CHUVA“Cloud processes of tHe main precipitation systems in Brazil:

A contribUtion to cloud resolVing modeling and to the GPM (GlobAl

Precipitation Measurement)”

by CHUVA Science Team

4th CHUVA Planning Meeting13 December 2010 – San Francisco, CA

Rachel I. Albrechtrachel.albrecht@cptec.inpe.br

Objectives

Answer or improve the knowledge about the following basic questions and statement problems will be the foci of this project:

• How to estimate rainfall from warm clouds?

• What is the contribution of rain from warm clouds to the total precipitation in different regions of Brazil?

• How to improve both space and time precipitation estimation of rainfall over the continent for the GPM constellation?

• What are the average characteristics (3D - cloud processes) of the main regimes of precipitation in Brazil?

• What is the contribution of the aerosol in the process of formation of precipitation?

• What are the main surface and boundary layer processes in the formation and maintenance of clouds?

• How cloud microphysics and electrification processes evolves during the cloud life cycle?

• How to improve precipitation estimation and cloud microphysics description by using conventional and polarimetric radar?

WORKING GROUP – 1CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PRECIPITATING SYSTEMS AS FUNCTION OF THE REGION AND LIFE STAGE

Responsible : Luiz Machado

WORKING GROUP – 2PRECIPITATION ESTIMATION – DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION ALGORITHM

Responsible : Carlos Angelis

WORKING GROUP – 3ELETRIFICATION PROCESS: MOVING FROM CLOUDS TO THUNDERSTORMS

Responsible: Carlos Morales

WORKING GROUP – 4CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BOUNDARY LAYER FOR DIFFERENT CLOUD PROCESSES AND PRECIPITATION

REGIMESResponsible: Gilberto Fisch

WORKING GROUP – 5MODEL IMPROVEMENTS AND VALIDATION, WITH FOCUS IN CLOUD MICROPHYSICS AND AEROSOL

INTERACTIONS, FOR SATELLITE PRECIPITATION ESTIMATES IN BRAZILResponsible: Maria Assunção Dias

NASA Precipitation Measurement Missions Science Team -26-29 October 2009 - Salt Lake City

CHUVA Working Groups

Brazilian precipitating systems and CHUVA IOPs

7 Intensive Operational Periods (IOPs):1) Alcântara, MA (PRE-CHUVA)2) Fortaleza, CE3) Belém, PA4) São Luiz do Paraitinga, SP5) Foz do Iguaçu, PR (originally Santa Maria+Londrina)6) Brasília, DF7) Manaus, AM

CHUVA Field Campaign Schedule

JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEZ

2010 ALCANTARA

2011 CHUVA WORKSHOP#1

FORTALEZA FORTALEZA BELÉM BELEM SAO LUIZ PARAITINGA

SAO LUIZ PARAITINGA

2012 CHUVA -WORKSHOP#2

FOZ DO IGUAÇU

FOZ DO IGUAÇU

FOZ DO IGUAÇU

2013 FOZ DO IGUAÇU

BRASÍLIA BRASÍLIA

2014 MANAUS MANAUS MANAUS MANAUS

CHUVA time frame: March 2010 to April 2014

Doppler X band dual polarization -METEOR 50DX - Selex

Vertical pointing micro Doppler rain radar Keplel – 24.1 Ghz

CS110 - Electric Field SensorMeasuring the local electric field

CHUVA Instrumentation

Radiometrics MP 3000 – TB from 35channels (22-30 and 51-59 Ghz)

LIDAR – backscaterring coefficient.Lidar Raman System 2 channels: 532nm and 607nm

GPS - A dual-frequency receiver - IWV

Radiosondes RS92

CHUVA Instrumentation

3 Ott Inc. PARSIVEL Optical Laser Disdrometer.

1 Joss Waldvogel Acoustic Impact Disdrometer. (NASA)

5 Raingauge (NASA)

CHUVA Instrumentation

Soil Mositure - EnviroSCAN ProbeSoil moisture profile (up to 0.5 m) continous measurements

