City Development Plan for Sambalpur City

City Development Plan-Sambalpur

Administrative Staff College of India i

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................ 1

1.1. Background............................................................................................................................... 1

1.2. Urban Infrastructure Development Scheme for Small and Medium Towns (UIDSSMT) Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) ...................................................... 1

1.3. City Development Plan.............................................................................................................. 2

1.3.1. Objectives .............................................................................................................................. 3

1.3.2. Scope of the work .................................................................................................................. 3

1.4. Approach and Methodology ...................................................................................................... 4

1.5 Spatial coverage of the Sambalpur City Development Plan ..................................................... 10

1.6 Timeframe for CDP .................................................................................................................. 11

1.7 The relationship between master plan and CDP ...................................................................... 11

CHAPTER 2. City Profile and Economy ........................................................................................ 12

2.1. Location and Linkages ............................................................................................................ 12

2.2 Regional Settings ..................................................................................................................... 12

2.3. Physical Characteristics .......................................................................................................... 14

2.3.1 Geography ........................................................................................................................ 14 2.3.2 Climatic Conditions ........................................................................................................... 15 2.3.3 Drainage System .............................................................................................................. 15 2.3.4 Geology ............................................................................................................................ 15

2.4 Historical Importance and urban growth: .................................................................................. 15

2.5 Demography............................................................................................................................. 17

2.5.1 Population Growth Trends ................................................................................................ 17 2.5.3 Ward Profile ...................................................................................................................... 18

2.6 Socio- Economic and Culture Heritage Characteristics ............................................................ 23

2.6.1 Key Socio – Economic Features ....................................................................................... 23 2.6.2 Details of Occupational Pattern......................................................................................... 24 2.6.3 Trade and Commerce ....................................................................................................... 25 2.6.4 Tourism Related Activities................................................................................................. 26 2.6.5 Industrial Activity ............................................................................................................... 26 2.6.6 Culture Heritage................................................................................................................ 27

CHAPTER 3. Land Use and Environment ..................................................................................... 28

3.1 Land Use.................................................................................................................................. 28

3.1.1 Development Planning...................................................................................................... 28 3.1.1 Master Plan/ Land Use Plan ............................................................................................. 28 3.1.2 Spatial Growth pattern ...................................................................................................... 29

Key issues ............................................................................................................................. 30 3.2 Urban Environment System: Overview..................................................................................... 30

3.2.1 Ground Water ................................................................................................................... 30 3.2.2 Water Bodies .................................................................................................................... 31

3.2.2.1 Quality of Pond water ................................................................................................ 31 Key issues ............................................................................................................................. 31


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CHAPTER 4. Urban Management and Governance ..................................................................... 33

4.1 City Management ..................................................................................................................... 33

4.1.1 Legislative Basis of Governing Institutions ............................................................................ 34

4.2 Performance of 12th Schedule Functions – Municipal Corporation .......................................... 40

4.3 City level Reforms .................................................................................................................... 42

4.4 Functions of Sambalpur Municipality........................................................................................ 43

4.4.1 Organizational Structure of Sambalpur Municipality.......................................................... 43 4.4.2 Employee Strength of Sambalpur Municipality.................................................................. 45 4.4.3 Profile of various Sections................................................................................................. 46

4.4.3.1 Accounts Section ....................................................................................................... 46 4.4.3.2 Cash Section ............................................................................................................. 46 4.4.3.4 Establishment Section ............................................................................................... 46 4.4.3.5 Law Section ............................................................................................................... 47 4.4.3.6 UBS Section .............................................................................................................. 47 4.4.3.7 Vehicle Section .......................................................................................................... 47 4.4.3.8 Works Section............................................................................................................ 47 4.4.3.9 Health Section ........................................................................................................... 49 4.4.3.10 Stores Section ......................................................................................................... 49 4.4.3.11 Primary Education Section:...................................................................................... 49 4.4.3.12 Light Section............................................................................................................ 49

CHAPTER 5. Municipal Infrastructure........................................................................................... 51

5.1 Water Supply............................................................................................................................ 51

5.1.1 Water Supply Sources ...................................................................................................... 51 5.1.2. Deficit in Water Supply for Different Horizon .................................................................... 52 5.1.2. Service Reservoir/Storage and Distribution System......................................................... 52 5.1.3. System Coverage ............................................................................................................ 52 5.1.4Tariff Structure Water Supply............................................................................................. 53 5.1.5 Performance Indicators ..................................................................................................... 54 5.1.6 Finances and Cost Recovery ............................................................................................ 55

Key Issues............................................................................................................................. 56 5.2 Sewerage System .................................................................................................................... 57

5.2.1. Tariff Structure sewerage................................................................................................. 57 5.2.2 Sewerage Performance Indicators .................................................................................... 57

5.3. Sanitation ................................................................................................................................ 58

5.4 Storm Water Drainage system ................................................................................................. 59

5.5. Solid Waste Management (SWM) ........................................................................................... 60

5.5.1. Collection, Storage, Transportation and Disposal ............................................................ 61 5.5.1.1 Waste Generation in the City ..................................................................................... 61 5.5.1.2 Composition of Municipal solid Waste ....................................................................... 62 5.5.1.3 Solid Waste Collection............................................................................................... 62

CHAPTER 6. Basic Services to the Poor ...................................................................................... 64

6.1. Slum Over view ....................................................................................................................... 64

6.2 Socio- economic Profile of Slums in Sambalpur ....................................................................... 64


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6.3 Status of Slums........................................................................................................................ 65

6.3.1 Land Status....................................................................................................................... 65 6.4 Housing Status......................................................................................................................... 65

6.5 Ward-wise Slum Population and location Characteristics......................................................... 66

6.6 Basic Infrastructure in Slums.................................................................................................... 71

6.7 Solid Waste Management in slums .......................................................................................... 72

6.8 Social Infrastructure in Slums................................................................................................... 72

6.9 Poverty Alleviation Programs ................................................................................................... 73

6.10 Funding Pattern under SJSRY (Rs. In lakhs) ......................................................................... 75

6.11 Funding Pattern under NSDP (Rs. In lakhs)........................................................................... 75

6.12 Livelihood Programs............................................................................................................... 76

6.13 Community Structures............................................................................................................ 76

CHAPTER 7. Disaster Management .............................................................................................. 78

7.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 78

7.2. Disaster in Orissa.................................................................................................................... 78

7.3. Patterns of Disasters ............................................................................................................... 79

7.3.1. Floods .................................................................................................................................. 79

7.3.2. Cyclone ................................................................................................................................ 79

7.4. City’s Experience .................................................................................................................... 81

7.4.1. Cyclone............................................................................................................................ 81 7.4.2. Flood................................................................................................................................ 81 7.4.3. Earthquake ...................................................................................................................... 82 7.4.4. Accidents ......................................................................................................................... 82 7.4.5. Fire................................................................................................................................... 82 7.4.6. Industrial / Chemical Disasters......................................................................................... 82

7.5. Seasonality of Disaster............................................................................................................ 82

7.5.1. Disaster Vulnerability and Impacts ................................................................................... 83 7.5.2. Review of Risk Potentialities ............................................................................................ 83

7.6. Strategies................................................................................................................................ 84

7.7. Policies ............................................................................................................................... 85 7.8. List of Stakeholders ............................................................................................................ 86 7.9. Institutional Framework....................................................................................................... 87 7.10. Vulnerable Factors of damage and the risks ..................................................................... 87 7.11. Scheme for Response....................................................................................................... 88

7.11.1. Evacuation and Temporary Shelter............................................................................ 88 7.11.2. Search & Rescue....................................................................................................... 88 7.11.3. First Aid ..................................................................................................................... 89

CHAPTER 8. Gender Mainstreaming............................................................................................. 90

8.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 90

8.2 Why Mainstreaming Gender.................................................................................................. 90

8.3 Current situation .................................................................................................................... 91

8.4 Strategies for Integrating Gender Concern ............................................................................ 91


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8.4.1. Water Supply........................................................................................................................ 91

8.4.2. Sanitation ............................................................................................................................. 92

8.4.3. Solid Waste Management .................................................................................................... 92

8.4.4. Traffic and transportation ..................................................................................................... 92

8.4.5. Slum Improvement ............................................................................................................... 92

8.4.6. Local Economic Development .............................................................................................. 92

8.4.7. Other Gender Related Strategies ......................................................................................... 93

8.5 Gender checklist.................................................................................................................... 93

8.5.1. Project Planning and Design ................................................................................................ 93

8.5.2. Project Implementation......................................................................................................... 93

Water ............................................................................................................................................. 93

Sanitation, SWM, Drainage and sewerage..................................................................................... 94

Women right in urban space- land housing finance........................................................................ 94

Access to livelihood and employment ............................................................................................ 94

Safety and security......................................................................................................................... 94

Urban transport .............................................................................................................................. 95

Being counted ................................................................................................................................ 95

8.5.3. Project Evaluation ................................................................................................................ 95

CHAPTER 9. Municipal Finance .................................................................................................... 96

9.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 96

9.1.1 Municipal finances ............................................................................................................ 96 9.1.2 Receipts............................................................................................................................ 96 9.2.1. Trends in Receipt and Expenditure .................................................................................. 97

9.2.2.2. License and other fees.............................................................................................. 99 9.2.2.3. Receipt under Special Act....................................................................................... 100 9.2.2.4. Revenue from derived from Municipal Properties and powers apart from taxation . 100 9.2.2.5. Grants and contribution for general and special purposes ...................................... 101 9.2.2.6. Miscellaneous ......................................................................................................... 102 9.2.2.7. Extraordinary & debts ............................................................................................. 102

9.2.3. Expenditure.................................................................................................................... 104 9.2.3.1. General Administration ........................................................................................... 104 9.2.3.2. Collection of taxes & fees ....................................................................................... 105 9.2.3.3. Pensions & Gratuities ............................................................................................. 105 9.2.3.4. Public Safety........................................................................................................... 106 9.2.3.5. Public Health........................................................................................................... 106 9.2.3.6. Medical ................................................................................................................... 107 9.2.3.7. Public Convenience ................................................................................................ 107 9.2.3.8. Public Institution...................................................................................................... 108 9.2.3.9. Miscellaneous ......................................................................................................... 108 9.2.3.10. Extra Ordinary & Debts ......................................................................................... 109


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Key Issues........................................................................................................................... 112

CHAPTER 10. Strategic Action Plan & City Investment Plan ...................................................... 116

10.1 SWOT Analysis .................................................................................................................... 116

10.2 Vision Statement .................................................................................................................. 116

10.3 Projection of Future Population.......................................................................................... 117

10.4 Strategic Action Plan ............................................................................................................ 117

10.4.1 Strategies for Water Supply .......................................................................................... 117 10.4.2 Strategies for Sewerage and Sanitation........................................................................ 119 10.4.3 Strategies for Storm Water Drains ................................................................................ 121 10.4.4. Strategies for Solid Waste Management ...................................................................... 122 10.4.5. Strategies for Traffic and transportation ....................................................................... 123 10.4.6. Strategies for Slum Improvement................................................................................. 125 10.4.7 Strategies for Urban Environment ................................................................................. 126 10.4.8.Strategies Health .......................................................................................................... 127 10.4.9.Strategies for Local Economic Development................................................................. 128

CHAPTER 11. City Investment Plan .............................................................................................. 130

11.1. Investment Plan Sambalpur City ......................................................................................... 130

11.1.1 Financing Arrangement for Sambalpur.............................................................................. 131

11.1.2 Implementation mechanism for CDP................................................................................. 131

11.2. Identified projects in each sectors and Roles of responsibilities of institutions for implementing the projects proposed under City Investment Plan ....................................................................... 131

11.2.1. Water Supply ............................................................................................................... 131 11.2.2 Sewerage...................................................................................................................... 132 11.2.4. Storm Water Drainage ................................................................................................. 133 11.2.5. Solid Waste Management ............................................................................................ 133 11.2.6. Traffic and Transportation ............................................................................................ 134 11.2.7. Slum Development and Poverty Reduction.................................................................. 135 11.2.8. Disaster Management .................................................................................................. 136 11.2.9. Gender Development ................................................................................................... 136 11.2.10 Environment................................................................................................................ 136 11.3.1 The strategic action plan for water supply is given below:............................................. 138 11.3.2 The strategic action plan for sewerage is given below: ................................................. 138 11.3.3 The strategic action plan for Storm Water Drainage is given below: ............................. 139 11.3.4 The strategic action plan for solid waste management is given below: ......................... 139 11.3.5 The strategic action plan for Traffic and transportation is given below: ......................... 140 11.3.6 The strategic action plan for Slum Development and Poverty Reduction is given below:................................................................................................................................................ 141 11.3.7 The strategic action plan for Disaster Management is given below: .............................. 142 11.3.8 The strategic action plan for gender development is given below: ................................ 142 11.3.9 The strategic action plan for environment is given below: ............................................. 143 11.4. City investment plan year wise (Rs. in Crores)................................................................ 143 11.4.1 City investment plan year wise water supply (Rs. in Crores)......................................... 143 11.4.2. City investment plan year wise sewerage (Rs. in Crores) ............................................ 144 11.4.3. City investment plan year wise storm water drainage (Rs. in Crores) .......................... 145 11.4.4. City investment plan year wise solid waste management (Rs. in Crores) .................... 145 11.4.5. City investment plan year wise Traffic and Transportation (Rs. in Crores) ................... 146 11.4.6. City investment plan year wise Slum development and Poverty Reduction (Rs. in Crores)..................................................................................................................................... 147 11.4.7. City investment plan year wise Disaster Management (Rs. in Crores) ......................... 148 11.4.8. City investment plan year wise Gender Development (Rs. in Crores) .......................... 148 11.4.9. City investment plan year wise Environment (Rs. in Crores)........................................ 149 11.5 FINANCIAL OPERATING PLAN...................................................................................... 150


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11.5.1 CAPITAL INVESTMENT PLAN..................................................................................... 150 11.5.2 CAPITAL INVESTMENT ESTIMATE, CIP AND PHASING........................................... 150 11.5.3 BASE AND BASIS ........................................................................................................ 152 11.5.4 KEY ASSUMPTIONS.................................................................................................... 153


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LIST OF TABLES

Table 1: Master plan area and city area ............................................................................................. 11 Table 2.1 Population growth rate........................................................................................................ 17 Table 2.2 Showing ward wise population and Density........................................................................ 18 Table 2.3 Decadal sex ratio................................................................................................................ 23 Table 2.4 Key socio-economic features.............................................................................................. 23 Table 2.5 Showing workers participation in 1991 and 2001................................................................ 24 Table 2.6 Showing category wise workers participation in 1991......................................................... 25 Table 2.7 Number of Tourist Inflow in past three years ...................................................................... 26 Table 3.1 Showing Land use as per the master plan 1978................................................................. 28 Table 3.2 Showing Land use as per the master plan 1978................................................................. 29 Table 3.3 Location & Characteristics of Pond..................................................................................... 32 Table 4.1 Legislative Basis of Governing Institutions.......................................................................... 34 Table 4.2 Institutional framework and role of urban local body in different sectors ............................ 37 Table 4.3 Performance of 12th Schedule Functions – Municipal Corporation..................................... 40 Table 4.4 City level Reforms .............................................................................................................. 42 Table 4.5 Classification of Employees of Sambalpur Municipality ...................................................... 45 Table 5.1 Source of Water supply in Sambalpur ................................................................................ 51 Table 5.2 Availability of Water supply in Sambalpur ........................................................................... 52 Table 5.3 Connection percent in different categories.......................................................................... 53 Table 5.4 Tariff Structure Water Supply.............................................................................................. 53 Table 5.5 Connection Costs for Water Supply.................................................................................... 53 Table 5.6 Performance indicators for Water Supply ........................................................................... 54 Table 5.7 Annual O&M costs and revenue collection for Water Supply .............................................. 55 Table 5.8 Sewerage Performance indicators...................................................................................... 57 Table 5.9 Showing the Access to Sanitation Facilities........................................................................ 58 Table 5.10 Performance indicator for SWM........................................................................................ 60 Table 5.11 Showing Total Waste Generated in Sambalpur Municipal Area........................................ 61 Table 5.12 Primary collection implements Available Sambalpur Municipality ..................................... 63 Table 6.1 Slum Population in sambalpur Table 6.2 Literacy Rates of City and Slum....................... 64 Table 6.3 Notified Non-notified slums in sambalpur Municipality ........................................................ 65 Table 6.4 Land status slums in sambalpur Municipality...................................................................... 65 Table 6.5 Housing status in slums in sambalpur Municipality ............................................................ 65 Table 6.6 Slum household and population.......................................................................................... 67 Table 6.7 Service delivery status in slums in sambalpur Municipality ................................................. 71 Table 6.8 Toilets and Drains status in slums in sambalpur Municipality ............................................. 72 Table 6.9 Garbage Collection status in slums in sambalpur Municipality........................................... 72 Table 6.10 Social infrastructure in slums in sambalpur Municipality ................................................... 72 Table 6.11 Schemes for poverty elevation in sambalpur Municipality................................................ 73 Table 6.12 Details of pensions given in sambalpur Municipality ......................................................... 74 Table 6.13 Details of Social inputs under sambalpur Municipality ...................................................... 75 Table 6.14 Funding pattern under SJSRY.......................................................................................... 75 Table 6.15 Funding pattern under NSDP............................................................................................ 76 Table 6.16 Livelihood programs ......................................................................................................... 76 Table 6.17 Community Structure ........................................................................................................ 76 Table 7.1 Seasonality of disaster........................................................................................................ 82 Table 7.2 Disaster vulnerability........................................................................................................... 83 Table 7.3 Risk potential ...................................................................................................................... 83 Table 7.4 Features Of The Disaster Management Policy ................................................................... 85 Table 9.1 Summary of Finances of Sambalpur Municipality ............................................................... 97 Table 9.2 Heads of receipt of Sambalpur Municipality........................................................................ 98 Table 9.3 Heads of expenditure of Sambalpur Municipality .............................................................. 104 Table 9.4 Asset ................................................................................................................................ 111 Table 10.1 Population projection ...................................................................................................... 117 Table 11.1 Allocation of funds for CIP .............................................................................................. 130 Table 11.2 Agencies considered for Contribution of funds ............................................................... 131 Table 11.3 Investment Plan and institution responsibility for Water Supply ...................................... 131 Table 11.4 Investment Plan and institution responsibility for Sewerage ........................................... 132


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Table 11.5 Investment Plan and institution responsibility for Storm Water Drainage ........................ 133 Table 11.6 Investment Plan and institution responsibility for SWM................................................... 133 Table 11.7 Investment Plan and institution responsibility for Traffic & Transportation ..................... 134 Table 11.8 Investment Plan and institution responsibility for Slum Development & Poverty Reduction......................................................................................................................................................... 135 Table 11.9 Investment Plan and institution responsibility for Disaster Management......................... 136 Table 11.10 Investment Plan and institution responsibility for Gender Development........................ 136 Table 11.11 Investment Plan and institution responsibility for Environment ..................................... 136 Table 11.12 Strategic Action Plan for Water Supply ......................................................................... 138 Table 11.13 Strategic Action Plan for Sewerage .............................................................................. 138 Table 11.14 Strategic Action Plan for Drainage................................................................................ 139 Table 11.15 Strategic Action Plan for Solid Waste Management...................................................... 140 Table 11.16 Strategic Action Plan for Traffic & Transportation ......................................................... 140 Table 11.17 Strategic Action Plan for Slum Development & Poverty Reduction ............................... 141 Table 11.18 Strategic Action Plan for Disaster Management............................................................ 142 Table 11.19 Strategic Action Plan for Gender Development............................................................. 142 Table 11.20 Strategic Action Plan for Environment .......................................................................... 143 Table 11.21 City Investment Plan..................................................................................................... 143 Table 11.22 City Investment Plan for Water Supply ......................................................................... 143 Table 11.23 City Investment Plan for Sewerage............................................................................... 144 Table 11.24 City Investment Plan for Storm Water Drainage ........................................................... 145 Table 11.25 City Investment Plan for Solid Waste Management ...................................................... 146 Table 11.26 City Investment Plan for Traffic and Transportation ...................................................... 146 Table 11.27 City Investment Plan for Slum development & Poverty Reduction ................................ 147 Table 11.28 City Investment Plan for Disaster Management ............................................................ 148 Table 11.29 City Investment Plan for Gender Development ............................................................. 148 Table 11.30 City Investment Plan for Environment........................................................................... 149


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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 2.1 Map of the city describing ward boundaries....................................................................... 13 Figure 2.2 Population ......................................................................................................................... 17 Figure 2.3 Population growth rate....................................................................................................... 18 Figure 2.4 Showing the Ward Map of the city with Ward wise Population .......................................... 19 Figure 3.1 Showing the potential growth area .................................................................................... 29 Figure 4.1 The organization structure political wing of Municipality .................................................... 44 Figure 5.1 Showing Total Waste Generated in Municipal Area........................................................... 62 Figure 6.1 Slum location map............................................................................................................. 66 Figure 6.2 Names of slums with their location .................................................................................... 68 Figure 6.4 Ward wise Slum Population............................................................................................... 69 Figure 6.6 Percentage Slum Population Over Ward Population ......................................................... 70 Figure 7.1 Wind and Cyclone Zones in Orissa ................................................................................... 80 Figure 7.2 Map showing the disaster affected areas in Orissa ........................................................... 80 Figure 9.1 Trends in Receipt and Expenditure of Sambalpur Municipality.......................................... 97 Figure 9.2 Growth rate of revenue from rates and receipt .................................................................. 99 Figure 9.3 Growth rate of revenue from licence and other fees ........................................................ 100 Figure 9.4 Growth rate of receipt under special acts ........................................................................ 100 Figure 9.5 Growth rate of revenue from properties and powers apart from taxation ......................... 101 Figure 9.6 Growth rate showing receipt under grant contribution ..................................................... 101 Figure 9.7 Growth rate of receipt under miscellaneous head............................................................ 102 Figure 9.8 Growth rate of receipt from extraordinary & debt ............................................................. 102 Figure 9.9 Percentage of Share of each head of income to total income in the year 2006-07, 2007-08......................................................................................................................................................... 103 Figure 9.10 Growth rate of revenue from rates and receipt .............................................................. 105 Figure 9.11 Growth rate of Expenditure under head collection of taxes and fees ............................. 105 Figure 9.12 Growth rate of Expenditure under head pension and gratuities ..................................... 106 Figure 9.13 Growth rate of Expenditure under the head public safety ............................................. 106 Figure 9.14 Growth rate of Expenditure under the head public health ............................................. 107 Figure 9.15 Growth rate of Expenditure under medical .................................................................... 107 Figure 9.16 Growth rate of Expenditure under the head public convenience.................................... 108 Figure 9.17 Growth rate of Expenditure under the head public institution......................................... 108 Figure 9.18 Growth rate of Expenditure under the head miscellaneous ........................................... 109 Figure 9.19 Growth rate of Expenditure under the head extraordinary & dept .................................. 109 Figure 9.20 Graph showing Percentage of Share of each head of expenditure to total expenditure in the year 2006-07, 2007-08 ............................................................................................................... 110


Administrative Staff College of India 1

CHAPTER 1. Introduction

1.1. Background Orissa is a prominent state of India with a long coastline and a storehouse of mineral wealth.

Because of its mineral wealth and strategic location it attracts significant investment in steel,

aluminum, power, refineries, and infrastructure. Orissa is also emerging as a player in the

outsourcing IT (Information Technology) and IT services industry. Contemporary Orissa has

a rich cultural heritage that is an outcome of the intermingling of three great religious

traditions - Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism. The state has a population of 36.8 million

(2001 Census). About 85% of the population lives in the villages and one third of the rural

population does not own any land other than homesteads. Orissa is one of the 5th least

urbanized state in India with only 15% of its population (5.5 million) living in towns and cities.

The state comprises of 103 urban local bodies (ULB’s) comprising of two municipal

corporations and 101 municipalities.

The urban areas in the state have huge potential for promoting economic growth and for

reducing poverty but are constrained by various factors such as lack of financial resources,

poor level of services, and weak capability of ULB’s. Government of India, state government

and multi lateral agencies such as DFID, UNDP etc are playing a significant role in enabling

the ULB’s to overcome these challenges. In this context, GoI has launched fiscal incentive

programmes viz., JnNURM, UIDSSMT, IHSDP that provide significant grant support linked

to reforms implementation. These programmes offer huge opportunities to ULB’s for

promoting economic growth and service delivery in an equitable manner.

1.2. Urban Infrastructure Development Scheme for Small and Medium Towns (UIDSSMT) Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) Considering the growing role of cities as engines of economic growth and poverty reduction

in the country, the Government of India (GOI) has launched Jawaharlal Nehru National

Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) and Urban Infrastructure Development Scheme in Small

and Medium Towns (UIDSSMT), with the aim to create economically productive, efficient,

equitable and responsive cities. Under the Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal

Mission, 63 cities are eligible for accessing funds. These 63 cities comprise of mega cities,

metropolitan cities, capital cities and cities of architectural and cultural importance. To

access the funds under JNNURM, these 63 cities are required to prepare a CDP and



implement a set of reforms at the State and the City levels by entering into a tripartite

agreement. It is mandatory to prepare a City Development Plan through consultative

process. The remaining cities and towns are covered under the UIDSSMT program, which

also provides grant support by linking investments to reforms implementation. Under

UIDSSMT towns and cities are encouraged to formulate City Development Plans for holistic

and planned development.

1.3. City Development Plan The City Development Plan under JNNURM and UIDSSMT focuses on the development of

economic and social infrastructure, strategies that deal specifically with issues affecting the

urban poor, strengthening of municipal governments and their financial accounting and

budgeting systems and procedures, creation of structures for bringing in accountability and

transparency, and elimination of legal and other bottlenecks that have stifled the land and

housing markets. It provides a basis for cities to undertake urban sector reforms that help

direct investment into city based infrastructure.

The CDP of a city is a reflection of the city’s stakeholders aspirations and comprises of

vision for the city, a strategic action plan and city assistance program.

In this context State Urban Development Agency SUDA (a state level nodal agency) has

appointed Administrative Staff College of India (ASCI), Hyderabad for the preparation of city

development plans (CDP) for three cities i.e. Cuttack, Sambalpur & Berhampur of Orissa.

These three cities i.e. Cuttack, Berhampur and Sambalpur have also been covered under

UIDSSMT, Integrated Housing and Slum Development Programme (IHSDP) and the study

on preparation of CDPs by ASCI assumes importance since it is desirable to access funds

under these programmes.

The study entrusted to ASCI also assumes importance in the context of recently launched

UNDP project titled “Capacity Building for Decentralized Urban Governance” for four Urban

Local Bodies namely Cuttack, Puri, Berharmpur, Sambalpur, to improve their infrastructure

and quality of life that falls far short of global benchmarks. The UNDP project also envisages

preparation of City Development Plans for the project cities.

