Classification of Yarns.pdf

8/9/2019 Classification of Yarns.pdf

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YARN%

%IN&'E YARN% A%%E()'ED YARN% FO'DED YARN%

%*+N YARN% FI'A(ENT YARN%

FAN,Y YARN%FAN,Y YARN%

ROTOR YARN%

RIN& YARN%

-OR%TED YARN%

%E(I.-OR%TED YARN%

-OO''EN YARN%

F'AT FI'A(ENT YARN%

TE/T+RED FI'A(ENT YARN%

)I,O(*ONENT TA*E OR %*'IT FI'( YARN%

,'A%%IFI,ATION OF YARN%


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Yarn may be any of the follo"ing

" #umber of fibers twisted toether

" #umber of filaments without twist

" #umber of filaments twisted with more$less twist

" Sinle filament

" %ne or more strips cut by lenth of a sheet of material ofnatural$ synthetic or any polymer


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TER(%

%*+N YARN% are made by mechanical assembly and twistin toether&spinnin' of Staple fibres such as cotton, flax,

wool,

spun and noil sil(, bro(en or cut man)made fibres

FI'A(ENT YARN% are made by the assembly of continuous filaments, made from sil( or man)made fibres

A (+'TI FI'A(ENT YARN is a filament yarn made from multiple

filaments, assembled with or without twist.

A (ONO FI'A(ENT YARN consists of only a sinle continuous filament from man)made source.


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Two or more yarns which are wound side by side on to same pac(ae,

but without twistin around each other, are called A%%E()'ED

YARN%.

FO'DED OR *'IED YARN% are yarns made by twistin toether Two or more sinle &and$or folded' yarns of the same or different types.

*x+ Ply &two sinles'

,ORD% OR ,A)'ED YARN% are yarns made by twistin toether Two or more ply or folded yarns of the same or different types.

*x+ ,- Ply ord


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Twist /irection

Twists or turns per inch

Twist Factor &0'


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*ro#erties of %#un! Filament and ,ombination Yarns:

0112%#un Yarns: 2armth, Softness, 3iht 2eiht 4deal for T)Shirts, Sweaters and

5lan(ets

0112Filament Yarns: Smoother, Finer and 3ustrous4deal for linins

,ombination of s#un and filament Yarns: /urable,

*asy care, omfortableSuitable for more applications


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Twist

" The purpose of twist is to hold the staplefibers toether

" The twist could be used in different ways toembed different 6ualities to the yarn

" A yarn that is twist balanced will not tend tocurl

" The direction of twist is also important forfurther desinin as this can be used well bydesiners


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Yarn t"ist #arameters:

Amount of t"ist is desinated as TP4 7turns per inch, whichAffects appearance and durability of the yarns.

%#un yarn: 3ow twist Soft twist yarns flexible

& to 8 tpi' ex+ 0nittin fluffier soft

9ih Twist 9ard twist yarns smooth

&: to -: tpi' ex+ weavin firm

stroner

Filament yarns: ;sually low twist Pebbly and harsh surface &8$ to 8 tpi' repe fil. with crepe twist


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Twist /irectionTwist can be inserted in either

of two directions.

S)Twist+ Spirals run upward

to the left &cloc( wise'


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The ma=ority of the sinle yarns are twisted in < direction

S)twist is considered as a reverse twist by the spinner

/irection of twist has no effect on sinle yarns

#ormally the foldin twist is in the opposite direction

to that of the sinle yarns.

5alanced twist is when the foldin twist is approximately

e6ual and opposite to the sinles


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Twist factor

The anle of twist is the factor

that determines how

the yarn will behave.

Yarns with a low twist level have a lower anle of

twist, and will be relatively soft, bul(y yarns

Yarns with hiher twist anles will be stron, lean

and hard yarns

%ver twisted yarns will have very hih twist anles>

They will be very hard, wea(er and snarl easily


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Ty#ial t"ist fators:

%hort sta#le end use Te3 t"ist fator

/oublin weft ?::)-::

@in weft -::)-::

@in warp -B::)C-::

Doile C?::)-::

repe E::)EE::@otor -E::)CE::


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T"ist fator

TanПd

l

l4 1 /

turns #er unit length

d4 56yarn te3

Therefore! tan 7 4 turns #er unit length / 56yarn te3

Turns #er unit length 4 85 56te3

T"ist fator 4 turns #er inh 5 56otton ount


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Twist and 9andle" A soft twisted yarn will ive a

fuy texture.

" A hih twisted yarn will

increase the surface rouhness

and increase the rainy

texture accordin to the

bul(iness.

" The direction of twist and

when they are combined may

ive interestin effects.


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Twist and 5ul(iness

" The bul(ier the yarn, lesser the twist.

" Finer the yarn hiher the twist.

" 5ul(ier yarn needs lesser twist and so it haslesser strenth.

" Finer yarn has more twists and stron.

" 5ut when the twist is increased after particular point the strenth is reduced dueto the brea(ae of the fibers.


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5lends $ Gixtures

" A blend is a combination of two materials at

fiber stae.

" A mix is two materials put toether at a

later stae as strands.

" The texture we et is different from each of

them.

" The desin value of these are hih.


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#eed

" The need for blends or mixes are.

7 ost.

7 /ifferent 6uality that each fiber offers.

7 Gore effective usae of the materials.

7 The necessity of different and in between

6ualities and both the 6ualities.


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/esin Dalues

" The desin values of such blended and

mixed yarn can be explored to ive an

innovative loo( to the textile" Gore innovative processes can be explored

" The desin can happen from yarn stae.


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" Fancy yarns are explorations of the prior

said attributes such as

" Twist

" 5ul(iness

" olor

" Gaterial 7 5lends and Gixes

7 Gaterial&conventional$non)conventional'

Fany Yarns


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Darieties

" 5oucle

" 3oop

" Himp" #ep

" henille

" or(screw" ore spun

" Getallic


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*hysial #ro#erties and #erformane harateristisof different yarn ty#es:

Yarn type General yarn properties

Staple yarns *xcellent 9andle

Hood coverin power " arded cotton Hood comfort ratin" ombed cotton @easonable strenth" 2oollen @easonable uniformity" 2orsted

" 3inen


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Yarn type General yarn properties

,ontinuous filament yarns *xcellent uniformity *xcellent strenth

" #atural an be very fine" #on)synthetic Fair handle"Synthetic Poor coverin power

9igh bul yarns3iht weiht

" Staple Hood coverin power " ontinulous filament Hood loftiness and fullness


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%treth yarns 9ih stetchability

ontinuous filament Hood handle overin power

%#eial end use:

"Tyre cord Purely functional

"@ubber /esined to satisfy a specific)"ore yarn set of conditions"abled

"Split film yarn

Novelty yarns:*xcellent decorative features

"Fancy yarns"Getallic


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;ariables in yarn #rodution

Type of fibre or filament

/imensional and physical characteristics of the fibre$filament

Gechanical properties of the fibre $ filament

Heneral properties

Yarn production systems

omponents of the yarn and percentaes

3inear density and level of twist

Yarn construction

Texturisation and method of texturisation

Documents

Classification of Yarns.pdf