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CINEMATOGRAPHY b a s e d o n p r a c t i c e prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

CINEMATOGRAPHY - abasinema.ac.id · (mendeskrisipkan warna dalam 3 dimensi) – Hue = spectrum warna – Chroma = Intencity & Saturation

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Page 1: CINEMATOGRAPHY - abasinema.ac.id · (mendeskrisipkan warna dalam 3 dimensi) – Hue = spectrum warna – Chroma = Intencity & Saturation

CINEMATOGRAPHY

b a s e d o n p r a c t i c e

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

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Simple Word about Cinematography!

• Translate the storytelling into VISUAL (pictures)

• Award of best cinematography = BEST PICTURES

• Key Word: Camera & Lighting

• Cinematography has 2 aspect : Philosophy (storytelling) & Technique (engineer)

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

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Review about Cinematography!

• Film Space

• Visual Language

• Lens Language

• Camera Dynamics

• Cinematic Continuity

• Optic

• Exposure

• Color Theory

• Tools Of Lighting

• Lighting as a storytelling

• Controlling Color

• Video & High Definition

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

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OSCAR BEST PICTURES AWARDfor BESTCinematography!

• 2011 - "The Artist"

• 2010 - "The King's Speech"

• 2009 - "The Hurt Locker"

• 2008 - "Slumdog Millionaire"

• 2007 - "No Country for Old Men"

• 2006 - "The Departed"

• 2005 - "Crash"

• 2004 - "Million Dollar Baby"

• 2003 - "The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King"

• 2002 - "Chicago“

• 2001 - "A Beautiful Mind"

• 2000 - "Gladiator"

• 1999 - "American Beauty"

• 1998 - "Shakespeare in Love"

• 1997 - "Titanic"

• 1996 - "The English Patient"

• 1995 - "Braveheart"

• 1994 - "Forrest Gump"

• 1993 - "Schindler’s List"

• 1992 - "Unforgiven"

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

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Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• Photography Technique– Basic Camera: Aperture, Shutter, Exposure, ISO, White Balance, etc

• Visual Art– Basic of Composition Visual Art: Rule of Third, Rule of Odd, Rule of Space, Simplicity etc

– Elements of Design & Design Principles

• Lighting Technique– Basic Lighting Setup (Key/Main Light, Fill Light, & Back/Rim Light)

– Light Pattern (Rembrandt, Loop, Butterfly, & Split)

– Quality of Light (Brightness, Contrast, Color, Specular /Hard Light, Diffuse/Soft Light, & Direction)

• Color Theory– Basic Color : Hue, Value (Tone), Chroma, Temperature

– Munsell System

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

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Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC Photography Technique

– APERTURE

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

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Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC Photography Technique

– SHUTTER

30, 15, 13, 10, 8, 6, 5, 4, 3.2, 2.5, 2, 1.6, 1.3, 1, 0.8, 0.6, 0.5, 0.4, 0.3, 1/4, 1/5, 1/6, 1/8, 1/10, 1/13, 1/15, 1/20, 1/ 25, 1/30, 1/40, 1/50, 1/60, 1/80, 1/100, 1/125, 1/160, 1/200, 1/250, 1/320, 1/400, 1/500, 1/640, 1/800, 1/1000, 1/1250, 1/1600, 1/2000 sec.

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

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Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC Photography Technique

– ISO/ASAISO 50 | 100 | 200 | 400 | 800 | 1600 | 3200 | dst

F: 2.0 – S: 15 – ISO: 50 F: 2.0 – S: 15 – ISO: 100

NOISE:

ISO : 50

ISO: 100

ISO: 200

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

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Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC Photography Technique

– EXPOSURE, kombinasi komponen yang mempengaruhi terhadap daya tangkap cahaya untuk

menghasilkan gambar yang sesuai tujuan

– dipengaruhi oleh:

• F/Stop

• ISO

• Reflectance

• Jarak

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

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Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC Photography Technique

– EXPOSURE – Tabel Persepsi terhadap Refleksi

Perception % Reflectance

white 100%

70%

50%

35%

25%

Middle gray 17.5%

12.5%

9%

6%

4.5%

Black 3.5%

Kurva Grafik Koreksi Exposure

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

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Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC Photography Technique

– EXPOSURE – Alat Ukur Exposure = Light Meter (Incident Meter + Spot Meter)

Incident Meter

Mengukur: Incident = cahaya langsung & Reflectance = cahaya yang memantul dari obyek