The Administrative Staff College of India has prepared the CDP reports for cities of Cuttack,

Berhampur and Sambalpur separately. This report presents the City Development Plan for

Sambalpur City.



1.3.1. Objectives The purpose of CDP is to present and analyze the current status of city development,

identify priorities and future requirements and provide a framework and vision for effective

implementation of development projects. It emphasizes on issues of priority local concerns

for liveability, and the implied requirements in terms of:

• Enhancing city productivity

• Reducing poverty

• Specific emphasis to gender

• Improving urban governance and

• Enhancing financial sustainability

• Preparing the cities for effective disaster management

1.3.2. Scope of the work

The CDP is prepared keeping in view the tool kits, guidelines and instructions provided by

SUDA, and also JnNURM guidelines for preparation of CDP. The scope of work included the

following:

A situation analysis, focusing on demographic trends, land use pattern, economic growth,

city governance and status on access and coverage of services (i.e. water supply,

sewerage, sanitation, solid waste management, road network, urban transport, street

lighting, redevelopment of inner (old) city area, basic services to urban poor and other social

infrastructure).

Study of existing setup of departments, issues of inter departmental coordination and review

of various projects being executed or proposed.

A future perspective for the city clearly showing the direction of change as well as a vision

and framework for economic growth and increased access to services. (sectoral agenda,

reform agenda, quality of life, urban services, social and gender inclusion etc.)

Formulating development strategies in the areas of economic development, governance,

land use, urban poor, core municipal infrastructure, urban environment and cultural heritage

etc., prioritization and linkage with reform agendas.



City Investment Plan (CIP) with clear estimates of investments and financing options,

referring to the order of investment needed to implement the perspective and alternative

financing strategies.

To identify key institutional stakeholders, their financial status report with service provision

including an analysis of their creditworthiness and efficiency of the institutional framework.

To prepare population forecast for year 2031 by standard methods and to incorporate the

proposed population with approval of the concerned Urban Local Bodies.

To consult relevant parastatal department like Sambalpur Development Authority,

Berhampur Development Authority, Cuttack Development Authority, Housing Board, Slum

Clearance Board, NH, NHAI, Railway, State Electricity Company, Irrigation Department.

OSRTC, State R & B, Environment & Forest, Bureau of Economics and Statistics etc. before

preparation of CDP so that projects concerned with them are included in the CDP for the

advantage of the ULB.

To organize meetings and workshops with various stakeholders and to consider the

outcomes and issues that arise in such meetings. These outcomes and issues shall be

considered while framing the CDP.

To give special attention and consideration for the works to be taken up for cities that have

potential for developing as tourism center, city of historical and heritage importance, coastal

town or tribal town in the over all regional context.

To undertake a review of the existing situation analysis with regard to disaster and

environmental threats along with the current framework to address these threats and the

strategy / options needed to mitigate such threats.

1.4. Approach and Methodology

The overall approach and methodology for the implementation of the assignment involves

collection and analysis of primary and secondary data and discussions and consultations

with key stakeholders.

CDP PROCESS: The process of developing a CDP has been presented below



FIGURE 1.1

Phase 1: Preparatory Phase

The study has involved four key phases for the CDP Preparation. Phase 1, focused on

current state assessment with assistance from State Urban Development Agency (SUDA)

Bhubaneswar. This phase has laid the foundation for planning and undertaking the CDP

process and consisted of the following steps:

The City Assessment Opportunities, strengths, risks and weaknesses, unmet demand / gap

Future perspective and visionDirection of change and expectations

Multi – stakeholder Consultations

Strategies for development Developing options and strategies, prioritizing them and linking them with reform agenda

City investment Plan Developing projects along with costs to arrive at total financial requirements and financing options.

Parameters • Demography • Economic base • Financial aspects • Physical &

environmental aspects

• Infrastructure • Institutions

Sectors / Components Environmental services Social infrastructure Urban renewal Slum improvement and housing for EWS Transport and roads Services to the urban poor Gender

Phase 1 Preparatory Phase Phase 2 Envisioning Phase

Phase 3 Strategizing Phase Phase 4 Documentation Phase



Initial Meetings:

ASCI team has met the key officials of SUDA, the officials of urban local body and other key

institutions including the parastatals to initiate the exercise. The exercise has aimed at

achieving/ understanding the following:

STEP 1: Stakeholder Identification and Analysis

ASCI, in consultation with SUDA and local ULB officials has identified the key stakeholders,

analysed the importance of each of them in the CDP process and their potential in

influencing the process. The stakeholders’ were extensivel involved in the CDP process.

STEP 2: Initial Stakeholders’ Consultations

ASCI with support from SUDA and ULB has organized a city level consultation meeting to

obtain the inputs of the key stakeholders. The objective of the consultation meeting was to

brief the stakeholders about the CDP initiative, obtain their inputs for the same and inform

the progress of activities. The consultations focused on the following:

• Inputs on identification of critical focus areas of city development

• Discussions on key issues, concerns and challenges of the city

• Suggestions and recommendations

STEP 3: Current State Assessment

ASCI has undertaken a study of the current situation in the areas of economy, land use,

services, poverty, finances etc. with the stakeholders’ participation and involvement. The

objective of this step was to obtain comprehensive information and consequently, an in-

depth understanding of the existing state of affairs in terms of information necessary for

Stakeholder Identification and Analysis

STEP 2

Preparatory Phase

Initial Meetings

STEP 1

Current State Assessment

Stakeholder Consultation for Situational Analysis

STEP 3



preparation of the city development plan. This helped to identify the critical sectors of

development and focus areas of CDP.

The following approach was adopted for assessing the current situation.

City Assessment Existing Situation Analysis

Phase 2: Envisioning Phase

Phase 2 of the study involved envisioning exercise with various key stakeholder

organizations. The objective of this phase was to draw up a City Strategic Vision and City

Investment Planning for the thrust areas identified, in discussion with SUDA and ULB.

Study the past and existing development plans/ policies/ initiatives with respect toinfrastructure, poverty, disaster, gender, economy, environment, etc. and their impact onthe city

Demographic and socio economic status of the city, spatial spread and growth directions,associated issues, strategy options to address key issues

Institutional arrangements, key stakeholder agencies, their functional and territorialjurisdictions, organizational capacities and associated issues like coordination, overlappingof functions etc.

Current level of housing and urban basic services in the city – in terms of quantity,coverage, quality and reliability – current demand supply gaps and future requirementbased on appropriate norms of service delivery/ stakeholder expectations, projectidentification and description, CIP

Assessment of the financial status of the ULB, bringing out key financial indicators and anassessment or credit worthiness of the stakeholder agency in terms of financialperformance and operating surpluses

Identification of the key issues, challenges and focus areas of growth and developmentwhich may include urban poor, areas of inner city for urban renewal, commercial andindustrial establishments, heritage areas, etc.

Forecasting the trends in population growth, infrastructure needs and resourcerequirements in the short, medium and long term



STEP 1: Theme Development

The vision for the city was evolved around specific themes for development. ASCI has

assisted stakeholders in identifying one central or core theme on the basis of defined criteria

for economic development of each city, driving the future planning and economic initiatives.

The core theme was supported by other themes built around it as sub-themes for growth/

development.

Theme Identification Criteria:

1. Potential Economic Impact

2. Multiplier Effect on Other Sectors

3. Uniqueness of Positioning

STEP 2: Thrust Area Identification

Subsequently, ASCI have identified the thrust areas taking into consideration the

stakeholders aspirations and expectations of key officials of SUDA. Within each thrust area,

the development enablers, that require focused attention for the development of each city,

were identified.

Thrust Areas for Each City

Industry Governance Social Development

Economic goals growth

engines

Stakeholder accountability

and participation,

streamlining administration,

transparency equitable

service delivery

Poverty reduction and slum

improvement

Social infrastructure

Gender perspective

Theme Development

Thrust Area Identification

STEP 1

Phase 2: Envisioning Phase

Future State Definition

Visioning Workshop

Preparation & Refinement of CIP

STEP 2 STEP 3 STEP 4 STEP 5



STEP 3: Future State Definition

Based on the above activities and inputs from the previous exercises, a draft vision was

formulated and presented to the key stakeholders for their inputs and approval.

STEP 4: Visioning Workshop

A visioning workshop was conducted with the key stakeholders to present and discuss the

draft vision and year wise sectoral strategies for the city.

STEP 5: Preparation and Refinement of CIP

Subsequent to formulation of the City Strategic Vision, a City Investment Plan was

formulated for various key areas of development, for achieving the defined vision.

Phase 3: Strategizing Phase

This phase has involved identification of specific program and projects in each development

area and a brief description of them covering an overview of the proposed program/project

including the program/ project goal, objectives, broad financial implications and contribution

to the vision actualization.

STEP 1: Implementation Action Plan

This step involved preparation of an implementation plan with clear milestones for the

identified projects to ensure timely implementation and sustainable stakeholder participation.

Programs/ Project Identified

Responsible agency/Stakeholder

Estimated Duration

Programs Program 1 Program n Project Project 1 Project n



Implementation Plan

Phase 4: Documentation Phase

This phase has involved sharing of all the reports and outputs with SUDA, ULB and key

stakeholders and finalizing the same after incorporating their feedback. These outputs are

documented for the purpose of wider dissemination.

Integrating gender concerns in all the process: A key thrust of the CDP is to bring gender focus in the preparation of CDP. This has been

ensured in the following ways:

1. In the stakeholder consultation and FGD, concerns, needs and priorities are identified

separately for women and men

2. Wherever possible, gender disaggregated data was colleted, analyzed and presented.

3. Strategies and City investment plan are prepared incorporating the gender development.

1.5 Spatial coverage of the Sambalpur City Development Plan

The spatial coverage of the proposed Sambalpur City Development Plan was determined

based on the following:

1. Mapping of the present development area and its comparison with the municipal area

and the potential areas of growth between development area and the municipal area

2 City reconnaissance to understand the growth potential, growth directions and extend

of growth on the periphery/city outskirts beyond the municipal area.

3. Consultation with the stakeholders on the city’s future growth potential and direction

of growth.

A review of the growth potential within the development area and around the municipal limits

indicates that the areas which have been registered rapid growth in the recent past do not

form part of municipal or city jurisdiction. These areas mainly constitute the Burla area and

Hirakund area. Discussions also revealed that these areas have the potential to form a

larger municipal area leading to constitution of Sambalpur Municipal Corporation.



Based on the above, Sambalpur CDP is proposed to cover an area of 170 sq.km covering

the present municipal limits, Burla area and Hirakund area. The CDP also recommends to

consider Sambalpur Municipal Corporation covering these areas. The envisaged CDP area

of 170 sq. kms. includes the Sambalpur municipal area of 33.66 sq. kms, Burla area of 87.30

sq kms and Hirakund area of 49.02 sq kms.

1.6 Timeframe for CDP

Based on the discussions with stakeholders, following timeframe for CDP is suggested:

Start date – 2008

Mid period – 2011 and 2021

End date – 2028; However, the end date is rounded off to the closest census year of

2031.

1.7 The relationship between master plan and CDP

Master Plan is a spatial document. CDP is a far more comprehensive vision document and

would subsume the master plan. CDP should indicate the direction in which the city would

like to move on. The municipal area, master plan area and development area is given below:

Table 1: Municipal area, Master plan area and CDP area Area in sq km

Sambalpur Municipal Area 33.66

Sambalpur Master Plan Area 95.68

Sambalpur CDP Area (Sambalpur

municipal area of 33.66 sq. kms + Burla

area of 87.30 sq kms + Hirakund area of

49.02 sq kms 170



CHAPTER 2. City Profile and Economy 2.1. Location and Linkages Sambalpur is a major town and an administrative headquarter of Sambalpur district having a

population of 1, 53,643 (2001 census). The town derives its name from the Goddess

SAMALAI who was installed as tutelary deity by Maharaj Balaram Dev. Sambalpur is

surrounded by two important notified area councils namely Hirakud and Burla towns which

house Hirakud Dam, V.S.S Medical College, Sambalpur University, University College of

Engineering and Industry like HINDALCO. These three towns viz., Sambalpur, Hirakud,

Burla are well connected by N.H 06 and NH42 with Bhubaneswar and Cuttack on the one

hand and Bargarh and Raipur on the other. An upcoming industrial area in the state and the

region known as Jharsuguda is just 50 k.m. away from Sambalpur on S.H 10. Sambalpur

has well linked Railway line connecting Kolkota on the one hand and Chennai on the other.

Thus, Sambalpur town has the potential to emerge as regional growth hub along with the

Hirakud, Burla and Jharsuguda areas.

The temperature of this town varies from 45 0C to 200C. 91% of rain is received during June

to September i.e. during southwest monsoon. The soil of this town and its surrounding area

is of hard type. The texture of the soil is of black cotton kind of clay.

2.2 Regional Settings

The regional setting of any city not only forms the base for its future development but also

has a great influence towards improving its economy and raising its standards.

Sambalpur town is located in the Middle part of the Sambalpur District. It is surrounded by

Angul, Boudh & Sonepur district to the South, Bargarh district to the West,.Jharsuguda &

Sundergarh to the North and Deogarh District to the East .



Figure 2.1 Map of the city describing ward boundaries

Sambalpur City covers the area of 33.66 sq km.

City Profile

Population (current year) 1, 53,643(2001)

Area in sq. km of

Municipal Area

33.66 SqKm

Development Area in

sq.km

95.68 sq. km population 587637

Number of Wards 29

Year of Establishment of

Municipality

1876

Latitude: 83o.58’E Longitude: 21o.28’ N Geographical Location

Elevation from the mean sea level (in feet): 513



Air:The nearest airport is situated at Bhubaneswar.

Rail: Sumbalpur is connected by Railway with direct rail link to

Calcutta, Delhi, Hyderabad and Chennai, Bangalore, Cochin,

Patna, Guahati, Bhubaneswar & Puri.

Connectivity

Road: The town is well connected with the major Indian

Metropolis like Kolkata, Chennai, Mumbai and New Delhi and

other Urban Centers of Orissa through a network of roads and

rails. The National Highway NO.6 linking Kolkata and Mumbai

passes through Sambalpur. The NH 42 connecting NH-5 & NH-

6 starts from Sambalpur.

Climate Temperature

Summer - Max.46, Min.25.1;

Winter - Max.35.2, Min.5

Average Annual Rainfall: Mid June-September 60.5 inches

(153.82 cms)

Humidity: The mean relative humidity varies from 38%to 86%at

08.30 hrs and from 19%to 84%at 17.30 hrs.

2.3. Physical Characteristics The geographical structures of this city/town include fertile land. In fact, this town is made up

of Indo Alluvial meadows (grounds) since ancient time. We find layers of Aeolian on the soil

of this area. We can also find clay, sand and small stones mixed with the soil.

2.3.1 Geography Sambalpur town is located at 21°- 3' North Latitude and 84°- 0' East Longitude in Western

Orissa. The average elevation is 150.75 meters above the mean sea level.

The geography of Sambalpur comprises of the following:

Rivers :- The Mahanadi

Mountains :- Laxmi Dungri, Budharaja, Brooks Hill (Small hill)

Plain Area :- Mandlia, Sunapali, Durgapali, Dhanupali, Makhnapara

Small Ponds :- 18

Big Ponds :- 8

Sea/Gulf :- Nil



2.3.2 Climatic Conditions The town experiences extreme type of climate with hot and dry summer followed by humid

monsoon rain and severe cold in winter with maximum and minimum recorded temperature

of 46°C and 5 °C, respectively. The average annual rainfall is 1388mm. The southeast to

Southwest areas experience rain, during July to September. 91% of rain of the season is

received during this period. Some amount of rainfall is received from western disturbances

during winter.

2.3.3 Drainage System

The topography of Sambalpur town is saucer shaped. Hence excess water due to storm

creates flood. The Mahanadi is a perennial river flowing through the town. The rain water

instead of flowing into other rivers flow towards land areas, causing floods particularly in the

northern and southern parts of the town.

2.3.4 Geology The most prevalent soil of city is of clay type, which is known as black cotton and at times

lime stones/sand layers are also found in this kind of land. Some parts the land is of reddish

or yellowish in appearance, and is not suitable for cultivation. Thick spread of sandy soil and

saline mud flats is found along the coast.

2.4 Historical Importance and urban growth: In the year 1556, Raja Balaram Singh established his capital in Sambalpur village and

established titulary deity Samleswari and a temple. Between 1556 to 1800, the town

development was in a bow form. The town was surrounded by a semicircular water channel,

which ultimately negotiated river Mahanadi towards South. The main activity of the town

was limited to the landmass coming within the water channel and the river. Royal and

religious activities, trade and commerce, etc. were concentrated within this landmass. Since

maritime activity was also one of the traditional occupations, the fishermen and the Jhara

community also flourished and probably settled outside the water channel, which is presently

known as Kunjel Para.



Towards the late part of the 19th Century English people have taken over the town and

railway connection was extended to Sambalpur from Jharsuguda. With the establishment of

British rule in Sambalpur some important institutions came up, such as Jail, the Military

Barrack, the Police Guard House, etc. The court complex contributed to the linear

development of the town along the riverbed. The Jail and the Military barracks opened up a

new road, which led to the extension of the town. Though Railway came to Sambalpur in

1893, its impact during past seven years was not conspicuous.

However at the beginning of 20th century, the trade and commerce has picked up and

flourished due to the railways. The Railways helped in organizing the market on a sound

footing and encouraged outsiders to come and settle in Sambalpur. Areas like Khetrajpur,

Modipara, Marwaripara, Sansarak etc. have developed as commercial areas and mainly

housed the business community. During this period some local institutions like post office,

the district board office, the hospital, the town hall, the club House etc have come into

existence. The presence of police line and road station has contributed to the development

of northern part of the city. The Zilla School was established in the year 1920 which

presently houses the Gangadhar Meher College. During 1946, the Orissa Secretariat was

shifted to Sambalpur, and the Zilla School premises were used as the Secretariat. The

workers of the Secretariat were given residential accommodation at the foot of the Budharaja

Hills. The District Hospital was established in the year 1939 adjacent to the college. Thus it

can be stated that Sambalpur had its full fledged growth from the temple Samaleswari, to the

Collectorate complex, which formed the east-west axis of development and the complexes

like, Police Line, Road Station and Secretariat, accelerated the development along North-

South axis.

Due to the construction and operation of the multi-purpose Hirakud Dam Project the

importance of Sambalpur increased manifold between 1948 to 1961. After 1961 the town

has been gaining importance as an administrative-cum-institutional and commercial centre.

As a result the demand for more shops, offices, educational institutions, residential areas etc

is increasing day by day. This has to a large extent resulted in haphazard and unplanned

development of the town. New residential colonies built by Government and Semi-

Government bodies have come up towards the North East of the town, viz the L.I.C. Colony,

PWD colony etc. A good number of offices and institutions have also come up during this

period, including the women’s college and the training college.



2.5 Demography

According to the 2001 census Sambalpur town has a population of 1, 54,164. The decadal

growth of population in Sambalpur town from 1961 to 2001 is shown in Table below. The

Growth rate of the population was highest during the years 1981. The growth rate of

population has marginally decreased during the last decade. But due to rapid

industrialization in and around Sambalpur in Power, Steel and Aluminium sectors during last

five years, huge migration of work force from surrounding region is taking place.

2.5.1 Population Growth Trends

Table 2.1 Population growth rate

Year Area of the City

(in sq. kms) Population

Density per Sq.km Population Growth Rate

1961 25.38 38,195 1504 66.2

1971 25.38 64,675 2548 69.32

1981 33.66 1,10,282 3276 70.51

1991 33.66 1,31,138 3895 18.91

2001 33.66 1,54,164 4580 17.55 Source: District Statistical Hand Book Sambalpur

Figure 2.2 Population

The following graph shows the population has gone up during 1961 to 1981 due the

construction of Hira Kund Dam near the city as well as extension of the jurisdiction of the

city.

Source: District Statistical Hand Book Sambalpur



Figure 2.3 Population growth rate

2.5.3 Ward Profile Sambalpur Municipality is divided into 29 administrative wards. The population, households

and average household size of each ward are furnished in Table Below.

Table 2.2 Showing ward wise population and Density

Ward no.

Area in sq km

Ward_ Population Ward Density (pers./ sq km)

% Ward population Over Total population

1 2.849 5508 1933 3.6 2 0.971 6060 6239 3.9 3 2.104 8937 4247 5.8 4 0.486 5526 11379 3.6 5 1.781 6218 3492 4.0 6 0.324 4555 14069 3.0 7 0.486 5261 10833 3.4 8 0.809 6032 7453 3.9 9 3.310 4997 1510 3.3 10 0.162 3603 22258 2.3 11 0.057 3209 56640 2.1 12 0.162 3589 22171 2.3 13 0.162 4155 25668 2.7 14 0.486 4284 8822 2.8 15 0.486 4053 8346 2.6 16 0.486 6460 13302 4.2 17 0.324 6729 20785 4.4 18 0.486 4760 9802 3.1 19 0.324 4930 15228 3.2 20 0.324 5795 17900 3.8




21 0.971 4689 4828 3.1 22 0.324 3785 11691 2.5 23 0.486 4093 8428 2.7 24 3.634 5095 1402 3.3 25 5.131 4125 804 2.7 26 0.809 4842 5982 3.2 27 2.266 6559 2894 4.3 28 1.133 7377 6510 4.8 29 2.331 8417 3611 5.5

Figure 2.4 Showing the Ward Map of the city with Ward wise Population

Source: Sambalpur Municipality




Figure 2.5 Ward Area Variation

Figure 2.6 Ward Population Variation

There is huge variation in the areas of different wards & in same manner the population in

these wards also highly unbalanced , for example, lowest area 0.057 sqkm is in ward-11,

whereas biggest one has 5.131 sqkm, for population point of view ward-3 has biggest with

8937 people, whereas ward-11 has lowest one with 3209 people.

This heavy variation causes the problems for the development of urban areas and overall

growth of city.





Figure 2.7 Ward wise Population Density

Figure 2.8 Population Density Variation in Wards

Above map & graph shows very high variation in population Density, where ward-11 has

very high density (56640 pers./sqkm), and ward-25 has very low density (804 pers./sqkm).

This variation is creating high pressure of urban need in some area and at same time cause

under-development of other area.



Figure 2.9 Percentage Ward Population Over Total Population

Figure 2.10 Percentage Ward Population Over Total Population

The above graph and map indicates % ward population over total population where highest

is of ward-3 with 5.5% & lowest in ward-11 with 2.1%.This skewed variation clearly suggest

the needs in basic infrastructure services.



780800820840860880900920940

1971 1981 1991 2001

Year

Sex Ratio

Figure 2.11 Sex ratio of the city

2.6 Socio- Economic and Culture Heritage Characteristics The literacy rate of the city, which is

79.09%, is less than the state literacy rate

and the female literacy rate, which is

71.47%, is far less than the male literacy

rate Figure 86.16%. The sex ratio of

Sambalpur is 929 in 2001. Between 1991

and 2001, the ratio has recorded a

continuous increase from 893 to 929. In

the year 2001 it has reached 929, which is

higher than the state urban average of 895

and national urban average of 901.

Table 2.3 Decadal sex ratio

Population Sr. No.

Year Total Male Female

No of females per 1000 males

1 1,961 38,915 21,112 17,803 843 2 1,971 64,675 35,179 29,496 838 3 1,981 110,282 58,277 52,005 892 4 1,991 131,138 69,248 61,890 893 5 2,001 153,643 79,683 73,960 929

2.6.1 Key Socio – Economic Features

A summary of key socio economic features are presented in the table below

Table 2.4 Key socio-economic features

Particulars Orissa (Urban Area) City

Urban Sex Ratio (female per 1000 Male) 895 929

Literacy Rate (Percent) 88.63 79.09

Literacy Rate (Percent) Male 86.16

Literacy Rate (Percent) Female 71.47

Workers Participation Rate (Percent) 34.29 38.02

Proportion of Main Workers to total workers

(Percent)

89.8 91.92




The total Workers in 2001 has slightly increased from 30.43% to 31.45% of which

contribution of women has increased from 9.20% to 12.52%.

2.6.2 Details of Occupational Pattern

The percentage of main workers to the total workers has reduced from 97.43% to 91.92%.

The percentage of male and female main workers to total male and female workers has also

reduced from 99.47 to 94.38 and 85.23 to 81.53 respectively. The percentage of marginal

workers to total workers has increased significantly from 2.56%to 8.07% in which the share

of female marginal workers has increased by 4.30%. The percentage of non-workers among

both males and females has decreased marginally which indicates that more and more

women are entering the workforce.

Table 2.5 Showing workers participation in 1991 and 2001

S.

NCategory 1991 2001

No. Percentage No. Percentage1 Total Workers 39907 30.43 48332 31.45 Male 34213 49.40 39067 49.04 Female 5694 9.20 9265 12.52

2 Main workers 38885 97.43 44430 91.92 Male 34032 99.47 36876 94.39 Female 4853 85.23 7554 81.53

3 Marginal Workers 1022 2.56 3902 8.07

Male 181 .52 2191 5.6 Female 841 14.76 1711 18.46

4 Non workers 91231 69.56 105311 68.54

Male 35035 50.59 40616 50.97 Female 56196 90.79 64695 87.47

Source: District Statistical Hand Book Sambalpur 2005



Table 2.6 Showing category wise workers participation in 1991

From the data on the distribution of the main workers by occupation category it can be seen

that a large proportion of main workers belong to the categories of other services (32%),

trade and commerce (22%) and manufacturing other than household (16%). This indicates

that the economy of the town is broad based and diversified.

2.6.3 Trade and Commerce The town has many important institutions and Govt. buildings like Revenue Division,

Collectorate, Dr. Parsuram Mishra Training College, Gangadhar Meher College, N.S.C.B.

College, Women's College, Regional Office of SBI, Railway Division and many more Govt. &

Non- Govt. offices. Besides these, Sambalpur University, VSS Medical College & Hospital,

University College of Engineering and Head Offices of Mahanadi Coalfields ltd. & WESCO

are located in the peripheral town of Burla. Similarly industries like Hindalco, HIW etc. are

located in the peripheral town of Hirakud. Also it is a commercial city having many more

banking organizations, both Govt. and Private to facilitate the people of Sambalpur town and

the outsiders. A number of steel plants and other private companies are coming up in the

district having head quarters at Sambalpur town. The trade and commerce of the city

Nos. % to total main worker

Cultivators 1,237 3.2

Agriculture Labours 1,954 5.0

Livestock, forestry, fishing, hunting

and plantation and allied activities

1,315 3.4

Mining and quarrying 151 0.4

Manufacturing processing,

servicing and repairs in Household

industry

1,409 3.6

Manufacturing processing,

servicing and repairs in other than

Household industry

6,185 15.9

Construction 1,365 3.5

Trade and commerce 8,639 22.2

Transport storages and

communication

4,346 11.2

Other services 12,284 31.6

d Book



comprises of both organized and unorganized markets. Gole Bazar is an important

commercial center for retail trade. Wholesale trade is carried out at Khetrajpur near the

railway station.

