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Civil War Major Battles. AP US History Unit 6: Civil War and Reconstruction. Fort Sumter. April 12, 1861 South Carolina Lincoln sends supplies to the arsenal with US Navy. South Carolina sees this as a threat and bombards fort for 34 hours. South takes the fort. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Civil War Major BattlesAP US History
Unit 6: Civil War and Reconstruction
April 12, 1861 South Carolina Lincoln sends supplies to
the arsenal with US Navy. South Carolina sees this
as a threat and bombards fort for 34 hours.
South takes the fort. Lincoln responds by
calling for 75,000 troops. The Civil War begins….
Fort Sumter
July 21, 1861 Manassas, Va. Union: McDowell Confederacy:
Beauregard/Jackson The arrival of Confederate
reinforcements helps the South cause a Union retreat.
Southern victory sends a message to the North that this will not be a short and easy war.
Bull Run
March 9, 1862 Hampton Roads, Va. Union: “Monitor” Confederacy:
“Merimack” or “Virginia”.
Fights to a draw. This ended the threat of
the Confederacy breaking the Union blockade of southern ports.
Battle of the Ironclads
Spring, 1862/ June 26-July 2, 1862
James and York Rivers en route to Richmond.
Union: McClellan Confederacy: Jackson/Lee McClellan slow to move.
Overcautious without reinforcements (they were never received) He never invaded Richmond.
The Seven Days battle was Lee’s counter attack which pushed the Union back for a victory for the South.
Richmond was successfully defended.
Peninsula Campaign/Seven Days Battle
August 29-30, 1862 Manassas, Va. Union: John Pope Confederates: Lee Southern victory provides
Lee with confidence to move on Border State Maryland.
Lee and Confederates abandon original battle plan.
What were they hoping for?
Second Battle of Bull Run
September 17, 1862 Antietam Creek, Md. Union: McClellan Confederates: Lee Union finds Lee’s battle plans
and stop the Confederate’s advancement.
The wars turning point. The bloodiest single day battle of
the war. Union “victory” gives Lincoln the
needed momentum to deliver the Emancipation Proclamation.
This changes the character of the war to more of a moral crusade.
Battle of Antietam/Sharpsburg
July 1-3, 1863 Gettysburg, Pa. Union: George Meade Confederates: Lee/Pickett 92,000 Union vs. 76,000
Confederate Union victory during “Pickett’s
Charge” This was the last chance for a
Southern victory. This was the northernmost
advancement for the Confederacy in all of the war.
Broke the back and will of the Confederates.
Lincoln delivers Gettysburg address.
Battle of Gettysburg
July 4, 1863 Vicksburg, Ms. Union: Grant Confederates: John
Pemberton Grant and Union lay
siege to the city of Vicksburg
The Union victory gives them control over the Mississippi River.
Siege of Vicksburg
September, 1864 Atlanta and Savanna,
Georgia Union: William Tecumseh
Sherman “Total War” Destruction of Georgia’s
economy Burning of cities, homes,
crops, cattle, and derailing of RR.
Weakened morale of Confederate soldiers
Sherman’s March to the Sea
May-June 1864 Northern Virginia Grant’s offensive
maneuvering against Lee to get closer to Richmond.
Both sides suffered heavy losses.
Although the Union lost more men, the Confederates couldn’t replenish and were surrounded at Richmond.
Leads to the siege and take over of Richmond.
Wilderness Campaign
April, 1865 Appomattox, Va. Union: Grant Confederates: Lee Lee surrenders to Grant
ending the Civil War. “There is nothing left
for me to do, but to go and see General Grant and I would rather die a thousand deaths.”
The taking of Richmond and Appomattox Courthouse
Images of War
Robert E. Lee Thomas Jonathan “Stonewall” Jackson
Confederate Leaders
George Pickett Pierre Gustave Toutant de Beauregard
Confederate Leaders
Ulysses S Grant George McClellan
Union Leaders
William Sherman George Meade
Union Leaders