CITYNET Member Support to Adopt Smart, Resilient Strategies

N. Vijay Jagannathan

Secretary General of CITYNET and

Senior Fellow, World Resources Institute

Investing in making Cities Safer is a Global

Priority

…and Adverse Disaster Impact is Increasing

$380 billion

Disaster loss has tripled in 30 years

2,275,000 fatalities

US$3.5 trillion of economic losses

Increasing exposure (caused by poorly managed

growth) will continue to drive disaster risk

Vulnerability of the Poor a particular concern –

Additional 2 billion urban residents in next 20 years

Climate change is likely to exacerbate this trend

To mitigate increasing disaster losses we need

risk-sensitive development

The ‘Triple Dividend’

• Avoiding losses when disasters strike;

• Unlocking development potential by stimulating innovation and bolstering economic activity by reducing disaster-related background risk for investment; and

• Building synergies of the social, environment and economic co-benefits of disaster risk management investments even if a disaster has not yet occurred.

https://www.gfdrr.org/sites/gfdrr/files/publication/Unlocking-the-Triple-Dividends-of-Resilience.pdf

Hyogo Framework Priorities Adopted by United Nations in 2005

• Ensure that disaster risk reduction is a national and a local priority with a strong institutional basis for implementation;

• Identify, assess and monitor disaster risks and enhance early warning;

• Use knowledge, innovation and education to build a culture of safety and resilience at all levels;

• Reduce the underlying risk factors; and

• Strengthen disaster preparedness for effective response at all levels.

• Disaster risk can be integrated into development

planning to reduce the creation of new risks, while

prioritizing areas to reduce existing risk.

• The deep uncertainty from climate change implies the

need for “robust” solutions-that work across a wide

range of scenarios.

• The risks of disasters cannot be completely eliminated: • Preparing for failure if necessary through robust design

• Getting the balance right between structural and non-structural

measures

Key Message: Natural hazards need not result in disasters

Risk identification

PIL

LA

R 1

PILLAR 2 PILLAR 3 PILLAR 4 PILLAR 5

Avoided creation of new risks

and reduced risks in society

through greater disaster risk

consideration in policy and

investment

Preparedness

Improved capacity to manage

crises through developing

forecasting and disaster

management capacities

Financial Protection

Increased financial resilience

of governments, private sector

and households through

financial protection strategies

Resilient

Reconstruction

Quicker, more resilient

recovery through support for

reconstruction planning

Improved identification and understanding of disaster risks through building capacity for assessments and analysis

Risk Reduction

Cities supported in Adopting Strategic Framework

A 5-pillar framework based on the principle that citizens and governments must be empowered to make informed

choices about their risks and how best to reduce, retain or transfer them

o

Community based Adaptation and Resilience Project in Iloilo city, Philippines

CBARAD Project Scheme

Yokohama

CITYNET Yokohama

Project Office

Iloilo

Barangay Leaders/

City Officials

Community

JICA

Office of Civil Defense

(OCD)

World Food Program

(WFP)

Central Philippine

University (CPU)

Association of Disabled

Persons-Iloilo (ADPI)

Tsurumi River

Networking

(TRnet)

Plus Arts

c

Typhoon Frank, 2008

Infrastructure Improvements A B

C D

Floodway for mitigating flood Esplanade along Iloilo River

Flood markers along the floodway 1st Philippine International River Summit

1

The community and local

government units understand the

issues on disaster risk reduction

2

Pre-emptive evacuation system and risk reduction

practice is developed

3

Cooperation among the residents,

stakeholders and the local

government is strengthened

Planned Outputs

Highlights of Activities

• Vulnerability Assessment Training

• Training in Japan • MOU with Central

Philippine Univ. • TV-’Iloilo City Today’ • Donor

harmonization and partnership building

• Benchmarking on PWD friendly facilities

• Collaboration with WFP on rainwater harvesting

• Coaching on BDRRM Plan

• Disability Equality Training

• PWD Friendly toilets • Evacuation Drill &

Shelter Management Training

• Development of Evacuation Manual

• River Basin and Creek management Workshop

• Creek profiling • TV-Eco Forum

• PWD Profiling • Stakeholder’s review

on PDM • Orientation on Fire

Prevention and Mitigation

• Symposium on Early Warning, Hydro-meteorological hazards

• Dagoy Caravan • Provision on DRR

equipment • Computer training-II • Post-typhoon

feedback sessions

YEAR – II Apr. 2014-Mar. 2014

• 29 Activities • 705 Participants

YEAR – I Aug. 2012-Mar. 2013

• 29 Activities • 1,148 Participants

YEAR – II Apr. 2014-Mar. 2014

• 70 Activities • 2,167 Participants

Impacts of CBARAD

• There were no community based capacity building programs on DRR

• CBARAD targeted the community leaders and residents to plan and implement programs

Before After

• Budget allocations were not fully realized and utilized by the communities

• CBARAD taught community leaders and staff how to budget, utilize the funds and keep records

• CBARAD developed evacuation manuals and institutionalized drills

• There were no evacuation drills or manual

• People with Disabilities (PWD)s and the vulnerable groups were not always part of DRR activities

• PWDs and vulnerable groups are involved in every step of all the activities thus making the project a truly inclusive program

• Disaster education was not common and very minimal

• A comprehensive disaster education was introduced from Japan and institutionalized in the schools of the pilot communities

Impacts of CBARAD

• Evacuation shelter management did not have proper process and coordination

• Community leaders and residents now have a manual for shelter management which worked very effectively during typhoon Haiyan

Before After

• Pre-emptive evacuation was non-existent

• Residents evacuate prior to the call for evacuation by the city

• DRR equipment was standardized and proper training was provided for handling

• DRR equipment was either not available or poorly managed

• City government did not have PWD profiling for DRR purposes

• The community halls and the city hall now have a proper PWD profile

• Casualties occurred prior to the introduction od CBARAD

• Zero casualty has been recorded so far even with typhoons Haiyan and Ruby (2014)

Training on crisis management, Yokohama City

Training on river basin management, TRnet

Evacuation Drill, Iloilo

Assisting PWDs during evacuation drill, Iloilo

Training on crisis management, Yokohama City

Training on river basin management, TRnet

Evacuation Drill, Iloilo

Assisting PWDs during evacuation drill, Iloilo

Training on treating evacuees, Iloilo

Self-made life jacket

‘Dagoy Caravan’-Disaster education, Iloilo

Workshop on Early Warning and weather hazards, Iloilo

Applying the Lessons in Nepal

• Start with Fund raising • Apply the C2C Partnership Concept • Build Capacity through Community Engagement