2.6.4 Tourism Related Activities The town is a center of cultural activities and tourist attraction due to the presence of Hirakud

dam and Samaleswari temple. Sambalpur is the gateway to the western part of the Orissa.

The city is famous for its dance, tribal culture and Sambalpuri sari and the city is getting

momentum as tourist destination due to its closeness to many important tourist attractions.

These include Huma Temple , Ghanteshwari , Usakothi and Deojharan. Sambalpur city has

a number of standard hotels and two of them belong to the star category. There are a

number of restaurants as well.

From the table below it can be seen that there has been a gradual increase in inflow of

domestic tourist in past three years and a decrease in foreign tourists. The tourist generally

visits the city by train or bus. There is no air connectivity in the city. Hence there is a need to

augment connectivity to the city.

Table 2.7 Number of Tourist Inflow in past three years

2004 2005 2006

Domestic Foreign Total Domestic Foreign Total Domestic Foreign Total

133361 329 133690 157477 255 157732 170048 264 170312

2.6.5 Industrial Activity

Sambalpur Town has large rice mills, an oil Mill and a foundry besides there are a number of

small-scale industries. Industrial Estate of city is located towards the northwest part of the

town and an approach road connects it with National Highway No. 6. Sambalpur is likely to

benefit from the emerging industrial areas at Jarsuguda, which is located at about 50 Km

from the city. Jarsuguda has witnessed setting up of 10 to 12 steel plants in the last few

years and is likely to grow further. Sambalpur town is likely to act as a residential hub to

support it.

Source: District Tourism office Sambalpur



2.6.6 Culture Heritage

Sambalpur derives its name from that of the Goddess Samaleswari; an incarnationn of

Shakti, who is regarded as the reigning deity of the region. The place is famous for its

globally renowned textile bounded patterns and fabrics; locally known as Baandha. In the

past Sambalpur has been a great centre of diamond trade. Apart from textiles, Samabalpur

has a rich tribal heritage and fabulous forestlands. Sambalpur and its cultural vicinity

embody varied cultures and customs.

Dhanu Yatra is celebrated as a commemoration of Lord Krishna’s visit to Mathura. It is a

distinctive form of annual festivity, in which the small isolated Bargah town in Sambalpur

district of Orissa turns into a massive open-air theatre. The basic idea behind this festival is

to celebrate the victory of Lord Krishna over his autocrat uncle Kansa, who was a very cruel

man. During the Dhanu yatra period, Bargah serves as the classic town Mathura, which is

also the place where Lord Krishna took birth.

River Jira turns into Yamuna and the village Amapalli, situated on the other bank of the river,

serves as Gopa. At the time of this yatra, people attire in the style resembling that of the

mythological period. It also witnesses different acts, based on the Puranic description, being

performed by them. The origin of Dhanu yatra can be traced back to the times of British

regime. The year 1999 witnessed the celebration of its golden jubilee. The yatra lasts for a

period of seven to eleven days and falls on the the full-moon day of 'Pausa' i.e. 'Pausa

Purnima'.



CHAPTER 3. Land Use and Environment 3.1 Land Use 3.1.1 Development Planning

The Orissa Town Planning and Improvement Trust Act, 1956 was extended over the

Sambalpur Master Plan area in the year, 1984 U/S 32 of the Act, and the master plan area

was extended in the year 1987 to Burla and Hirakud in the year 1997.

3.1.1 Master Plan/ Land Use Plan

Table 3.1 Showing Land use as per the master plan 1978

Land use as per the master plan 1978 Area Percentage to total

developed land Residential Zone 1027.64 36.57 Commercial Zone 194.29 6.91 Industrial Zone 129.80 4.62 Administrative,Institutional & Public Utilities

a) Administrative b) Educational c) Health d) Religious&Cultural

3169.68 61.68 147.56 18.05 25.75

12.85 6.04 5.25 0.64

0.912

Open Space a) Park b) Play Ground c) Orchard

74.80 6.68

12.75 55.37

2.66 0.24 0.45 1.97

Circulation a) Roads b) Railway

1022.52 702.75 319.77

36.39 25.01 11.38

Developed land 2810.09 100.00 Green Belt

a) Agricultural Land& forest b) Water Bodies

20831.07 19409.89 1421.18

Master Plan Area 23641.16

The present Master Plan of Sambalpur comprises of Sambalpur municipal area, Burla NAC,

Hirakund NAC and adjoining 21 revenue villages having a total area of 23641.16 acres or

95.68 Sqm Kms.

Source: Master plan Sambalpur



Table 3.2 Showing Land use as per the master plan 1978

Proposed Land use as per the master plan 1978 Area Percentage to total

developed land Residential Zone 3634.36 51.70 Commercial Zone 391.10 5.56 Industrial Zone 495.87 7.05 Administrative,Institutional & Public Utilities.

568.35 8.09

Open Space 605.65 8.61 Circulation 1335.07 18.99 Developed land 7030.70 100.00 Green Belt

c) Agricultural Land& forest d) Water Bodies

16610.76 15382.82 1227.94

Master Plan Area 23641.16 3.1.2 Spatial Growth pattern

Figure 3.1 Showing the potential growth area

Rairakhol &Angul ,Cuttack

Hirakud & Bargarh

Jharsuguda & Sundergarh

Sambalpur is the largest city in the

western Orissa and plays a key

role in the tribal belt of Orissa.

The presence of Hirakund dam,

which is the largest/longest dam in

the world Access to NH 6.

Sambalpur along with Hirakund

Area and Burla Area is said to

have the potential to become

Municipal Corporation in the

future.

Sambalpur is likely to benefit from

the emerging industrial area at

Jarsuguda, which is located at

around 50 Km from Sambalpur.

Jarsuguda has witnessed setting

up of 10 to 12 steel plants in the

last few years and is likely to grow

further. Sambalpur is likely to act

as a residential hub to support it.

Source: Master plan Sambalpur

Source: Discussion with Stakeholders



Key issues

• The future directions of growth are towards Jarsuguda, which is coming up with large

industries, which will demand residential cultural and recreational facilities, which are

not provided in the master plan on date.

• The present master plan is very old and obsolete due to which the city is growing

haphazardly. Therefore there is uncontrolled development of mixed land use.

• There are violations in the regulations of the Master Plan

• The Land use distribution in the city is skewed up

• There is an increased demand of residential complexes and other amenities resulting

in unplanned growth and the land prices are drastically increasing.

• Large numbers of slums have come up on the lands, which are not taken care of and

have not been developed properly. Encroachment of public land and open spaces

creates unhygienic conditions and reduced green space leading to deteriorating

environmental conditions.

• There is good potential for tourism in the city and its vicinity but it is not paid due

attention in the master plan. There is a need for incorporation of tourism development

in the master plan.

• The Road development activities are not properly planned. Open space, parks and

recreational areas are inadequate and are not properly organized in the city.

3.2 Urban Environment System: Overview Due to the rapid growth of population and urbanization, environment of the city has got

subjected to changes that could have adverse and irreparable effect on it. Any city planning

without due importance given to the environment component is unlikely to be sustainable.

Studies and researches conducted worldwide have revealed the undesirable implications

that an unplanned and haphazard growth of a city could have on its environment.

Furthermore, there is an inherent positive relationship between physical environment and

human health. The major aspects of urban environment include surface water bodies,

ground water, quality of water, urban forestry etc.

3.2.1 Ground Water The quality of ground water is generally good as ground water is free from suspended

impurities and the quality is generally reliable. The straining action of porous strata through

which the water travels is responsible for improving their quality due to pollution by surface

contamination and soaking of land drainage. Very often well water requires sterilization and



even chemical treatment to remove dissolved gases and minerals. The water from both dug

wells and tube wells is marginally polluted except in some places such as Deulbandh,

Pathanpada, Bhati road and S.J. Hostel in the city.

3.2.2 Water Bodies Ponds and other still water bodies are useful domestic sources for people residing in water

scarcity areas. It is no different in Sambalpur town where residents depend upon such water

bodies due to either inadequate or irregular access to potable water. These water bodies are

used for variety of purposes including bathing and drinking. Thus still water bodies are

valuable not only of aquatic creation but also for human beings. Deterioration of water

bodies cause ecological imbalance as well as health hazards. These ponds may deteriorate

in water quality due to several causes such as quick siltation, natural damage and rapid

population growth in concerned area.

Considering the above facts, samples were collected from most of the ponds in Sambalpur

as well as Hirakund for testing quality with respect to various physical-chemical & biological

parameters. The locations of ponds with their characteristics are mentioned in the table

below.

3.2.2.1 Quality of Pond water It is observed that the parameters like BOD, Chloridehave high presence which suggest the

deterioration of water quality in fresh water bodies. The PH values varied from 6.9 at

Danibandh to 8.1 at Manikmunda (slightly alkaline) but remained within the stipulated limit of

fresh water Ph i.e. 6.5-9.0(class-B). Here most of the pond contains high organic load and

require more oxygen for its de-composition which is noticed through the values of BOD

obtained. The range varied between 12.0- 40.0 mg/l which might be in most of the cases due

to in-flow of sewage, domestic wastes and practice of open defecation. The total hardness

as well as chloride indicated slightly higher values except for

Deolbandha,Mathapali,Sarlakani and Kenghati. In short it may be stated that water quality of

most of the ponds under observation does not fit either for drinking or bathing.

Key issues

• The quality of water bodies in the city is degrading rapidly.

• Most of the ponds are contaminated with the growth of weeds and plants

• The existing water bodies are reportedly heavily silted due to non-maintenance and

require strengthening of embankments.



• Most of the ponds are not fit for drinking as well as bathing due to dumping of solid

waste. • Open Defecation is common practice in the ponds leading to unhealthy and

unhygienic conditions.

Table 3.3 Location & Characteristics of Pond

Sl.no. Pond Location Characteristics of pond 1. Jurabandh Adjacent to Panitanki,

Sambalpur Greenish colour, full of weeds, used for bathing, washing by the dwellers of Thelkopara and Modi para.

2. Manikmunda Modipara Used for bathing, washing,ponds looks dirty & full of weeds

3. Deulbandha Modipara Used for bathing, washing,ponds looks dirty & full of weeds

4. Ramasagar Behind Taxi stand Full of weeds and pale colour water. Sorruonded by walls and used mostly by slum dwellers for all purposes except drinking

5. Danibandh Danipalli Dirty Greenish colour, full of weeds, Used for bathing,

6. Sakhipara bandh

sakhipara Full of weeds, used for bathing

7 Bhatara Bhatara Clean water used for bathing , Washing & pisciculture.

8. Khandual Bandh

Khandual village Dirty & full of weeds, used for bathing and washings etc.

9. Beheramunda Inside beheramunda Dirty used for bathing and washings etc. 10. Mathapali

Bandh Mathapali Dirty, used for bathing and washings etc.

11. Bareipali Industrial estate Greenish colour, full of weeds, Used for bathing and pesciculture.

12 Katardhua Fatak Used for bathing, Washing by local people. Provided barricade

13. Kenghati Bandh

Kenghati Greenish in colour and full of weeds.Used for Bathing and washing

14. Sarlakani Bandh

Sarlakani Greenish in colour and full of weeds.Used for Bathing and washing

15. Pond at Hirakund

Hirakund Greenish in colour used for Bathing and washing.

Source: Orissa State Pollution control board



CHAPTER 4. Urban Management and

Governance 4.1 City Management The city administration is vested with the Sambalpur Municipality. Sambalpur is functioning

as a full-fledged Municipality with a jurisdiction of 33.66 square kilometers. It has a total

population of 1,53,643 persons (as per 2001 census). Sambalpur Municipality is governed

by the Orissa Municipality Act, 1950. Sambalpur Municipality came into being in 19 83 with

an elected Chair Person and councilors. Development Authority (SDA) was constituted to

regulate and monitor the development of the city. SDA functions under the Orissa

Development Authorities Act. SDA undertakes the preparation of the development plans,

zonal plans and regulates development in its area including building plans.

Table 4.1 State agency /agencies involved in planning of urban development and delivery of infrastructure services

Sector Agency undertaking

Planning Agency undertaking delivery of services

Role of ULB

Land use

management

State/ District

Development Authority/

improvement trust and

District planning

Department

District Development

Authority/District Town

planning Authority and

improvement trust

ULB is

associated

Town Planning Development Authority/

Town planning

Department

Functionaries of

Development Authority

and Planning

authorities in district

ULB is

associated

Traffic and

transportation

Government in transport

department

Home department of

state government

Not

associated

Water supply

and sewerage

Public health engineering

organization and Orissa

water supply and

sewerage board

Functionaries under

PHE and OWS&SB

organization

Not

associated

Solid Waste

Management

Orissa Renewable

Energy development

Agency

ULB Concerned Associated



Source: Various departments and agencies

4.1.1 Legislative Basis of Governing Institutions Table 4.1 Legislative Basis of Governing Institutions

Names of Institution Governing Institutions

Sambalpur Municipality Orissa Municipal Act –1950 Sambalpur Development Authority S DA Orissa Development Authorities Act, 1982

Orissa Water Supply and Sewerage

Board

Section 67 of OWSSB 1991

Public Health and Engineering

Organisation

Formed by Government of Orissa

Orissa Pollution Control Board Section 4 of the (water prevention and control

of pollution) amendment act 1975Source: Sambalpur Municipality

Orissa Municipal Act The Orissa Municipal Act, 1950 (OMA) governs all types of urban local bodies. Some of

the salient features of the Act are

• Under this law the elected council has all executive and financial powers in

comparision with the Zillsa Parishad, Panchayat Samiti, and Gram

Panchayat, where executive functions and responsibilities rest largely with the

officials, under the OMA, the entire responsibility rests with the elected

people.

• Following the amendment of the Constitution, the power of supercession of

Municipal Councils has been done away with in the OMA.

• The State Government is pursuing series of amendments to the Act so that

the powers of the State Government relating to conduct of elections are

transferred to the constitutional body, the State Election Commission.

• The earlier practice of the State Government approving the Holding Tax rates

is being dispensed with. This will result in decentralization of decision making,

restore the legitimate rights of ULBs, and make available an elastic source of

revenue to them.



Town Planning Act

• The Salient features are :

• Extension of the Orissa Town Planning Act over the identified areas.

• Conducting detailed physical and socio-economic surveys, analyzing the data

collected, drawing conclusions, assessing the gaps and forecasting the future

requirements.

• Preparing the draft master plan.

• Constitution of Planning Authorities. There can be three types of Planning

Authorities, namely the local body having jurisdiction over the area or an

Improvement Trust or a Special Planning Authority.

• Publication of the draft master plans by the Planning Authority, inviting

objections and suggestions from the public.

• Finalization of the master plans by the Directorate of Town Planning in the

light of the suggestions received.

• Approval of the master plan by the Competent Authority.

• Enforcement of the provisions of the master plan and zoning regulations by

the Planning Authority by way of issuing permissions for constructions of

buildings.

• Implementation of the provisions of the master plan by the Planning Authority

by way of execution of a series of schemes and projects.

Orissa Development Authority Act

• Extension of the provisions of the Act over the identified area and declaring

such area as a development area.

• Constitution of Development Authority.

• Preparation of interim, comprehensive and zonal development plans.

• Publication of development plans for inviting objections and suggestions.

• Finalizing the development plan in the light of objections and suggestions.

• Approval of the development plan by the State Government.

• Enforcement of the provisions of the development plan, zoning regulations

and planning and building standards by the Development Authorities by way

of issuing permissions for construction of buildings.

• Preparation and implementation of development schemes.

• Preparation and implementation of town planning scheme (Land Pooling

Scheme) implementation.



Urban land (ceiling and regulation) repeal act, 1999

• The Urban Land (Ceiling and Regulation) Repeal Act, 1999 has been adopted in the

State.

• The Urban Land (ceiling and Regulation) Act, 1976 of Government of India came into

force in the state of Orissa w.e.f 17.02.1976 and was applicable to only Cuttack

Urban Agglomeration as the population of the said agglomeration was more than one

lakh at that time.



Table 4.2 Institutional framework and role of urban local body in different sectors

Sl. No

Name of the Institution

Responsibilities and Functions Remarks (Intended roles as per 74th CAA)

1 Sambalpur Development Authority

Sambalpur Development Authority SDA was constituted under Orissa Development Authorities Act, 1982. Preparation and implementation of Area Development plans and projects for ensuring scientific land use pattern. Working as coordinating agency between various Government Departments and other agencies involved in development activities. Development of land by acquisition for various purposes in suitable locations based on an assessment of future needs, control of land subdivision and reconstruction of plots wherever necessary. Determining the phasing development.

All functions pertaining to Master plan and development plan Preparation, preparation of development schemes and its implementation, all city Planning functions development controls and building sanctions with in the SM limits, to be dealt by SM as per the 74th CAA. SDA should be abolished and functions other than above should be transferred to the Directorate of Town Planning.

2 Public Health Engineering Organisation (PHEO), GoO

Responsible for Construction and maintenance of city water supply, sanitary, sewerage installation owned by the GoO. Also responsible for planning, designing, construction, operation and maintenance of water supply system and management of wastewater schemes including their transportation and distribution. Apart from above, the PHEO is also responsible for construction and maintenance of external and internal water supply, sewerage and sanitary installation for state government buildings (both residential and non residential) in the city.

All functions pertaining to Designing and Construction, operation and maintenance of water supply system and management of wastewater schemes including their transportation and distribution within SM the limits to be dealt by SM per the 74th CAA The PHEO can continue to deliver it assigned responsibilities and functions outside the administrative jurisdiction of the SM.



3 Works Department (R&B Division), GoO

Responsible for construction, repair and maintenance of buildings, roads, bridges and other related structures financed from the state and capital budget allocations of the GoO. All major arterial roads in the city are under the control of the WD. Also responsible for ensuring that no encroachment or structure, whether temporary or permanent is erected on the land and property under the control of WD. It is also responsible for removal of such encroachments as per the GoO rules. Maintaining a register of land, buildings and properties belonging to the GoO and under the administration of WD.

All functions pertaining to construction, repair and maintenance of all major arterial roads, city roads, bridges and other related road infrastructure within the SM limits to be dealt by the SM as per the 74th CAA. The Works Department can continue to deliver its assigned responsibilities and functions outside the administrative jurisdiction of the SM.

4 Orissa Water Supply and Sewerage Board (OWSSB), GoO

Responsible for construction and maintenance of major storm water drains (10 nos.) within SM limits.

As per the 74th CAA, the SM, at its own discretion, can decide to hire the services for the works within the BM limits.

5 State Pollution Control Board, Orissa

Responsible for pollution control and environmental protection. Deal with environmental monitoring and pollution control in the state Also undertakes environmental planning studies for the entire State

This institution should continue to act as a monitoring agency for environmental aspects of the city

6 Directorate of Town Planning, GoO

Advises the GoO on matters pertaining to urban planning

This Department should provide advisory services on matters pertaining to urban planning.

7 Industries Department, GoO Industrial Infrastructure Development Corporation of Orissa (IIDCO)

Responsible for planning and establishment of industries in the State. Also, responsible for development of industrial estates and industrial areas, creation of industrial infrastructure and amenities there in.

These Departments/Institutions should undertake development activities in close consultation/cooperation with the SM.

8 Orissa Tourism Development Corporation State Tourism Department, GoO

Responsible for identification and development of tourist interest site, publicity and development of infrastructure for tourism in form of lodging and boarding, transportation facilities. Arrangement of different tourism packages covering different tourist sites.

These Departments/Institutions should undertake development activities in close consultation/cooperation with the SM



Presently the Public Health Engineering Organisation is the service provider and plans,

executes, operates and maintains the Urban Water Supply and Sewerage System of the

State. The Orissa Water Supply and Sewerage Board execute major / mega water supply

and sewerage projects and after completion, hands over the projects to Public Health

Engineering Organisation for operation and maintenance.

The Public Health Engineering Organization has a committed work force of 7742 persons

consisting of 323 Engineering Personnel, 807 Ministerial Staffs assisting day to day office

administration, 3304 wages staff and 3308 Temporary Field Staff.

9 Forest (City Afforestation) Social Forestry

Responsible for development and maintenance of greenbelts roadside plantation development of parks and social forestry.

All functions within the SM limits to be dealt by the SM as per the 74th CAA. These agencies can continue to deliver its assigned responsibilities and functions outside the administrative jurisdiction of the SM

10 Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), GoI State Archaeological Department, GoO

Responsible for identification, protection and preservation of ancient monuments of national and state importance

These Departments/Institutions should undertake development activities in close consultation/cooperation with the SM.



Figure 4.1 Showing the organization structure of PHEO

Chief Engineer

M & P Design Circle, Circle Circle Circle Cuttack Bhubaneswar Sambalpur Berhampur

Cuttack-I Bhubaneswar-I Sambalpur Berhampur

Cuttack-II Bhubaneswar-II Bolangir Bhanjanagar

Baripada Bhubaneswar-III Rourkela Koraput

Puri

As shown in the above figure, PHEO is headed by the Chief Engineer who is eventually

responsible for overall planning, design, monitoring & execution, O & M of urban water

supply & sewerage systems in Orissa State. The Chief Engineer reports directly to the

Principal Secretary of the State Government. The “M & P” unit of PHEO is in charge of

planning, design and monitoring of urban water supply & sewerage system, preparation of

action plans, budgeting, procurement of materials, bidding, monitoring of the ongoing water

supply & sewerage systems, etc. The “Design” unit carries out design works relating to

urban water supply & sewerage systems and municipal works in Orissa State. There are

also 4 circles covering 13 field division including 4 in Circle Bhubaneswar and 3 in Circle

Cuttack, 53 sub-divisions and 198 section officers responsible for O & M and execution of

water supply & sewerage systems throughout the state.

4.2 Performance of 12th Schedule Functions – Municipal Corporation Table 4.3 Performance of 12th Schedule Functions – Municipal Corporation

S. No.

Function Wholly Partly Never

1 Urban Planning including Town planning √a) Regulation of Land-use √ 2 b) Regulation of building activity. √

3 a) Planning economic development √

Source: PHEO, Sambalpur



b) Planning social development. √ a) Roads √ 4 b) Bridges. √ Water supply- √ a) Industrial, √ b) Commercial √

5

c) Domestic √ a) Public health, √ b) Sanitation, √ c) Conservancy √

6

d) solid waste management √

7 Fire services √ a) Urban forestry, √ b) Protection of environment √

8 c) Promotion of ecological aspects. √ Safeguarding the interests of √ a) Weaker sections, √ b) Physically handicapped √

9

c) Mentally retarded. √

10 Slum improvement and up-gradation. √ 11 Urban poverty alleviation. √

Provision of urban amenities √ a) Parks, √

b) Gardens, √

12

c) Playgrounds and others √ Promotion of √ a) Education, √

13 b) Aesthetics and others √ a) Burial grounds, √ b) Cremations grounds √

14

c) Electric crematoria √ a) Cattle ponds √ 15

b) Prevention of cruelty to animals. √ a) Vital statistics, √ 16

b) Registration of births and deaths. √ a) Public amenities √ b) Street lighting, √ c) Parking lots, √

17

d) Bus shelters, √



e) Public conveniences and others √ Regulation of √ a) Slaughterhouses √

18

b) Tanneries. √

4.3 City level Reforms Table 4.4 City level Reforms

S.No Initiative Impact

1 Computerization of Municipal Records No

2 Asset Management No

3 Rationalization of Fees structure for mutation

and valuation certificates fees

No

4 Birth and Death certificates-Spot issue

introduced

No

5 Expenditure control

6 Updating of accounts and audit Yes

7 Computerization and Modernization of office

System

Partially

8 Capacity Building of Municipal Functionaries

and Elected Representatives

No

9 Study of Comprehensive storm water

drainage system

No

10 Sewerage Master Plan Preparation No

11 Strengthening of Town Planning with GIS No

12 Procurement of Mechanized solid waste

collection equipment

No

13 Establishment of Quality control Laboratory No

14 Face to face integration with Citizens

through City cable Network

No

15 Weekly Review of Staff meetings No


Source: UIDSSMT, Sambalpur



4.4 Functions of Sambalpur Municipality Sambalpur Municipality constitutes of 29 wards and discharges various obligatory and

discretionary functions as per the provisions of the OM Act, 1950 and provides various

specified civic services/infrastructure facilities to citizens of the city. Following are the main

obligatory and discretionary functions of Sambalpur Municipality:

• Conservancy services and solid waste management;

• Birth and death registration;

• Prevention of food adulteration;

• Preventive health care;

• Construction and maintenance of roads, drains and markets;

• Storm water drainage;

• Parks & plantation;

• Slum improvement and urban community development; and

• Street lighting and removal of encroachments.

• Poverty alleviation (BPL families, distribution of disability pension, Annapurna card,

SJSRY )

4.4.1 Organizational Structure of Sambalpur Municipality As per the provisions of the OM Act, 1950 the apex body is the ‘General Body’ of Sambalpur

Municipality headed by the honorable Chair Person. The Act provides for State Election

Commission to conduct and monitor election to the Municipality. The Act also empowers the

elected persons by assigning the functions of the Municipality. The Act provides for four

authorities in a Municipality as indicated below:

• Municipality;

• Chair Person;

• Council Committees; and

• Executive Officer.

The organizational setup of Sambalpur Municipality comprises of a political wing and an

executive wing. The political wing is an elected body of corporators’ from different wards in

the city and is headed by the honorable Chair Person. The executive wing, headed by

Municipal Executive Officer looks after the day to day functioning of Sambalpur Municipality

and supports the political wing in the decision-making process.



Political wing: The General Body headed by the honorable Chair Person consists of 8

Council Committees, dealing respectively with:

• Public Health, Hospital & Dispensary Committee

• Public Works Committee

• Finance Committee

• Education Committee

• Any other special subject relating to purpose of the Act.

Administrative wing: Under the Municipal Executive Officer, the wing is assisted by a

Additional Executive Officer, Municipal Engineers, Health officer.

Figure 4.1 The organization structure political wing of Municipality

CHAIRPERSON

VICE-CHAIRMAN

COUNCILLORS STATUTORY MEMBERS

Men (Unreserved) – 10 Women (Unreserved) – 4 Men (OBC) – 5 Women (OBC) – 3 Men (SC) – 2 Women (SC) – 2 Men (SC)-2 Women (ST) – 1

M.P., Sambalpur MLA, Sambalpur MLA, Kuchinda Nominee of State Govt.



SAMBALPUR MUNICIPAL COUNCIL

EXECUTIVE OFFICER

MUNICIPAL ENGINEER HEALTH OFFICER

JUNIOR ENGINEERS.

