Chrysler Crossfire Manual

8/3/2019 Chrysler Crossfire Manual

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[OEHF CL BCD[FD[RRFB[NCD YOJF? ND[UCKVB[NCD $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 2

5 [MNDJR [C ADCZ EFLCUF R[OU[NDJ ^CVU \FMNBHF $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ :

2 VDKFUR[ODKNDJ [MF LFO[VUFR CL ^CVU \FMNBHF $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ ;:

; VDKFUR[ODKNDJ ^CVU NDR[UV@FD[ YODFH $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ =:

6 R[OU[ND J OD K CYFUO[NDJ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ ??:

< ZMO[ [C KC ND F@FUJFD BNFR $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ ?6:

: @OND[ONDNDJ ^CVU \FMNBHF $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ ?:6

= @OND [FDO D BF RBMFKV HFR $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 556

> NL CV DFFK BCDRV @FU ORRNR[OD BF $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 526

?9 NDKF] $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 5;2


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ND[UCKVB[NCD

BCD[FD[R

Nd{uckvb{ncd $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ ;

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Zoudndjr Odk Bov{ncdr $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $

Af~r $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ >

Ce{ondndj Ufyhobf`fd{ Af~r $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ >

Njdn{ncd Af~ Uf`c|oh $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $?9

Af~NdNjdn{ncd Uf`ndkfu $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $?9

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Kccu Hcbar $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $??

Bfd{uoh Hcbandj Rzn{bm $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $?5

Ov{cò{nb Bfd{uoh Hcbandj $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $?5

Jfdfuoh Dc{fr Cd [mf Bfd{uoh Hcbandj

R~r{f` $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $?2

F`fujfdb~ Vdhcbandj Lfo{vuf $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $?2

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[c Vdhcba [mf Kccur $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $?;

[c Hcba [mf Kccur $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $?;

Yodnb Ohou` $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $?6

[c Vrf [mf Yodnb Ohou` $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $?6

Jfdfuoh Ndlcuò{ncd $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $?6

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a`# m. cu `cuf1 mczf|fu( {mf lvfh lnhhfu kccu ufòndr

vdhcbafk$

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ycrn{ncd odk mchk {mf vyyfu ycu{ncd cl {mf rzn{bm lcu o

`ndn`v` cl ln|f rfbcdkr$ [c kfob{n|o{f( {vud {mf af~ {c{mf CD# UVD ycrn{ncd odk mchk {mf hczfu ycu{ncd cl {mf

rzn{bm lcu o `ndn`v` cl ln|f rfbcdkr$

DC[F7 Nl {mf kccur ouf vdhcbafk zn{m {mf bfd{uoh

hcbandj rzn{bm ol{fu ob{n|o{ndj {mf ov{cò{nb bfd{uoh

?5 [MNDJR [C ADCZ EFLCUF R[OU[NDJ ^CVU \FMNBHF


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hcbandj lfo{vuf odk dfn{mfu k ccu nr cyfdfk( {mf kccur

ufònd vdhcbafk f|fd o{ |fmnbhf ryffkr cl oyyuc}nò{fh~

> `ym -?6 a`# m. cu ` cuf$

DC[F7 Nl ~cv o{{f`y{ {c hcba {mf kccur zn{m {mf af~ nd

{mf njdn{ncd odk {mf k un|fur kccu cy fd( {mf kccur znhh dc{

hcba$

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ycrn{ncd( {mf |fmnbhf boddc{ ef hcbafk cu vdhcbafk zn{m

{mf uf`c{f bcd{uch$

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zn{m {mf uf`c{f bcd{uch( n{ ò~ ef dfbfrrou~ {c bmodjf

{mf eo{{funfr nd {mf uf`c{f$

DC[F7 [c mfhy yuf|fd{ {mf |fmnbhf eo{{fu~ luc` knrbmoujndj kvundj rmcu{ yfunckr cl ndob{n|n{~( yfulcu` {mf

lchhczndj7

?$ @oaf rvuf {mo{ {mf ufou hnl{jo{f( mcck odk kccur ouf

bc`yhf{fh~ bhcrfk$

5$ @oaf rvuf {mo{ uf`c{f {uodr`n{{fu nr cyfuo{ndj odk

{mo{ {mf eo{{fu~ nr jcck$

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rzn{bmfr ouf nd okgvr{`fd{$

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ho`yr lhorm {muff {n`fr( {mf r~r{f` nr cyfuo{ndj yucy

fuh~$ Nl dc{( {mfuf nr o yucehf` zn{m o rzn{bm cu {mf

r~r{f`$ Rff ~cvu ov{mcunwfk kfohfu lcu rfu|nbf$

F`fujfdb~ Vdhcbandj Lfo{vuf

Nd {mf borf cl od obbnkfd{( {mf kccur vdhcba ov{cò{nbohh~

o rmcu{ {n`f ol{fu o r{ucdj kfbfhfuo{ncd nr kf{fb{fk( rvbm

or nd o bchhnrncd -{mnr nr nd{fdkfk {c onk ufrbvf odk f}n{.$

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r{ou{ hcbacv{$ [mf fdjndf boddc{ ef r{ou{fk$ [vudndj {mfaf~ {c {mf CD# UVD ycrn{ncd kfob{n|o{fr {mf r{ou{ hcba

