page you’ll see the timeline for NASA’s use of nanotechnology to improve spacecraft and spacesuit materials.
2002 2005 2010 2015
NANOTUBE
COMPOSITES
MULTIFUNCTIONAL
MATERIALS
Tacky
Non-tacky
temperature
SELF-
HEALING
MATERIALS
Nano-Materials Roadmap
Impact on Space Transportation, Space Science and HEDS
SELF-ASSEMBLING
MATERIALS
Generation 3 RLV
HEDS Habitats
Nanotextiles
Mis
sio
n C
om
ple
xit
y
Strong Smart Structures
RLV Cryo Tanks
Production of
single CNT
CNT* Tethers
*CNT = Carbon Nanotubes
2002 2010 2020 2030
Biomimetics and Bio-inspired SystemsImpact on Space Transportation, Space Science and Earth
ScienceM
iss
ion
Co
mp
lex
ity
Biological Mimicking
Embryonics
Extremophiles
DNA
Computing
Brain-like
computing
Self Assembled
Array
Artificial nanopore
high resolution
Mars in situ
life detector
Sensor Web
Biological nanopore
low resolution
Skin and Bone
Self healing structure
and thermal protection
systems
Biologically inspired
aero-space systems
Space Transportation
http://www.ipt.arc.nasa.gov/Graphics/nanotech_nasamissions.ppt
Computers in Space
They will be compact,
powerful, use little power and resist
radiation.
Of course, these computers will be
able to process all types of satellite
information and assist in improved
monitoring of the climate on earth.
http://www.geekologie.com/mt/mt-search.cgi?tag=luxury&blog_id=1http://farm2.static.flickr.com/1006/543184498_a849f5ffe0_o.jpg
Imagine the advantage of
nanotechnology in computer
systems in space.
Itsy-Bitsy Rovers
Thanks to nanotechnology microscopic and even nanoscopic rovers will be sent to explore other planets and collect data.
http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/technology/images_videos/iv_pages/d040699b.html
http://www-robotics.jpl.nasa.gov/tasks/taskImage.cfm?TaskID=40&tdaID=2484&Image=141
http://conferences.esa.int/FPD/info/tos-mm001128c.gif
2. Health in Space
Manned spacecraft will have biological nanosensors to monitor the conditions within the spacecraft.
http://www.lpi.usra.edu/education/explore/space_health/
In fact, the nanosensors and nanorobots on manned expeditions will monitor the life support system as well as the propulsion system to increase the overall success of future missions. What other uses might we find for this technology here on planet Earth?
Nanotechnology for Astronauts’
Health
Nanotechnology hopes to help monitor circulatory and lymphatic systems and send messages when there are irregularities.
Also, it will check pulse and brainwave activities.
http://blog.tropika.net/tropika/2008/06/03/let-me-%E2%80%98plague%E2%80%99-among-the-stars/
Healthy Spacesuits
Spacesuits will not only monitor the health and of
the astronauts. Comfortable, lightweight, thin and
flexible fabrics can be designed to protect them from
diseases.
http://www.lpi.usra.edu/education/explore/space_health/
3. Eat the Whole Package!
Nanofoods, too, will be
protected from pathogens,
disease-causing germs. Even
the packaging will be made to
be eaten! To save energy,
foods will be designed so that
they will be lighter and don't
need to be refrigerated to stay
fresh.
The Columbia Tragedy
February 1, 2003 Columbia Space Shuttle disintegrated
on its descend back to Earth. The first indication was
the loss of temperature sensors on the left wing. Foam
had struck the left wing. There was loss of tire
pressure warnings on the left main gear and an
indication of excessive structural heating.