WORKERS, SAMPLE COLLECTORS AND

TECHNICIANS ASST.ENGINEER

WORK SARKARS

ROAD COOLIE LABOUREXECUTION OF THE PROJECT THROUGH

AGENCIES/CONTRACTORS

CIVIL MAINTENANCE WORKS

TESTING OF WATER SAMPLES, ADDING REQUIRED CHEMICALS

AND BIOMASS FOR PURIFICATION AND UPGRADATION OF WATER QUALITY, CLEANING FLOATING

OBJECTS

Figure 4.3 The organization structure of Municipality 4.4.2 Employee Strength of Sambalpur Municipality The Municipality has 713 employees. The employees can be classified as regular

employees consisting of LFS and NLFS staff and temporary employees consisting of Daily

Labor Roaster (DLR) staff.

Table 4.5 Classification of Employees of Sambalpur Municipality

Classification of Posts Total Deputation 4 Regular 155 DLR & NMR 123 Regular 131 NMR 300 TOTAL 713




4.4.3 Profile of various Sections 4.4.3.1 Accounts Section

Accounts section controls the fund utilization sanctioned from various funding agencies to

the Municipality. The Accounts section prepares annual budget of the Municipality and

controls financial expenditure on various activities. It keeps a constant watch over the

progress of expenditure as an important step towards financial and budgetary control.

The various activities carried out under Account Section are as follows:

1. Maintenance of Account

2. Preparation of Annual Budget;

3. Preparation of Salary Bill of staff;

4. Maintenance of record of GPF of Regular Staffs.

5. Maintenance of Pension Records.

4.4.3.2 Cash Section

This section records all types of cash received by the Municipality and records the transfer of

fund from Accountants cash book and records the payment of salary and pension by the

Municipality.

4.4.3.4 Establishment Section

The major functions of Establishment section are as follows:

• Fixation of Pay

• Issue of Periodical Increment Certificates

• Deputation, resignation & retention/termination, transfer of employees.

• Maintenance of leave account, service records, personal files & service books.

• Grant of Festival Advance and GPF Advance to the members of the Municipality.

• Payment of Medical Allowance of Rs.500 p.a. to Regular Employees Except DLR

• Adoption of various financial & administrative orders issued by the state government

from time to time.



4.4.3.5 Law Section Sambalpur Municipality has kept Legal retainers at courts, who have the legal right to

practice in the court of Justice. They give legal advice to the Executive Officer or Chair

Person in court matters. In the absence of any law officer, the dealing assistant in the

section seek advice from the Legal Retainers at his own discretion. The legal retainers are

paid as per their actual bills for consultancy or court hearings. The councils approve the

lawyers appointed to represent the municipality.

4.4.3.6 UBS Section

This section is responsible for the providing Urban Basic Services to the urban poor living in

slum areas. The section is responsible for implementation of Urban Self Employment

Programme, assistance to Community Structure, formation of thrift and credit Society, Urban

Wage employment Programme and Infrastructure Support.

4.4.3.7 Vehicle Section

This section deals with the supply of vehicles to the Municipality for conservancy, solid waste

management, and sanitary or official purposes.

The Municipality owns most of the heavy vehicles used in its work. Fuel for the vehicles is

filled from private filling stations. After the approval of municipal Executive Officer the fuel

bill is entertained. The vehicles, which are hired on rental basis, are used for official

purposes and for sanitary work. The agreement is made between the owner of the vehicle

and Sambalpur Municipality. Municipal Executive Officer is the supreme authority to approve

the contract. Presently Sambalpur Municipality is bearing all the fuel expenses of own and

hired vehicle.

4.4.3.8 Works Section The Works department of the Municipality is called the Works section. The Municipal

Engineer heads Works Section.

The Works Section is mainly concerned with the following works:



1. Preparation of estimates of new works and also for the repair and maintenance of

existing assets, civil buildings, roads, bridges, embankments, drains etc;

2. Invitation of tenders and appointment of contractors in concurrence with the Council

Committee of Contracts;

3. Execution of works;

4. Measurements on works executed under contracts; and

5. Completion report (Certificates and Plans).

Step I: Selection of work to be taken: Works are identified based on the request put

through the following sources:

• As a public representative, Corporators put forth their requisition

• During general inspection by Asst. Engineer and Junior Engineer.

Step II: Preparation of Plans and estimates: After administrative approval, detailed plans

and estimates are prepared along with indicative rates for each and every project by the

Works section under the supervision of Municipal Engineer.

Step III: Technical Sanction: Based on the detailed estimate, technical sanctioning is done

for the work to be taken up by the Municipal Engineer. For funds management, the projects

are identified and classified into scale and categories.

Step IV: Administrative Approval: Based on the total identified works, a listing of project is

done on priority basis each year. The list of works is then sent to the Council Committee for

any recommendation and then sent to the Executive Officer for Administrative Approval.

Step V: Tendering: The work to be taken up is put to tender. The tender documents

include:

1. Notice inviting tender;

2. Set of conditions to comply with by the person whose tender may be accepted, like

VAT clearance, EPF clearance, Labour license, PAN card Xerox, Contract license.

Step VI: Approval: The tender is sent for approval and then for Executive Officer approval,

and the agreement is made with the successful bidder and the work order is granted to him.



Step VII: Inspection of Works: The Municipal Engineer is the Inspector of Local Works. He

has the authority to report to the Executive Officer any deviance from the original

specifications found during inspection to take necessary actions against the contractor.

4.4.3.9 Health Section

The main function of this section is given below

1. Prevention of food adulteration, checking of food samples.

2. Issue of Birth & Death Certificate.

3. Sanitation

4. Taking care of public health, i.e. in case of diarrhea, disinfection. Medicines are also

given to the city people.

4.4.3.10 Stores Section

There are three type of stores that are available in the Municipality

• Council & Record Section

• Health Store

• Engineering Store

4.4.3.11 Primary Education Section:

There are 32 no of Primary Schools under Sambalpur Municipality but these have been

transfer to State Govt. The Municipality is still preparing the salary bill of 155 teachers

working in these schools. The Municipality is also maintaining the Personal File and GPF

loan registers of the teachers. The Municipality is not paying for the teachers from its funds

but is only preparing the salary bill of the teachers and sending it to the Govt. treasury for

payment.

4.4.3.12 Light Section

This section deals with the erecting, repair, replacement and maintenance of all the street

lights within the ambit of Sambalpur Municipality.



Key Issues

• There is a Lack of coordination between the Sambalpur Development Authority and

Municipality.

• The Sambalpur Development Authority and Municipality have less number of

employees

• Most of the Reforms like E-Sewa, Water harvesting, asset Management have not yet

being started.



CHAPTER 5. Municipal Infrastructure

5.1 Water Supply Since 1961, the source of potable water to the

town has been the surface water through power

pumps. Prior to 1961 there was no planned or

systematic water supply arrangement to the city.

The first water supply scheme was prepared during

1961 for a prospective population of 60000 with

river Mahanadi as the source. There after, a

number of water supply improvement/

augmentation schemes for the town have been

implemented to meet the growing need of the town due to increase in population and also

due to inclusion of more and more adjoining rural areas.

5.1.1 Water Supply Sources The water supply of Sambalpur town is primarily depending upon the surface water and

limited amount of water is drawn from the ground water sources. As shown in the table

below there are two major surface water sources i.e. Hirakund Dam Reservoir and River

Mahanadi 23 MLD of water is drawn from Hirakund Dam Reservoir and 2.75 MLD is drawn

from the River Mahanadi. There are two Bore wells in the city which supply 0.25 MLD of

water.

Table 5.1 Source of Water supply in Sambalpur

Sources Designed capacity(MLD)

Distance In Km.

1.Hirakund Dam Reservior 23 MLD 11.5 2.Maha nadi River 2.75 MLD With in the city 3. Production of Wells.

i. Remed ii. Gopal Palli

.25 MLD With in the city

Total 26 MLD

There are 3-treatment plant for the city and its urban agglomeration.

1. Treatment Plant –1 at Hirakund Dam Reservoir of 9 MLD capacity

2. Treatment Plant –2 at Madhi Para on river Mahanadi 2.25 MGD

Source:PHEO,Sambalpur



3. Treatment plant –3 at bareipalli Chouk of 40MLD

The water is being purified through Rapid Gravity Filter and Disinfections system using

chlorine gas and bleaching powder.

The water from treatment plant 1 is distributed in Hirakund NCA and the area surrounding

the treatment plant. The water from T.P-2 is pumped to U.G.R of 3 lacks gallon capacity and

from there it is pumped to 2 O.H.T. with a capacity of 1.5 lacks gallon each and from the

O.H.T. the water is distributed to the surrounding areas of the plant. this T.P is the oldest

Plant among the three. Treatment plant-3 transmits 5MLD to Buddha raja hill, 1MLD to

Brocks Hill and 2 MLD to Circuit House. From where the distribution to the city takes place

by the gravity as these points are the highest points in the town.

5.1.2. Deficit in Water Supply for Different Horizon The table below clearly shows that inspite of increase in population by two folds by year

2024 there will be surplus amount of water available for the city. As there are Treatment

plant of total capacity of around 52 ML it is said that there will be adequate water available

for the growing Sambalpur city.

Table 5.2 Availability of Water supply in Sambalpur

Year Projected Population (in Lakhs)

Water Demand (in MLD)

Water Availability (in MLD)

2006 169848 22.92 24 2011 208560 28.16 63 2016 242580 32.75 63 2024 308926 41.70 63

5.1.2. Service Reservoir/Storage and Distribution System There are 6 GSR and 2 ESR with total capacity of 6.77ML and 1.14ML respectively. The

distribution of the water is done by direct pumping and through gravity from three points

Buddha raja hill, Brooks hill, and Over Head Tanks at Madhi Para. The present distribution

system having pipeline of 111.96 Km

5.1.3. System Coverage At present only 7 out of 29 wards are fully covered with piped supply, 20 wards are partially

covered and 2 wards have no piped water supply. About 80 % of the city is covered with a

per capita supply of 135 LPCD. The supply is intermittent with 3 to 4 hours a day. The




average water produced is 24 MLD. There are 824 PSPs and about 80% of the population is

covered by these stand posts. The city has only 5% of metered connections.

The table below shows that 85% of the total connections are domestic and about 10% are

stand posts which is very high. For efficient water supply, to maintain equitable pressure in

the mains and to reduce NRW there should be minimum stand posts.

Table 5.3 Connection percent in different categories

Category Connections % to Total Domestic 6914 85.80 Commercial 146 1.81 Institutional 145 1.79 Industrial 10 0.12 Parks etc 19 0.23 No. of Stand Posts 824 10.22 Total 8058 100

5.1.4Tariff Structure Water Supply The tariff structure for the domestic connections is on a flat rate basis of Rs 48 for 2 taps and

Rs16.50 for additional taps. The tariff structure for apartments is Rs. 2.67 and commercial as

well as industrial connection is 8.47 Rs/KL respectively. The table below presents the

details.

Table 5.4 Tariff Structure Water Supply

Category Flat Rate (per month) Tariff (in Rs/KL) Domestic 48 (2taps) each addl.

Tap : Rs 16.50

Apartments 2.67 Commercial 8.40 Industrial 8.40

As explained in the table below the connection cost for domestic connection is Rs 3000 and

for commercial and Industrial it is Rs 6000 per connection where as in case of apartments,

the connections for individual units in apartments up to 25 units, 50 units and above 50 units

the cost is Rs 1000, Rs 2000 and Rs 3000 respectively.

Table 5.5 Connection Costs for Water Supply





Catogary Cost per connection Domestic 3000 Commercial 6000 Industrial 6000 Others (Apartments) up to 25 -26 to 50- 51 and above 1000,2000,3000(per individual

unit)

Quality of Water The quality of water is good at present with the water is being purified through rapid gravity

filter and disinfections system using chlorine gas and bleaching powder.

5.1.5 Performance Indicators Table 5.6 Performance indicators for Water Supply


Source: PHEO,Sambalpur



Non-Revenue Water The non-revenue water is estimated to be more than 45% of the total quantum of water

supplied everyday. This is due to the fact that most of the connections are un-metered and

there are leakages in the system especially at the household levels and there are no bulk

flow meters to keep track of the system losses. Besides these there are also water losses

due to lack of proper management of stand posts.

5.1.6 Finances and Cost Recovery As shown in the table below the present O& M cost of recovery is only 33 %. In 2005 the

state government has revised the water tariff for commercial, institutional and industrial

consumers with a view to reduce the gap between expenditure and revenue receipt.

Table 5.7 Annual O&M costs and revenue collection for Water Supply

Indicators Municipality Bench Total Population 154164Total Number of Households 22000 HSCs (House Service Connections) 6914 100% Network Coverage (%) 80% 100% Access to Piped Supply (%) 80% 100% Per Capita Supply (lpcd) 135 150 Hours of Supply (hrs/day) 3 hrs 24x7 Unserved area 20% 0 Non-revenue Water (%) 45% 0% Avg. vol. of water produced 24MLD % Metered connections 5% 100% No. Of PSPs 824 0 Hand Pumps 494 0 Tankers 5 Pop. Covered by PSP (%) 80% 0% O&M Recovery 33%

Residential Flat Rate/ Meter Both Commercial Flat Rate/ Meter Meter

Basis of Billing: Industrial Flat Rate/ Meter Meter

Manual yes No e- seva no Yes

Mode of Payment

Spot Billing no Yes Private Sector Involvement: Yes / No No Yes Computerization of billing: Yes/ No No Yes Management Information System (Yes/No) No Yes



S No.

Year Annual O&M costs (Rs. lakh)

Revenue collected (Rs. lakh)

1 2001/02 72.68 28.95 2 2002/03 115.34 37.24 3 2003/04 149.35 65.70 4 2004/05 141.90 48.48 5 2005/06 164.95 61.99

Key Issues

• There is intermittent supply of water just for 3 –5 hours, which encourages the

storage of water. Throwing of excess water to store fresh water on the next day

leading to wastage.

• There is no 100% coverage of piped water supply in the city and some of the wards

do not have even partial coverage.

• The Storage capacity of the water is not adequate in the city due to which direct

pumping is done leading to increased power consumption.

• There are large no of public stand posts, which is a barrier in continuous water

supply and encourage the NRW.

• Significant volume of NRW is identified as a serious threat to the sustainable water

supply system. It is observed that the NRW in the system is due to the following

factors -

o Illegal connections

o System leakage from faulty interconnections, pipe joints, damaged pipelines

and appurtenances

o Low collection efficiency in the case of monthly charges.

• Illegal tapping in distribution mains resulting in low residual pressure at tail-end

areas.

• Extension of existing pipelines to serve higher number of connections with out

adequate hydraulic assessment.

• The tariff is very low which is not able to meet the O&M cost.

• There is no comprehensive master plan of water supply distribution system at

present.

• There is no asset management and data management system.

• There is no use of latest technology like MIS or GIS.

Source: PHEO,Sambalpur



5.2 Sewerage System For 17 MLD of sewage generated in town there is no

sewerage and treatment system. There is no water

carriage sewer system for the collection and disposal of

domestic sewerage except in few institutional campuses.

30% of the people depend on the leaching pit system of

latrines, 28%of the people have adopted septic tank and

majority of households have connected directly to public

sullage drains. A few slum households have access to

public toilets and the remaining practice open defecation.

Non-existent of full-fledged treatment and disposal system

for the town is posing a great threat to the public health. At

present the supply of water to the city is around 32.87

million litres per day. As per estimates about 80% of this

water finds its way into the storm water drains every day.

This waste water is left into the natural valleys, which

ultimately flow into the Mahanadi river, thereby polluting

the river and valleys heavily. Thus it is a potential

environmental hazard.

5.2.1. Tariff Structure sewerage Only 5% of the total population of the town is covered by sewerage system the current tariff

of collection of sewerage for domestic, Institutional, commercial and industrial is Rs 20 per

month per connection .The connection charge for the sewerage for domestic, institutional,

Commercial and industrial is Rs 1500, Rs 2000, Rs 2500 and Rs 2500 respectively.

5.2.2 Sewerage Performance Indicators As shown by the table below the sewerage system is lagging behind in most of the aspect,

which need immediate attention to over come the existing Situation.

Table 5.8 Sewerage Performance indicators



S.No. Indicator Municipality Benchmark1 Total Population 154164 2 No. Of Houses connected 5% 100%

3 Total quantity generated 17 Mld

4 Network Coverage (%) 5% 100% 5 Access to UGD Nil 100% 6 % waste treated Nil 100% 7 Treatment and disposal % Nil 100% 8 Recycle and reuse % Nil 100%

. Key Issues

• There is no proper sewerage system in the town and there is no master plan for

sewerage and sanitation in the city.

• There is no sewerage treatment plant. There is no comprehensive master plan of

sewerage system

• There is wide spread practice of open defecation creating unhygienic conditions and

health problems.

• The sewage is drained out in the open drains ultimately which goes in the natural

drain, open spaces and water bodies leading to contamination.

• There are no awareness campaigns run by the municipality for the slum dwellers.

Population residing in slums are facing unbearable unhygienic conditions.

5.3. Sanitation The sanitation situation is below average in the city. About 58% of the city population has

individual toilets. The extent of open defecation is up to 36%, which causes unhygienic

conditions in the city. There are only 11 public toilets in the city and the situation in the slums

is worst as there are no proper drains, limited individuals toilets only 12 community toilets.

The table below shows the access to sanitation facilities

Table 5.9 Showing the Access to Sanitation Facilities

S.No. Indicator Municipal Corporation 1 Total Population/HHs 154164 2 Access to individual toilets % 58%

Source: OWS&SB



3 No. Of Community Toilets (in Slums)-municipal 12 4 Access to community toilets for poor % 6% 5 No. Of Public Toilets-others 11 6 Extent of Open Defecation 36%

Key Issues

• Nothing has been thought for the sanitation of the city which is in a very poor

condition.

• There are only 12 public toilets in the city due to which most of the population

practices open defecation resulting in unhygienic conditions.

• There is no 100% coverage of drains in the city and most of them are kucha and

open, which leads to over flow of the drains resulting in unhygienic conditions.

• Having the individual toilets and soak pit is a common practice in the city not all

households have such facilities and others practice the open defecation which leads

ground water pollution and environmental degradation.

5.4 Storm Water Drainage system The Sambalpur Town is partially covered by the storm water drainage and if there are any

drains they are choked with solid waste and debris which is evident in the photographs

below .The town has one natural drain which is the major Drain for the storm water to let out

of the city. The city has three hill hocks so water rush down from these hills and because

there is less impervious area due to urbanisation water finds its way to the only natural drain

“Dhobi jore nallah”. Due to encroachment and deposition of solid waste the Nallah is

Choked causing flood in the city.

Key Issues

• Comprehensive storm water system is not present in the city. Natural storm water

drains are presently acting as the conveyance channels for the untreated sewage.



• The condition of the drains presently is not up to the mark. Majority of the drains are

chocked due to the dumping of the solid waste

• Due to improper drainage system and impermissible surface the storm water finds its

way to Dhobi jore nallah, which is the major natural drain.

• The Dhobi jore nallah is choked due to encroachment of slum dwellers and growing

weeds and plants so the city is prone to flooding and water logging.

• At the time of monsoon the nallah encounters high discharge rate, which cause

safety hazard to the citizens because it is not fenced properly.

• Desiltation of dhobi jore nallah is not done frequently

• There is a need of integrated master plan for the storm water drainage. • It is also important to conduct awareness programs at the city level to cover all

classes of the residents to highlight the function of storm water drains, prevention of

encroachment of the storm water drain areas, prevention of dumping of solid waste

and discharge of sewage/sullage from households and other related issues.

5.5. Solid Waste Management (SWM) The Health Department of Municipality is

responsible for collection and transportation of

solid waste generated in Sambalpur municipal

area. For operational purposes the entire area

is divided in to 29 solid waste wards. A Sanitary

inspector heads the wards. The primary

collection in the Sambalpur municipal is carried

out through open collection points, secondary collection & transportation through tractors &

trucks. The total waste generated in Sambalpur municipal area as per the local authorities

assessment is around 60 tons/day. The collection efficiencies in the Sambalpur municipal

area is observed to be fluctuating between 50-60 percent. Following table shows the

performance indicators for SWM.

Table 5.10 Performance indicator for SWM



5.5.1. Collection, Storage, Transportation and Disposal 5.5.1.1 Waste Generation in the City The primary sources of solid waste generation in the

municipality are the local households, markets and

commercial establishments such as hotels, restaurants,

shops etc. Street Sweeping is addresses a total road

length of 560.07 km. The major contributors of solid

waste after households and street sweeping are

commercial establishments. The contribution from informal sector is also significant in this

category. According to local authorities the commercial establishments compromise of

wholesale and retail shops, general shops, pan shops, food products, bakeries, dairies,

medical shops, saloons, and tea stalls, etc

Hotels, messes, theatres and marriage halls are considered as bulk waste generators under

commercial establishments category due to their solid waste generation rates and

characteristics.

Table 5.11 Showing Total Waste Generated in Sambalpur Municipal Area

S.No. Indicator City

1 Total waste generated (tons/day) 60 2 Per capita waste generated (kg/day) .390 3 Collection of waste (tons/day) 35 4 No. of dustbins (--- cum capacity) 180 5 Average spacing of dustbins 1.5 1.5 6 No. of vehicles 244 7 Frequency of collection (trips/day) 2-3 2-3 8 No. Of landfill sites nil 9 Distance of disposal point (km) 10km

10 No. Of sweepers (Municipal /private) 521 11 Collection efficiency % 50-60 100% 12 Door to door collection % 60 100% 13 Source segregation % nil 100% 14 Treatment and disposal % nil 100% 15 O & M Recovery Negligible 100% 16 Private sector participation nil Fully




Composition of MSW

Organic Matter49%

Rags and Cloths1%

Metal0% Glass & Ceramics

2%

Paper9%

Inert Material9%

cunstruction Waste24%

Plastic6%

cunstruction WasteInert MaterialRags and ClothsGlass & CeramicsMetalPaperPlasticOrganic Matter

Description SM Area Solid Waste Generated, tons/day 60 Solid Waste collected, tons/day 30-35 Collection Efficiency, % 50-60 Percapita Generation, gm/day 0.39

5.5.1.2 Composition of Municipal solid Waste Waste contributed by the markets is organic in nature and is one of the major sources of

solid waste generated. The composition is MSW is shown in the figure below. Organic waste

constitutes 49% of the total waste generated in the city.

Figure 5.1 Showing Total Waste Generated in Municipal Area

5.5.1.3 Solid Waste Collection

The whole city is divided in to 29 sanitary wards for

the purpose of Solid waste Management,. Sanitary

Inspector heads the ward .The conservancy staff

strength is 521. The collection and transportation of

solid waste is carried out in one shift. The shift

starts at around 6.00 AM early in the morning, the

conservancy workers sweep the street, clean the

drains and collect the waste from small open collection points and transports it by push carts

to nearest dustbin or open collection point. The waste from open collection points is

transported to disposal site by trucks and tractors. The following table shows the primary

mechanism.





Table 5.12 Primary collection implements Available Sambalpur Municipality Component SM

Dust Bins 180 Open Collection Points 87 Pushcarts/wheel Barrows 200 Conservancy Staff 521

The primary Collection and secondary collection systems are not properly structured in the.

In primary collection system waste from households, small open points and street sweeping

is collected by conservancy staff and is placed at dustbins and open collection points, which

is transported to dumping site or to low lying areas.




CHAPTER 6. Basic Services to the Poor 6.1. Slum Over view It is estimated that, about 40-50% of urban population in India lives in slums. Slums are

noticed in almost all cities of India and the World. Sambalpur City is not an exception. Nearly

48% of the total population of the town lives in the notified and no notified slums. The slums

in the city are scattered all around the city and increasing over time. The slums are facing

difficulties due to deficiency in various infrastructure facilities like roads, water supply,

drainage, street lighting, solid waste management etc.

The government of India since Dec-05 has launched the UIDSSMT program in which

Sambalpur city is included by government of Orissa and under this program the municipality

has propelled for various infrastructure development works in slums.

A parallel innovative scheme titled as “Integrated Housing and Slum Development Program”

(IHSDP) was also launched by Govt. of India, Ministry of Housing and Poverty Alleviation

during December-05 for provision of housing to the slum households.

6.2 Socio- economic Profile of Slums in Sambalpur The total population in the slums is 73005, which is about 48% of the total population of the

city. There are 16838 households in the slums, which comprise about 54% of the total

household in the city. The literacy rate of the slums is 62%, which is very low as compared to

the city literacy rate of 79% .The literacy rate of male and female is 51% and 40%

respectively which is again very low as compared to city level male literacy rate of 86% and

female literacy rate of 71 percent. Table 6.1 Slum Population in sambalpur Table 6.2 Literacy Rates of City and Slum

Category 2001

City Slum

Average Literacy Rate 79.09 62 Male Literacy Rate 86.16 51 Female Literacy Rate 71.47 40

Item SLUM (2001)

Population 73005 % To the total town population

47.36

Households 16838 % to the total Households

53.49

Source: census of India 2001




6.3 Status of Slums There are 104 slums in the city of which 88 slums are notified and 16 slums are no notified

having population of 42491 and 3051 respectively .The total land area of slums is 1.17

square km., which is about 3% of the total area of the town. The households in the notified

slums are 9725 and in the no notified are 7113. Though the non- notified slums are less in

number, they contribute 41.79%of the total slum population.

Table 6.3 Notified Non-notified slums in sambalpur Municipality

Status Number Total Households Total Population Total Land (in Sq. KM)

Notified 88 9725 42491 1.09 Non-notified 16 7113 30514 .08

Total 104 16838 73005 1.17

6.3.1 Land Status The total slum land is of the magnitude of 158 acres of which 138 acres belong to notified

slums and 20 acres belong to non-notified slums. Nearly 90 percent of the land belongs to

government as given in table below.

Table 6.4 Land status slums in sambalpur Municipality

Status Government (In acre)

Private (In acre)

Endowment (In acre)

Total (In acre)

Notified 125 5 8 138 Non-notified 20 20 Total 145 5 8 158

6.4 Housing Status There are 25% of the houses in the slums are pucca, about 40% of the houses are kutcha

and remaining 30% of houses are semi-pucca. This implies that about 70% of the house are

kucha or semi- pucca and require proper housing.

Table 6.5 Housing status in slums in sambalpur Municipality

Type Notified Non-notified Total

Pucca 5% 20% 25%





Semi-pucca 15% 15% 30% Kutcha 20% 20% 40% Others 0% 5% 5% Total 40 60 100

6.5 Ward-wise Slum Population and location Characteristics Figure 6.1 Slum location map

The table below provides slums details in each ward, names of slums, population of slums

with ward population and the percentage slum population over ward population.

In addition to table the maps and charts are making the understanding of current situation of

city at micro level, which helps us to develop an effective planning strategy and also help to

take required measures.




