CIVIL WARCarly Donahue

Period 7Petition Assignment

CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR Reform Movement Kansas-Nebraska Act and Popular

Sovernty Bleeding Kansas Dred Scott Case Lincoln-Douglas Debates John Brown’s raid on Harper’s Ferry Election of 1860 Southern Secession

REFORM MOVEMENT Caused many to

question Slavery in the south.

Abolitionist Movement caused more people to publically speak out against slavery.

Second Great Awakening

Transcendentalism

Public Education Women Reform Temperance

Movement Abolitionist

Movement

KANSAS-NEBRASKA ACT AND POPULAR SOVERNTY

North South

Afraid that the people would choose to be a slave state and slavery would further expand.

Would destroy the Missouri Compromise.

Wanted popular sovernty to be accepted because it would give them a chance to gain land formerly belonging to the north.

Afraid that without Slavery in Kansas and Nebraska they would loose representation in congress, and slavery could become extinct.

BLEEDING KANSAS Guerrilla warfare=the

use of hit-and-run tactics by small, mobile groups of irregular forces operating in territory controlled by a hostile, regular force.

(pro-slavery vs. anti-slavery)

Many feared it would happen again in other areas if allowed.

DRED SCOTT CASE Sued his mistress. Said

he, his wife, and his daughter were free after entering northern territories

Supreme court ruled that because he is not a citizen of the U.S. he can’t file a law suit.

Also allowed slavery in all states, protecting the southerner’s right to property

LINCOLN-DOUGLAS DEBATES

Lincoln Douglas

Slavery shouldn’t expand

“A house divided can not stand.”

Slavery is tarring the nation apart

If slavery expands it will take over

Popular Sovernty: People should choose to be slave or free

Slavery will end by itself when the people are running.

JOHN BROWN’S RAID ON HARPER’S FERRY John Brown led a famous slave

rebellion similar to Nat Turner’s Had 18 men and 200 rifles Oct. 16.1859 Goal: To kill the slave institution

in Virginal Failed attempt to raid the

arsenal and give weapons to slaves.

Brown and 7 of his men were charged with murder, conspiring with a slave, and treason

All publically hanged

ELECTION OF 1860 Abraham Lincoln (Republican): beliefs allow him

to gain popularity from the north (anti-slave expansion).

Stephen Douglas (Northern Democrat): will have to fight with Lincoln for support of the north (popular sovernty)

John C. Beckinridge (Southern Democrat): will gain support from the south (pro-slavery)

John Bell (Constitutional Union Party): gains support from border states. (wants to keep union together)

Lincoln wins both popular and electoral votes because competitors’ votes were spread too thin.

SOUTHERN SECESSION First State: South Carolina Union promised not to touch slavery in

the south if they returned. They refused. More states followed. Divided the Country.

THE CIVIL WAR

JEFFERSON DAVIS Former Secretary of War and U.S. SenatorPresident of the Confederate States of America

BATTLE OF FORT SUMTERApril 12, 1861Confederate bombardment of the Union military baseLincoln ordered the army not to retaliate forcing the Confederates to start the Civil WarMore northern support

BATTLE OF BULL RUNJuly 21, 1861First major battle of the Civil War in Virginia, Union attempt to capture Richmond, VA (Conf. Capitol)Confederate Victory5,000 casualtiesBoth sides realized how long and bloody the war would be.

BATTLE OF SHILOHApril 6-7, 1862First major battle on Western frontUlysses Grant becomes famous and leads army SouthUnion VictoryCasualties=24,000

ULYSSES S. GRANTFamous for his leadership on Western FrontEventually became the Union army leader and 18th president of the U.S.

ROBERT E. LEEFamous General for the confederate armyRefused Lincoln’s offer to lead the Union Army because of his Southern roots.

THOMAS “STONEWALL” JACKSONConfederate GeneralWas shot by his own men, lost his arm and died 8 days later from pneumoniaDeath caused loss of moral in South

BATTLE OF ANTIETAMSept. 17, 1862Bloodiest day in American history23,000 deadUnion victory, pushing Lee’s army back SouthLincoln has enough support to announce the Emancipation Proclamation.

EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATIONLincoln’s document freeing all of the slaves in all the confederate states. Didn’t effect the Confederate because they were their own ‘country’.Didn’t touch slavery in the Union Slave states because Lincoln was afraid they would secede too.

BATTLE OF FREDERICKSBURGDec. 11-15, 1862Union attempts to capture the Confederate capitol againLee’s army stopped UnionUnion lost 12,600Confederates lost 5,400

THE DRAFTBoth the North and South forced men to fight in the war.Many opposed and caused riots

BATTLE OF GETTYSBURGJuly 1-3, 1863Ended Confederate invasion in the North, major turning pointLast time Confederates invaded the NorthCasualties=46,000

SHERMAN’S MARCH TO THE SEANov. 15, 1864- Dec. 21, 1864Led by William T. ShermanCaptured Atlanta and made his way to SavannahDestroyed train tracks, factories, and homes along the wayLowered the moral of the South

SOLDIER LIFEUnion had better conditions than the Confederates.Hospitals were not clean and disease spread quicklyPassed time with games and musicOver a million casualties over all400,000 wounded.650,000 dead.

WOMEN’S ROLESNurses, spies, caretakers of soldiers on battle fields, etc.Some would dress as men to fight.

AFRICAN AMERICAN ROLES1863 Africans Americans were allowed to enlist54th Regiment was the first all black division

CLARA BARTONNurse who worked on front lines during warFounder of American Red CrossHelped soldiers reunite with their families after the war

APPOMATTOX COURT HOUSEApril 7, 1865: Grant sends letter to Lee saying there is no way the South can win.Lee agrees and they begin to create the terms of their surrenderApril 9, 1865: Formal surrender at Court HouseTerms: weapons given to Union, prisoners of war returned and all men go homeApril 12, 1865: Confederate Generals turn themselves over to Grant

13TH AMENDMENTOfficially added to the Constitution in December 1865Outlawed slavery in the entire nation

LINCOLN ASSASSINATIONApril 14, 1865Abraham Lincoln and his wife were watching a play at the Ford Theater in Washington D.C.Many enraged by the destruction of the Confederacy, and freedom of slaves.John Wilkes Booth shot Lincoln in the headLincoln died hours later

THE CIVIL WARCitations

http://www.kshs.org/kansapedia/ http://www.pleasval.k12.ia.us/

juniorhigh/Teachers/pauljeff/

Pictures: http://en.wikipedia.org