Civil War Civil War

U.S. HistoryU.S. History

Differences Between Differences Between NorthNorth and and SouthSouth

NorthNorth– Diversified IndustriesDiversified Industries– More manpowerMore manpower– Food productionsFood productions– Railroad systemRailroad system

– All of these where All of these where strengths for the strengths for the Union.Union.

SouthSouth– More veteran More veteran

Generals.Generals.– Highly motivated Highly motivated

soldierssoldiers– ““King Cotton” King Cotton”

– All of these where All of these where strengths for the strengths for the Confederacy.Confederacy.

Strategies of the North and SouthStrategies of the North and South

North North – 3 part plan:3 part plan:

Navy would blockade Navy would blockade Southern ports, so Southern ports, so nothing could be nothing could be exported or imported. exported or imported. Union riverboats and Union riverboats and armies would move armies would move down the Mississippi down the Mississippi River and split the River and split the Confederacy.Confederacy.Union armies would Union armies would capture the capital capture the capital Richmond, Virginia. Richmond, Virginia.

SouthSouth– Mainly defensiveMainly defensive

Attack the North only if Attack the North only if the opportunity arose.the opportunity arose.

Bull RunBull Run

Stonewall Jackson at Bull RunStonewall Jackson at Bull Run

General Thomas J. General Thomas J. JacksonJackson– ““There stands Jackson There stands Jackson

like a Stonewall.”like a Stonewall.”– 11stst Southern Victory Southern Victory– Many Southern Many Southern

soldiers thought they soldiers thought they won the war and went won the war and went home.!!home.!!

Ulysses S. GrantUlysses S. Grant

Union GeneralUnion General

11 days—captured 2 11 days—captured 2 Confederate forts: Confederate forts: Fort Henry and Fort Fort Henry and Fort DonelsonDonelson

Helped to cut the Helped to cut the Confederacy in two.Confederacy in two.

Robert E. LeeRobert E. Lee

Confederate GeneralConfederate General

Willing to go above Willing to go above and beyond to win.and beyond to win.

Rolled his plans to Rolled his plans to attack around some attack around some cigars and an union cigars and an union soldier found them.soldier found them.

AntietamAntietam

Sept 17 Union and North battle.Sept 17 Union and North battle.

Bloodiest single-day battle in American Bloodiest single-day battle in American history.history.

More than 26,000 casualities.More than 26,000 casualities.

Union General McClellan didn’t move the Union General McClellan didn’t move the next day on the South so Lincoln pulled next day on the South so Lincoln pulled him from command. him from command.

Lincoln’s use of PowerLincoln’s use of Power

Lincoln found a way to use his powers to Lincoln found a way to use his powers to abolish slavery.abolish slavery.

South was using the slaves to grow food South was using the slaves to grow food and build necessary items.and build necessary items.

Lincoln ordered troops to seize the Lincoln ordered troops to seize the enemy’s resources.enemy’s resources.

Soldiers could emancipate slaves; making Soldiers could emancipate slaves; making emancipation a weapon of war.emancipation a weapon of war.

Emancipation ProclamationEmancipation Proclamation

January 1 1863 January 1 1863

Please read on the exert in Chapter 4 Please read on the exert in Chapter 4 section 2section 2

Did not free slaves immediatelyDid not free slaves immediately

Gave the war moral purposeGave the war moral purpose

Compromise was NO longer possibleCompromise was NO longer possible

Emancipation ProclamationEmancipation Proclamation

January 1 1863 January 1 1863

Please read on the exert in Chapter 4 Please read on the exert in Chapter 4 section 2section 2

Did not free slaves immediatelyDid not free slaves immediately

Gave the war moral purposeGave the war moral purpose

Compromise was NO longer possibleCompromise was NO longer possible

Women in the WarWomen in the War

Clara BartonClara Barton– American Red CrossAmerican Red Cross– Cared for the sick and Cared for the sick and

wounded on the front wounded on the front lines of battle.lines of battle.

– Tried to help stop the Tried to help stop the spreading of diseases.spreading of diseases.

The War Effects EconomicsThe War Effects Economics

NorthNorth– Expanded their Expanded their

economyeconomy– Food growing areasFood growing areas– Inflation rate roseInflation rate rose– Woolen mills, steel Woolen mills, steel

foundries, and many foundries, and many more industries rose.more industries rose.

– Wages didn’t keep up Wages didn’t keep up with the prices.with the prices.

– Standard of Living Standard of Living declined. declined.

SouthSouth– Shattered their Shattered their

economyeconomy– Food shortagesFood shortages– Loss of field workers Loss of field workers

(Slaves)(Slaves)– Inflation rate roseInflation rate rose– Standard of living Standard of living

declineddeclined– Congress decides to Congress decides to

collect the nation’s 1collect the nation’s 1stst income tax.income tax.

