Cisco Small Cell Architecture spectrum analyzer BandSelect •Optimizes RF utilization ... BAC Radio HW Radio Stack RMS Client (TR069, CMHS) SP NMS SP OSS DMZ LB/ SSL Mgmt

© 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Connect 1 1 © 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Small Cell Architecture

Patrice Nivaggioli

CSE, SP EMEAR

Dubrovnik, Croatia, South East Europe

20-22 May, 2013

Agenda • Small Cell Solution Overview

• Unified WLAN Access Network

• Intelligent Core

• Inter-Access Mobility

Addressing Exponential Growth of Traffic

3

Macro 2G/3G/4G

Business Community Consumer

Wi-Fi

Licensed

Ubiquitous

Coverage

High Bandwidth

Small Cells (Licensed/Unlicensed) is the answer to increase bpHz/m2

Overall Capacity Increase not Keeping Pace with Data Demand

1000

100

10

1

1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015

Gro

wth

Source: Agilent

Spectrum

Macro

Capacity

18x

Growth

ATTRACTIVE

ECONOMICS

OF OFFLOAD

GROWTH IN

MOBILE DATA

LACK OF

SPECTRUM

WI-FI

UBIQUITOUS

IN DEVICES

BIG SHIFT

TO INDOOR

CONSUMPTIO

N

Small Cell Market Drivers

High-growth Wi-Fi opportunities

are attracting intense competition

© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Connect 5

Cisco’s Small Cell solutions for SPs • Flexible Radio Technology

Small Cells: Wi-Fi/Licensed/Converged APs to increase Coverage and Capacity

• Seamless Mobility

Next Generation Hotspots (NGH) transforms Wi-Fi resulting in mobile like authentication, roaming

• Common Service, Control

Cisco Mobile Packet Core (MPC) to monetize (policy, roaming, analytics, advertising, etc…)

• Access Agnostic Services

GTPv2/PMIPv6 architecture for IP service continuity across access networks (Wi-Fi/3G/4G)

Cisco 3G Small Cell for Aironet

Cisco Small Cell Architecture

Wireless Controller Cisco 8510

Small Cell Gateway

3G/4G Core

Subscriber/ MNO Gateway Cisco ASR1000

SON QNS POLICY

Cisco ASR 5x00

Cisco 3G Small Cells Enterprise and Home

Cisco Aironet Wi-Fi Indoor & Outdoor

Internet

PROVISIONING CISCO PRIME

© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Connect 7 © 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Connect 7 7 © 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Unified WLAN Access


Management

Controllers

Access

Points

Mobility

Services

Prime

WLC

SP Wi-Fi Access Components

RF Intelligence Helps Service Providers Deliver High-Quality Service over Wi-Fi

ClientLink

• Up to 87% throughput improvement

• 20% range increase

• Tested & validated by

Beamforming: focusing RF energy

towards clients

CleanAir

• Automatically mitigate impact of

wireless interference

• Self-healing, optimization

• Network-wide visibility

Silicon-based spectrum analyzer

BandSelect

• Optimizes RF utilization

• Frees up 2.4GHz space for single band

clients

AP-assisted 5Ghz band selection

• Higher user density

10 © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

What is Clientlink Technology?

Silicon-level intelligence that focuses DL RF energy (Beamforming) directly to 802.11a/g clients

Higher Signal Strength ► Higher Throughput (up to 85%)

Higher Signal Strength ► More Range (~20%)

w/o Clientlink w/ Clientlink

DL: Downlink

11 © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

What is CleanAir Technology? Silicon-level intelligence to automatically mitigate the impact of

wireless interference, optimize network performance and reduce troubleshooting costs