Table 6.6 Slum household and population

Ward No.

No. on Slums in each Ward

Name of Slums

Population of Slums

Ward Population

% Slum

population (over ward population)

1 3 Betrapara, Vatra-1, Vatra-2 3242 5508 59 2 4 Dhanupali, Turi Para, Govindtola, Charvati 2737 6060 45

3 3 Bhuta Para, Motijharan, Suna Pali 2605 8937 29 4 2 Nagenchoti, Rashtrapati Chowk 1390 5526 25 5 1 Mayabagicha 1214 6218 20 6 4 Pension Para, Kawbadi Para - Dalal Para,

Saliabagicha (Danibandh), Danibandh 4346 4555 95

7 4 Bahal Para, Dhuchur Para, Sidheshwar Bema, Ekodo Para

4127 5261 78

8 0 No Slums 0 6032 0 9 6 Salchi Para, Samali Para, Sarlakani,

Sarlakani - Gandhi Colony, Sarla, Jhankar Para (near City Rly Stn)

4260 4997 85

10 1 Keut Para-1 223 3603 6 11 0 No Slums 0 3209 0 12 1 Dhula Para 234 3589 7 13 1 Pattnaik Para 387 4155 9 14 3 Tanla Para, Mali Bagicha, Kamli Bazar 1865 4284 44 15 3 Theko Para, Sahu Colony, Ambedkar

Nagar 3961 4053 98

16 3 Bohidhar Bandh, LIC, Ghusurijudabandh 1466 6460 23 17 3 Manik Munda, Nandaram Tank,

Samleshwari Colony 2663 6729 40

18 2 Chamar Para, Nandini Colony 2549 4760 54 19 4 Ghunguti Para, Amairi Para, Bangali Para,

Malibari 1774 4930 36

20 8 Majhi Para, Kusta Para, Sunaridhuba Para, Keut Para II, Ginjiga Para, Bhuam Para, Madha Bandh, Bad Bazar

4058 5795 70

21 4 Mandilia (Jhuarpudipada), Chandan Nagar, Talvata Para, Tiwari Gali

2999 4689 64

22 3 Daldali Para, Panika Para, Bangla Para 2086 3785 55 23 4 Nuabandh Para, Mahabir gali, Pardeshi

Para, Mungapada 3629 4093 89

24 11 Rened Village, Kanijuri, Durgapali, Durgapali Telipada, Laxmidunguri, Remed Harijanpada, Nuapada, Kadam Mal, Bagharamal Khejiriapada, Pujaripada, Kushumpada

4721 5095 93

25 6 Dumer Pada, Gopal Pali, Gopal Pali - Tikira Pada, Rani Bagicha (Balral Pali), Makhana Pada, Tetel Pada

2767 4125 67

26 6 Nua Pada II, Rani Bandh, Thakur Pada, Station Pada, Adibasi Kol Pada, Behera Munda

4003 4842 83

27 4 Panchagachia, Gopalmal, Danipali, Mill Pada

2458 6559 37

28 6 Katardhua, Dukhu Pada, Shanti Nagar, Ramgad Teli Pada, Birsa Munda (Aintha Pali), Majha Pada (Aintha Pali)

4196 7377 57

29 4 Goala Pada, Tangar Pali, Khajuria Pada (Aintha Pali), Dehuri Pali

3193 8417 38




Figure 6.2 Names of slums with their location

Figure 6.3 Number of Slums in each Ward



As we have seen there are highest no. of slums in ward-24 counts 11, whereas no slums in

ward-8 & 11, which shows high slums density in certain wards.

In case of Ward- 6,7,15 & 24, the no. of slums are very high approximately equivalent to the

total population of the ward.

Figure 6.4 Ward wise Slum Population



Figure 6.6 Percentage Slum Population Over Ward Population

Figure 6.5 Slum-Ward Population



From above map & graph based on the Percentage of Slum population Over Ward

population shows that in ward-6, 15 & 24 has high population. There is an urgent need to

pay attention to manage the urban services for the development of the area.

6.6 Basic Infrastructure in Slums The basic infrastructure in slums is very poor as shown in the table below. The percentage

of water supply coverage is only 20%, which is very low. The total number of HSCs are only

3500 for 16838 households, which is very low. 20% of household are covered by the HSCs

and the remaining household are covered by the PSPs, which are only 824 .due to which

most of the people do not have enough water for their daily basic requirement. There are

about 35 katcha roads in the slums, which means there is no drainage on these roads

resulting in the poor sanitation and unhygienic atmosphere.

Table 6.7 Service delivery status in slums in sambalpur Municipality

Services Unit 1991 2001 2007 (Estimated)

Total Slum households Number 83 14621

88 15350

104 16838

Water Supply Coverage Percentage 20.58 21.2 20.78 HSCs Number 3010 3250 3500 PSPs Number 325 405 515

Kms 225 245 275 Kms 26 31 35

Roads Kutcha Pucca Kms 175 195 215

Individual toilets Number 1835 1880 2090 Street lights Number 134 149 160 Source: Sambalpur Municipality

Figure 6.7 Percent of Slum population over Ward population



Table 6.8 Toilets and Drains status in slums in sambalpur Municipality Toilets Drains

Individual Community Pucca Kutcha

2090 12 120Km 35Km

There are only 12% of household having individual toilets and for the rest there are only 12

community toilets. Only about 50% of pucca roads have drains, which is very less.

6.7 Solid Waste Management in slums

The condition of the solid waste management is pathetic in the slums. There is no door-to-

door collection, almost 55% of the garbage is thrown on the road sides and in open spaces

and about 10% of the garbage is thrown in the drains which causes choking and flooding in

the streets. Table 6.9 Garbage Collection status in slums in sambalpur Municipality

Category % Area Covered % Population Covered

Door-Door Collection 0% 0%

Dustbin 30 35

Roadsides 25 25

Open Places 35 30

Drains 10 10

Total 100 100

6.8 Social Infrastructure in Slums

There are only 20 schools in 104 slums and no private schools. There are 131 Anganwadi

centers in the slums and only 1 dispensary. The slums have 65 community halls. The social

infrastructure is also not up to the standards.

Table 6.10 Social infrastructure in slums in sambalpur Municipality

Services Slum

Number of Schools 20 Government School 20 Private Schools 0 Anganwadi 131

Source: sambalpur Municipality




Libraries 1 Urban Health Centres/ Dispensaries 1 Community Halls 65

6.9 Poverty Alleviation Programs There are number of Poverty alleviation Programs running in the town which are explained

below

Table 6.11 Schemes for poverty elevation in sambalpur Municipality

Sl.No Scheme Scheme 1. S. J.S R Y

(a) Urban slum Employment program (USEP) (b) Development of women and children in urban area (DWCUA) (c) Thrift and credit society (T&C) (d) Urban Wage employment Program (UWEP) (e) Community Structure (f)Infrastructure support.

Swarna Jayanthi Sahari Rojagar Yojana1997-till date

2. N S D P National Slum development Programme 3. V A M B A Y New Scheme has been ceased 4. SC/ST Group Financing 5. N O A P National Old age pension 6. M R H S Orissa old age pension 7. N F B G Mental retarded helping Scheme 8. D P S Disability pension scheme

Social Welfare (Old Age Pension) The functions of the section are:

(I)To provide pension to the citizens above the age of 60 who are incapable to work and

neither supported by any member of the family.

The maximum limit of people to whom pension is to be disbursed is fixed on the basis of

guideline of SOAP (State Old Age Pension), NOAP (National Old Age Pension) and ODP

(Orissa Disability Pension) Scheme. Pension is disbursed Ward wise. Tax Collectors are

responsible for the disbursement of pension in respective Wards. They collect the money





from the Social Welfare section and disburse it to the beneficiaries at the Ward centers

before the 15th of every month. The disbursement is done monthly basis to the beneficiary.

When a beneficiary dies the name of the beneficiary is deleted from the list of the pensioners

and reported to the Sub-collector’s office for selection of a new beneficiary. The selection of

the new beneficiary is made from the waiting list of beneficiaries. Currently a monthly

pension of Rs.200 is disbursed to each beneficiary.

This section is functioning outside the purview of Sambalpur Municipality. No money of

Sambalpur Municipality is used towards the payment of these pensions. The entire money is

in the form of grant from State and Central government for the SOAP and NOAP and ODP

respectively. Money is received by the Social Welfare section from District Social Welfare

Officer (DSWO), Sambalpur.

As per the Govt .instruction the ODP, NOAP and SOAP is being paid to the pensioner on

15th of each month. The number of pensioners on roll and the amount paid during the

current financial year till October 2007 is given below.

Table 6.12 Details of pensions given in sambalpur Municipality

Name of Pensioner No. of Pensioners

Amount received during this year

Amount paid

National Old Age pension

1492 20,88,800/- 17,55,000

State Old Age Pension 1683 36,67,200 22,93,600 Orthopadically disability pension

477 12,00,000 4,09,200

Total 3652 69,56,000 44,57,800

Integrated Housing and Urban Development Program (IHSDP): After the closed of NSDP project, IHSDP project is introduced but till now no work has yet

been stated. In this project Central Govt. will contribute 80% and the State Govt. /

Municipality / Beneficiaries will contribute balance 20%.

Valmiki Ambedkar Awas Yojana (VAMBAY): This programme was introduced to provide house to persons under BPL line.

Swarna Jayanti Sahari Rojgar Yojana (SJSRY): Under this program training is given to persons under BPL line, unemployed persons, ladies

to make them employable and to earn money / lively hood.




National Family Benefit Schemes (NFBS): Under this scheme Govt. gives monetary helps to the family members of a person who is

below the poverty line and who is the only employed person of his family. This grant is given

in case of death of the above person.

Social inputs under Sambalpur municipality. Table 6.13 Details of Social inputs under sambalpur Municipality Sl.No Scheme Target Achievement

1. N O A P 1440 1440 2. N O A P 1528 1528 3. O D P 375 375 4. Mental retarded helping Scheme 25 25 5. National Family Benefit Scheme 275 275

6.10 Funding Pattern under SJSRY (Rs. In lakhs)

The SJSRY scheme is has 75%of the central aid and 25% of the state aid and the receipt

and expenditure of the past years is given below. Table 6.14 Funding pattern under SJSRY

Year Receipts Expenditure

1997-98 1402000 1403000 1998-99 570000 570000

1999-2000 900000 900000 2000-01 650000 650000 2001-02 564615 564615 2002-03 1021580 1021580 2003-04 200000 200000 Total 5308195 5308195

6.11 Funding Pattern under NSDP (Rs. In lakhs)

The funding pattern of the NSDP has 30% central grant and 70% loan the receipts and

expenditure of the scheme for past years is given below





Table 6.15 Funding pattern under NSDP

Year Receipts Expenditure

1999-2000 4600000 4600000 2000-01 2000000 2000000 2001-02 2002-03 500000 500000 2003-04 2004-05 1200000 1200000 2005-06

Total 8300000 8300000

6.12 Livelihood Programs

There are 50 no. of SHG and 12 no of DWCUA having 500 and 120 members respectively.

The SHG has 30 groups linked with bank and DWCUA has 7 groups linked with bank. Table 6.16 Livelihood programs

Groups Number

Number of Members

HHs Covered

No. of Groups with Bank linkages

SHG 50 500 500 30 DWCUA 12 120 120 07 Other

6.13 Community Structures

There are 500 numbers of NHC groups and 20 numbers of NHC and these groups are active

in the city.

Table 6.17 Community Structure

Structures Number Number of Members Whether Active? (Yes/No)

NHG 500 8000 Yes NHC 20 8000 Yes






Key issues

The most important and of high priority is the lack of basic services to the poor in terms of

water supply, sanitation, streetlights, roads, solid waste management and transportation

connectivity. Some of the issues are elaborated as following: • There is very less coverage of piped water supply in the slums and the number of

public stand posts is not adequate.

• Slum dwellers spend lot of time to fetch water from the stand posts, which are

generally located far away from the slums. The condition of the surroundings where

stand post are place is dilapidated and no measures are taken to upgrade them.

• Most of the slum dwellers practice open defecation and most of the sewage /sullage

is drained in the drains available or on the road read.

• The access to the drains is very poor and existing drains are choked with solid waste.

• There is no door-to-door collection of solid waste and source segregation more over

there are no dustbins in the slums though 50% of the population resides in the slums.

• Slums faces the problem of water logging due the over flow of drains because of high

level of deposition of garbage and the waste water drained out from the residences to

the road

• Population density in the slums is very high increasing the vulnerability of unhygienic

condition due to lack of basic services. There is an immediate need for consideration

of the slum improvement programs.

• Most of the slum dwellers are not benefited by the schemes to up grade poor.

• Though there is a proposal under UIDSSMT and IHSDP for poor but it is notcovering

all the households.

• There are no proper health facilities in the slums provided by the municipality.



CHAPTER 7. Disaster Management

7.1. Introduction

There has been an increase in the incidence of natural disasters worldwide with increasing

loss of life and damage to property. The risk of disasters can also be expected to rise in the

future, particularly for developing countries populations. There are two reasons for this trend:

• An increase in extreme natural events, primarily due to climatic change

• Increased vulnerability of populations to these natural events

Natural disasters are closely bound up with the development status of a region: they disrupt

or impair development and, at the same time, a low level of development increases the

chances of them occurring. Supported in part by bilateral and multilateral donors, many

countries are stepping up their efforts to prevent disaster. The idea is that effective

precautions will avert future disasters or at least mitigate them. This in turn will help stabilize

development in partner countries. Containing the hazards and reducing vulnerability can

lower disaster risk.

Significance of this chapter is to elevate the importance of disaster mitigation plan at city

level and its function in city development plan.

7.2. Disaster in Orissa

Orissa is vulnerable to multiple disasters. Due to its sub-tropical littoral location, the state is

prone to tropical cyclones, storm surges and tsunamis. Its densely populated coastal plains

are the alluvial deposits of its river systems. The rivers in these areas with heavy load of silt

have very little carrying capacity, resulting in frequent floods, only to be compounded by

breached embankments. Though a large part of the state comes under Earthquake Risk

Zone-II (Low Damage Risk Zone), the Brahmani Mahanadi graben and their deltaic areas

come under Earthquake Risk Zone-III (Moderate Damage Risk Zone) covering 43 out of the

103 urban local bodies of the state.



7.3. Patterns of Disasters

7.3.1. Floods

The 482 km long of coastline of Orissa exposes the state to floods, cyclones and storm

surges. Heavy rainfall during monsoon causes floods in the rivers. Flow of water from

neighbouring States of Jharkhand and Chattisgarh also contributes to flooding. The flat

coastal belts with poor drainage, high degree of siltation of the rivers, soil erosion, breaching

of the embankments and spilling of floodwaters over them, cause severe floods in the river

basin and delta areas. In Orissa, rivers such as the Mahanadi, Subarnarekha, Brahmani,

Baitarani, Rushikulya, Vansadhara and their many tributaries and branches flowing through

the State expose vast areas to floods.

In Orissa, damages are caused due to floods mainly in the Mahanadi, the Brahmani, and the

Baitarani. These rivers have a common delta where flood waters intermingle, and when in

spate simultaneously, wreak considerable havoc. This problem becomes even more acute

when floods coincide with high tide. The water level rises due to deposits of silt on the river-

bed. Rivers often overflow their banks or water rushes through new channels causing heavy

damages. Floods and drainage congestion also affect the lower reaches along the

Subarnarekha. The rivers Rusikulya, Vansadhara and Budhabalanga

also cause occasional floods.

The entire coastal belt is prone to storm surges. The storms that produce tidal surges are

usually accompanied by heavy rain fall making the coastal belt vulnerable to both floods and

storm surges. People die; livestock perish; houses are washed away; paddy and other crops

are lost and roads and bridges are damaged. The floods of 1980, 1982, 2001 and 2003 in

the State were particularly severe; property worth crores of rupees was destroyed in the

floods.

7.3.2. Cyclone

Cuttack district is in very high damage risk zone, Berhampur and Sambalpur districts are in

moderate damage risk zones from wind and cyclones. But the cyclone of 1999 affected

Berhampur the most out of the three.



Figure 7.1 Wind and Cyclone Zones in Orissa

The super cyclonic storm has

weakened into a well marked low

pressure over south-coastal Orissa,

north-coastal Andhra Pradesh and

adjoining sea areas of west-central and

north-west Bay. The two cyclones that

hit India’s state of Orissa in October

killed well over 10,000 people and

made 8 million homeless. The second

cyclone devastated the state’s

administrative capital, Bhubaneswar, the commercial capital, Cuttack, and the port town of

Paradip before moving on to smaller towns and villages.

Figure 7.2 Map showing the disaster affected areas in Orissa



In response to a super cyclone that struck Orissa in1999, UNDP and other UN organisations

provided a coordination support mechanism during the crisis and facilitated interventions in

the following sectors: shelter, agriculture, health, education, women and children, and water

and sanitation. In the rehabilitation phase, UNDP supported the state government in specific

rehabilitation efforts promoting community participation in shelter and livelihood sectors with

the objective of reducing vulnerability. Subsequently, community preparedness plans were

formulated. These plans were used by the communities and the government to take

precautionary action during the cyclone threat of 2000. The generation of awareness in the

state also helped the communities to be better prepared during the 2001 floods.

7.4. City’s Experience 7.4.1. Cyclone

Since last 25 years (1982) as per data available from Dist. Emergency section, Sambalpur,

there has not been occurrence of cyclone in this town. There are possibilities of strong winds

with the speed of 53 km/ph before on set of monsoon in the cyclone prone areas in city. As

per the Disaster Calendar, the months of May to November are for preparedness against

cyclone. The main reason behind the loss to the properties is the loss due to week

construction (especially weak & connected roofs or ceilings.) This damage to the residential

dwelling units results into loss of human lives also.

7.4.2. Flood The areas of the Sambalpur town on Mahanadi river sides/low-lying areas are flood prone.

All 29wards were affected due to floods in 2006. Human lives & cattles have also been

greatly damaged due to flood in the past. One person has drowned/died due to flood in

2006,5 cattle had also been lost, 50 cottages are destroyed & 98 cottages were partially

damaged. The crops & industries also experienced the great loss due to flood in that

particular area.

The major crops of Sambalpur town are rice & vegetables (Bajra, Cotton, Jowar,

Ground nut, vegetables). The pre monsoon period (i.e. from June to September) is for

disaster preparedness against floods and heavy rains. The houses, having weak foundations

in usage areas more vulnerable floodwater. There can be a great damage to the land due to

floods.



7.4.3. Earthquake

Sambalpur town is situated on the two-fault line crossing, which passes through

Chotanagpur to Chattisgarh ways. All 29wards of this city/town fall under Zone-3 seismic

number, which shows the possibility of an earthquake. Due to rocky land in Sambalpur town

most of the building and their foundations have not been constructed as per the rules. The

qualities of material used in the construction are also not good due to financial constrains or

customary concepts. Such buildings cannot face the earthquake tremors.

7.4.4. Accidents

The state highway & national highway no. 6 & 42 Passes through Sambalpur town. The

town along the state highway & city/town along the national highway are highly accident-

prone.

7.4.5. Fire

Sambalpur town has a larger production of cotton/groundnut wood hence there are a

number of 5 saw mills where the Wood is processed. Due to high amount of storage, there

are possibilities of fire also. The storage tanks for petroleum are there in the areas in the

town. These can be cause of fire.

7.4.6. Industrial / Chemical Disasters

There are collection centers of petroleum kind of risky oil depot along the National highways

passing through this town, besides, there are Kerosene Oil storages etc in this town due to

which there are chances of fire & Accidents.No areas experienced a great loss due to fire.

7.5. Seasonality of Disaster Table 7.1 Seasonality of disaster

Disaster

Month

Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec

Flood √ √ √ √

Cyclone - - - - - √ - - - - √ -

Earthquake - - - - - - - - - - - -



7.5.1. Disaster Vulnerability and Impacts Table 7.2 Disaster vulnerability

Type of Disaster Potential impact Areas to be affected

Cyclone -- --

Earthquake -- --

Flood 2006 All 29 wards All 29 wards

Sunstroke 12 people died in the year 2002-03

Sambalpur Town

Chemical (Industrial) One person died in the year 2005 and 204 were affected

2 nos of wards were affected.

7.5.2. Review of Risk Potentialities Table 7.3 Risk potential

Type of Disaster

Major Impacts Damage Prone Areas-wards.

No. of vulnerable families living in.

Cyclone Limited loss of lives, property

Negligible Negligible

Earthquake -- All wards All families particularly in those living in poor structures

Flood Water logging All 29 wards 1400

Sunstroke Sine severe heat wave

All 29 wards Exposed to sun and heat foot path dwellers

Road Accident Due to heavy traffic Govindtola, Dhanupali, Sarla,Dhankauda, Ainthapali, Barpali, Remed ( 5 nos. of ward)

2000 Families

Chemical (Industrial)

Due to Brust of oil depot & railway water treatment plant.

Khetrajpur, Thakurpada, Dasmati Colony, Modipara (5 nos of wards)

6000 famillies

Source : Sambalpur disaster managment plan




7.6. Strategies Disaster Management will have an integrated approach covering the 3 phases of disaster:

• The pre-disaster phase

• The response phase and

• The recovery and rehabilitation phase.

Disaster Management can be made effective in any city/town in phases, in short interim

periods or even on regular basis, through the following measures: -

Keep the disaster management plans updated and upgraded, especially the research,

communication and information.

Mock drill should be arranged twice a year.

Refresher training should be imparted to the key stakeholders associated with the Disaster

Management.

An atmosphere should be created where all the officers/employees of departments/officers

connected with disaster management including liaison officers of the city/town may take

initiative to render their services spontaneously during calamities.

Task forces should be trained for the tasks to be undertaken during calamities.

The control-room of the city/town may be kept functioning for 24 hours.Missing facilities –

amenities may be set up for disaster management by upgrading the city/town control room

and updated information.

Systematic planning should be made by the department to pay serious attention to the

warning given in advance by the district control room as well as by the irrigation department.

Care should be taken to provide such information/warning to every citizen even in the

remote areas.

Steps should be taken to make available the search & rescue equipments by keeping a live

communication with district network. With regard to activities such as evacuation/shifting etc;

co-ordination may be made with the govt. network, fire-brigade industrial houses, voluntary

organization etc. to reduce the damage/loss.



Result-oriented actions may be implemented for timely distribution of relief-materials to the

affected people after making co-ordination with the local bodies, donors, industrials houses,

NGOs and district level network as well.

A systematic work should be undertaken to restore the normalcy in day to day life by timely

repairing of damaged roads, bridges etc.

7.7. Policies In the context of proclamation of International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction

(IDNDR), National initiatives and State’s own experience, the State Govt. felt it necessary to

have a specific policy for disaster management and to provide necessary guidelines on all

aspects of emergency management, and accordingly formulated the Disaster management

policy.The key feature of the policy are presented below.

Table 7.4 Features Of The Disaster Management Policy

Take a proactive approach to disaster management and promote a culture of prevention

and preparedness among individuals and institutions.

Follow a multi-hazard approach to disaster management

Shift from a relief and welfare approach to a rights and entitlement-based approach to

humanitarian assistance.

Since sustainable development will not be possible without the active involvement of the

communities, make the vulnerability reduction programmes community driven.

Integrate Disaster Management into Development Policy and Planning.

Institutionalise efficient, well-coordinated and participatory disaster management initiatives

as one of the basic ingredients of good governance.

Ensure quality at all stages of emergency management including prevention, mitigation,

relief and reconstruction and make their adoption mandatory. For doing so, universally

accepted minimum standards should be adopted. If necessary, the standards should be

modified taking into account local conditions and customs.

Attempt harmonious blending of all disaster management interventions with local cultural

ethos.

Focus on protection of the environment.

Promote inter-agency coordination and cooperation for Disaster Management.

Involve all stakeholders in disaster management and define their roles in different stages

of disasters.



Create an enabling environment for ensuring higher participation of all stakeholders

Work on legislation(s) to provide statutory backing to essential disaster management

functions and agencies.

Establish a trigger mechanism for emergency operations.

View people as valuable partners and strengthen community-based coping mechanisms

for dealing with disasters.

Promote a spirit of volunteerism, develop a cadre of well-trained volunteers whose

services will be utilised during emergencies.

Document and use people’s indigenous knowledge, whenever possible.

Share information and knowledge about disasters and their management with all

stakeholders.

Develop a network amongst various disaster management entities using OSDMA as the

main hub.

Establish an Institute dedicated to conducting research, development and training on

disaster management related activities.

Make Disaster Management a part of the educational system and curricula.

Decentralise management of disasters to the Block, Gram Panchayat / Municipality levels

and strengthen their institutional and functional capacities to be effective as the first

responders to disaster events.

Ensure that humanitarian assistance is provided in an equitable, consistent and

predictable manner.

Emphasize participation of women in all stages of disaster management and recognise

their special problems in disaster situation.

Recognise the higher vulnerability of children, elders, physically and mentally challenged,

during and after emergencies and design interventions accordingly.

7.8. List of Stakeholders Coordinated efforts of some or all the following stakeholders would be required for effective

disaster management:

• The community affected/ vulnerable to disasters

• Volunteer based organisations such as NSS, NCC, Indian Red Cross, Civil Defence,

Scouts and Guides, Nehru Yuva Kendra, etc.

• Civil Society Organizations including Community-based Organizations

• Panchayati Raj Institutions and Urban Local Bodies

• Police, Home Guards, paramilitary forces




• District Administration

• Orissa Disaster Rapid Action Force (ODRAF)

• Special Relief Organisation

• Orissa State Disaster Mitigation Authority (OSDMA)

• State Govt. Departments

• Govt. of India organisations, agencies in the State

• Public Sector Organisations

• Private Sector Organisations

• United Nations Agencies

• Bilateral and multi-lateral agencies

7.9. Institutional Framework Revenue Department of the State is the administrative department for disaster management

under the general guidance and supervision of the Government. The Orissa State Disaster

management Agency is designate to play the role of co-ordinator agency in the pre-disaster

and post-disaster phases, while Special Relief Organisation will play the lead role during the

response phase. OSDMA would assist the Special Relief Organization during the response

phase and also point out to SRC and the Collectors gaps in relief administration if any. The

other stakeholders would play their assigned roles during any or all the three phases. The

State Government could also designate specific departments to be the nodal departments in

respect of specific disasters (for example : if there is an outbreak of an epidemic, the Health

Department will be the nodal department.) The District Collector would be the nodal agency

(officer) for prevention, response and recovery in the event of all types of disasters in the

district.

7.10. Vulnerable Factors of damage and the risks

The extent of impact of disasters is not uniform on all socio-economic groups. It is mostly the

poor and disadvantaged who do not have any coping mechanisms who are the worst hit.