cv{$ Nl {mf fdjndf boddc{ ef r{ou{fk( odk {mf `frrojfr

R[OU[ odk FUUCU ouf rmczd nd {mf ckc`f{fu knryho~

lnfhk( {mf r~r{f` nr dc{ cyfuo{ncdoh$ Bcd{ob{ od ov{mc

unwfk kfohfu$

[MNDJR [C ADCZ EFLCUF R[OU[NDJ ^CVU \FMNBHF ?2


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UF@C[F AF^HFRR FD[U^

[mnr lfo{v uf ohhczr ~cv {c hcba cu vd hcba {mf |fmnbhf luc`

uf`c{f hcbo{ncdr vrndj o modk mfhk {uodr`n{{fu hcbo{fk nd

{mf af~ lce$ cv k cd{ mo|f {c ycnd{ { mf {uod r`n{{fu o{ {m f

|fmnbhf {c ob{n|o{f {mf r~r{f`$ [mf |fmnbhf kccur( ufou

hnl{jo{f( odk lvfh lnhhfu kccu bod ef hcbafk odk vdhcbafk

vrndj {mf uf`c{f bcd{uch$

[c Vdhcba {mf Kccur7

Yufrr odk ufhforf {mf vdhcba ev{{cd cd {mf af~ lce$

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lce( dfn{mfu kccu nr cyfdfk( {mf af~ nr dc{ ndrfu{fk nd {mf

njdn{ncd rzn{bm( cu {mf bfd{uoh hcbandj rzn{bm nr dc{

ob{n|o{fk( {mf |fmnbhf znhh ov{c`o{nbohh~ hcba$

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vdhcba k un|fur kccu( ufou hnl{jo{f( odk lvfh lnhhfu k ccu$Yufrr {mf Vdhcba {uodr`n{ ev{{cd {znbf {c vdhcba ec{m

kccur( ufou hnl{jo{f( odk lvfh lnhhfu k ccu$

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hnjm{r ehnda {muff {n`fr {c ndknbo{f {mo{ {mf |fmnbhf nr

hcbafk$ Nl {mf {vud rnjdoh hnjm{r kc dc{ ehnda( o kccu cuufou hnl{jo{f nr dc{ bhcrfk yucyfuh~$

[mf fd{nuf |fmnbhf( ndbhvkndj {mf lvfh lnhhfu kccu( `o~ ef

hcbafk cu vdhcbafk e~ v rndj {mf af~ nd {m f kun|fur kccu$

[mf kccur odk hnl{jo{f bod ef hcbafk cu v dhcbafk e~

yufrrndj {mf bfd{uoh hcbandj rzn{bm hcbo{fk nd {mf bfd{fu

bcdrchf$

?; [MNDJR [C ADCZ EFLCUF R[OU[NDJ ^CVU \FMNBHF


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Nl {mf |fmnbhf boddc{ ef hcbafk cu vdhcbafk e~ yufrrndj

{mf {uodr`n{ ev{{cd( {mfd n{ ò~ ef dfbfrrou~ {c bmodjf

{mf eo{{funfr nd {mf uf`c{f bcd{uch$

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nd{funcu hnjm{r( lhormfr {mf lcjhnjm{r odk rcvdkr {mf mcud

lcu oecv{ {muff `ndv{fr cu vd{nh {mf ohou` nr {vudfk cll$

[mf |fmnbhf bod ef kun|fd zmnhf nd {mf Yodnb `ckf$

[c Vrf {mf Yodnb Ohou`7

Yufrr odk mchk {mf Yodnb ev{{cd {c ob{n|o{f {mf ohou`$

Yufrr odk mchk {mf Yodnb ev{{cd cu vdhcba {mf kccu zn{m

{mf af~ {c kfob{n|o{f {mf ohou`$ [mf ohou` znhh ohrc rmv{

cll ol{fu {muff `ndv{fr cu zmfd |fmnbhf ryffk ufobmfr ?6

`ym -5; a`# m.$

Jfdfuoh Ndlcuò{ncd[mnr {uodr`n{{fu bc`yhnfr zn{m LBB uv hfr you{ ?6$ Cyfuo

{ncd nr rvegfb{ {c {mf lchhczndj bcdkn{ncdr7

?$ [mnr kf|nbf ò~ dc{ bovrf mou`lvh nd{fulfufdbf$

[MNDJR [C ADCZ EFLCUF R[OU[NDJ ^CVU \FMNBHF ?6


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5$ [mnr kf|nbf `vr{ obbfy{ od~ nd{fulfufdbf {mo{ ò~ ef

ufbfn|fk( ndbhvkndj nd{fulfufdbf {mo{ ò~ bovrf vdkfr

nufk cyfuo{ncd$

[uodr`n{{fu Eo{{fu~ Rfu|nbf

[mf ufbc``fdkfk ufyhobf`fd{ Hn{mnv` eo{{fu~ nr Yodo

rcdnb BU 5956 cu fqvn|ohfd{$

[c bmodjf {m f eo{{funfr7

Yufrr ufhforf ev{{cd -5. cd {mf af~ lce$ [mf af~ lchkr

cv{$

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zn{m {mf ycrn{n|f r~èch lobndj vyzoukr$

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DC[F7 Cdh~ ufyhobf {mf eo{{funfr nd yonur$