Classification processed on Access Point

Interference impact and data sent to WLC for real-time action

WCS and MSE store data for location, history, and troubleshooting


600 Mbps

450 Mbps

802.11

1999 2003 2007

2 Mbps

11 Mbps

802.11b

54 Mbps

802.11ag

24 Mbps

300 Mbps

65 Mbps

802.11n

6900 Mbps

1300 Mbps

870 Mbps

290 Mbps

6900 Mbps

3500* Mbps

1730* Mbps

290 Mbps

2013

Wave 1

802.11ac

2014

Wave 2

802.11ac

* Assumes 160 MHz channel width is available and usable

802.11n 802.11ac

Band 2.4GHz & 5.0GHz 5.0GHz only

PHY Rate 65 Mbps – 600 Mbps 290 Mbps – 6.9 Gbps

MAC

Throughput 45 Mbps – 420 Mbps 194 Mbps – 4.8 Gbps

Spatial Streams 4 8

Modulation 64 QAM 256 QAM

Channel Width 20 or 40 MHz 20, 40, 80, *80+80, 160

MHz 1

Spatial

Streams

3

Spatial

Streams

8

Spatial

Streams

Key benefits:

• Increased speed

• Improved battery life

Gig

ab

it E

the

rne

t U

pli

nk

2 G

igab

it E

thern

et

Up

lin

ks

The move to 802.11ac

High density Wi-Fi for Connected Stadium Ability to scale to support extreme capacities

• Superbowl XLV had 942 indoor and outdoor Wi-Fi AP’s deployed around stadium

• Over 15,000 unique devices connected to the network

• High gain directional antennas used with beam width of 36 degrees used to provide small cell coverage

• With 3,000,000 sqft of coverage, average “cell size” approached 3000 sqft

Cisco 3G Small Cell Module for Aironet Power/Backhaul/Real Estate Solved

Rapid-deployment licensed small cell addition to SP Wi-Fi

Fully integrated, high performance, low cost 3G small cell for voice, data

and messaging services: • Reduced network costs and

operations with integrated design

• Reduced CapEx through reuse of Ethernet connection and power cabling

• Install, power-up and go with zero touch configuration

• Secure, carrier-grade 3G base station technology

• Standards-based, operating as Home Node B in the standard 3GPP Architecture for small cells, with the specified Iuh interface

Cisco 3600 Aironet

Cisco 3G Small Cell Module for

Aironet


RESIDENTIAL SMB ENTERPRISE MICRO CELL VENUE METRO CELL

POWER ≤20mW 7-13dBm

≤100mW 17-20dBm

≤250mW 20-24dBm

≤250mW 20-24dBm

≤2W 24-33dBm

≤5W 33-37dBm

USERS 4-8 Users 1 Node/site

8-16 Users 1 Node/Site

16-32+ Users 1-10,10+

Node/Site

16-32+ Users 1-10/10+

Node/Site

32-64+ Users 1 Node/Site

64-128 Users 1 Node/Site

ACCESS Closed Closed/Open Open/Hybrid Open Open Open

HAND OVER Hand Out Hand Out,

SC2SC Hand In/Out,

SC2SC Hand In/Out,

SC2SC Hand In/Out,

SC2SC Hand In/Out,

SC2SC

SON Distributed/Hy

brid Hybrid

Hybrid (w/ group mgmnt)

Hybrid (Macro

integration)

Hybrid (Macro

Integration)

BACKHAUL internet Internet/Mana

ged Internet/Mana

ged Internet/Mana

ged Internet

Other Other

PROVISIONING TR-069 TR-069 TR-069

(w/ group mgmnt)

TR-069 (w/ group mgmnt)

TR-069 Other

TR-069 Other

Hybrid (w/ group mgmnt)

GUEST PRESENCE GUEST ACCESS GUEST EXPERIENCE

Cisco Connected Mobile Experiences Three Stages to Engagement on WLAN

Mobile device detection, registration

Seamless, secure Wi-Fi onboarding

Location-based content and services

ENGAGE DETECT CONNECT


Which area did people spend time at? Peak times in the store? New or repeat customers?