Even among the poor households with assets and savings are likely to be less vulnerable

than those who do not have the same. The community networks and support systems also

play a crucial role. Poor communities with better community bonding and support system are

likely to be less vulnerable. Hence there is a need to identify vulnerable groups through

systematic survey and mapping and develop appropriate response strategies.



7.11. Scheme for Response Acquiring information about materials and resources, their classification and analysis during

the disaster and before the disaster helps in facing such severe calamities. Need for various

resources are felt immediately after the disaster. Ample care should be taken about pre-

cautionary measures and safety against the earthquake. Other rules of safety against the

disaster pertaining to retrofitting of houses should also be followed.

Safe places where immediate shelter may be taken during flood, earthquake or cyclone

should necessarily be protected against such calamities. As per the details of the City

Disaster Management Plan, Community hall, Primary school or temple and other public

buildings etc; should be used as safe shelter places during such calamities. Therefore, it is

essential that every city/town should have retrofitting of such safe places and care is taken

ensure that such places are protected from various disasters and are as per construction

regulations.

Rescue Equipments 7.11.1. Evacuation and Temporary Shelter The safe places available at every ward may be used for evacuation and temporary shelter

during the calamities. Warning for each ward and warning communication for city/town level

will help in shifting the affected people to such safe places during the calamities with the help

of workforce (task-force)

The city/town task force can play an important role in shifting the people during calamities, in

taking immediate actions, in spreading true in formation and in preventing the grapevines

and rumours.

The action required to be taken in case of the safe accommodation is equally important. An

open ground is the ideal safe place during earthquake. While in flood, shifting towards

elevated area will be safe.

7.11.2. Search & Rescue The immediate task after a disaster is to search and rescue the victims. Various tools &

equipments are required for this purpose. These materials might not be available at one

place; but having information about their location is very essential. If such information is



available, this material can be shifted immediately to the required place and causalities can

be reduced.

7.11.3. First Aid The most important issue after warning and communication and search & rescue during any

calamity is to provide first aid to the victims. The demand of first aid and health facilities can

be more than their availability, especially Infrastructure facilities such as P.H.centers/

C.T.Centres and shortage of medical staff such as doctors/nurses. Therefore, it is important

to learn about the ratio between requirement and availability. Moreover, the police

department could play an important role in spreading right information, in issuing warnings

and shifting the people immediately.



CHAPTER 8. Gender Mainstreaming 8.1 Introduction

City Development Plan must be gender-sensitive if it is to be equitable, sustainable and

effective. Gender based urban development is about promoting cities that respond equally to

men and women. Gender mainstreaming is an accepted worldwide strategy to promote

gender equality. Mainstreaming is about incorporating gender into all aspects of

development programming – policy, dialogue, legislation, structure and institutions, resource

allocations and use, planning, implementation and monitoring. In the CDP, gender

mainstreaming will be about gender-neutral infrastructural development.

A better understanding of the urban gender concerns, especially related to provision of basic

services and policy reforms, a roadmap and approach to integrated gender issues within the

urban renewal and reform agenda is very much required.

8.2 Why Mainstreaming Gender

Women and men, rich and poor use urban spaces and contribute to city economic

development as producers and providers of goods and services. However each has different

service requirements which needs to be taken into consideration while planning for service

provision. All the infrastructure projects have different impacts on men and women.

Women experience and use the urban environment in different ways from men, they have

different priorities in terms of services and infrastructure, such as transport, housing, water,

sanitation etc. Such priorities rarely feature in urban policy or investments. There has been

insufficient recognition of how women and men use and contribute to the city in different

ways; how this is influenced by their different responsibilities in the home and in society and

how this in turn affects their ability to engage in public life. Too little has been done to plan

and manage cities with focus on women. A fresh perspective is needed, which recognizes

women as integral players in urban governance and which facilitates their participation in

urban partnerships.

Infrastructure planning in India has been traditionally done by and for men. Women have

little control over use of resources. Some infrastructure performs efficiently only when

gender specific interventions are planned, budgeted, implemented and monitored. For

example Community based water supply services that increase time spent by women in



water collection, reduced frequency of buses in non peak hours and increased travel time for

women and road and street lights designed without women’s safety needs are not gender

neutral infrastructure services.

Gender blending at the city level will require a thorough and comprehensive understanding

of gender based inequalities in local context together with their cause and effects and the

designing of strategic interventions, estimation of costs and benefits, development of

monitoring frameworks to ensure accountability, and the creation of capacity and

commitment for urban development.

8.3 Current situation Sambalpur sex ratio is higher than the state urban sex ratio of 895 and national urban sex

ratio of 901. There is a significant difference between women and men in social indicators -

literacy rate and work participation rate.

The female literacy rate is 71%, which is much lower than the male literacy rate with 86%.

The total Workers in 2001 has slightly increased from 30.43 to 31.45% out of which

contribution of women has increased from 9.20% to 12.52%.

The percentage of marginal workers to total workers has increased significantly from

2.56%to 8.07% in which the share of female marginal workers has increased by 4.30%,

which is quite high.

8.4 Strategies for Integrating Gender Concern The CDP has undertaken gender analysis and formulated strategies for integrating gender

concerns as follows:

8.4.1. Water Supply

1. Increase in the water supply coverage and quality so as reduce burden and social

tensions for women in collecting and fetching water, to promote productive use of their time

and prevent loosing their daily income.

2. Water points in suitable locations be convenient for the women.

3. Women and men are consulted in design, operation and maintenance , tariff setting etc



8.4.2. Sanitation There is a need to construct women and girl friendly public and institutional toilets. This will

reduce the girl drop out rate from the schools and also address women’s problem in the

work environment. On the whole it will also help in addressing the health issue faced by

women to a certain extent.

8.4.3. Solid Waste Management 1. Women spend more time in home/ settlement so improper waste management causes

higher risk to them and hence they become more vulnerable. Hence there is a need of

creation of public awareness for 100 percent door-to-door collection.

2. In human resource management it should be ensured that adequate number of women’s

participation is there. Capacity building and training programs should address both women

and men.

8.4.4. Traffic and transportation 1. Proper street lighting- city becomes more safe and specially women.

2. Road signs with graphic so that it is understandable by women with low literacy

3. Developing cheap and efficient public transport system- men are owner of personal

transport and hence women depend more on public transport or walk.

8.4.5. Slum Improvement 1. Active engagement of women and men in community managed facilities

2. Poverty reduction budget to incorporate gender concerns and prioritise women headed

poor households

8.4.6. Local Economic Development

1. Employment in project execution activities and equal wages for equal work for both men

and women.

2. In development of market facility special care to be taken for women vendors and

customer.

3. Encouragement of Ngo or micro credit.



8.4.7. Other Gender Related Strategies 1. Earmark budget for capacity building in gender planning, auditing and budgeting

2. Guidelines for Citizens Charter preparation to include women friendly services

3. Information system to include gender disaggregated data

4. Budgetary allocation for Capacity building support to prepare Gender Action Plan. Gender

Committee to be constituted to ensure implementation and monitoring

8.5 Gender checklist In the formulation of projects, there is a need for gender specific data for planning,

monitoring and determining beneficiaries, also gender impact assessment there is a need to

execute on how men and women access, use and get affected by different urban

infrastructure development projects. This can be done by using a checklist given below:

8.5.1. Project Planning and Design Collection of gender disaggregated data- both in secondary and primary information

gathering.

Ensure women representative in the stakeholder identification

Integration of gender concerns in all sectors.

8.5.2. Project Implementation In the formation of projects ensure to assess the benefits to women, involve women and

men in planning & design, operation and maintenance.

For every sector ensure the following:

Water

Women are generally responsible for water collection.Time spent?

Poor quality affect health?

Girl child leave school for water collection?



Sanitation, SWM, Drainage and sewerage Time devoted in SW management?

Who and how : manage?

Where disposed the waste?

Who collects and how and when?

People’s health risk- women spend more time in home/ settlement so improper sanitation

cause higher risk to them

Ensure toilet in workplace

At what interval is the community toilet

Pay and use

Covered drains

Private toilet (provision of toilet to the slums)

Sewerage needs to be connected to notified slum.

Women right in urban space- land housing finance

Land tenure

Access to livelihood and employment

Women earn less than men

Economic contribution is unacknowledged, unmeasured and unsupported.- need to organize

Work in informal sector and hence exclused from safety nets(maternity leave, health care,

pension)

Equal opportunity?

Right to social services;

Household industry

Safety and security Urban space and safety: streetlight, distance of public transport system

Violence against women.



Urban transport

How many roads planned are motorized and how many are smaller roads within the

neighbourhood.

What mode of transport do women use in such motorized road? (Men are owner of personal

transport and hence women depend more on public transport or walk)

How many women use pedestrian walkways

How easy, difficult, safe are these pavements for the women to walk

Are walkways planned with soft landscape that is friendly for children?

Are the walkway low and comfortable to get on and off? Is the O and M high priority?

How is the lighting planned? - road safety

Are road signs with graphic so that it is understandable by women with low literacy?

Distance of public transport

Public transport to cater to women working late night.

Rehabilitation due to road widening- tenure and security

Being counted Women in governance: most women being proxy candidate

Awareness program taken up or not?

Provision of platform? Is there any women community based organization at the city level to

address the need and discuss issues.

Women a part of decision making?

8.5.3. Project Evaluation Monitor whether the money is spent as planned and an assessment of impact of the

programmes; projects and schemes will be conducted so as to ensure gender

mainstreaming.Also one can look into capacity building for participation through awareness

porgrammes, trainings, etc



CHAPTER 9. Municipal Finance

9.1 Introduction Urban Local Bodies, however, do not have a sound financial base. Many of them are

relatively weak reflecting their increased dependence on the state government and external

sources like the grants received from the National Finance Commissions. At the same time

they are found reluctant to take serious steps to improve their weak fiscal position.

9.1.1 Municipal finances Sambalpur Municipality is following single entry (cash-based) accounting system for

maintaining the municipal accounts. For the purposes of analysis, all the account items are

broadly categorized under the following major heads of Income and Expenditure:

9.1.2 Receipts

All recurring and non-recurring items of Receipt and expenditure are included under this

head. Receipt includes the receipt of the municipality under the following heads:

Rates and Receipt

Licence and other fees

Receipts under special Acts

Revenue from derived from Municipal Properties and powers apart from taxation

Grants and contribution for general and special purposes

Miscellaneous

Extraordinary & debts

9.1.3 Expenditure All expenditure of Sambalpur Municipality can be categorized under the following heads:

General Administration

Collection of taxes & fees

Pensions & Gratuities

Public Safety

Public Health

Medical



Public Convenience

Public Institution

Miscellaneous

Extra Ordinary & Debts

9.2. Financial status Financial assessment of the Sambalpur Municipality has been carried based on the financial

information collected for last eight financial years, i.e. FY 2000-01 to FY 2007-08. The total

receipt of the municipality has increased from Rs. 487.39 lakh in FY 2000-01 to Rs. 1431.41

lakh in FY 2007-08 at a compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of 16.64 percent. The total

expenditure however has increased during this period from Rs. 511.15 lakh to Rs. 1398.53

lakh with a CAGR of 15.46 percent. Table 9.1 Summary of Finances of Sambalpur Municipality

Particulars 2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08

Total

Receipt

487.39 645.74 850.66 934.70 797.97 797.96 1,089.82 1,431.41

Total

Expenditure

511.15 504.15 768.44 1,053.15 849.83 849.82 733.57 1,398.53

Overall

Status

(23.76) 141.59 82.21 (118.45) (51.86) (51.86) 356.25 32.88

9.2.1. Trends in Receipt and Expenditure Figure 9.1 Trends in Receipt and Expenditure of Sambalpur Municipality

0.00

200.00

400.00

600.00

800.00

1,000.00

1,200.00

1,400.00

1,600.00

Total Receipt 487.39 645.74 850.66 934.70 797.97 797.96 1,089.82 1,431.41 Total Expenditure 511.15 504.15 768.44 1,053.15 849.83 849.82 733.57 1,398.53

2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08

Source : Sambalpur municipality




From the above graph depicting trend in total receipt and expenditure it can be clearly seen

that income is more than expenditure in 2001-02, 2002-03, 2006-07 and 2007-08. But during

the years 2000-01, 2003-04 to 2005-06 the expenditure is more than the income.

9.2.2. Receipt The major source of receipt of the municipality is from Extraordinary & debts and Grant and

contribution sources.

Table 9.2 Heads of receipt of Sambalpur Municipality

Heads of Receipt

2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08

Rates and

Receipt

12.16 13.62 29.14 23.31 22.31 22.31 40.81 43.20

Licence and

other fees

21.04 21.77 25.70 33.42 40.03 40.03 41.89 61.11

Receipts under

special Acts

0.33 0.67 0.86 0.07 0.41 0.41 0.47 0.60

Revenue from

derived from

Municipal

Properties and

powers apart

from taxation

16.91 70.94 50.81 38.30 34.02 34.02 39.92 46.70

Grants and

contribution for

general and

special

purposes

338.67 453.41 556.18 579.37 547.63 547.63 741.94 1,037.00

Miscelleneous 97.02 83.62 170.60 230.93 114.05 114.05 185.50 190.80

Extraordinary &

debts

1.26 1.71 17.37 29.31 39.51 39.51 39.29 52.00

Total Receipt 487.39 645.74 850.66 934.70 797.97 797.96 1,089.82 1,431.41

9.2.2.1. Rates and Receipt




11.98

113.94

(20.01)(4.29) 0.01

82.92

5.86

(40.00)(20.00)

0.00

20.0040.00

60.0080.00

100.00120.00

140.00

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

Year

The category of receipts coming under this head is from Tax on Holding, Water Tax, Light

Tax, Latrine Tax and Tax on carriage. Holding Tax including Water and Light @ 10% is the

following manner has been imposed in Sambalpur Municipality in accordance with section

131 of Orissa Municipal Act: Holding Tax @ 3% of annual value, Water Tax @ 3% of annual

value, Light Tax @ 4% of annual value. The collection under this head has increased from

Rs. 12.16 lakh in 2000-01 to Rs. 29.14 lakh in 2002-03, after that it has shown a decreasing

trend till 2005-06. After which it has become almost doubled in 2006-07 to Rs. 40.81 lakh

and Rs. 43.20 lakh in 2007-08. . Rates and Receipt contribute on an average 2.86 percent of

the total receipt.

Figure 9.2 Growth rate of revenue from rates and receipt

9.2.2.2. License and other fees The various sources of receipt which are clubbed under this head is licence fee collected for

projection and erection, for offensive and dangerous trade etc., for public resort and other

entertainment; and other fees (Entry Fees). Collection under this head has been showing an

increasing trend in all the years of our analysis. It has increased from Rs. 21.04 lakh in 2000-

01 to Rs. 61.11 lakh in 2007-08. But from the graph depicting growth trend it can be seen

that the growth in 2003-04 and 2007-08 is very high and in 2000-01 and 2005-06 and 2006-

07 is very low. Licence and other fees contribute on an average 4.05 percent of the total

receipt. Major collection is made under “Other fees (Entry Fees)” and from “Licence fee for

offensive and dangerous trade etc.”.




3.49

18.04

30.07

19.77

(0.01)4.65

45.88

(10.00)

0.00

10.00

20.00

30.00

40.00

50.00

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

Figure 9.3 Growth rate of revenue from licence and other fees

9.2.2.3. Receipt under Special Act Receipt under the following head consists of receipt from pound and receipt from ferry rent.

Receipt of the municipality from this source is very low. It contributes only about 0.06 percent

of the total receipt.

Figure 9.4 Growth rate of receipt under special acts

99.0629.75

(92.36)

512.99

1.23 14.63 27.66

(200.00)

(100.00)

0.00

100.00

200.00

300.00

400.00

500.00

600.00

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

9.2.2.4. Revenue from derived from Municipal Properties and powers apart from taxation Revenue collected under this head can be divided into the following heads: Fees & revenue

from Educational Institution, Fees & revenue from Medical Institution, Fees & revenue from

Markets maintenance by Municipality, Interest on investment. Collection under this head




319.48

(28.37)(24.63)(11.17)0.00 17.34 16.98

(50.00)

0.00

50.00

100.00

150.00

200.00

250.00

300.00

350.00

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

33.88

22.66

4.17

(5.48)(0.00)

35.4839.7

(10.00)

0.00

10.00

20.00

30.00

40.00

50.00

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

contributes only about 5.00 percent of total receipt. The graph given below clearly depicts

how the receipt under this head has fall down after the year 2000-01.

Figure 9.5 Growth rate of revenue from properties and powers apart from taxation

9.2.2.5. Grants and contribution for general and special purposes Grants are the second major source of income for the municipality contributing upto 68.11

percent (on an average) of the total receipt of the municipality. Sambalpur Municipality is

getting various types of grants from Govt. These can be classified into following sub-heads,

i.e., grants received for General purpose, for educational Purpose, for maintenance of roads,

and for other purposes. It can be seen from the table showing collection under all the heads

of receipt that the grant and contribution amount is increasing every year except two years in

which it is less from the last year figure., i.e., in 2004-05 and 2005-06. But from the graph

given below it can be seen that though the amount received as grant is increasing each

year, but the percentage of growth of each year in comparison to the last year is decreasing

till 2004-05 and after that it has been increasing. It has increased from 338.67 lakh in 2000-

01 to 1037.00 lakh in 2007-08.

Figure 9.6 Growth rate showing receipt under grant contribution



(13.81)

104.01

35.37

(50.61)

(0.00)

62.65

2.8

(60.00)

(40.00)

(20.00)

0.00

20.00

40.00

60.00

80.00

100.00

120.00

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

35.76

917.91

68.73 34.83 (0.01) (0.56) 32.3

(200.00)

0.00

200.00

400.00

600.00

800.00

1,000.00

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

9.2.2.6. Miscellaneous The categories of incomes that are included under this head are fishery rent and other rent.

This head of income contributes upto 17.07 percent of total receipt of the municipality.

Figure 9.7 Growth rate of receipt under miscellaneous head

9.2.2.7. Extraordinary & debts Various types of loans, advances and deposits of the municipality are i9ncluded under this

head. This head contributes upto 2.86 percent of the total receipt of the municipality.

Figure 9.8 Growth rate of receipt from extraordinary & debt






2006-07

4%

4%

0%

4%

67%

17% 4%

Rates and Receipt


Receipts underspecial Acts

Revenue from derivedfrom MunicipalProperties and powersapart from taxationGrants andcontribution for generaland special purposes

Miscelleneous


2007-08

3%

4%

0%

3%

73%

13% 4%

Rates and Receipt


Receipts under specialActs

Revenue from derivedfrom MunicipalProperties and powersapart from taxationGrants and contributionfor general and specialpurposes

Miscelleneous


Figure 9.9 Percentage of Share of each head of income to total income in the year 2006-07, 2007-08



9.2.3. Expenditure The major heads under which the expenditure is made by the municipality are public health,

public convenience and miscellaneous heads.

Table 9.3 Heads of expenditure of Sambalpur Municipality Details of Expenditure

2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08

General

Administration

23.70 26.76 36.51 30.10 35.95 35.95 50.00 50.22

Collection of

taxes & fees

28.13 26.66 26.51 31.40 25.58 25.57 24.72 37.48

Pensions &

Gratuities

13.12 30.23 48.32 30.01 47.27 47.27 47.47 70.66

Public Safety 16.10 13.58 37.35 41.12 37.50 37.50 68.38 79.00

Public Health 143.46 164.50 208.98 290.00 206.27 206.26 227.40 423.60

Medical 13.47 16.68 16.28 17.89 13.31 13.31 12.34 18.45

Public

Convenience

78.11 49.80 128.00 185.39 219.95 220.37 154.78 312.15

Public

Institution

60.22 61.09 69.61 75.73 58.44 58.00 29.61 96.32

Miscelleneous 105.05 96.17 142.84 249.49 189.96 190.00 90.52 274.35

Extra Ordinary

& Debts

29.80 18.68 54.04 102.04 15.60 15.59 28.35 36.30

Total Expenditure

511.15 504.15 768.44 1,053.15 849.83 849.82 733.57 1,398.53

9.2.3.1. General Administration Expenses relating to employees are clubbed under this head. Expenses like Office

Establishment, Contingencies, Dearness Allowance, Travelling Allowance and Leave Salary

& pension contribution are forming part of this head of expenditure. Out of the total

expenditures of the municipality, about 4.55 percent are spent towards General

Administration. It has almost doubled during the eight year period of our analysis. It has

increased from Rs. 23.70 lakh in 2000-01 to Rs. 50.22 lakh in 2007-08.



(5.20)(0.58)

18.44

(18.54)

(0.03) (3.32)

51.6

(30.00)(20.00)(10.00)

0.0010.0020.0030.0040.0050.0060.00

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

Figure 9.10 Growth rate of revenue from rates and receipt

12.88

36.45

(17.55)

19.42

0.00

39.08

0.4

(30.00)

(20.00)

(10.00)

0.00

10.00

20.00

30.00

40.00

50.00

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

9.2.3.2. Collection of taxes & fees The heads of expenditures which are clubbed under this major head are establishment,

Convenience allowance, Dearness Allowance. The expense made under this head is 3.66

percent of total expenditure of the municipality. The expenditure made under this head is

showing an oscillating trend.

Figure 9.11 Growth rate of Expenditure under head collection of taxes and fees

9.2.3.3. Pensions & Gratuities Near about 5.04 percent of the total expenditure of the Sambalpur Municipality is spend

towards pension and gratuities. During the year 2003-04, it is Rs. 30.01 lakh, from which it

has increased by 50 percent in 2004-05 (Rs. 47.27 lakh). During the year 2007-08, it is Rs.

70.66 lakh.





(15.66)

175.11

10.10(8.81) 0.01

82.35

15.5

(50.00)

0.00

50.00

100.00

150.00

200.00

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

130.39

59.84

(37.90)

57.54

(0.01) 0.42

48

(60.00)(40.00)(20.00)

0.0020.0040.0060.0080.00

100.00120.00140.00

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

Figure 9.12 Growth rate of Expenditure under head pension and gratuities

9.2.3.4. Public Safety Sambalpur Municipality is diverting about 4.80 percent of total expenditure towards lighting

establishment and equipment. From the year 2004-05 to 2007-08 it can be seen that the

amount spent under this head has almost doubled.

Figure 9.13 Growth rate of Expenditure under the head public safety

9.2.3.5. Public Health The various heads of expenditures, which are clubbed under this main head are

Establishment charges; Epidemic charges; Fairs & Festivals & Exhibition; expenses made

under Drainage & Sewerage works; expenses made under Water supply & water works; and

expenses towards Conservancy, Latrine & Urinals Road watering & road cleaning, Markets.

This is the major head of expenditure of the municipality. On an average 28.16 percent of

total expenditure belongs to this head of expenditure. Expenditure under this head has

increased from Rs. 143.46 lakh in 2000-01 to Rs. 423.60 lakh in 2007-08.




14.6727.04

38.77

(28.87)

(0.01)10.25

86.2

(40.00)

(20.00)

0.00

20.00

40.00

60.00

80.00

100.00

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

23.83

(2.43)

9.90

(25.56)

(0.03)(7.29)

49.5

(30.00)

(20.00)

(10.00)

0.00

10.00

20.00

30.00

40.00

50.00

60.00

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

Figure 9.14 Growth rate of Expenditure under the head public health

9.2.3.6. Medical The expenses made towards maintaining and carrying out the activities of the Homeopathy

Dispensary, Medical Khetrajpur, and Maternity & Child welfare centre are clubbed under this

head. On an average near about 1.99 % of the total expenditure are incurred for medical.

Figure 9.15 Growth rate of Expenditure under medical

9.2.3.7. Public Convenience Expenditure for pound, Planting & preservation of trees on roads and public places and

maintenance of public gardens, Swimming Pool, Abating offensive & dangerous trades and

public works like Establishment, Building, Road, Stores and Plant, Burning & Burial grounds

are clubbed under this head. Out of the total expenditure 19.33 percent are spent under this





(36.24)

157.03

44.8318.65

0.19

(29.76)

101.

(50.00)

0.00

50.00

100.00

150.00

200.00

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

head. Expenditure under this head has increased from Rs. 49.80 lakh in 2001-02 to Rs.

312.15 lakh in 2007-08.

Figure 9.16 Growth rate of Expenditure under the head public convenience

9.2.3.8. Public Institution The expenses made towards Primary Education, Secondary and other education, Libraries

& reading rooms, Misc. contribution, U.B.S. are clubbed under this head. Near about 8.10

percent of the total expenditure are made under this head. It has increased from Rs. 60.22

lakh in 2000-01 to Rs. 75.73 lakh in 2003-04. However after that it has reduced to Rs. 58.44

lakh in 2004-05, Rs. 58.00 lakh in 2005-06, Rs. 29.61 lakh in 2006-07. However during the

year 2007-08 it is very high, nearing about Rs. 96.32 lakh, which can be clearly seen from

the graph given below.

Figure 9.17 Growth rate of Expenditure under the head public institution

9.2.3.9. Miscellaneous


Growth Rate of Expenditure under the head Public Institution

1.46 13.95 8.78(22.83)

(0.75)

(48.95)

225.30

(100.00)

(50.00)

0.00

50.00

100.00

150.00

200.00

250.00

2001- 02

2002- 03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

Year

Growth Rate

Series1



(8.46)

48.5474.66

(23.86)0.02

(52.36)

203.

(100.00)

(50.00)

0.00

50.00

100.00

150.00

200.00

250.00

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

(37.32)

189.35

88.82

(84.72)

(0.04)

81.85

28.

(100.00)

(50.00)

0.00

50.00

100.00

150.00

200.00

250.00

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

Expenses towards Interest on Loans, Law Charges, Stationery & Printing, Provident Fund,

Election, Census, Contribution for treatment of Municipal Employees in recognised sanitoria

for laprosy and T.B. etc., Unforseen and extra ordinary charges are clubbed under

Miscellaneous head. The expenditure percentage to total expenditure is 19.82 percent.

Figure 9.18 Growth rate of Expenditure under the head miscellaneous

9.2.3.10. Extra Ordinary & Debts Repayment of loans, advances and debts are coming under this group. Near about 4.55

percent of total expenditure are made towards repayment of loans, advances and debts.

Figure 9.19 Growth rate of Expenditure under the head extraordinary & dept





Figure 9.20 Graph showing Percentage of Share of each head of expenditure to total expenditure in the year 2006-07, 2007-08

2006-07

7%3%

6%

9%

32%2%21%

4%

12% 4%

General Administration

Collection of taxes &feesPensions & Gratuities

Public Safety

Public Health

Medical

Public Convenience

Public Institution

Miscelleneous

Extra Ordinary & Debts

9.3. Upcoming Projects Details

UDISSMT

The water supply to uncovered areas of Sambalpur town is carried out under UDISSMT

project. The cost of the project is Rs. 9.67 crores.

Sanitation Work

For improvement of sanitation system in the city project is carried out by the Municipality with

a project cost of Rs. 5.93 crores.