Spot Meter

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

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Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC Photography Technique

– EXPOSURE ZONE SYSTEM – ANSELL ADAM

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

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Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC Photography Technique

– EXPOSURE ZONE SYSTEM – ANSELL ADAM

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

Page 14: CINEMATOGRAPHY - abasinema.ac.id · (mendeskrisipkan warna dalam 3 dimensi) – Hue = spectrum warna – Chroma = Intencity & Saturation

Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC Photography Technique

– EXPOSURE ZONE SYSTEM – ANSELL ADAM

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

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Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC VISUAL ART

COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• RULE OF THIRD

• RULE OF ODD

• RULE OF SPACE

• SIMPLIFICATION

• GEOMETRY & SIMETRY

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

Page 16: CINEMATOGRAPHY - abasinema.ac.id · (mendeskrisipkan warna dalam 3 dimensi) – Hue = spectrum warna – Chroma = Intencity & Saturation

Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC VISUAL ART

COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• RULE OF THIRD

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

Page 17: CINEMATOGRAPHY - abasinema.ac.id · (mendeskrisipkan warna dalam 3 dimensi) – Hue = spectrum warna – Chroma = Intencity & Saturation

Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC VISUAL ART

COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• RULE OF THIRD

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

Page 18: CINEMATOGRAPHY - abasinema.ac.id · (mendeskrisipkan warna dalam 3 dimensi) – Hue = spectrum warna – Chroma = Intencity & Saturation

Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC VISUAL ART

COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• RULE OF THIRD

DEAD CENTER RULE OF THIRD

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

Page 19: CINEMATOGRAPHY - abasinema.ac.id · (mendeskrisipkan warna dalam 3 dimensi) – Hue = spectrum warna – Chroma = Intencity & Saturation

Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC Photography Technique

COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• RULE OF ODDS

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

Page 20: CINEMATOGRAPHY - abasinema.ac.id · (mendeskrisipkan warna dalam 3 dimensi) – Hue = spectrum warna – Chroma = Intencity & Saturation

Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC Photography Technique

COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• RULE OF ODDS

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

Page 21: CINEMATOGRAPHY - abasinema.ac.id · (mendeskrisipkan warna dalam 3 dimensi) – Hue = spectrum warna – Chroma = Intencity & Saturation

Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC VISUAL ART

COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• RULE OF ODDS

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

Page 22: CINEMATOGRAPHY - abasinema.ac.id · (mendeskrisipkan warna dalam 3 dimensi) – Hue = spectrum warna – Chroma = Intencity & Saturation

Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC VISUAL ART

COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• RULE OF ODDS

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

Page 23: CINEMATOGRAPHY - abasinema.ac.id · (mendeskrisipkan warna dalam 3 dimensi) – Hue = spectrum warna – Chroma = Intencity & Saturation

Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC VISUAL ART

COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• RULE OF SPACE

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

Page 24: CINEMATOGRAPHY - abasinema.ac.id · (mendeskrisipkan warna dalam 3 dimensi) – Hue = spectrum warna – Chroma = Intencity & Saturation

Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC VISUAL ART

COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• RULE OF SPACE

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

Page 25: CINEMATOGRAPHY - abasinema.ac.id · (mendeskrisipkan warna dalam 3 dimensi) – Hue = spectrum warna – Chroma = Intencity & Saturation

Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC VISUAL ART

COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• SIMPLIFICATION

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

Page 26: CINEMATOGRAPHY - abasinema.ac.id · (mendeskrisipkan warna dalam 3 dimensi) – Hue = spectrum warna – Chroma = Intencity & Saturation

Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC VISUAL ART

COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• SIMPLIFICATION

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

Page 27: CINEMATOGRAPHY - abasinema.ac.id · (mendeskrisipkan warna dalam 3 dimensi) – Hue = spectrum warna – Chroma = Intencity & Saturation

Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC VISUAL ART

COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• GEOMETRY & SYMETRY

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

Page 28: CINEMATOGRAPHY - abasinema.ac.id · (mendeskrisipkan warna dalam 3 dimensi) – Hue = spectrum warna – Chroma = Intencity & Saturation

Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC VISUAL ART

COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• GEOMETRY & SYMETRY

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

Page 29: CINEMATOGRAPHY - abasinema.ac.id · (mendeskrisipkan warna dalam 3 dimensi) – Hue = spectrum warna – Chroma = Intencity & Saturation

Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC VISUAL ART

COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• GEOMETRY & SYMETRY

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

Page 30: CINEMATOGRAPHY - abasinema.ac.id · (mendeskrisipkan warna dalam 3 dimensi) – Hue = spectrum warna – Chroma = Intencity & Saturation

Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC VISUAL ART

COMPOSITION TECHNIQUE• GEOMETRY & SYMETRY

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

Page 31: CINEMATOGRAPHY - abasinema.ac.id · (mendeskrisipkan warna dalam 3 dimensi) – Hue = spectrum warna – Chroma = Intencity & Saturation

Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC VISUAL ART

ELEMENTS OF DESIGN• SPACE

Menciptakan space dengan Linear Perspective pada Film Spirited Away (HayaoMiyazaki, 2001)

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

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Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC VISUAL ART

ELEMENTS OF DESIGN• LINE

Pada Film How To Train Your Dragon (Dreamworks, 2010) garis pantai horisontal menunjukkan suasana tenang dan damai.

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

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Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC VISUAL ART

ELEMENTS OF DESIGN• COLOR

Warna warm (hangat/panas) pada gambarsalah satu adegan film Wrath of The Titans (Jonathan Liebesman, 2012).

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

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Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC VISUAL ART

ELEMENTS OF DESIGN• SHAPE

Pada lorong pintu terdapat kombinasi shape sebagai bagian dari elemen desain, film The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey (Peter Jackson, 2012).

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

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Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC VISUAL ART

ELEMENTS OF DESIGN• TEXTURE

Permukaan tekstur pada kepala toothless, seekor naga pada film How To Train Your Dragon (Dreamworks, 2010), tekstur juga terlihat pada baju yang dikenakan oleh Hiccup.

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

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Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC VISUAL ART

ELEMENTS OF DESIGN• FORM

Gotham City pada Film Batman (director: Christopher Nolan)

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

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Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC VISUAL ART

ELEMENTS OF DESIGN• VALUE/TONE

Dari gambar warna yang dibuat hitam putih, value/tone gelap dan terang dapat terlihatpada salah satu adegan film God Father (Francis Ford Coppola, 1972).

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

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Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC VISUAL ART

PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

• Unity

• Balance

• Visual Tension

• Rhythm

• Texture

• Proportion

• Contrast

• Directionality

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

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Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC LIGHTING TECHNIQUE

BASIC LIGHTING SETUP

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

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Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC LIGHTING TECHNIQUE

LIGHTING PATTERN

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

Rembrandt Loop Butterfly Split

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Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• BASIC LIGHTING TECHNIQUE

QUALITY OF LIGHT

– Brightness – (gelap & terang)

– Contrast – (gelap VS terang)

– Color

– Specular (Hard Light)

– Diffuse (Soft Light)

– Direction

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

Rasio Perbedaan Stop Keterangan

1:1 Tidak ada perbedaan Flat lighting

2:1 1 stop Fotogafi warna umum

3:1 1 ½ stop Fotografi B/W umum

4:1 2 stop Dramatic Lighting/ Low Key

8:1 3 stop Sangat dramatik/ low key

Contras Ratio:

Page 42: CINEMATOGRAPHY - abasinema.ac.id · (mendeskrisipkan warna dalam 3 dimensi) – Hue = spectrum warna – Chroma = Intencity & Saturation

Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• Color Theory Munsell System olehAlbert Henry Munsell(mendeskrisipkan warna dalam 3 dimensi)

– Hue = spectrum warna

– Chroma = Intencity & Saturation

– Value = Tone (terang gelap warna)• Kecerahan disebut TINT

• Kegelapan disebut SHADE

– Color Tone dapat membuat Contrast diantaraelemen

• Temperature = Warm/CoolColor Theory for CinematographersPosted: March 5, 2009 at 10:36 pm, by Isaac

At this year’s San Antonio Film Academy, I gave two lectures on three Cs of cinematography, composition, contrast, and color. Color is often overlooked by beginning DPs, and it is an extremely powerful tool. I described color in cinematography as “the use of analogous or complimentary color tones to create contrasts between elements in the frame and communicate emotional ideas to the audience.”

http://www.outside-hollywood.com/2009/03/color-theory-for-cinematographers/

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

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Basic Knowledgefor Cinematography Technique

• CAMERA MOVE– ZOOM

– TRACK

– TILT

– PAN

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom

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Thank You For Your Attention

prepared by Aryanto Yuniawan,S.Kom