Most frequently used paths in the venue % of shoppers who walk by without entering

Mobility Service Engine Analytics


Mobility Service Engine Mobile Billboard

Billboard Management Platform

WLAN

Guests inside Wi-Fi Hotspot Marketing Dept

New Web Browser

Experience

Value-added services first

then hyper local ads Real-time, Web-based,

Easy-to-use


Transforming Visitor Experience with Personalized, Managed Wi-Fi

Seamless Handoff from 3G/4G

to Wi-Fi Using AT&T WISPr

Client or HotSpot 2.0

Download Fernbank App

Local Services

50% DOWNLOAD COMPLETE Network Services Discovery

on the Device Local Services Discovery Application Downloaded

3G

Personalized Application JESSICA_

Personalized Tour Guide

Hi, I am Jack.

I’ll be your tour

guide today.

Hear that Roar? Context-Based Information

based on Visitor Location

View Note Card

You are now in the

Great Room. See how

the Giganotosaurus

lived millions of

years ago!

Continue

Turn by Turn navigation

based on Location

Please Follow

Route to find NatureQuest

Context-Based Information

based on Visitor Location

• Business Intelligence • Promotions • Analytics • Social Networking


Intelligent Core Architecture

Cisco 3G Small Cell for Aironet

Cisco Licensed Small Cell and SP Wi-Fi Architecture

Wireless Controller Cisco 8510

Small Cell Gateway

3G/4G Core

Subscriber/ MNO Gateway Cisco ASR1000

SON QNS POLICY

Cisco ASR 5x00

Cisco 3G Small Cells Enterprise and Home

Cisco Aironet Wi-Fi Indoor & Outdoor

Internet

CISCO RMS PROVISIONING CISCO PRIME


Cisco SP Wi-Fi Architecture Overview Hotspots/Metro and Residential Wi-Fi

ISG

Internet

AAA / DB / HLR

WLC AP

CAPWAP

DHCP / DNS

SN

MP

/ S

OA

P

RADIUS / CoA

CMTS RG

Service Flow

Subscriber

Sessions

Subscriber

Services

SIGTRAN

Prime Infrastructure Mobility Service Engine

QNS Policy (AAA / PCRF / Portal)


Cisco SP Wi-Fi Architecture Overview MPC/EPC Interworking

Internet

AAA / DB / HLR QNS Policy (AAA /

PCRF / Portal)

WLC AP

Prime Infrastructure Mobility Service Engine

CAPWAP

DHCP / DNS

SN

MP

/ S

OA

P

RADIUS / CoA

CMTS RG

Service Flow

iWAG

GGSN/PGW

GTPv1, PMIPv6, GTPv2*

ETHoGRE or PMIPv6

Subscriber

Sessions

Subscriber

Services

SIGTRAN


ASR5K Small Cell Gateway Combined SeGW/HNBGW • Integrated SeGW (Optional)

NAT and Firewall Traversal

Multiple authentication (X.509 & EAP-SIM/AKA)

DHCP or IP Pools for IP address allocation

• HNBGW Features

3GPP R9 Standard compliance (Iuh, Iu over IP or ATM)

Full idle and active mode mobility

Open/Closed/Hybrid access mode

Intelligent Paging

Iu Flex for multi CN connectivity

• Future Capabilities

3GPP R10 compliance

Feature integration (SGSN/GGSN, PDG)

Iurh Support

Presence/Location Service API (XMPP interface)

Enterprise integration

Intern

et

MSC

S/GGS

N

Internet

Iuh o

ver

IPS

ec

AAA

EMS

HNB

HLR


Small Cell Solution (SCS) 1.0 Reference Solution Architecture – Shipping Today

RMS

RAN

AP

Registration, Activation, Care: XML/HTTP

CAR

CNR

DCC

UI

Upload

Server

CMHS

BAC

Radio HW

Radio Stack

RMS Client (TR069, CMHS)

SP NMS

SP OSS

DMZ

LB/

SSL

Mgmt

over

TLS

TR-069

HTTP

XMPP

AAA / RADIUS

Whitelists

Alarms

& KPIs

DHCP

SeGW

HNB-GW

ASR 5000

NTP

Provided by

Operator

PMG

SP MSC IuCS

SP SGSN or

GGSN

IuPS

Iuh, CS, PS

Iuh,

CS, PS

Over

IPSec

Alarms

& KPIs Alarms

& KPIs Alarms

& KPIs

Femto

NMS

Prime Mobility

Prime

Central

Prime

Performance

Prime

Network

Firewall

ASR 5000 integrated SeGW/HNBGW

Multifunction platform: S/GGSN, LTE EPC, etc.