Solid waste management project is carried out with a Project cost of Rs. 2.55 crores.

Road, Bridge & Parking slots

DPR approvel has been received for the above project with a cost of Rs. 58.62 crores.

Preservation & Development of water boards and water reserve system

The cost approval received for the above project is Rs. 7.84 crores.

Urban Renewal and heritage conservation The cost approval received for the above project is Rs. 8.83 crores.



9.4. Fixed Assets

No fixed asset registers is maintained by the Municipality for movable and immovable assets

and information about fixed assets scattered in different departments. In regard to some

assets Sambalpur Municipality has no proper records available. However, these assets need

to be verified and valued and a fixed asset register need to be prepared. Identification of all

assets and valuation thereof is required to arrive the correct net worth of the Municipality. As

per the available information, the following are some of the fixed assets:

Table 9.4 Asset

Municipal Building & Quarters 63

Hospital (Allopathic-2, Homepathic-1) 3

Park 5

Swimingpool 1

Boating Club 1

Ponds 28

Primary School 32

Market 5

Stall 623

Dumper 2

Tractor 6

Tractor 407 2

Tata 407 dead body carrier 1

Ladder 1

Container 1

Cesspool 1

Drain cleaner with water tanker 1

Roller 1

Water Tanker 2

Car 1

Commander 1

Rajdoot Motor Cycles 4

J D 315 (JVC) 1

Damage Condition

Bobcat 1

Tempoo 13



9.5. Property Tax

There is a need to improve the coverage, assessment mechanism and collection efficiency

of property tax for improved resource mobilization. The current system of assessment, i.e.,

based on Annual Rental Value (ARV) should be revised. Sambalpur Municipality can not

assess new properties or increase tax rates without converting to the new system.

Therefore, the Municipality should start the process of implementing assessment on Unit

Area Basis as early as possible. This would require drafting of bye-laws, which will lay down

the guidelines for a more rational assessment based on assessment or property values and

level of infrastructure available in different zones. The bye-laws are need to spell out clearly

the enforcement rules and penalty clauses for non-compliance. For the purpose of the

reforms in this area, the following short- to medium-term interventions will need to be taken

up.

Interventions Required 1. Filing of returns by the property owners/occupiers

3. Conducting a detailed house to house survey of properties within the municipal area.

4. Property identification code to each property and Zoning of city on the basis of rates;

5. Computerization of holding tax, rentals from municipal markets, and license records;

6. Strengthening grievance redressal and dispute resolution mechanism at the ULB

level

7. Organizing tax payers’ education program and area camps /awareness camps for

citizens

8. Computerizing demand/collection register and preparation of reconciliation

statement.

9. Developing an effective MIS for monitoring property tax at various administrative

levels.

10. Organizing training programs for municipal personnel on property tax reforms.

Key Issues

1. Presently, Sambalpur Municipality is following cash-based single entry system of

accounting for maintaining its daily transactions using registers and formats prescribed

under the Orissa Municipal Rules, 1953. Municipal accounts are maintained manually. All

transactions are first entered in the cash book, then they are posted into the head-wise

abstract register. At the year end a statement of income and expenditure is prepared from

the abstract register. All the limitations of the single entry accounting system are prevailing in



the current scenario. Revenue and capital items are not distinguished. Receivables,

payables, non-cash items of expenditure are never considered. The cash book maintained

by the accountant records all the cash receipts by the Municipality and all payments whether

by cash or bank by the Municipality. The cash book does not take into account all the

receipts through bank. All the bank receipts (mainly from Govt. grants) are recorded in a

separate cheques receipt book. The receipt and payments made through bank are not

considered for preparing the statement of income and expenditure.

2.The municipality is yet to adopt the double entry system of accounting .

3. The pay-roll accounting and the stores/inventory are managed by different sections.

4.The annual statement records are not prepared.

5. Cash-based single entry system of accounting for maintaining its daily transactions using

registers and formats prescribed under the Orissa Municipal Rules, 1953 is being followed.

6.Revenues are recorded only when cash or cheques are received;

7. Expenditures are recorded only when payments are made in respect thereof; Receivables

arising due to demand raised are not recorded in the accounting system;

8.The classification between capital and revenue items of receipts and expenditures is not

maintained;

9.Municipal accounts are maintained manually. All transactions are first entered in the cash

book, then they are posted into the head-wise abstract register. At the year end a statement

of income and expenditure is prepared from the abstract register.

10. Revenue and capital items are not distinguished. Receivables, payables, non-cash items

of expenditure are never considered. The cash book records only the transaction of receipt

and payment in cash.

11. The accounting system is not computerized.



12. The Orissa Municipal Corporation Act, 2003 is yet to be supported by a complete set of

municipal finance rules, thus the SM is following the old sets of registers and forms,

prescribed under the Orissa Municipal Rules, 1953.

13. No fixed asset registers are maintained.

14. Though there is a staff advance register available in the Municipality, but it is not

maintained properly.

15. At present the Municipality is maintaining 21 Bank Accounts. The accounting of bank

transactions concerning the municipal fund is recorded in the cashbook .

16. Budgeting is done on an incremental basis and there is no scientific methodology of

forecasting both revenue and expenditure. The budget documents are not user friendly.

There is no multi year budget for capital expenditure which is spread over multi years.

Budget is not used as financial management tool or for performance monitoring.

17.Expenditure on works is taken up according to the budget figures which are not properly

backed by the flow of revenue as a result the payments of contractors for completed works

get delayed due to insufficient funds and those payments are generally deferred and paid

out of the next year’s annual revenue. At the same time, next year’s budget is also prepared

with fund for next year’s new assignments. This leads to a liquidity crunch situation.

18. Year-end reconciliations are not carried out where necessary. No reconciliations are

made for advances given and adjusted with the cashbook and the advance ledgers.

19. The municipality is not conducting any physical verification of stocks and fixed assets.

20. Information in regard to various assets is scattered, and also in regard to some assets

SM no proper records are available. However, these assets need to be verified and valued

before they are considered in the assets register.

21. Accounting information is scattered between the finance and account section, and the

other sections like holding section, license section, engineering section, etc.



22. No formal Management Information System (MIS) reports are being generated.

However, under specific requirements of senior functionaries, the section officials collate

information and provide them as and when required.

24. There is no system of maintaining depreciation fund for any assets, which may create a

liquidity crunch situation in case of asset breakdown.

25. There is no cash management, receivable management, inventory management and

expenditure management system.

26. Though internal control system is in place, some changes are required for a transparent

and better financial management.

27. The staff involved in financial management is not properly trained.



CHAPTER 10. Strategic Action Plan & City

Investment Plan 10.1 SWOT Analysis Based on the analysis in previous chapters, a SWOT analysis of the city is conducted and

presented as below:

Strength Weakness

• Main Business center in the

entire district

• Good connectivity by road and

Rail

• It is the hub of the handy crafts

of Sambalpur and adjoining

districts

• Sambalpur agglomeration is the

educational center

• Culture and heritage

• Availability of surplus water

• Poor Infrastructure in the city

• Concentration of slums and Density in

the slums is high

• Municipal finance is in weak position

and arrears are increasing

• Lack of transparency in city

governance and less coordination with

other departments

• No revision of master plan

Opportunity Threats

• Catchment area of Hirakund dam

• Well connected to capital of the

state

• Expansion possibility beyond the

city

• Earthquake prone area falls in zone 3

• No scope of expansion in the city

• High population growth and increasing

slums with low access infrastructure

• Migration from sub urban area

• Political influence

• Lack of human resource in every

department of the city

• High poverty

• Increasing crime related to women

10.2 Vision Statement



To make Sambalpur a clean and green and slum free city and a residential and cultural hub

for surrounding industrial areas providing IT and information, education and health services.

10.3 Projection of Future Population

The projection by means of Geometric Progression Method which comes to around 3.8 lakhs

population in 2031 has been taken into consideration for all the sector future requirements

projections. The CDP has adopted higher figure in view of suggestion from the municipality

that the population of the municipality was higher than the one indicated by the Census 2001

and the same was communicated to the Census Office for revision. The future population is

expected to be higher in view of the growth potential as well as the suggested new figure for

2001.

Table 10.1 Population projection

Year Population

Geometric Progression

Method

Arithmetic Progression

Method

Incremental Increase

1961 38,195

1971 64,675

1981 1,10,282

1991 1,31,138

2001 1,54,164

2008 173973 165689 165434

2011 208560 182976 182065

2021 308926 220432 216974

2031 381705 240601 235133

10.4 Strategic Action Plan 10.4.1 Strategies for Water Supply The water supply demand today is 24 MLD but due to rapid growth in population and

increasing city area the demand in year 2024 is estimated to be around 40 MLD. Though the

city has adequate source and a treatment plant of capacity 40MLD, there are certain area

which needs attention for efficient water supply. Therefore to meet the demand and to give

100% coverage of piped water supply to the city the following strategies can be adopted:



Enhancing the storage capacity: As the city has only 8 storage tanks with a total capacity

of around 8 MLD and only two ESRs there is a need to construct a new storage tanks. Most

of the city is given water supply by direct pumping, which in turn increases the power

consumption. By the construction of new ESR the water distribution can take place by

gravity system and the problem of direct pumping and storage of water can be avoided.

Reducing NRW: The present NRW is 40 %, which is very high in comparison to the

benchmark of 15%-20%.. There are a significant proportion of illegal connections, which are

yet to be regularized. The un-metered connections need to be dealt with progressively so

that they are bought under metering system. This calls for addressing issues such as non-

revenue water, metering, improving collection system etc. The pressure loss in the mains is

a significant problem due to which a large chunk of household connect pumps directly to

taps, which cause inequitable distribution of water.

Increasing Coverage and Access: As discussed earlier the city has a surplus amount of

treated water but still 2 wards do not have piped coverage. The slums, which comprises 50%

of the city population, are served by stand posts. There is a need to extend the distribution

lines to the uncovered area and to provide individual connections or group connections to

the slum dwellers.

Enhancing the distribution system: There is an immediate need for the enhancement of

the existing distribution system. Since large chunk of the pipe lines are old and are in

dilapidated condition which in turn responsible for loss of pressure, contamination and NRW.

New technology like SCADA system can be used and also water supply distribution can be

integrated to GIS.

Targeting subsidies to the poor: Providing water supply to the poor is major issue in the

town most of the slums are served by public stand post and there is very less individual or

group connections. The subsidies in the capital cost or connection cost for the poor can be

provided for complete coverage of piped water supply to the slum.

Realistic pricing and cost recovery: There is an immediate need for revising the tariff

structure. It is recommended to install bulk meter and individual meters. Introducing GIS and

IT should increase efficiency of billing and collection. The billing and collection can be

entrusted to private operator based on incentives and targets. The incentive mechanism for

the end user should be introduced to promote the willingness to pay on time.



Converting intermittent supply to 24X7 supply: Sambalpur city has the potential to

provide 24X7 water supply with equitable pressure. There are three hills in the city and 60%

of the distribution takes place form these hills through gravity. There is an immediate need

for increasing the storage capacity of the reservoirs present on these hills to provide water

supply to entire city through gravity. A PPP model can be adopted for 24X7 water supply.

Regulatory measures for ground water use: There is a need to develop an emergency

response strategy to meet fast depleting of ground water sources. There is a need to

establish a suitable regulatory mechanism to protect the ground water sources from being

exploited with measures like issue of permissions, controlled use, and levy of appropriate

taxes for commercial use etc.

Ground water sources are expected to get further depleted in the years to come if such

measures are not taken affecting the society at large at the cost of private bore well owners.

Moreover, such regulatory measures would contribute towards the augmentation of

underground aquifers.

Water harvesting measures: There is a need to promote water-harvesting measures to

conserve and improve the ground water table.

Institutional Accountability: Currently water supply and sewerage in Sambalpur is

completely managed by the Public Health & Engineering Organisation. According to the 74th

Constitutional Amendment Act these functions are entrusted to the urban local bodies and it

is mandatory to comply with the same under the UIDSSMT program. Hence the city should

formulate a strategy and mechanisms to make the water supply delivery accountable to the

Sambalpur Municipality.

10.4.2 Strategies for Sewerage and Sanitation An analysis of the sewerage sector reveals that sewerage network coverage is very low

(5%) particularly in the extension areas and newly developed areas. The slum population

and the poor lack safe sanitation facilities and are prone to health related diseases. The

treatment of sewerage is not done resulting in discharge of untreated sewage into the

natural streams thus polluting water bodies. In addition there are no facilities for wastewater

recycling and reuse.

Preparation of comprehensive sewerage master plan



To meet the current gap and future requirements of Sambalpur, there is a need to prepare a

Comprehensive Sewerage Master Plan. Implementation of this plan would ensure

enhanced quality of life to the citizens of the city. Complete topographical survey of twin

cities is to be carried out.

To undertake this task, there is a need for effective coordination among various departments

involved in the development activities and service delivery such as Sambalpur Municipality,

Sambalpur Urban Development Authority (SUDA), Public Health & Engineering Department

Orissa Water Supply and Sewerage Board (OWS&SB), Orissa State Pollution Control Board

(OSPCB) and Association of Developers.

Improvement to the existing sewerage system

Orissa Water Supply and Sewerage Board (OWS&SB) has proposed the integrated

Sewerage and drainage system for greater Sambalpur the project’s priority in the National

Development Plan/Public investment program. This project is under the objectives of 10th

five year plan to provide better infrastructures in terms of minimum drinking water supply and

sewerage and sanitation services to the uncovered areas of all urban local bodies

accordingly, in the 1st phase it is proposed to provide sewerage system in four major cities of

state namely, Bhuvenashwar,Cuttack,Berhampur and Sambalpur. With an estimated

investment of Rs. 298.00 crores.

The above proposals should be implemented speedily with timely allocation of funds.

Achieving 100 percent under ground drainage: The Sambalpur city should aim to provide

100 percent UGD in the long run. To achieve this, a master plan should be first prepared and

based on the master plan proposals and schemes should be formulated for 100 percent

coverage.

Provision of UGD lines needs to be mandated for developing new layouts. This will lead to

fast expansion of UGD and passing on part of the capital costs to the beneficiaries who

would in any case have invested in individual septic tank systems.

Construction of Sewerage Treatment Plant: The design year for the sewerage plan may

be taken as 2031 with a projected population of 3.8 lakhs. With a per capita water supply

rate of 135 lpcd as per the CPHEEO norms, and assuming that 80 percent of the water



supply will be returned as sewerage, the sewerage generation in 2031 shall be 55MLD.

Thus the STP shall be designed for the flow of 55 MLD. Setting up of decentralized and Mini

Sewerage Treatment Plants primary and secondary or primary, secondary and tertiary along

the sewerage line at reasonable distances, say 5 km, should be considered. Such recycled

water can be used locally for public gardens and green areas, irrigation, industrial application

or it can be let into the storm water drains.

Protection of Natural Water Bodies: Sambalpur has significant number of natural water

bodies. These water bodies are getting dried up due to encroachments and are becoming

sewage ponds due to indiscriminate letting of sewerage. There is an urgent need to protect

and restore these natural water bodies.

For Improving sanitation coverage: As evident from the analysis of current situation the

sanitation status in the city is quite poor. There is an immediate need to provide public toilets

in the city as well as in slums. There is a need to under take extensive awareness campaign

to ensure better sanitation in the city.

10.4.3 Strategies for Storm Water Drains The condition of storm water drainage is very poor and the following strategies can be

adopted for improvement:

Preparation of Comprehensive Master Plan There is a need to prepare a comprehensive storm water drains master plan and it can

incorporate the following aspects.

• Desiltation of the existing natural drains and nallha

• Proper management for the maintenance of the drains

• 100% coverage in the city

Rehabilitation of the Existing Storm Water Drainage System

• The existing open drains may be progressively converted into covered and pacca

drains.

• Scheme should be drawn up for the provision of storm water drains in the uncovered

areas to achieve 100 percent coverage



• Identification of flood prone areas and designing and implementing flood mitigation

strategies with a focus on the poor

• Establishing a Geographical Information System (GIS) incorporating all the basic

data to facilitate setting up and managing of an effective storm water drainage

system for the city. Such an information system is the need of the hour. It can be

established probably with the help of an agency like Orissa Remote Sensing Agency

of the Government of Orissa or any other competent agency.

10.4.4. Strategies for Solid Waste Management Till date there no solid waste management master plan is prepared for the city. Therefore

following strategies can be implemented for effective SWM

Preparation of Comprehensive Master Plan A comprehensive solid waste management strategic plan is prepared for the Sambalpur

Municipality. Comprehensive SWM plan Whish highlights the following aspects:

• Strategies for improvement of collection:

o Phased implementation of door to door collection system by mobilizing,

facilitating, organizing and supporting community activities and with the help

of NGOs

o Placing of adequate community storage bins in areas where house to house

collection cannot be implemented

o Expanding voluntary garbage disposal scheme for more number of

restaurants/hotels and commercial establishments and collection of user

charges

o Placement of adequate dumper placers in sufficient number at markets for

ensuring that all vendors place the waste in the containers

• Reuse and recycle of the waste: The bio degradable/ organic waste segregated at

the decentralized secondary storage centers should be processed to make compost.

‘Waste to Energy’ options through PPP/ BOOT model should be explored. Since the

feasibility of these options are based on market linkages, climatic conditions, quantity

and composition of waste collected, etc. actual options of waste processing should

be finalized by municipality in consultation with the consultants/ partner who would be

implementing it.



• Identification of the waste disposal site & closure of existing dumping site: The

existing dumping yards are located near the human settlements. These may be

closed once a proper and scientific landfill facility is developed. Hence there is a

need to scientifically close the existing dumping yards in a way it is safe and

aesthetically appealing to the public at large.

• Source segregation & storage of the waste: The waste collected from door-to-door

should be deposited either at the nearest segregation and composting site or at the

nearest transfer site. The utility jeeps/ tippers should be used for collection of waste

from the ‘Collection Bins’ at the transfer points. The dumper placers could be used to

lift the dumper bins placed at various locations. The waste collected is then

transported, segregated and temporarily stored at the secondary storage centers.

These secondary storage centers should be provided at various locations. The waste

should be segregated as per the following categories for resale, composting and

disposal at landfill site.

• Levy of User Charges: Since most of the initiatives are on a Public Private

Partnership model, part of the costs incurred toward the investments and expenditure

should be recovered through user fee from all the properties including households

and commercial establishments. The interests of the low-income groups, the poor

and the vulnerable shall be protected while deciding on the’ user charges.

• Night sweeping: For better hygienic condition in public places and roads the night

sweeping should be encouraged. PPP model should be adopted for this purpose.

10.4.5. Strategies for Traffic and transportation As evident the traffic and transportation condition in the city is pathetic and not meeting the

desirable standards therefore following strategies can be implemented to enhance the

condition of the sector:

• Improvement and redevelopment of the Routs: The roads are always flooded with

traffic in the city as there is no proper width of roads and moreover they are

encroached. There is an immediate need for providing diversions, One ways, walk

ways and no entry for heavy vehicle



• Introduction of traffic signals: as evident there is no traffic signals present in the city

.it is recommended that there must be traffic signals on each junction

• Improvement of traffic islands and junctions: Junctions are transit points for traffic. If

they are designed and managed well there will be smooth transfer of traffic at the

junctions. Otherwise, the junctions themselves could cause hindrance to the traffic

and become a traffic hazard both to the motorists and vulnerable road users. 4

important junctions in Sambalpur need urgent improvement.

• Removal of encroachment and provide separate vending zones: As most of the

informal sector activity talks place on the roadside resulting in the congestion of the

roads. There is an immediate need for providing the separate vending zones.

• Road widening: There is a need for the road widening in the entire city.

• Introduction of public transport system: As there no public transport system in the city

and population is just depending upon the shared auto and hired auto .So there is

need to have a public transport system for the residents to commute with in the city.

This will also help in reducing the volume of traffic plying on the existing roads.

• Improving bus stops and bus stand: Bus stops and bus stands are in pathetic

conditions they should be addressed. There is call for having a master plan for the

providing and enhancing the bus stops and bus stand. This can be done under PPP

model.

• Parking development: Parking facilities are better operated privately even when they

are publicly owned. At present, there are no proper parking facilities anywhere in the

city. With increasing vehicular population there is a positive risk that capacity of

many urban roads may be restricted by parked vehicles which will further lead to

congestion. Therefore, parking lots have to be created at all major points of vehicle

congregation like markets, places of entertainment, etc. The aim ought to be to

convert main consumer goods market areas into pedestrian plazas during peak

hours by banning entry of vehicles.



• Parking on the streets at night by car owners who do not possess their own parking

facilities (garages) needs to be regulated now before it becomes an “accepted

practice”. Other wise streets will become parking lots at night. Neighborhood parking

lots need to be mandated for all new layouts as common facilities. Industrial areas

need to be provided with common parking areas.

• Construction of flyovers and over bridges

• Integrating the existing railway as a mode of urban transport in the City : The existing

railway line which runs through the center of the city connecting Hirakund and

Jharsuguda and talcher.As Jharsuguda is developing as an industrial hum there is

bright chance of Sambalpur to convert into a residential hub Therefore a mono rail

network can be developed using the existing tracks.

• Construction of the Ring Road: as there is an peripheral connectivity by NH-4 and

NH-42 a ring road can be proposed for the efficient transportation

10.4.6. Strategies for Slum Improvement In Sambalpur city more then 50% population is residing in slums with very high density and

low basic infrastructure facilities as discussed earlier. To over come these issues the

following strategies can be implemented:

• Comprehensive development Plan for the slums

• Land tenure polices

• Measures taken to avoid encroachment

• Supporting and strengthening the local and community based institution

• Rehabilitation and Improvement

• Ensure that every household living in slums has access to basic services

• Improve overall health status through preventive and curative community based

methods



• Increase the education status by making critical innovative interventions

• Enable long-term sustenance of Integrated Slum Development Program through

community participation in planning, implementation, management and financial

contribution.

• Integrate municipal, state and NGO/private sector initiatives.

• Increase and reinforce earning skills of slum residents and design appropriate

livelihood options

• Increase options and infrastructure for increasing incomes

• Enable savings and access to formal credit and reduce dependence on private

moneylenders

10.4.7 Strategies for Urban Environment

• Improvement plan for the ground water and water bodies

• Use of pollution free public transport

• Water harvesting and lessen the impervious surface

• Rainwater harvesting and maintenance of individual premises hygienic and pollution

free should be encouraged and strictly followed, as per the act.

• Environmental planning should be part and parcel of city planning. Green belt areas

should be incorporated between the industrial and surrounding zones. This will limit

residential and other areas expanding closer to the industries.

• Active peoples’ participation should be made compulsory in the decision making of all

developmental activities.

• 30% of the funds shall be allocated to the O&M of the existing facilities for sustained

performance.



• Sewage treatment plant should be set up and the city be made 100% UGD. Treated

wastewater may be utilized for afforestation.

• Major open drains/ nallahs shall be upgraded.

• The MoEF notification dated 14.09.06 which requires environmental impact

assessment studies and environmental clearance from environmental impact

assessment authority for any developmental projects especially building and

construction activities of more than 20,000 sq.mtrs and less than 1,50, 000 or

development of townships, villages should be effectively implemented.

• Effective strategies for processing of solid wastes such as composting, production of

pellets, power etc should be implmented. Empahsis should be given to marketing of

the products so as to genrate revenue.

• Sewerage and industrial waste can be treated and sold to agricultural farmers and

industrial units.

• Attention should be paid to treatment of electronic waste that may be gernated due to

growth of software companies in the future.

• Use of plastics bags should be banned and recycling and reuse of plastics should be

promoted through public awareness campaigns particularly targeting the school

children.

• Scientific management of bio-medical waste should be promoted to meet the

requirements

• The water bodies and green areas around the city should be preserved and

protected.

• Regulatory measures should be introduced and awareness campaigns conducted to

minimize the use of plastics.

10.4.8.Strategies Health



• To create an ‘Epidemic Control Cell’ for Sambalpur for efficient coordination in

combating epidemics.

• ‘City Health Committee’ should be constituted involving all stakeholders of

government and private health services for efficient coordination in providing such

services.

• Bio medical waste management should be taken up by private sector participation.

• Stray dogs and other domestic animals are one of the major causes of health and

environmental problems in the city. Steps should be taken for properly managing and

rehabilitating them.

• All hotels should be registered and regular health check ups of the hotel staff

including cooking and serving staff should be made mandatory.

• Vacancies in the Municipality maintained hospitals have to be filled.

• There is need providing More No. Of medical health facilities.

10.4.9.Strategies for Local Economic Development The development of any city depends upon the economic activity of the city and to improve

the economic activity the following strategies can be applicable:

• Provision of frame work for improvement of infrastructure: As the city is growing in a

rapid pace with increasing population there is a call to improve and provide basic

services and infrastructure facilities to the city. It is of immediate concern to develop

projects and institutional framework to promote sustainable city.

• Giving scope to gearing industrialization towards Jharsuguda: As evident by the city

assessment the neighboring district, Jharsuguda is developing industries like

mushrooms and there is a constant development of the corridor connecting the two

cities. In the near future Sambalpur is likely to become a residential hub therefore

there is an immediate requirement of providing the residential complexes and other

residential facilities.



• Provision of policies promoting the growth towards Jharsuguda: To promote the

natural growth towards Jharsuguda this is the time to take call on promoting

connectivity through local trains or Road public transport. There is also a need to

draft policy regarding the land conversion on the corridor connecting the two cities.

• Utilizing the potential of catchments area of Hira Kund Dam for tourism development:

As there is huge area down stream of dam in Sambalpur city one can promote river

front development. This can act as the tourist destination for Sambalpur.

• Promote art and culture: As evident the art and culture is getting lost in and around

the city therefore it of prime importance to promote and provide platform to this

distinct art and culture.

• Improvement of real estate by providing policies favorable to it: As fast as city is

getting urbanized there is an immediate need to provide a boost to the Real estate

sector.

• Introducing new educational hubs: As of now Burla is the educational hub for

Sambalpur and most of the people migrate out for the higher studies. Sambalpur can

become an educational hub by providing Technical and non-technical universities

and also institute providing training and workshop for developing local art, culture and

craft.

• Connecting the city by Air (providing the Airport): The only airport which connects

Sambalpur is in Bhuvaneshwar which is 300 Km away and takes 6 Hours to reach

and another is in Raipur in Chattisgargh which almost 8 to 9 hours away. It is felt

there is an immense need to provide airport to the city as the vision suggest the city

will be a global city in fact there is an airstrip, which can be used to develop as an

airport.

• Promoting Cluster Based Activities :The key economic activities that have potential

for growth in Sambalpur are agro based trade, small-scale industry, Art and Local

craft . A cluster-based approach should be adopted by allocating land and

infrastructure at appropriate places. Right kind of incentives and support should be

provided.



