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Language Learning Strategies in
Second or Foreign Language Teaching
Presented by Dang Phuong Mai
Thai Nguyen, 6/2012
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Content
Definitions of LLS
Identifications of LLS Classifications of LLS
Language learning strategy instruction
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Language learning strategies
Language
Language learning
Language learning strategies
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What is language?
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Language...
is a mean to convey information, to comprehend the social-
historical experience, to communicate with the others or to
plan his own activities.
has rules which involves:
+ word structure (morphology) and sound systematic
organization (phonology)
+ grammar and sentence structures (syntax)
+ word meaning (semantics)
+ social appropriateness (pragmatics).
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Language learning, also second language learning, orsecond
language acquisition refers to the conscious
process of studying a new language apart from their
first language.
Learning a language means knowing the rules, beingaware of them,
and being able to talk about them.
(Krashen, 1981)
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Factors affect the success of learners inlanguage learning
Knowledge background of the first language
Learners factors: attitude, aptitude, personality,
motivation, beliefs, age
Target language learning environment
Learning tasks/activities
Learning strategies
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Definitions of LLS
Rubin (1975): the techniques or devices, which a learner may
use
to acquire knowledge
Weinstein & Mayer (1986): behaviors and thoughts that a
learner
engages in during learning
Mayer (1988): behaviors of a learner that are intended to
influencehow the learner processes information
Oxford (1990): specific actions taken by learners to make
learning
easier, faster, more enjoyable, more self-directed, more
effective,
and more transferable to new situations
Chamot (2004): conscious thoughts and actions that learners
take
in order to achieve a learning goal
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Identifications of LLS
12 key features of language learning strategies (Oxford,
1990)
1) contributing to the main goal, communicative competence
2) allowing learners to become more self-directed
3) expanding the role of teachers
4) being problem-oriented5) having specific actions taken by the
learners
6) involving many aspects of the learner, not just the
cognitive
7) supporting learning both directly and indirectly
8) not always being observable
9) often being conscious
10) being able to be taught
11) being flexible
12) being influenced by a variety of factors
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Language learning strategy instruction
... a teaching approach that aims to raise learner
awareness of learning strategies and providelearners with
systematic practice, reinforcement
and self-monitoring of their strategy use while
attending to language learning activities.
(Kinoshita, 2003)
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Cognitive Academic Language Learning Approach(CALLA) proposed by
Chamot (1994)
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Thank you for your listening!