High capacity (up to 1Mios HNB per full chassis)

3GPP Compliance (Iuh, Iu-CS & -ps)

1:n Stateful redundancy

Open/Closed Mode

Full mobility

Prime Mobility for Fault, Performance, Configuration

Full AP Mgmt and Provisioning

TR-069 standard compliance

AP Software Download Mgmt

Northbound interface/API for OSS&BSS integration

Access Control list management

HNB status monitoring

Highly scalable and flexible architecture

Up to 16 active Users

Closed/Open access

HDPA (14.4 Mbps/5.7Mbps)

Iuh protocol

Interference monitoring

Configurable output power (max 24dBm/250mW)

Several form factors:

Consumer Access Point

Enterprise Access Point

Integrated Wi-Fi/Femto

Cisco Prime for Mobility

Cisco Prime

Central Cisco Prime

Network Cisco Prime

Infra*

NBI

Meeting the Mobile Network and Service Requirements of Both Today and Tomorrow

Cell Site, RAN Backhaul, Evolved Packet Core, Data Center

Cisco Prime

Performance Manager

Quantum Network Suite for Policy A Policy Platform for Network Service Innovation


Source: O2 UK in Small Cells Summit,

London June 2012


Source: O2 UK in Small Cells Summit,

London June 2012 cSON: a mandatory requirement for Small Cells


Cisco SON Use Cases

Synchronization and Coordination

Self Organization Self Optimization Self Healing

Automatic

Neighbor

Relations

-

ANR

Load

Balancing

& Traffic

Shaping

-

DLB

Automatic

Parameter

Organization

(Plug & Play)

-

APO

Coverage &

Capacity

Optimization

and

Interference

management

-

DIM

Radio-aware

traffic

management

-

RATM

Mass Event

Handling

-

MEH

Mobility

robustness

optimization

-

MRO

Macro cells Small cells Core Network

Multi-Vendor API


Inter-Access Mobility

Inter-Access Mobility Requirements Overview • Multiple Interface on UE and Connection Management

- Requires Network functions like HS20 and ANDSF

- Requires Device functions like Connection Manager

• Fast Roaming - To be further investigated in standards for Residential (Fast Re-authentication with Key sharing)

• IP session persistency - Requires DSMIPv6 or MIPv4 client in client based approach

- For Network Localized Mobility

- It requires a Virtual IP intf. on the UE which hides the Mutiple Intf. to the applications

- It requires a Common IP Anchor for the Session like a PGW

- For 3G – WiFi, it requires S4 SGSN model and LTE capable devices

• IP Flow Mobility - Traffic Class to segregate Flows on different interface (upstream) and networks

(downstream)

- Not available on UE today


History of SP Wi-Fi Authentication

802.11

Apple

Airport

Web

Auth

WISPr

1.0

Apple

iPhone

WISPr

2.0 HS2.0

1997 1999 2003 2007 2010 2011

TRUSTED WI-FI

NETWORK 802.1x/802.11i 3G Offload

EAP-FAST

EAP-SIM

EAP-TLS

802.1x

802.11i

UNTRUSTED WI-FI NETWORK Web-Based Auth/No Encryption

Mostly Hotspot Side Business

Web-Logon WISPr

MAC based TAL

Portal

Page

Auto

Portal

Page


HS20 Sample Scenario

Hotspot 2.0

Client

Regular

Client

• Manual Setup

1. Power-on or unlock the phone

2. Select Wi-Fi network (vulnerable to rogue AP)

3. Go to Webauth

4. Browse webpage and enter right credential, usually ID/PWD

5. Choose roaming plan

6. Start Internet

• Automatic Setup

1. Power-on or unlock the phone

2. Handset automatically validates network and initiates connection.

Makes Wi-Fi easy-to-use and secure like 3G cellular

802.11u enabled network is compatible with non-11u devices!