HFP01 – soil heat plates (2) for the soil heat flux measurement

STP01 – soil temperature profile (5 sensors 2,5,10,20,50 cm)

CHUVA Instrumentation

Values of air temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, windspeed and direction, radiation

measurements from towersSurface Weather Measurements

EC150 open path gas analyser and the sonic (CSAT3) coupled for the surface momentum,

energy, water vapour and CO2 fluxes

Radiation components: solar (shortwave) and terrestrial (longwave) radiation upward and downward

fluxes

CHUVA Instrumentation

Menu “Data” site:http://gpmchuva.cptec.inpe.br/

User name: chuvaPassword: preChUv@01_25

GPM CHUVA Data Center

Data Base

GPM CHUVA Data Center: PRE-CHUVA data base

Experiment

Equipment

Especification

Site

ALCÂNTARA

RADIOMETER

ADMIRARI

DELTA VILLAGE

INITIAL DATE 01/03/2010 FINAL DATE 31/03/2010

ENVIAR

GPM CHUVA Data Center: FUTURE LAYOUT

CHUVA IOPs with respect to total lightning (LIS)

LIS climatology

Flash rate over 2.25o boxes over CHUVA sites

CHUVA São Luiz do Paraitinga IOP

o Main Target of Study:o Warm clouds over Serra do Maro Cold frontso MCSso South Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ)o Local Convection

o Period:o From 31 October to 22 December 201

SPLMA 130 kmSPLMA 100 km

X-POL 50 kmX-POL 40 km

SPLMA sensorsSJLMA sensorsLINET sensors

Operational S-band radars

X-Pol Mobile radar

LINET configuration #1

CHUVA São Luiz do Paraitinga IOP

SPLMA 130 kmSPLMA 100 km

X-POL 50 kmX-POL 40 km

SPLMA sensorsSJLMA sensorsLINET sensors

Operational S-band radars

X-Pol Mobile radar

LINET configuration #2

CHUVA São Luiz do Paraitinga IOP

R

P

CHUVA São Luiz do Paraitinga IOP

o Main Target of Study:o Cold frontso MCSs (world’s largest MCSs and highest flash rates)

o Period:o From 9 November to 13 January 2012

o Additional Proposed Data:o La Plata Basin Campaign (by Dan Cecil, Steve Nesbitt, Ed Zipser)o Goal: Measure MCCs to accomplish the GPM and La Plata Basin Regional

Hydroclimate Project (LPB) goals.

Brazil

Argentina

Paraguay

CHUVA Foz do Iguaçu IOP

Foz do Iguaçu

o Why are La Plata Basin MCSs so important?

o ~80% of the surface precipitation of La Plata Basin originates from MCSs (lightning should present the same feature – need to be checked though)

o The precipitation features with highest flash rates are mostly observed over La Plata Basin

CHUVA Foz do Iguaçu IOP

Percentage of surface rain from 2A25 explainedby MCSs over La Plata Basin (Cecil et al., 2010)

Zipser et al. (2006)

o Many advantages of deploying the LMA to Foz do Iguaçu:

o La Plata Basin and Foz do Iguaçu are covered by MeteoSat SEVERI (GOES-R ABI proxy).

o IOP starts October-November/2012 –sensors will already be in Brazil (right after São Luiz do Paraitinga IOP).

o Minimum cost – INPE and SIMEPAR will make the survey, deploy and maintainance of LMA sites.

o SIMEPAR will have an S-band dual-pol radar operational by June/2012 at ~120 km from Foz do Iguaçu.

o Useful 3D total lightning for nowcasting of severe weather under GOES-R Risk Reduction activities.

CHUVA Foz do Iguaçu IOP

CHUVA Foz do Iguaçu IOP

LMA sensorsLS8000 sensorsLS7001 sensorsIMPACT sensor

Operational S-band radars

X-Pol Mobile radar

SIMEPAR radar 200 km

X-POL 40 km

SIMEPAR radar 200 km

LMA 100 kmLMA 130 km

Proposed LMA network configuration at Foz do Iguaçu

Thank You