[mf r~r{f` ò~ mo|f {c ef ufr~dbmucdnwfk nl {mf {uodr

`n{{fu nr zn{mcv{ |ch{ojf lcu rf|fuoh `ndv{fr$ [c r~dbmuc

dnwf( on` {mf {uodr`n{{fu f~f o{ {mf |fmnbhf odk eunflh~

yufrr fn{mfu {mf Hcba cu {mf Vdhcba ev{{cd {znbf$ Zn{mnd

?< [MNDJR [C ADCZ EFLCUF R[OU[NDJ ^CVU \FMNBHF


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oyyuc}nò{fh~ 29 rfbcdkr( ndrfu{ {mf af~ nd {mf njdn{ncd

odk {vud n{ {c {mf CD# UVD ycrn{ncd$ [mf uf`c{f bcd{uch

rmcvhk cdbf ojond ef cyfuo{ncdoh$

RFBVUN[^ OHOU@ R^R[F@

[mf r~r{f` `cdn{cur {mf kccur( ufou hnl{jo{f( mcck( odk

njdn{ncd lcu vdov{mcunwfk cyfuo{ncd$ [mf rfbvun{~ ohou`

r~r{f` nr ov{cò{nbohh~ ou`fk cu knrou`fk zn{m {mf

uf`c{f bcd{uch cu od~ cl ~cvu |fmnbhfr af~r e~ hcbandj cu

vdhcbandj {mf |fmnbhf$

[mf od{n{mfl{ ohou` nr ou`fk zn{mnd oyyuc}nò{fh~ ?9

rfbcdkr ol{fu hcbandj {m f |fmnbhf$ O ehndandj hnjm{ nd {mf

{cz ozo~ ohou` rzn{bm ndk nbo{fr {mo{ {mf ohou` nr ou`fk$

Cdbf {mf ohou` r~r{f` mor effd ou`fk( {mf f}{funcu

|fmnbhf hnjm{r znhh lhorm odk od ohou` znhh rcvdk zmfd o

kccu( {mf ufou hnl{jo{f( {mf mcck( cu {mf jhc|f bc`you{`fd{ nr cyfdfk( cu n l rc`fcdf o{ {f`y{r {c uonrf {mf

|fmnbhf lcu {czndj$ [mf ohou` znhh lhorm {mf f}{funcu

ho`yr lcu oyyuc}nò{fh~ {muff `ndv{fr odk rcvdk od

ovknehf ohou` lcu 29 rfbcdkr$ [mf ohou` znhh r{o~ cd f|fd

nl {mf ob{n|o{ndj fhf`fd{ nr n``fkno{fh~ bhcrfk$

[czOzo~ Ohou`

[mf {czozo~ ohou` rzn{bm nr hcbo{fk cd {mf bcdrchf$ [c

kfob{n|o{f lcu {czndj cu gobandj vy {mf |fmnbhf( yufrr odk

ufhforf {mf v yy fu ycu{ncd cl {mf rzn{bm$ Yufrr odk ufhforf

{mf hczfu ycu{ncd {c ob{n|o{f n{ ojond$

Ol{fu {mf ohou` r~r{f` mor effd ou`fk( {mf f}{funcu

|fmnbhf hnjm{r znhh lhorm odk od ohou` znhh rcvdk zmfd

rc`fcdf o{{f`y{r {c uonrf {mf |fmnbhf$ [mf ohou` znhh

lhorm {mf f}{funcu ho`yr lcu oyy uc}n o{fh~ {muff ` ndv{fr

odk rcvdk od ovknehf ohou` lcu 29 rfbcdkr$ [mf ohou`

znhh r{o~ cd f|fd nl {mf |fmnbhf nr n``fkno{fh~ hczfufk$

[c bodbfh {mf ohou`( ndrfu{ {m f af~ nd{c {mf njd n{ncd rzn{bm

cu yufrr o {uodr`n{ ev{{cd cd {mf af~ lce$

[c yuf|fd{ {unjjfundj {mf {czozo~ ohou` lfo{vuf zmfd

youandj cd o rvulobf rvegfb{ {c `c|f`fd{ -rvbm or olfuu~.( rzn{bm cll {mf {czozo~ ohou`$ [c k c rc( {vud {mf

af~ nd {mf njdn{ncd rzn{bm {c {mf CLL# HCBA cu OBB

ycrn{ncd( cu uf`c|f {mf af~ luc` {mf njdn{ncd rzn{bm$

Yufrr {mf {czozo~ ohou` rzn{bm odk {mf ndknbo{cu hnjm{

znhh nhhv`ndo{f eunflh~$ F}n{ {mf |fmnbhf( odk hcba {mf

|fmnbhf zn{m {mf af~ cu {mf uf`c{f bcd{uch$

[MNDJR [C ADCZ EFLCUF R[OU[NDJ ^CVU \FMNBHF ?:


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[mf {czozo~ ohou` uf`ondr rzn{bmfk cll vd{nh {mf

|fmnbhf nr hcbafk ojond zn{m {mf af~ cu {mf uf`c{f bcd{uch(

o{ zmnbm {n`f n{ nr ov{c`o{nbohh~ ufob{n|o{fk$

YCZFU ZNDKCZR

[mf yczfu zndkcz rzn{bmfr ouf hcbo{fk nd {mf bcdrchf$

[c cyfuo{f( {vud {mf af~ nd {mf njdn{ncd rzn{bm {c {mf OBBcu CD# UVD ycrn{ncd$ Yufrr {mf rzn{bm nd {c {mf ufrnr

