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Civil Rights Movement
EQ: What was the Civil Rights Movement, and how was it
successful during the 1960’s
Civil rights leaders battled school segregation in court.
• ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
– Federal, state, and local governments could allow segregation so long as separate facilities were equal.
– States in North and South maintained separate schools for white and black students.
• _________________________________________________________– Schools for black children typically received less funding.
• Early civil rights leaders focused on ending segregation in public schools.– ______________________________________________________________
Brown v. Board of Education
• __________________________________
• “Brown” was a seven-year-old African American girl named Linda Brown from Topeka, Kansas.
• Linda’s father sued to allow Linda to attend school closer to her home.
• ____________________________________________________________________
Little Rock Nine• Most schools in South implemented gradual integration plans.
• Little Rock, Arkansas school board decided to start by integrating one high school.– _________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
– Arkansas governor worked to prevent desegregation by using National Guard troops to block the nine students from school.
• ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
• Little Rock Nine began attending classes.– Faced hostility and discrimination from other students
– Eight of the nine remained in school and graduated.
The Montgomery Bus Boycott
• Black passengers required to sit at back of city buses and to give up seats to white passengers
• ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
– Bus driver called police and she was taken to jail.
• ___________________________________________________________– Thousands of African Americans stopped riding buses.
– Bus ridership fell by 70 percent.
– _______________________________________________________________
– Lasted 381 days
• ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sit-Ins
• _____________________________________________
• _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________– They sat in the “whites only” section of the lunch counter.
– The next day, they returned with dozens more students.
– Soon another sit in began at a nearby store.
– Despite harassment, they refused to respond with violence.
• Over time, some businesses began process of integration.
President Kennedy Assassinated
• __________________________________________________________________________________________– Shocked the nation
• __________________________________________________________________________________________– Vowed to continue Kennedy’s work
– __________________________________________________
Civil Rights Act of 1964Civil Rights Act of 1964
• Signed into law on July 2, 1964
• Banned segregation in public places
• Outlawed discrimination in the workplace on the basis of color, gender, religion, or national origin
Civil Rights Legislation
“I Have a Dream”