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7/17/2019 Civil Courts (Figures)
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Civil Courts
Civil claims arise when an individual or aCivil claims arise when an individual or a
business believes that their rights have beenbusiness believes that their rights have been
infringed in some way.infringed in some way.
Some of the main areas of civil law areSome of the main areas of civil law are
contract, tort, family, employment, andcontract, tort, family, employment, and
company law.company law.
Civil courts
UK SupremeCourt
Court of Appeal
(Civil Division)
High Court
QBD; Family;Chanery
County Court
Issuing a claim
•claim form called ‘N1.claim form called ‘N1.• photocopyphotocopy•!he form is ta"en to!he form is ta"en to
the court office and athe court office and a
fee is paid.fee is paid.
#efending a claim
#efendant can$#efendant can$
•admit the claim and payadmit the claim and pay
the full amountthe full amount•The defendant mayThe defendant may
dispute the claim. mustdispute the claim. must
send an Form N9 or asend an Form N9 or a
defence to the courtdefence to the court
within 14 days ofwithin 14 days of
receiving the claimreceiving the claim•neither of these things,neither of these things,
claimant can as" theclaimant can as" the
court for order thatcourt for order that
defendant pays moneydefendant pays money
and costs claimed % anand costs claimed % an
order in default.order in default.
•Once a claim isOnce a claim is
defended, the court willdefended, the court will
allocate the case to theallocate the case to the
most suitablemost suitable ‘track’ ‘track’ ororway of dealing with it.way of dealing with it.
&llocation of trac"s
decision on trac"'decision on trac"'
made by the #istrictmade by the #istrict
(udge in the County(udge in the County
Court or the )asterCourt or the )aster
in the *igh Court.in the *igh Court.
!he trac"s are$!he trac"s are$
!he small claims!he small claims
trac"trac"
!he fast trac"!he fast trac"!he multi'trac"!he multi'trac"
Small claims
+sed for disputes under+sed for disputes under
-,, personal in/ury and-,, personal in/ury and
housing 1,housing 1,
County Court % #istrict (udgeCounty Court % #istrict (udge
0ast trac"
-, to -, 2+! if-, to -, 2+! if
comple3 ' County Courtcomple3 ' County Court
)ulti trac"
Circuit /udge' County CourtCircuit /udge' County Court
+sually 1-, to -,+sually 1-, to -,
*igh Court*igh Court
+sually over -,+sually over -,
4rocedures
&ppeal routes' high court
House of !or"s
Court of Appeal (Civil Division
High Court‘Leapfrog’Appeal
&ppeal routes' county court
5ole of the5ole of the
County CourtCounty Court
Civil cases all come here first.Civil cases all come here first.
!he main types are$!he main types are$
&ll contract and tort claims6 &ll contract and tort claims6
&ll cases for the recovery of &ll cases for the recovery of
landland
#isputes over trusts,#isputes over trusts,
partnerships and inheritancepartnerships and inheritance
up to 7,.up to 7,.
!hey try cases in all three!hey try cases in all three
trac"s and has a highertrac"s and has a higher
wor"load than the *igh Court.wor"load than the *igh Court.
)ost cases are heard in)ost cases are heard in
public courts e3cept familypublic courts e3cept family
related cases.related cases.
!he winning party may claim!he winning party may claim
costs against the losing partycosts against the losing party
and this would include theand this would include thecosts of legal representation.costs of legal representation.
5ole of the *igh5ole of the *igh
CourtCourt
Queen’s Bench ivisionQueen’s Bench ivision•contract and tort cases that are usually overcontract and tort cases that are usually over
-,.-,.
!hancery ivision!ha
ncery ivision
!his division is mainly concerned with insolvency,!his division is mainly concerned with insolvency,mortgages, trust property, probate and copyrightmortgages, trust property, probate and copyright
and patents.and patents.
Cases in this court are heard by a single /udge.Cases in this court are heard by a single /udge.
Family ivisionFamily ivision
!his division is mainly concerned with wardship!his division is mainly concerned with wardship
cases, all cases coming under the Children &ctcases, all cases coming under the Children &ct
1898, defended divorces and nullity of marriages.1898, defended divorces and nullity of marriages.
ivisional !ourtsivisional !ourts
:ach division of the *igh Court also has a:ach division of the *igh Court also has a
divisional court above it that has appellatedivisional court above it that has appellate
/urisdiction. !he divisional court for the ;2# the /urisdiction. !he divisional court for the ;2# the
&dministrative Court also hears cases for /udicial &dministrative Court also hears cases for /udicialreview.review.
The "verriding "#$ectiveThe "verriding "#$ective
!he 1st rule of the C45 lays down an!he 1st rule of the C45 lays down an
overriding ob/ective which is to underpin theoverriding ob/ective which is to underpin the
whole system. !his overriding ob/ective is thatwhole system. !his overriding ob/ective is that
the rules should enable the courts to deal withthe rules should enable the courts to deal with
cases ‘/ustly. !his prevails over all other rulescases ‘/ustly. !his prevails over all other rules
in case of a conflict.in case of a conflict.
!hese are the methods<ways of resolving a
dispute without the need to go to court. !he main
ways<methods of  are$ Negotiation <
Conciliation < )ediation < &rbitration

Circuit /udges sit cases in the CrownCourt and in the County Court.
#istrict /udges' *ears civil cases in the
County Court, and criminal cases in the
)agistrates
Court hearings are not always the
best methods of resolving a dispute,and their disadvantages mean that,
for some types of problem,  may
be more suitable.
0ollowing =ord >oolfs reforms of
the civil /ustice system,  should
play a more important role in solving
all types of civil disputes.
%ro#lems with court hearings
!he adversarial process,
!echnical cases,
Infle3ible,Imposed solutions,
4ublicity.