{odbf ycnd{ {c cyfd1 ufhforf {mf rzn{bm z mfd {mf z ndkcz

nr nd {mf kfrnufk ycrn{ncd$

Lcu f}yufrr cyfdndj cl z ndkczr( yufrr {mf rzn{bm yor{

{mf ufrnr{odbf ycnd{ odk ufhforf1 {mf zndkcz hczfur {c

{mf lvhh~ cyfd ycrn{ ncd$ [c nd{fuuvy{ {mf yucbfkvuf(

eunflh~ yufrr {mf rzn{bm ojond odk ufhforf$

?= [MNDJR [C ADCZ EFLCUF R[OU[NDJ ^CVU \FMNBHF


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Zmfd bhcrndj {mf z ndkczr( ef rvuf {mo{ {mfuf nr dc

kodjfu cl od~cdf efndj mou`fk e~ {mf bhcrndj yucbf

kvuf$

ZOUDNDJ/

Zmfd hfo|ndj {mf |fmnbhf( ohzo~r uf`c|f {mf af~

luc` {mf njdn{ncd rzn{bm( odk hcba {mf |fmnbhf$ Kc

dc{ hfo|f bmnhkufd vdo{{fdkfk nd {mf | fmnbhf( cu zn{m

obbfrr {c od vdhcbafk |fmnbhf$ Vdrvyfu|nrfk vrf cl

|fmnbhf fqvny`fd{ bod bovrf rfuncvr yfurcdoh ndgvu~$

UFOU HNL[JO[F UFHFORF

^cv bod cyfd {mf ufou hnl{jo{f e~ vrndj {mf modkhf hcbo{fk

cd {mf hnl{jo{f gvr{ oec|f {mf ufou hnbfdrf yho{f ycbaf{$

ZOUDNDJ/

K c dc{ ohhcz bmn hkufd {c mo|f obbfrr {c {mf ufou boujc

oufo e~ bhn`endj nd{c {mf ufou boujc oufo luc`

cv{rnkf( cu {mucvjm {mf ndrnkf cl {mf |f mnbhf$ Ohzo~r

bhcrf {mf hnl{jo{f zmfd ~cvu |fmnbhf nr vdo{{fdkfk$

Cdbf nd {mf boujc oufo( ~cvdj bmnhkufd `o~ dc{ ef

oehf {c frboyf( f|fd nl {mf~ fd{fufk {mucvjm {mf ufou

rfo{$ Nl {uoyyfk nd {mf boujc oufo( bmnhkufd bod knf

luc` rvllcbo{ncd cu mfo{ r {ucaf$

[MNDJR [C ADCZ EFLCUF R[OU[NDJ ^CVU \FMNBHF ?>


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CBBVYOD[ UFR[UOND[R

Rc`f cl {mf `cr{ n`ycu{od{ rolf{~ lfo{vufr nd ~cvu

|fmnbhf ouf {mf ufr{uond{ r~r{f`r$ [mfrf ndbhvkf {mf hoy#

rmcvhkfu rfo{ efh{r lcu {mf kun|fu odk yorrfdjfu( f`fu

jfdb~ {fdrncdndj uf{uob{cur lcu {mf rfo{ efh{r( odk lucd{

odk rnkf onueojr lcu {mf k un|fu odk yorrfdjfu$ Nl ~cv z nhh

ef bouu~ndj bmnhkufd {cc ròhh lcu okvh{rnwf efh{r( {mf

yorrfdjfu rnkf rfo{ efh{ ohrc bod ef vrfk {c mchk ndlod{

odk bmnhk ufr{uond{ r~r{f`r$

Yhforf yo~ bhcrf o{ {fd{ncd {c {mf ndlcuò{ncd nd {mnr

rfb{ncd$ N{ {fhhr ~cv mcz {c v rf ~cvu ufr{uond{ r~r{f`

yucyfuh~ {c affy ~cv odk ~cvu yorrfdjfur or rolf or

ycrrnehf$

ZOUDNDJ/

Nd o bchhnrncd( ~cv odk ~cvu yorrfdjfur bod rvllfu

`vbm jufo{fu ndgvunfr nl ~cv ouf dc{ yucyfuh~ evba

hfk vy$ cv bod r{unaf {mf nd{funcu cl ~ cvu |fmnbhf cu

c{mfu cbbvyod{r( cu ~cv bod ef {muczd cv{ cl {mf

|fmnbhf$ Ohzo~r ef rvuf ~cv odk c{mfur nd ~cvu

|fmnbhf ouf evbahfk vy yucyfuh~$

Evbahf vy f|fd {mcvjm ~cv ouf od f}bfhhfd{ kun|fu( f|fd

cd rmcu{ {unyr$ Rc`fcdf cd {mf ucok ò~ ef o y ccu kun|fu

odk bovrf o bchhnrncd {mo{ ndbhvkfr ~cv$ [mnr bod moyyfd

lou ozo~ luc` mc`f cu cd ~cvu r{uff{$

Ufrfoubm mor rmczd {mo{ rfo{ efh{r ro|f hn|fr$ [mf~ ohrc

bod ufkvbf {mf rfuncvrdfrr cl ndgvunfr nd o bchhnrncd$ Rc`fcl {mf zcur{ ndgvunfr moyyfd zmfd yfcyhf ouf {muczd

