Civil Rights Movement

EQ: What was the Civil Rights Movement, and how was it

successful during the 1960’s

Civil rights leaders battled school segregation in court.

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– Federal, state, and local governments could allow segregation so long as separate facilities were equal.

– States in North and South maintained separate schools for white and black students.

• _________________________________________________________– Schools for black children typically received less funding.

• Early civil rights leaders focused on ending segregation in public schools.– ______________________________________________________________

Brown v. Board of Education

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• “Brown” was a seven-year-old African American girl named Linda Brown from Topeka, Kansas.

• Linda’s father sued to allow Linda to attend school closer to her home.

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Little Rock Nine• Most schools in South implemented gradual integration plans.

• Little Rock, Arkansas school board decided to start by integrating one high school.– _________________________________________________________

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– Arkansas governor worked to prevent desegregation by using National Guard troops to block the nine students from school.

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• Little Rock Nine began attending classes.– Faced hostility and discrimination from other students

– Eight of the nine remained in school and graduated.

The Montgomery Bus Boycott

• Black passengers required to sit at back of city buses and to give up seats to white passengers

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– Bus driver called police and she was taken to jail.

• ___________________________________________________________– Thousands of African Americans stopped riding buses.

– Bus ridership fell by 70 percent.

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– Lasted 381 days

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Sit-Ins

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• _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________– They sat in the “whites only” section of the lunch counter.

– The next day, they returned with dozens more students.

– Soon another sit in began at a nearby store.

– Despite harassment, they refused to respond with violence.

• Over time, some businesses began process of integration.

President Kennedy Assassinated

• __________________________________________________________________________________________– Shocked the nation

• __________________________________________________________________________________________– Vowed to continue Kennedy’s work

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Civil Rights Act of 1964Civil Rights Act of 1964

• Signed into law on July 2, 1964

• Banned segregation in public places

• Outlawed discrimination in the workplace on the basis of color, gender, religion, or national origin

Civil Rights Legislation

“I Have a Dream”