Electronics in Aerospace
Nanotechnology Electronics Helping
to Prevent Another Disaster
• Biosensors
– Biologically-based sensing devices
– Space shuttle material
• Lighter weight
• More durable
• Withstand 1000 degrees Celsius
• Nanosensors and miniature robots
• Better monitoring system for propulsion systems and life support resulting in higher mission success rates
On the next two pages are pictoral description of some of these followed by NASA’s timeline for developing better electronics and computers for aerospace using nanotechnology.
http://cache.daylife.com/imageserve/0cXf5a78Oga1Y/340x.jpg
http://nanopedia.case.edu/image/nano%20aerospace.JPGwww.engr.ucr.edu/.../2005/highschool/Nanotechnology%20in%20Space%20-%20Emmet,%20Chris,%20Samuel.ppt
http://cache.daylife.com/imageserve/0cXf5a78Oga1Y/340x.jpghttp://nanopedia.case.edu/image/nano%20aerospace.JPG
2002 2005 2010 2015
Biomimetic,
radiation resistant
molecular
computing
Nanoelectronics and Computing Roadmap
Impact on Space Transportation, Space Science and Earth Science
CNT Devices
Biological Molecules
Ultra high
density
storage
Mis
sio
n C
om
ple
xit
y
Compute Capacity
RLV
hne-
Nano-electronic
components
Europa Sub
Robot Colony
Sensor Web
http://www.ipt.arc.nasa.gov/Graphics/nanotech_nasamissions.ppt
Bio-Inspired
Nanoelectronics in Space
improving and monitoring the health of astronauts (which
will be presented later in this presentation).
http://www.lpi.usra.edu/education/explore/space_health/
But nature has suggested many
ways for scientists to improve
spacecrafts and spacesuits with bio-
inspired nanotechnology.
On the next page is NASA’s timeline for
incorporating some of these ideas.
A person might think that developments
in biotechnology would be limited to
Nanosensor RoadmapImpact on Space Transportation, HEDS, Space Science and
Astrobiology2002 2005 2015
Mis
sio
n C
om
ple
xit
y
Sensor Capacity1999
DSI RAX
2003
ISPPMissions too early
for nanotechnology
impact
Space station
Europa Sub
Mars Robot Colony
Sensor Web2020
Nanotube Vibration
Sensor for Propulsion
Diagnostics
Optical Sensors
for Synthetic
Vision
Nanopore for in situ
biomark-sensor
Multi-sensor
Arrays (Chemical,
optical and bio)
2010
Sharp CJV
http://www.ipt.arc.nasa.gov/Graphics/nanotech_nasamissions.ppt
Social, Environmental and
Ethical Concerns
1. Might these nanotechnology developments in
aerospace infringe on human rights?
2. Could any of them decrease privacy of individuals?
3. Could the use of nanotechnology for aerospace
have unwanted and negative environmental effects?
4. What economic impact could the use of
nanotechnology in aerospace have on producers,
consumers, and other industries? Might they be
negative or positive?
What About Your Rights?
If so, are these developments
more important than
•Your privacy?
•Your rights as a citizen?
•Your rights as a human being?
Are the answers somewhere in between?
Planning Your
Presentation
http://media.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/photo/2007/02/15/PH2007021502068.jpghttp://www.presentationalspeaking.com/images/pic_2.jpg
To prepare for your
presentation, answer
these questions using
reference materials
which can include the
websites linked to this
webquest:
1. What can be done to
maximize the chances that
humans will benefit from,
rather than be harmed by
these new developments?
2. If we can develop these
technologies, should we?
Why?
Aerospace Websites
These are websites which are a good place to start in looking for more information on nanotechnology in aerospace. Then use the general website page linked at the bottom of this page. It is full of nanotechnology sites related to multiple areas including yours. After exhausting these resources you may also wish to use your search engine and appropriate key words and phrases to find more information.
http://ipt.arc.nasa.gov/gallery.html
http://www.understandingnano.com/space.html
http://www.nanotech-now.com/space.htm
http://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotid=2150.php
http://snl.mit.edu/
http://www.newswiretoday.com/news/10784/
http://www.nanotech-now.com/columns/?article=054
http://www.foresight.org/nanodot/?cat=9
http://www.itwire.com.au/content/view/12987/1066/
http://www.ipt.arc.nasa.gov/nanotechnology.html
The space elevator:http://www.wired.com/science/discoveries/news/2003/02/57536
http://www.nss.org/community/roadmap/Aapdfs/Reynolds.pdf
http://www.thespacesite.com/space_nanotechology_applications_in_space.html
http://www.cmt.anl.gov/Science_and_Technology/Basic_Science/Publications/Aluminum_Nanoparticles.pdf
General websites link
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