luc` {mf |fmnbhf$ Rfo{ efh{r y uc|nkf y uc{fb{ncd luc` {mo{(

odk {mf~ ufkvbf {mf unra cl ndgvu~ bovrfk e~ r{unandj {mf

ndrnkf cl {mf |fmnbhf$ F|fu~cdf nd o `c{cu |fmnbhf dffkr

{c ef evbahfk vy ohh {mf {n`f$

59 [MNDJR [C ADCZ EFLCUF R[OU[NDJ ^CVU \FMNBHF


21/251

Hoy#Rmcvhkfu Efh{r

Fobm rfo{ndj ycrn{ ncd nr fqvnyyfk zn{m o bcèndfk

hoy# rmcvhkfu efh{ r~r{f`$

[mf efh{ zfeendj uf{uob{cu znhh hcba cdh~ kvundj |fu~

rvkk fd r{cyr cu n`yob{r$ [mnr lfo{vuf ohhczr {mf rmcvhkfu

you{ cl {mf efh{ {c `c|f luffh~ zn{m ~cv vdkfu dcuòh

bcdkn{ncdr$ Ev{( nd o bchhnrncd( {mf efh{ znhh hcba odk

ufkvbf {mf unra cl ~cvu r{unandj {mf ndrnkf cl {mf |fmnbhf cu

efndj {muczd cv{$ [mf rfo{ efh{r ouf ohrc fqvnyyfk zn{m

f`fujfdb~ {fdrncdndj uf{uob{cur$ [mfrf {fdrncdndj uf{uob

{cur ouf hcbo{fk nd fobm efh{r ndfu{no uffh odk efbc`f

cyfuo{ncdohh~ ufok~ zn{m {mf af~ nd {mf njdn{ncd rzn{bm

{vudfk {c {mf OBB cu CD# UVD ycrn{ncdr$ [mf f`fu

jfdb~ {fdrncdndj uf{uob{cur ouf kfrnjdfk {c ob{n|o{f kvu

ndj lucd{oh odk ufou n`y ob{r$ [mf~ uf`c|f rhoba luc` {m f

efh{r nd rvbm o zo~ {mo{ {mf rfo{ efh{r ln{ `cuf rdvjh~ojondr{ {mf eck~( ufr{unb{ndj n{r lcuzouk `c|f`fd{ or

`vbm or ycrrnehf$

Nd borfr cl c{mfu lucd{oh n`yob{r( uchhc|fur( bfu{ond rnkf

n`yob{r( ufou bchhnrncdr cu c{mfu obbnkfd{r zn{mcv{ rvlln

bnfd{ lucd{oh cu ufou n`yob{ lcubfr( {mf f`fujfdb~ {fdrncd

ndj uf{uob{cur znhh dc{ ef ob{n|o{fk$ [mf kun|fu odk

yorrfdjfu z nhh {mfd ef y uc{fb{fk e~ {mf lor{fdfk rfo{

efh{r odk ndfu{no uffh nd {mf vrvoh òddfu$

[MNDJR [C ADCZ EFLCUF R[OU[NDJ ^CVU \FMNBHF 5?


22/251

ZOUDNDJ/

Zfoundj o rfo{ efh{ ndbcuufb{h~ nr kodjfucvr$ Rfo{

efh{r ouf kfr njdfk {c j c oucvdk {mf h oujf ecd fr cl

~cvu eck~$ [mfrf ouf {mf r{ucdjfr{ you{r cl ~cvu

eck~ odk bod {oaf {mf lcubfr cl o bchhnrncd {mf

efr{$ Zfoundj ~cvu efh{ nd {mf zucdj yhobf bcvhk

`oaf ~cvu ndgvunfr nd o bchhnrncd `vbm z curf$ cv

`njm{ rvllfu nd{fudoh ndgvunfr( cu ~cv bcvhk f|fd

rhnkf cv{ cl you{ cl {mf efh{$ Lchhcz {mfrf ndr{uvb

{ncdr {c zfou ~cvu rfo{ efh{ rolfh~ odk {c affy

~cvu yorrfdjfur rolf( {cc$

[zc yfcyhf rmcvhk df|fu ef efh{fk nd{c o rndjhf

rfo{ efh{$ Yfcyhf e fh{fk {cjf{mfu bod buorm nd{c cdf

odc{mfu nd od obbnkfd{( mvu{ndj cdf odc{mfu eokh~$

Df|fu vrf o hoy#rmcvhkfu efh{ cu o hoy efh{ lcu`cuf {mod cdf yfurcd( dc `o{{fu zmo{ {mfnu rnwf$

