Civil Rights - Overview

• Timeline• Paulsen, R.(2008). Civil rights progress 1954-1968 [Image],

Retrieved November 9th, 2011, from: (http://rapaulsen.iweb.bsu.edu/portfolio/civilrights.html)

Civil Rights Importance in Education

• Why did Civil Rights become a topic in higher education?– Segregation of schools

• Was this constitutional?• Was this ethical?

– Creates barriers and limits for minorities• Less access to education• Insufficient and low quality education• Lack of resources in minority schools

– Funding– Teachers– Books

Key People

• Dwight D. Eisenhower– President who did not support desegregation making efforts to

progress very difficult. However, he signed the Civil Rights Act of 1957 more as a political endeavor.

• Martin Luther King Jr.– Nonviolent efforts to end segregation and discrimination– “I Have a Dream” March on Washington– Nobel Peace Prize in 1964

Key People - Continued

• Thurgood Marshall– Helped win Brown v. Board of Education as a lawyer– First black appointee to Supreme Court

• Rosa Parks– Executed the first successful nonviolent civil rights movement, by refusing to move from her seat for a white on a bus – Actions encouraged the Montgomery bus boycott in later years

• Lyndon B. Johnson– Supported Civil Rights Movement during his presidency– Big contributor to the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting Rights Act

Events – Little Rock High School

• A crisis that happened in 1957• Governor Orval Faubus defied federal law to integrate

schools. Federal troops were sent in to enforce the law. • Orval had Arkansas National Guard stop the nine black

students fromentering the school.

• Eisenhower sent 1000 troops to escort the students to class, despite his lack of support forthe Civil Rights Movement.

Events - Brown v. Board of Education

• This event jumpstarted the Civil Rights Movements during this time period.

• Linda Brown was a 7 year old black child from Topeka Kansas, and had to walk through a train switching yard to get to a bus to go to an all black school, with an all white school right down the street

• Thurgood Marshall was one of her lawyers, along with the NAACP• Supreme court overturned the Plessey v. Ferguson case and deemed that

segregation in public schools was ILLEGAL– This was a huge leap in the Civil Rights Movement– Was not implemented immediately but it was a great first step

• Coined the term “Separate but Equal”

WATCH THIS VIDEO!

Events – Civil Rights Act 1964

• Law that Lyndon B. Johnsonpushed which made it illegal to discriminate in any public place or in the workplace due to race, religion, nationality,or gender.

• Reinforced the finding in Brown v. Board of Education further emphasizing equality, especially in education

• Helped feminist movement in late 1960s • Also created the Equal

Employment Opportunity Commission

References – Not sure how to cite the video…

• Cohen, A. M. (2010). The shaping of American higher education (2nd ed). SanFrancisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

• Thelin, J. R. (2004). A history of American higher education. Baltimore, MD: Jon Hopkins University Press.

• AmericanHistoryRules. (2008, May 5). Brown v. board of education. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D2XHob_nVbw

• Orfield, G. (2001). Schools More Separate: Consequences of a Decade of Resegregation. The Civil Rights Project, Harvard University. Pages 1- 54.

Retrieved from http://eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED459217.pdf• Moreno, P.A. (2003). The History of Affirmative Action Law and its Relation

to College Admission. The Journal of College Admission, 179, 14-21. Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com

• Shank, E., Fahs, B. (2011). Students for Peace: Contextual and Framing Motivations of Antiwar Activism. Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare, 38(2), 111-136. Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com

Pictures – If you want to cite them

http://www.women-problem.com/human-rights/civil-rights.html

http://blog.reidreport.com/2009/09/the-teabaggers-march-on-washington/

http://www.quirkyworks.com/judith_mae_andersen/1957/desegregation_schools.html

http://entertainmentrundown.com/39743/today-in-black-history-the-civil-rights-act-of-1964/

More Pictures

• http://gulfofmexicooilspillblog.com/2011/01/30/gulf-of-mexico-oil-spill-blog-social-media-unemployment-march-on-washington/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks

http://kansas150slk.blogspot.com/2010/07/brown-v-board-of-education.html