NS2 Research IssuesNS2 Research Issues

What is simulation? *

system under study(has deterministic rules governing its behavior)

Real time inputsto system

(the environment)

system boundary

observer

“real” life

computer programsimulates deterministic rules governing behavior

psuedo random inputsto system

(models environment)

program boundary

observer

“simulated” life

Next: Why Simulation?

Why Simulation? *

• real-system not available, is complex/costly• quickly evaluate design alternatives (eg: different system

configurations)• evaluate complex functions for which closed form formula

or numerical techniques not available

Next: Wireless Network Simulation Areas

• WLAN• Ad-hoc Network• MANET• Sensor Network• Mesh Network• WiMax• MobileIP

Wireless Network Simulation Areas

Next: Research Focus in Wireless Network

5

Research focus in Wireless Network

• Routing protocols– Reactive, proactive, hybrid

• Cluster management– To reduce overhead, to facilitate network management, to

enable QoS, etc.• Quality of service (QoS)– Differentiating among different types of applications

• Medium access– Closing the link, recognizing neighbors, scheduling

transmission, etc.• Other– TCP performance in MANETs, etc.

Next: Methods for Network Research

advantage disadvantageExperiment • realistic • expensive

• sometimes not possible

Mathematical model

• insight •assumptions

Simulation • easy (cheap)• verification

• not much insight• assumptions

Methods for network research

Next: Types of Simulators

• NS/2NS/2 OpenSourceOpenSource• OPNETOPNET CommercialCommercial• OMNET++OMNET++ OpenSource, CommercialOpenSource, Commercial• QualNetQualNet CommercialCommercial• GlomosimGlomosim OpenSourceOpenSource• SSFNETSSFNET OpenSourceOpenSource• JsimJsim OpenSourceOpenSource• PDNSPDNS OpenSourceOpenSource• OpenWNSOpenWNS OpenSourceOpenSource

Type of Simulators

Next: Description about Simulators

NS/2:

Type: Event Based SimulatorSupport: Wired, WLAN, Ad-hoc, MANET, Sensor, Parallel,

Distributed, Optical, P2P, Bluetooth NetworksDevelopment: Up-to-date, Ver. 2.35

Opnet

Type: Fast discrete Event Based SimulatorSupport: Wired, WLAN, Ad-hoc, MANET, VoIP, IPv6,

Distributed, Optical, Grid, Cloud NetworksDevelopment: Up-to-date, GUI, Ver.9.1

Descriptions about Simulators

Next: Description about Simulators

OMNET++:

Type: Component Based SimulatorSupport: Wired, WLAN, Ad-hoc, MANET, Internet,

Optical, ATM, IP Multicast Networks.Development: Up-to-date, GUI, Ver.4.1

Qualnet

Type: Modeling Event Based SimulatorSupport: Wired, WLAN, Ad-hoc, MANET, Sensor, Parallel,

Distributed, Optical NetworksDevelopment: Up-to-date, GUI, Ver.4.5.1

Descriptions about Simulators

Next: Description about Simulators

Glomosim:

Type: Discrete-event Based SimulatorSupport: Wired, WLAN, Ad-hoc, MANET.Development: Final Release 2004, Ver.2.0

SSFNET - Scalable Simulation Framework

Type: Scalable Based SimulatorSupport: Wired, WLAN, Ad-hocDevelopment: Final Release 2004, Ver.2.0.0

Descriptions about Simulators

Next: Discrete Event Based Simulators

• ns-2 is an discrete event driven simulation– Physical activities are translated to events– Events are queued and processed in the order of their scheduled

occurrences– Time progresses as the events are processed

1 2

Time: 1.5 sec Time: 1.7 sec

Time: 1.8 secTime: 2.0 sec

Discrete Event Based Simulator

Next: What is NS-2

What is NS-2

• NEST (Network Simulation Testbed) REAL (Realistic and Large) NS-1 NS-2

• NS-2 is a common network simulator• NS-2 is Open Source Simulator (Gnu Licensed)• NS2 is publicly available at http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-

build.html

Next: NS-2 Versions

NS2 Versions

NS1 Version:NS1 Version:

NS2 Version:NS2 Version:

Wireless external support - CMU MonarchVersion: 2.1b3,2.1b4,2.1b5…9Efficient Version:2.1b7,2.1b92.1b7,2.1b9

Wireless Internal supportVersion: 2.26,2.27……..2.35Efficient Version:2.27,2.29,2.31,2.342.27,2.29,2.31,2.34

Next: NS-2 Download

Download URL: http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/dist/

NS2 Download

Next: NS all in one Package

Ns-all-in-one Package

NS2 Package Linux Supporting Package

TCL/Tk – Tool Command language/Tool Kit

NS – Network Simulator

Nam – Network Animator

Xgraph – Graph Visualizer

Otcl – Object Tcl

GCC – Gnu C++ Compiler

Awk – Analysis Script

Perl – Analysis Language

Gnuplot – Graph Plot

Next: NS Component Model Design

NS Component Model Design

Simulator

Animator

Pre-Processing

Post-Processing

Analysis

Core Design

NS Simulator

Network Animator

Traffic & TopologyGenerator

Trace Analysis

Protocol & Algorithm

Graph Visualization

1

2

3

4

5

6

Next: NS-2 Development Structure

NS2 Development Structure

Core ModelCore Model Architecture ModelArchitecture Model Analysis ModelAnalysis Model

Language: C++C++Compiler: GCCGCC

Language: TCL/TKTCL/TKCompiler: NSNS

Language: PerlPerlScript: AwkAwkCompiler: PerlPerl

Aodv.ccTcp.ccUdp.ccMac.cczzz.cc

Compiler-GCC

Aodv.oTcp.oUdp.oMac.ozzz.o

Stage 1: Stage 2: Stage 3:

1

4

2

3

S

DMAC

AODV

TCP

oTcl

C++

TCL/Tk Compiler-NS

Nam

Trace

Analysis-Perl,Awk

Data

Gnuplot Xgraph

11

22

33

44

55

66Next: Types of Installation

Types of Installation

1. Direct Installation : Linux1. Disadvantage: Separate Partition2. Complex Windows Integration

2. Using CygWin :

1. Disadvantage: Poor Update Performance2. Complex Add-ons Integration

3. Using Vmware :1. Advantage: Restorable2. Easy Integration

Next: Requirements

Requirement:

• Intel Pentium IV Machine with 1Gb RAM• 80GB Hard disk (8Gb Free Space)• Virtual Machine 7.0 Work Station (VMware)• Linux Version : Fedora-17 (Compiler Support)

Next: Simple Steps to Follow: Architectural Model