Hoy#Rmcvhkfu Efh{ Cyfuo{ndj Ndr{uvb{ncdr

?$ Fd{fu {mf |fmnbhf odk bhcrf {mf kccu$ Rn{ eoba odk

okgvr{ {mf rfo{$



23/251

5$ [mf rfo{ efh{ ho{bm y ho{f nr oec|f {mf eoba cl ~cvu rfo{$

Juory {mf ho{bm yho{f odk yv hh cv{ {mf efh{$ Rhnkf {m f ho{bm

yho{f vy {mf zfeendj or lou or dfbfrrou~ {c `oaf {m f efh{

jc oucvdk ~cvu hoy$

2$ Zmfd {mf efh{ nr hcdj fdcvjm {c ln{( ndrfu{ {mf ho{bm

yho{f nd{c {mf evbahf vd{nh ~cv mfou o bhnba$

;$ Ycrn{ncd {mf hoy efh{ obucrr ~cvu {mnjmr( efhcz ~cvu

oekc`fd$ [c uf`c|f rhoba nd {mf hoy efh{ ycu{ncd( yvhh vy

o hn{{hf cd {mf rmcvhkfu efh{( or rmczd$

6$ [c hccrfd {mf hoy efh{ nl n{ nr {cc {njm{( {nh{ {mf ho{bm yho{f

ozo~ luc` ~cv odk yvhh cd {mf hoy efh{$ Uf`f`efu {mo{

o rdvj efh{ ufkvbfr {mf unra cl rhnkndj vdkfu {mf efh{ nd o

bchhnrncd$


24/251

ZOUDNDJ/

O efh{ {mo{ nr evbahfk nd{c {mf zucdj evbahf znhh

dc{ yuc{fb{ ~cv yucyfuh~$ [mf hoy ycu{ncd bcvhk

unkf {cc mnjm cd ~cvu eck~( ycrrneh~ bovrndj

nd{fudoh ndgvunfr$ Ohz o~r evbahf ~ cvu efh{ nd{c {mf

evbahf dfoufr{ ~cv$

O efh{ {mo{ nr {cc hccrf znhh dc{ yuc{fb{ ~cv or z fhh$

Nd o rvkkfd r{cy ~cv bcvhk `c|f {cc lou lcuzouk(

ndbuforndj {mf ycrrnenhn{~ cl ndgvu~$ Zfou ~cvu rfo{

efh{ rdvjh~$

O efh{ {mo{ nr zcud vdkfu ~cvu ou nr |fu~

kodjfucvr$ cvu eck~ bcvhk r{unaf {mf ndrnkf

rvulobfr cl {mf |fmnbhf nd o bchhnrncd( ndbuforndj

mfok odk dfba ndgvu~$ O efh{ zcud vdkfu {mf ou`

bod bovrf nd{fudoh ndgvunfr$ Uner oufd{ or r{ucdj or

rmcvhkfu ecdf r$ Zfou {mf efh{ c|f u ~cvu rmcvhkfurc {mo{ ~cvu r{ucdjfr{ ecdfr znhh {oaf {mf lcubf ndo bchhnrncd$

O rmcvhkfu efh{ yhobfk efmndk ~cv znhh dc{ yuc

{fb{ ~cv luc` ndgvu~ kvundj o bchhnrncd$ ^cv ouf

`cuf hnafh~ {c mn{ ~cvu mfok nd o bchhnrncd nl ~cvkc dc{ z fou ~cvu rmcvhkfu efh{$ [mf hoy odk

rmcvhkfu efh{ ouf `fod{ {c ef vrfk {cjf{mfu$

ZOUDNDJ/

O hoy efh{ zcud {cc mnjm bod ndbuforf {mf unra cl

nd{fudoh ndgvu~ nd o bchhnrncd$ [mf efh{ lcubfr zcd{

ef o{ {mf r{ucdj mny odk yfh|nb ecdfr( ev{ obucrr

~cvu oekc`fd$ Ohzo~r zfou {mf hoy efh{ or hcz or

ycrrnehf odk affy n{ rdvj$

O {znr{fk efh{ bod{ kc n{r gce or zfhh$ Nd o

bchhnrncd n{ bcvhk f|fd bv{ nd{c ~cv$ Ef rvuf {mf

efh{ nr r{uonjm{$ Nl ~cv bod{ r{uonjm{fd o efh{ nd

~cvu |fmnbhf( {oaf n{ {c od ov{mcunwfk kfohfu odk

mo|f n{ ln}fk$

ZOUDNDJ/

Rfo{ efh{ r~r{f`r `vr{ ohzo~r ef ufyhobfk ol{fu od

n`yob{ rf|fuf fdcvjm {c lnuf {mf f`fujfdb~ hcbandj

uf{uob{cur$ Nl {mfuf nr od~ qvfr{ncd oecv{ {mf bcdkn

{ncd cl ~cvu rfo{ efh{ r~r{f`( {oaf {mf |fmnbhf {c od

ov{mcunwfk kfohfu lcu od ndryfb{ncd$

5; [MNDJR [C ADCZ EFLCUF R[OU[NDJ ^CVU \FMNBHF


25/251

ZOUDNDJ/

O luo~fk cu {cud efh{ bcvhk uny oyou{ nd o bchhnrncd

odk hfo|f ~cv zn{m dc yuc{fb{ncd$ Ndryfb{ {mf efh{

r~r{f` yfuncknbohh~( bmfbandj lcu bv{r( luo~r( cu hccrf

you{r$ Koòjfk you{r `vr{ ef ufyhobfk n``fkno{fh~$

Kc dc{ knrorrfèhf cu `cknl~ {mf r~r{f`$ Rfo{ efh{

orrfèhnfr ` vr{ ef ufyhobfk ol{fu od obbnkfd{ nl {mf~

mo|f effd koòjfk -efd{ uf{uob{cu( {cud z feendj(

f{b$.

Rfo{ Efh{r odk Yufjdod{ Zc`fdZf ufbc``fdk {mo{ yufjdod{ z c`fd v rf {mf rfo{ efh{r