Can you tell me your

network info?

Before I associate?

Yes! Here it is:

PLMN ID: {208, 00}

EAP Method = EAP-SIM

Domain Name (hotspot operator’s FQDN = Fully Qualified Domain Name)

NAI Realm / 3GPP Cellular Info

HS2.0 Info


Cisco Access Policy Control (c-ANDSF)

Stadium/

Hotspot

Femto Cell

3G/4G

Macro Site

IP

Backhaul

eWAG/ePDG

SGW/PGW/MME

SP

Services Internet

Mobile Packet Core

AAA OCS

PCRF

HSS

SPR

S14

c-ANDSF

• Best user experience for smart phones and tablets including non-SIM devices

• Network controlled access selection including QoS considerations

• Simple policies based on location, time of day, user status and available networks

• Bi-directional and efficient S14 interface

• Intelligent client


Inter Access Mobility S2a based Example

PGW eNodeB SGW /MME

PMIPv6 or GTPv2 GTPv2

CAPWAP

WLC AP

iWAG

WLC AP

CAPWAP

FS

R

FS

R

MA

PC

ON

, IF

OM

, S

essio

n

Pe

rsis

ten

cy

Intra-Access Mobility Inter-Access Mobility

WLAN AAA

HSS

SWx

S6b

SWa


Inter Access Mobility S2b based Example

PGW eNodeB SGW /MME

PMIPv6 or GTPv2 GTPv2

AP

ePDG

AP

MA

PC

ON

, IF

OM

, S

essio

n

Pe

rsis

ten

cy

Inter-Access Mobility

Untrusted Wi-Fi Access

IKEv2/IPSEC tunnel WLAN AAA

HLR

SWx

S6b

SWm


Dynamic selection of PGW

WAG

AAA

SGW/MME/SGSN

HSS PGW

3GPP to Wi-Fi

S6a/S6d STa

SWx S6b

• HSS knows which PGW is the UE PDN anchored. This was provided by SGSN/MME

• Upon ACCESS AUTHO REQ from the WAG, the AAA provides the allocated PGW with the corresponding PDN info to the WAG, after querying the HSS that provides that information as part of the UE Subscriber data, providing also the MN-NAI to use in the PBU

• PGW updates AAA using AUTHO REQ and the AAA does the same with the HSS

WAG

AAA

SGW/MME/SGSN

HSS PGW

Wi-Fi to 3GPP

S6a/S6d STa

SWx S6b

• HSS knows which PGW is the UE PDN anchored. This was provided by PGW.

• During the Attach Procedure, the MME will perform a LU and SDR where the UE PDN Subscription information is provided.

• UE dependencies as this has to set Handover Indication FLAG.

WLC

Converged LTE/Wi-Fi Architecture Vision Integrated Licensed and Un-licensed

SAE

GW:

LTE

Trusted

Wi-Fi

SON

D-SON

C-SON

Server

ANDSF

& CSG

Server

HetNet

Policy &

Charging

Cisco © Universal Small Cell Converged Gateway

HeNB

MME

HeNB

GW

S1-u

S1-MME/IPSec S11

LTE

Security

WTP S2-u

CAPWAP/DTLS S2-c

802.11

Security

Internet


Thank you.

Documents

Cisco Small Cell Architecture spectrum analyzer BandSelect •Optimizes RF utilization ... BAC Radio HW Radio Stack RMS Client (TR069, CMHS) SP NMS SP OSS DMZ LB/ SSL Mgmt