CHAPTER 11. City Investment Plan

The city investment plan has covered the key infrastructure areas of water supply, sewerage

and sanitation, storm water drains, solid waste management, traffic and transportation,

disaster mitigation mechanisms and slum development and urban poverty reduction.

Practical and strategic gender needs are addressed in the project. The lack of basic

infrastructure services especially water and sanitation have a more negative impact on

women. Better access to and coverage of water supply and sanitation, improved markets,

roads and environmental sanitation will benefit women , who are especially disadvantaged

by inadequate basic services. The project envisages the integration of gender concerns in all

sectors, the development and implementation of gender action plans and separate funds for

women development programmes as articulated in the City Development Plan. The

participation of women will be ensured at all levels.

11.1. Investment Plan Sambalpur City The total city investment plan (CIP) for the city is expected to be Rs. 364 crores. Nearly 75%

of the total funds are allocated for water supply, sewerage, storm water drains .The detail is

given in table below.

Table 11.1 Allocation of funds for CIP

Sector Amount (Rs Crores) % To Total

Water Supply 145.50 40

Sewerage and Sanitation 80.00 21.99

Storm Water Drains 26.50 7.28

Solid Waste Management 26.00 7.14

Traffic and Transportation

32.75 9

Slum Development and Urban Poverty Reduction

39.75 10.92

Disaster management 4.25 1.16

Gender development 2.00 .55

Environment 7.00 1.92

Total City Investment Plan

364 100



11.1.1 Financing Arrangement for Sambalpur It is expected that the JBIC would contrubute around Rs 240 crores while the remaining 518

crores could come from UIDSSMT scheme.

Table 11.2 Agencies considered for Contribution of funds

Agency Infrastructure (Rs cr)

JBIC and other sources 240 UIDSSMT 124 ULB/ parastatal/ Pvt (10 percent of Rs 124 crores) State (10 percent of Rs 124 crores)

24.80

GoI (80 percent of Rs124crores) 99.20 Total 364

11.1.2 Implementation mechanism for CDP The ULB with support from SUDA should set up a CDP monitoring committee comprising of

1-15 members from elected representatives, officials from key departments and civil society

members. The Committee should be headed by the Chairperson.

The city should establish a CDP cell comprising of 3 or 4 senior officials from the ULB to act

as the Secretariat for the CDP monitoring committee.

The city with support from Housing and Urban Development Department should set up a

Project Implementation Unit (PIU) to implement CDP as well as reforms under the

UIDSSMT.

The city should organize a donor consultation to disseminate the CDP and mobilize resources. 11.2. Identified projects in each sectors and Roles of responsibilities of institutions for implementing the projects proposed under City Investment Plan 11.2.1. Water Supply Table 11.3 Investment Plan and institution responsibility for Water Supply Project name Project components Amount

(Rs Crores)

Institution responsible

Remarks

Water sector reforms

Simplification of procedures, asset Management through

1.50 PHEO Newly proposed under CDP



GIS, MIS center, communication strategy, Capacity building Program, grievance redressal system etc.

Master plan preparation

Preparation of a comprehensive master plan integrated with GIS.

0.50 PHEO/OWSSB Newly proposed under CDP

NRW reduction Leak detection Study and measures, equipments, meetering


Energy audit Detailed Study and measures


Short term improvement plan

Extension of pipeline network to uncovered wards

10.00 PHEO Submitted under UIDSSMT

Construction of service reservoirs 30ML

5.00 PHEO Long term improvement plan 24X7 water supply

3 phase 126.00 PHEO

Proposed under JBIC funding

Total 145.50 11.2.2 Sewerage Table 11.4 Investment Plan and institution responsibility for Sewerage

Project name Project components

Amount (Rs Crores)

Institution responsibility

Remarks


Preparation of a comprehensive master plan

0.50 PHEO/OWSSB Newly proposed under CDP

Public awareness and communication

Designing and implementing strategies and campaigns

0.50 OWSSB Newly proposed under CDP

Comprehensive sewerage system

100% coverage of sewerage network

65.00 OWSSB Submitted under JBIC Bank Scheme

Sewerage Treatment Plan

Design and construction

6.00 OWSSB Submitted under JBIC Bank Scheme

Recycle and reuse of water

Treatment plant and distribution system

8.00 OWSSB Newly proposed under CDP

Total 80.00



11.2.4. Storm Water Drainage Table 11.5 Investment Plan and institution responsibility for Storm Water Drainage


Amount (Rs Crores)


Remarks



0.50 Water Resources Department and Works Department

Newly proposed under CDP





In all the drains 2.50 Water Resources Department and Works Department

De-silting and removal of weeds

All Natural Drains 2.50 Water Resources Department and Works Department


Up gradation and rehabilitation of all primary drains

Construction of sidewalls, closing/covering, lining etc.


Submitted under UIDSSMT

Construction of pucca drains

Along all roads where no drainage system or kutcha



Total 26.50

11.2.5. Solid Waste Management Table 11.6 Investment Plan and institution responsibility for SWM


Amount (Rs Crores)


Remarks

Improving collection system

Designing and implementing

1.50 SM Proposed under 12th Finance



strategy for door-to-door collection, source segregation, collection bins

Commission



0.50 SM Proposed under 12th Finance Commission

Secondary Collection & Transportation

Vehicle Tracking System, Vehicle Fleet, Transfer Station


Setting up waste processing facility

Vermi-composting


Sanitary landfill facility

Construction and land development


Total 26.00

11.2.6. Traffic and Transportation Table 11.7 Investment Plan and institution responsibility for Traffic & Transportation


Amount (Rs Crores)

Institution responsibil

ity

Remarks

Master plan Preparation of comprehensive master plan

0.75 Works Department

(R&B Division)


Construction/upgradation of roads

100% coverage of pucca roads


(R&B Division)

Under UIDSSMT

Signals and junction improvements

Designing and implementing strategies

5.00 SM Newly proposed under CDP

Construction of flyovers

At identified places


(R&B Division)


Street lights As per standards 100% coverage




Public transport Construction of bus bays, vehicle fleet, Electronic Tempo Transit system with in the city etc.


Parking spaces Terminals/complexes


Pedestrian safety

Crossing facilities, foot paths


Total 32.75 11.2.7. Slum Development and Poverty Reduction Table 11.8 Investment Plan and institution responsibility for Slum Development & Poverty Reduction

Project name Project components Amount (Rs

Crores)


Remarks

Slum and Poverty

data base

Comprehensive

survey and data base

including

computerization,

mapping etc.

0.75 SM Newly

proposed

under CDP

Basic services Water supply,

sanitation, roads etc.

12.00 SM Newly

proposed

under CDP

Housing Pucca housing both

insitu and relocation

20.00 SM Proposed

under IHSDP

Community

development

Developing

community

structures,

participation,

awareness

1.00 SM Newly

proposed

under CDP

Livelihood strategy Training and income

generating activities

1.00 SM Newly

proposed

under CDP

Social Health education, 5.00 SM Newly



infrastructure town halls etc. proposed

under CDP

Total 39.75

11.2.8. Disaster Management Table 11.9 Investment Plan and institution responsibility for Disaster Management


Amount (Rs Crores)


Remarks

Disaster Management Plan

Equipment and machinery

1.00 SM Under UNDP

Relief and Rehabilitation

Control rooms, shelters, consumables etc..


Training and capacity building

Officials, NGOs, CBOs


Total 4.25 11.2.9. Gender Development Table 11.10 Investment Plan and institution responsibility for Gender Development Project name Project

components Amount (Rs

Crores) Institution

responsibilityRemarks

Developing tools and guidelines

Gender planning and budgeting





Total 2.00 11.2.10 Environment Table 11.11 Investment Plan and institution responsibility for Environment


Amount (Rs Crores)


Remarks

Preservation of water bodies -I

Cleaning and removing weeds

2.50 SM Under UIDSSMT

Preservation of water bodies -II

Cleaning and removing weeds

2.50 SM Under UIDSSMT






Conservation of Ground water

Rain Water Harvesting


Conservation of Reserve Forest

Improving as Zoological Park and Botanical Park


Total 7.00

Projects having potential of PPPs

The following projects have the potential for PPPs

1 NRW reduction 2 Recycle and reuse of waste water

Community toilets 3 Improving collection system for Solid Waste

Secondary Collection & Transportation for Solid Waste Setting up waste processing facility Sanitary landfill facility

4 Signals and junction improvements Construction of flyovers O&M of Street lights Public transport – construction of bus bays, etc. Parking spaces

5 Relief and rehabilitation



11.3.1 The strategic action plan for water supply is given below: Table 11.12 Strategic Action Plan for Water Supply

11.3.2 The strategic action plan for sewerage is given below: Table 11.13 Strategic Action Plan for Sewerage


2008-09

2009-10

2010-11

2011-12

2012-13

2013-14

Master plan Preparation of √ √

Project name

Project components

2008-09

2009-10

2010-11

2011-12

2012-13

2013-14


Simplification of procedures, asset Management through GIS, MIS center, communication strategy, Capacity building Program, grievance redressal system etc.

√ √



√ √

NRW reduction

Leak detection Study and measures, equipments, meetering

√ √ √ √ √


√ √ √



√ √ √

Long term improvement plan


√ √

24X7 water supply 3 phase

√ √ √ √ √



preparation a comprehensive master plan



√ √ √



√ √ √ √ √



√ √ √



√ √ √

11.3.3 The strategic action plan for Storm Water Drainage is given below: Table 11.14 Strategic Action Plan for Drainage Project name Project

components 2008-

09 2009-

10 2010-

11 2011-

12 2012-

13 2013-

14 Master plan preparation


√ √ √



√ √ √

In all the drains √ √ √ √ De-silting and removal of weeds

All Natural Drains

√ √ √ √



√ √ √ √ √ √



√ √ √

11.3.4 The strategic action plan for solid waste management is given below:



Table 11.15 Strategic Action Plan for Solid Waste Management Project name Project

components 2008-

09 2009-

10 2010-

11 2011-

12 2012-

13 2013-

14

Improving

collection

system

Designing and

implementing

strategy for

door-to-door

collection,

source

segregation,

collection bins

√ √ √ √ √ √

Public

awareness and

communication

Designing and

implementing

strategies and

campaigns

√ √ √ √ √

Secondary

Collection &

Transportation

Vehicle

Tracking

System,

Vehicle Fleet,

Transfer

Station

√ √ √

Setting up

waste

processing

facility

Vermi-

composting

√ √ √

Sanitary landfill

facility

Construction

and land

development

√ √ √

11.3.5 The strategic action plan for Traffic and transportation is given below: Table 11.16 Strategic Action Plan for Traffic & Transportation


2008-09

2009-10

2010-11

2011-12

2012-13

2013-14


√ √ √



Construction/upgradation of roads


√ √ √ √ √ √

Signals and junction improvements

Designing and implementing strategies

√ √ √

Construction of flyovers At identified places √ √ √ Street lights As per standards

100% coverage √ √ √ √ √ √


√ √ √ √

Parking spaces Terminals/complexes √ √ √ √ √ √ Pedestrian safety Crossing facilities,

foot paths √ √ √ √

11.3.6 The strategic action plan for Slum Development and Poverty Reduction is given below: Table 11.17 Strategic Action Plan for Slum Development & Poverty Reduction Project name Project

components 2008-

09 2009-

10 2010-

11 2011-

12 2012-

13 2013-

14

Slum and

Poverty data

base

Comprehensive

survey and data

base including

computerization,

mapping etc.

√ √ √

Basic services Water supply,

sanitation, roads

etc.

√ √ √ √ √ √

Housing Pucca housing

both insitu and

relocation

√√ √ √ √ √ √

Community

development

Developing

community

structures,

participation,

awareness

√ √ √



Livelihood

strategy

Training and

income

generating

activities

√ √ √ √

Social

infrastructure

Health

education, town

halls etc.

√ √ √ √ √ √

11.3.7 The strategic action plan for Disaster Management is given below: Table 11.18 Strategic Action Plan for Disaster Management Project name Project

components 2008-

09 2009-

10 2010-

11 2011-

12 2012-

13 2013-

14

Disaster

Management

Plan

Equipment

and machinery √ √ √

Relief and

Rehabilitation

Control rooms,

shelters,

consumables

etc..

√ √ √ √

Training and

capacity

building

Officials,

NGOs, CBOs √ √ √

11.3.8 The strategic action plan for gender development is given below: Table 11.19 Strategic Action Plan for Gender Development Project name Project

components 2008-

09 2009-

10 2010-

11 2011-

12 2012-

13 2013-

14

Developing

tools and

guidelines

Gender

planning and

budgeting

√ √ √

Training and

capacity

building

Officials,

NGOs, CBOs √ √ √ √



11.3.9 The strategic action plan for environment is given below: Table 11.20 Strategic Action Plan for Environment Project name Project

components 2008-

09 2009-

10 2010-

11 2011-

12 2012-

13 2013-

14

Preservation of

water bodies -I

Cleaning and

removing

weeds

√ √ √

Preservation of

water bodies -II

Cleaning and

removing

weeds

√ √ √

Training and

capacity

building

Officials,

NGOs, CBOs

√ √ √

Conservation

of Ground

water

Rain Water

Harvesting √ √ √ √

Conservation

of Reserve

Forest

Improving as

Zoological

Park and

Botanical Park

√ √

11.4. City investment plan year wise (Rs. in Crores) Table 11.21 City Investment Plan

2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14

Total Investment

126.15 102.60 67.05 36.35 22.60 6.20

11.4.1 City investment plan year wise water supply (Rs. in Crores) Table 11.22 City Investment Plan for Water Supply Project name Project

components 2008-

09 2009-

10 2010-

11 2011-

12 2012-

13 2014-

14 Total


Simplification of procedures, asset

.75 .75 1.50



Management through GIS, MIS center, communication strategy, Capacity building Program, grievance redressal system etc.



.25 .25 .50

NRW reduction

Leak detection Study and measures, equipments, meetering

.50 .50 .25 .25 1.50


.50 .25 .25 1.00



5.00 3.00 2.00 10.00

Long term improvement plan


2.5 2.5 5.00

24X7 water supply 3 phase

50.00 30.00 20.00 10.00 10.00 120.00

Total 59.50 36.75 22.50 10.25 10.00 169.00 11.4.2. City investment plan year wise sewerage (Rs. in Crores) Table 11.23 City Investment Plan for Sewerage Project name Project

components 2008-

09 2009-

10 2010-

11 2011-

12 2012-

13 2014-

14 Total


Preparation of comprehensive

.25 .25 .50



master plan Public awareness and communication


.20 .20 .10 .50



25.00 25.00 10.00 5.00 65.00



3.00 2.00 1.00 6.00



4.00 2.00 2.00 8.00

Total 25.45 28.45 16.10 8.00 2.00 80.00 11.4.3. City investment plan year wise storm water drainage (Rs. in Crores) Table 11.24 City Investment Plan for Storm Water Drainage Project name Project

components 2008-

09 2009-

10 2010-

11 2011-

12 2012-

13 2014-

14 Total



.20 .20 .10 .50



.20 .20 .10 .50

In all the drains 1.00 1.00 .25 .25 2.50 De-silting and removal of weeds

All Natural Drains

1.00 1.00 .25 .25 2.50



3.00 3.00 2.00 2.00 1.00 1.00 12.00



4.00 2.50 2.00 8.50

Total 9.40 7.90 4.90 2.50 1.00 1.00 26.50 11.4.4. City investment plan year wise solid waste management (Rs. in Crores)



Table 11.25 City Investment Plan for Solid Waste Management Project name Project

components 2008-

09 2009-

10 2010-

11 2011-

12 2012-

13 2014-

14 Total

Improving collection system

Designing and implementing strategy for door-to-door collection, source segregation, collection bins

.50 .25 .25 .20 .20 .10 1.50



.20 .10 .10 .05 .05 .50

Secondary Collection & Transportation

Vehicle Tracking System, Vehicle Fleet, Transfer Station

2.00 3.00 1.50 6.50

Setting up waste processing facility

Vermi-composting

2.00 1.00 .50 3.50

Sanitary landfill facility

Construction and land development

5.00 5.00 4.00 14.00

Total 2.70 5.35 7.85 5.75 4.25 .10 26.00 11.4.5. City investment plan year wise Traffic and Transportation (Rs. in Crores) Table 11.26 City Investment Plan for Traffic and Transportation


2008-09

2009-10

2010-11

2011-12

2012-13

2013-14

Total


.25 .25 .25 .75

Construction/ upgradation of roads


3.00 3.00 3.00 2.00 .50 .50 12.00

Signals and junction Designing and 2.00 2.00 1.00 5.00



improvements implementing strategies

Construction of flyovers

At identified places

3.00 2.00 1.00 6.00

Street lights As per standards 100% coverage

1.50 .50 .50 .50 .50 .50 4.00


2.00 1.00 .25 .25 4.00

Parking spaces Terminals/complexes

.40 .20 .10 .10 .10 .10 1.00

Pedestrian safety Crossing facilities, foot paths

2.00 .50 .25 .25 3.50

Total 12.15 10.45 7.10 3.10 1.35 1.10 36.2 11.4.6. City investment plan year wise Slum development and Poverty Reduction (Rs. in Crores) Table 11.27 City Investment Plan for Slum development & Poverty Reduction Project name Project

components 2008-

09 2009-

10 2010-

11 2011-

12 2012-

13 2014-

14 Total

Slum and

Poverty data

base

Comprehensive

survey and data

base including

computerization,

mapping etc.

.25 .25 .25 .75

Basic

services

Water supply,

sanitation, roads

etc.

3.00 3.00 2.00 2.00 1.00 1.00 12.00

Housing Pucca housing

both insitu and

relocation

5.00 5.00 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 20.00

Community

development

Developing

community

.50 .25 .25 1.00



structures,

participation,

awareness

Livelihood

strategy

Training and

income

generating

activities

.25 .25 .25 .25 1.00

Social

infrastructure

Health

education, town

halls etc.

2.50 .50 .50 .50 .50 .50 5.00

Total 11.50 9.25 5.75 5.25 4.00 4.00 39.75

11.4.7. City investment plan year wise Disaster Management (Rs. in Crores) Table 11.28 City Investment Plan for Disaster Management Project name Project

components 2008-

09 2009-

10 2010-

11 2011-

12 2012-

13 2014-

14 Total

Disaster

Management

Plan

Equipment

and

machinery

.50 .25 .25 1.00

Relief and

Rehabilitation

Control

rooms,

shelters,

consumables

etc..

1.50 .50 .25 .25 2.50

Training and

capacity

building

Officials,

NGOs, CBOs

.25 .25 .25 .75

Total 2.25 1.00 .75 .25 4.25

11.4.8. City investment plan year wise Gender Development (Rs. in Crores) Table 11.29 City Investment Plan for Gender Development Project name Project

components 2008-

09 2009-

10 2010-

11 2011-

12 2012-

13 2014-

14 Total

Developing Gender .50 .25 .25 1.00



tools and

guidelines

planning and

budgeting

Training and

capacity

building

Officials,

NGOs, CBOs

.25 .25 .25 .25 2.00

Total .75 .50 .50 .25 2.00

Total 5.00

11.4.9. City investment plan year wise Environment (Rs. in Crores) Table 11.30 City Investment Plan for Environment Project name Project

components 2008-

09 2009-

10 2010-

11 2011-

12 2012-

13 2013-

14 Total

Preservation

of water

bodies -I

Cleaning and

removing

weeds

1.50 .50 .50 2.50

Preservation

of water

bodies -II

Cleaning and

removing

weeds

1.50 .50 .50 2.50

Training and

capacity

building

Officials,

NGOs, CBOs

.20 .20 .10 .50

Conservation

of Ground

water

Rain Water

Harvesting

.50 .50 .50 .50 2.00

Conservation

of Reserve

Forest

Improving as

Zoological

Park and

Botanical

Park

.25 .25 1.00

Total 2.45 2.95 1.60 1.00 6.00



11.5 FINANCIAL OPERATING PLAN The Financial Operating Plan (FOP) is a forecast of finances of the Urban Local Bodies

(ULBs), generated for a short-medium term or long-term period. FOP for Short-term period is

prepared for 5 to 7 years, and for long-term period is prepared for 20 years. However FOP

prepared for short term period of 5 years or medium term period of 7 years, shows the

forecast of finances accurately. However in this assignment, the FOP is generated for

medium-term of 6 years, as the mission period of UIDSSMT is 6 years. This CDP document

would be utilized for accessing the financial assistance from UIDSSMT for 6 years, i.e., from

2008-09 to 2013-14.

The FOPs are financial forecast of an ULB developed after taking into account the growth

trends of various components of income and expenditure, and is based on the time-series

data. While forecasting the finances of the ULB several assumptions need to be made.

Assumptions are done on the basis of current growth trends, contribution pattern of various

revenue sources and utilization pattern of various expenditure heads. The following section

provides an insight into the various assumptions made, necessary logic and justifications for

such assumptions.

11.5.1 CAPITAL INVESTMENT PLAN The Capital Investment Plan (CIP) is a scheduling of Investments for public physical

improvement for a certain number of years in future. The scheduling of the plan is based on

analysis of fiscal resources available for new investment and O&M, technical capacity for

construction and O&M, and the choice of improvements to be taken up over a period of 6

years into the future.

Accordingly, the CIP for infrastructure services in Sambalpur Municipality has been

formulated. Phasing of the investments is also worked out considering the need for the

service and the sustainability of its investments, which forms part of the FOP. The CIP is an

integral part of the FOP and the CIP provides essential inputs in terms of capital

transactions. The Capital Investment Plan involved the identification of public capital facilities

to cater to the demands of the city populace during different stages as per the requirement of

various urban services. The steps adopted in capital investment requirement and formulating

the CIP is: project identification, project screening and prioritization, project phasing.

11.5.2 CAPITAL INVESTMENT ESTIMATE, CIP AND PHASING The estimated sector-wise investment required for the mission period (2008-09 to 2013-14)

is furnished in the table given below:



Sectors Amount (Rs

Crores)

% To Total

Water Supply 145.50 40

Sewerage and Sanitation 80.00 21.99

Storm Water Drains 26.50 7.28

Solid Waste Management 26.00 7.14

Traffic and Transportation 32.75 9

Slum Development and Urban Poverty Reduction 39.75 10.92

Disaster management 4.25 1.16

Gender development 2.00 .55

Environment 7.00 1.92

Total City Investment Plan 364 100

Proposed Sector wise Capital Utilisation

40%

22%7%

7%

9%11% 1%1%2%

Water Supply

Sewerage and Sanitation

Storm Water Drains

Solid Waste Management

Traffic and Transportation

Slum Development andUrban Poverty ReductionDisaster management

Gender development

Environment



It can be seen from the above table and chart that highest utilization of about 40 percent of

capital investment estimate is envisaged for the Water Supply. Sewerage and Sanitation is

other major sectors with an envisaged utilization of 22 percent. The next two major sectors

with highest utilization are Traffic and Transportation and Slum Development and Urban

Poverty Reduction, with estimate of 9 percent and 11 percent respectively. All other sectors

together utilized about 18 percent in which major share being planned for Storm Water

Drains and Solid Waste Management. The others are Disaster management, Environment,

Social Development, and Gender development.

The Capital Investment Plan (CIP) has been prepared for a period of 6 years (FY 2008-09 to

FY 2013-14). The phasing has been worked out based on the priorities assigned by the

stakeholders and preparedness of the service providing agencies to prepare the DPR and

initiate implementation of the proposals.

The following chart provides an insight into the year-wise utilization of the capital during the

Plan period:

Year wise Capital Utilisation

34.86%

28.46%

18.50%

10.05%6.21%

1.92%0.00%5.00%

10.00%15.00%20.00%25.00%30.00%35.00%40.00%

2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14

Year

Perc

enta

ge U

tilis

atio

n

Series1

The objective of this section is to evaluate the investment sustenance capacity of Sambalpur

Municipality with reference to the identified projects given in CIP. The FOP generated under

is in full consonance with City's Vision & approach to development and priorities and action

plans approved by the stakeholders.

11.5.3 BASE AND BASIS The FOP has been prepared to assess the investment sustaining capacity of the Sambalpur

Municipality, in which the fiscal situation is simulated through a Financial Operating Plan



(FOP). The FOP is essentially a multi-year forecast of finances for a term of 6 years. It is

used to forecast all income and expenditure for the period between FY 2008-09 and FY

2013-14. The following paragraphs provide important considerations towards simulating the

fiscal situation of the Sambalpur Municipality:

Following are important considerations towards simulating the fiscal situation of the

Sambalpur Municipality, and include both existing and new resources.

11.5.4 KEY ASSUMPTIONS In forecasting the income and expenditure following are the key assumptions for the

Sambalpur Municipality:

Basic Assumptions of Sambalpur Municipality

SL.

No Particulars Basic/ Current Average

A Receipt

1 Rates and Receipt 20%

2 Licence and other fees 17%

3 Receipts under special Acts 9%

4 Revenue apart from taxation 16%

5 Grants and contribution 20%

6 Miscelleneous 11%

7 Extraordinary & debts 80%

B Expenditure

1 General Administration 11%



2 Collection of taxes & fees 4%

3 Pensions & Gratuities 27%

4 Public Safety 25%

5 Public Health 17%

6 Medical 5%

7 Public Convenience 22%

8 Public Institution 7%

9 Miscelleneous 15%

10 Extra Ordinary & Debts 3%

C Capital Structuring

1

Capital Grant/GOI

As per UIDSSMT

Guidelines

Rs. In Lakh

Heads of Receipt 2008-09 2009-10 2010-

2011 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14

Opening Balance 33 114 294 638 1,258 2,350

Receipt

Rates and Receipt 52 62 75 90 107 129



Licence and other fees 71 84 98 115 134 157

Receipts under special

Acts 1 1 1 1 1 1

Revenue apart from

taxation 54 63 73 85 98 114

Grants and contribution 1,371 1,597 1,859 2,187 2,603 3,103

Miscelleneous 212 235 261 290 322 357

Extraordinary & debts 94 168 303 546 983 1,769

Total Receipt 1,855 2,210 2,670 3,312 4,248 5,629

1,888 2,324 2,964 3,950 5,505 7,979

Expenditure

General Administration 68 72 76 80 88 95

Collection of taxes &

fees 39 41 42 44 46 47

Pensions & Gratuities 90 114 145 184 233 296

Public Safety 99 123 154 193 241 301

Public Health 496 580 678 794 929 1,087

Medical 19 20 21 22 24 25

Public Convenience 508 568 634 728 866 1,035

Public Institution 103 110 118 126 135 145



Miscelleneous 316 363 417 480 552 635

Extra Ordinary & Debts 37 39 40 41 42 43

Total Expenditure 1,774 2,030 2,326 2,692 3,155 3,709

Closing Balance 114 294 638 1,258 2,350 4,269



City Development Plan


Documents

City Development Plan for Sambalpur City