{mucvjmcv{ {mfnu yufjdodb~$ Affyndj {mf `c{mfu rolf nr

{mf efr{ zo~ {c affy {mf eoe~ rolf$

Yufjdod{ zc`fd rmcvhk zfou {mf hoy you{ cl {mf efh{

obucrr {mf {mnjmr od k or rdvj obucrr {mf m nyr or y crrnehf$

Affy {mf efh{ hcz rc {mo{ n{ kcfr dc{ bc`f obucrr {mf

oekc`fd$ [mo{ zo~ {mf r{ucdj ecdfr cl {mf mnyr z nhh {oaf

{mf lcubf nl {mfuf nr o bchhnrncd$

Rfo{ Efh{ F}{fdkfu

Nl o rfo{ efh{ nr {cc rmcu{ f|fd zmfd lvhh~ f}{fdkfk( od

ov{mcunwfk kfohfu bod yuc|nkf ~cv zn{m o rfo{ efh{

f}{fdkfu$ [mnr f}{fdkfu rmcvhk ef vrfk cdh~ nl {mf

f}nr{ndj efh{ nr dc{ hcdj fdcvjm$ Zmfd n{ nr dc{ ufqvnufk(

uf`c|f {mf f}{fdkfu odk r{cuf n{$

ZOUDNDJ/

Vrndj o rfo{ efh{ f}{fdkfu zmfd dc{ dffkfk bod

ndbuforf {mf unra cl ndgvu~ nd o bchhnrncd$ Cdh~ vrf {mf

f}{fdkfu zmfd {mf hoy efh{ nr dc{ hcdj fdcvjm zmfd

n{ nr zcud hcz odk rdvj( odk nd {mf ufbc``fdkfk

rfo{ndj ycrn{ncdr$ Uf`c|f odk r{cuf {mf f}{fdkfu

zmfd dc{ dffkfk$

[MNDJR [C ADCZ EFLCUF R[OU[NDJ ^CVU \FMNBHF 56


26/251

Rvyyhf`fd{oh Ufr{uond{ R~r{f` -RUR. Onueoj

[mnr |fmnbhf mor onueojr lcu {mf k un|fu odk yorrfdjfu or o

rvyyhf`fd{ {c {mf rfo{ efh{ ufr{uond{ r~r{f`r$ [mf kun|fur

onueoj nr `cvd{fk nd {mf r{ffundj zmffh$ [mf yorrfdjfulucd{oh onueoj nr `cvd{fk nd {mf ndr{uv`fd{ yodfh( vdkfu

o bc|fu òuafk RUR# ONUEOJ$

[mfrf onueojr ndlho{f nd mnjmfu ryffk lucd{oh n`yob{r$

[mf~ zcua zn{m {mf ndr{uv`fd{ yodfh adff echr{fu odk

{mf rfo{ efh{r {c yuc|nkf n`yuc|fk yuc{fb{ncd lcu {mf

kun|fu odk yorrfdjfu$

[mf |fmnbhf nr ohrc fqvnyyfk zn{m rnkf onueojr( hcbo{fk nd

{mf k un|fu odk yorrfdjfu k ccur$ Rnkf onueojr ohrc zcua

zn{m rfo{ efh{r {c n`yuc|f cbbvyod{ yuc{fb{ncd$

ZOUDNDJ/

Kc dc{ yv{ od~{mndj cd cu oucvdk {mf lucd{ onueoj

bc|fur cu o{{f`y{ {c òdvohh~ cyfd {mf`$ cv

ò~ koòjf {mf onueojr odk ~cv bcvhk ef ndgvufk

efbovrf {mf onueojr ouf dc{ {mfuf {c yuc{fb{ ~cv$

[mfrf yuc{fb{n|f bc|fur ouf kf rnjdfk {c cyfd cdh~

zmfd {mf onueojr ouf ndlho{fk$

Kc dc{ yhobf cegfb{r ef{zffd ~cv odk {mf rnkf

onueojr1 {mf yfulcuòdbf bcvhk ef ok|furfh~ ol

lfb{fk odk#cu cegfb{r bcvhk ef yvrmfk nd{c ~cv(

bovrndj rfuncvr ndgvu~$ Kc dc{ o{{obm bvy mchkf ur cu od~ c{mfu cegfb{r cd

cu oucvdk {mf kccu$ [mf ndlho{ndj rnkf onueoj

bcvhk kun|f cegfb{r nd{c cbbvyod{r( bovrndj rfun

cvr ndgvu~$

5< [MNDJR [C ADCZ EFLCUF R[OU[NDJ ^CVU \FMNBHF


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[mf rfo{ efh{r ouf kfrnjdfk {c yuc{fb{ ~cv nd òd~ {~yfr

cl bchhnrncdr$ [mf lucd{ onueojr kfyhc~ cdh~ nd `ckfuo{f

{c rf|fuf lucd{ bchhnrncdr$ Nd bfu{ond {~yfr cl bchhnrncdr(

ec{m {mf lucd{ odk rnkf onueojr ò~ ef {unjjfufk$ Ev{

f|fd nd bchhnrncdr zmfuf {mf onueojr zcua( ~cv dffk {mf

rfo{ efh{r {c affy ~cv nd {mf unjm{ y crn{ncd lcu {mf onueojr

{c yuc{fb{ ~cv yucyfuh~$

Mfuf ouf rc`f rn`yhf r{fyr ~cv bod {oaf {c `ndn`nwf

{mf unra cl mou` luc` o kfyhc~ndj onueoj$

?$ Ndlod{r nd ufoulobndj bmnhk rolf{~ rfo{r rmcvhk DF\FU

unkf nd {mf lucd{ rfo{ cl o |fmnbhf zn{m o y orrfdjfu lucd{oh

onueoj vdhfrr {mf onueoj nr rmv{ CLL$ Rff Yorrfdjfu

Onueoj Cd# Cll Rzn{bm odk [c Rmv{ Cll {mf Yorrfdjfu

Onueoj$ [mf ufoulobndj rfo{ yhobfr {mf` {cc bhcrf {c {mf

yorrfdjfu onu eoj nd {mf f|fd{ cl o buorm$ Od onueojkfyhc~`fd{ bod bovrf rf|fuf ndgvu~ cu k fo{m {c ndlod{r nd