Vocabulary TermsVocabulary Terms

Section 1Section 1– Secession and popular sovereignty Secession and popular sovereignty

Section 2Section 2– Conscription and income taxConscription and income tax– Section 3Section 3

Thirteenth Amendment and John Wilkes BoothThirteenth Amendment and John Wilkes Booth

Battle of GettysburgBattle of Gettysburg

Battle of GettysburgBattle of Gettysburg

PennsylvaniaPennsylvaniaMost decisive battle in the warMost decisive battle in the warJuly 1July 190,000 Union soldiers fought against 75,000 90,000 Union soldiers fought against 75,000 Confederate soldiers.Confederate soldiers.22ndnd day the Confederate soldiers had taken day the Confederate soldiers had taken control of the town.control of the town.3 day event: 23,000 Union men and 28,000 3 day event: 23,000 Union men and 28,000 Confederates were killed and wounded.Confederates were killed and wounded.Please Read the last two paragraphs under the Please Read the last two paragraphs under the Battle of Gettysburg.Battle of Gettysburg.

The Gettysburg AddressThe Gettysburg Address

Gettysburg AddressGettysburg Address

November 1863November 1863

Dedicate a cemetery in GettysburgDedicate a cemetery in Gettysburg

““remade America” in a two minute speechremade America” in a two minute speech

““The United States are..” “The United States is..”The United States are..” “The United States is..”

It is one Unified NationIt is one Unified Nation

VicksburgVicksburg

VicksburgVicksburg

Was a Confederate Strong Hold on the Mississippi RiverWas a Confederate Strong Hold on the Mississippi RiverRested on the bluffs so guns controlled the water traffic.Rested on the bluffs so guns controlled the water traffic.Spring of 1863Spring of 1863General Grierson (Union) troops destroyed rail lines and General Grierson (Union) troops destroyed rail lines and distracted the Confederacydistracted the ConfederacySucceed in 18 daysSucceed in 18 daysFood supply ran low—dog and muleFood supply ran low—dog and muleFell on July 4Fell on July 4thth Five days later the last Confederate strong hold fellFive days later the last Confederate strong hold fell

William ShermanWilliam Sherman

William ShermanWilliam Sherman

Appointed by GrantAppointed by Grant

In charge of the military division in In charge of the military division in MississippiMississippi

Total WarfareTotal Warfare

Raid GeorgiaRaid Georgia

Sherman's MarchSherman's March

18641864Georgia to the seaGeorgia to the seaBurned almost every Burned almost every house in its path.house in its path.Destroyed livestock and Destroyed livestock and railroads.railroads.““so sick of war that so sick of war that generations would pass generations would pass away before they would away before they would appeal to it.”appeal to it.”Nov. burned almost all of Nov. burned almost all of Atlanta.Atlanta.25,000 slaves follow back25,000 slaves follow back

Surrender at AppomattoxSurrender at Appomattox

AppomattoxAppomattox

April 3, 1865April 3, 1865Union troops conquered Richmond, VirginiaUnion troops conquered Richmond, VirginiaSoutherners left the day before burning the city Southerners left the day before burning the city so the North could not take it.so the North could not take it.April 9, 1865 Lee and Grant meet at a private April 9, 1865 Lee and Grant meet at a private home to arrange a surrender.home to arrange a surrender.Grant paroled Lee’s soldiers, sent them home Grant paroled Lee’s soldiers, sent them home with their possessions and 3 days rations.with their possessions and 3 days rations.Officers got to keep their side arms.Officers got to keep their side arms.The Civil War was OVER!!!!!!!!!!!! The Civil War was OVER!!!!!!!!!!!!

1313thth Amendment Amendment

Ratified at the end of 1865Ratified at the end of 1865

““Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States.”shall exist within the United States.”

Lincoln is AssassinatedLincoln is Assassinated

April 14, 1865April 14, 1865

Five days after the surrenderFive days after the surrender

Ford’s TheaterFord’s Theater

““Our American Cousin”Our American Cousin”

John Wilkes Booth shot LincolnJohn Wilkes Booth shot Lincoln

Still there are ProblemsStill there are Problems

How to restore the Southern statesHow to restore the Southern states

How to integrate 4 million newly freed AA How to integrate 4 million newly freed AA into the national lifeinto the national life

Still there are ProblemsStill there are Problems

How to restore the Southern statesHow to restore the Southern states

How to integrate 4 million newly freed AA How to integrate 4 million newly freed AA into the national lifeinto the national life