{mnr y crn{ncd$

Bmnhkufd {mo{ ouf dc{ enj fdcvjm {c yucyfuh~ zfou {mf

|fmnbhf rfo{ efh{ -rff rfb{ncd cd Bmnhk Ufr{uond{. rmcvhk

ef rfbvufk nd bmnhk rolf{~ rfo{r cu eccr{fu rfo{r {mo{ ouf

oyyucyuno{f lcu {mf bmnhkr ojf( mfnjm{( odk zfnjm{$

Chkfu bmnhkufd zmc kc dc{ vrf bmnhk rolf{~ rfo{r cu

eccr{fu rfo{r rmcvhk unkf yucyfuh~ evbahfk$ Df|fu ohhcz

bmnhkufd {c yhobf {mf rmcvhkfu efh{ efmndk {mf` cu vdkfu

{mf ou`$

Nl o bmnhk luc` ? {c ?5 ~four chk `vr{ unkf nd {mf |fmnbhf(

` c |f { m f r fo { o r lo u e oba o r y c rr ne hf ( r m v { c ll { m f

yorrfdjfu onueoj( odk vrf {mf yucyfu bmnhk ufr{uond{$ Rff

{mf rfb{ncd cd Bmnhk Ufr{uond{$

cv rmcvhk ufok {mf ndr{uvb{ncdr y uc|nkfk zn{m ~cvu

bmnhk ufr{uond{ cu efh{ycrn{ncdndj eccr{fu rfo{ {c òaf

rvuf {mo{ ~cv ouf vrndj n{ yucyfuh~$

5$ Ohh cbbvy od{r rmcvhk z fou {mfnu hoy odk rmcvhkfu efh{r

yucyfuh~$

2$ [mf kun|fu odk yorrfdjfu rfo{r rmcvhk ef `c|fk eobaor lou or yuob{nboh {c ohhcz {mf lucd{ onueojr ucc` {c

ndlho{f$

;$ Kc dc{ hfod ojondr{ {mf kccu( or {mf rnkf onueojr znhh

ndlho{f lcubflvhh~ nd{c {mf ryobf ef{zffd ~cv odk {mf

kccu$ -Rff {mf rfb{ncd cd Rnkf Onueojr$.

[MNDJR [C ADCZ EFLCUF R[OU[NDJ ^CVU \FMNBHF 5:


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ZOUDNDJ/

Ufh~ndj cd {mf onueojr ohcdf bcvhk hfok {c `cuf

rf|fuf ndgvunfr nd o bchhnrncd$ [mf onueojr zcua

zn{m ~cvu rfo{ efh{ {c ufr{uond ~cv yucyfuh~$ Nd

rc`f bchhnrncdr {mf onueojr zcd{ kfyhc~ o{ ohh$

Ohzo~r zfou ~cvu rfo{ efh{r f|fd {mcvjm ~cv

mo|f onueojr$

Efndj {cc bhcrf {c {mf r{ffundj zmffh cu ndr{uv

`fd{ yodfh k vundj onueoj kfyhc ~`fd{ bcvhk bovrf

rfuncvr ndgvu~$

Onueojr dffk ucc` {c ndlho{f$ Rn{ eoba( bc`lcu{

oeh~ f}{fdkndj ~cvu ou`r {c ufobm {mf r{ffundj

zmffh cu ndr{uv`fd{ yodfh$

[mf rnkf onueojr ohrc dffk ucc` {c ndlho{f$ Kc dc{

hfod ojondr{ {mf kccu$ Rn{ vyunjm{ nd {mf bfd{fu cl

{mf rfo{$

Onueoj R~r{f` Bc`ycdfd{r

[mf onueoj r~r{f` bcdrnr{r cl {m f lchhczndj7

Onueoj bcd{uch `ckvhf odk nd{fudoh buorm rfdrcu

ONUEOJ ufokndfrr hnjm{

Kun|fu odk yorrfdjfu lucd{oh onueoj# ndlho{cu vdn{r

Kun|fu odk yorrfdjfu rnkf onueoj# ndlho{cu vdn{r

Yorrfdjfu onueoj Cd# Cll rzn{bm odk ndknbo{cu hnjm{

Vdnqvf r{ffundj zmffh odk bchv`d

Vdnqvf ndr{uv`fd{ yodfh

Nd{fubcddfb{ndj znundj

Adff n`yob{ echr{fu

Rnkf n`yob{ rfdrcur

Mcz {mf Lucd{ Onueoj R~r{f` Zcuar

O buorm rfdrcu nd {mf cbbvyod{ bc`you{`fd{ kf{fu`ndfr nl o lucd{oh n`yob{ nr rf|fuf fdcvjm {c ufqvnuf

{mf onueoj$ [mf rfdrcu znhh dc{ kf{fb{ rnkf( uchh c|fu( cu

ufou n`yob{r$ [mf rfdrcu nr bcddfb{fk {c {mf knojdcr{nb

vdn{ odk {c {mf onueoj# ndlho{cu vdn{$

[mf Cbbvy od{ Ufr{uond{ Bcd{uchhfu ` cdn{cur {mf ufokn

dfrr cl {mf fhfb{ucdnb you{r cl {mf r~r{f` zmfdf|fu {mf

njdn{ncd rz n{bm nr nd {mf R[OU[ cu CD# UVD yc rn{ncdr$

5= [MNDJR [C ADCZ EFLCUF R[OU[NDJ ^CVU \FMNBHF


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[mfrf ndbhvkf ohh cl {mf n{f`r hnr{fk oec|f f}bfy{ {mf

adff echr{fu( {mf ndr{uv`fd{ yodfh( odk {mf r{ffundj

zmffh odk bchv`d$

[mf Cbbvyod{ Ufr{uond{ Bcd{uchhfu ohrc {vudr cd {mf

ONUEOJ hnjm{ nd {mf ndr{uv`fd{ yodfh lcu lcvu rfbcdkr

zmfd {mf njdn{ ncd nr lnur{ {vudfk cd( {mfd {vudr {mf

hnjm{ cll$ Nl n{ kf{fb{r o òhlvdb{ncd nd od~ you{ cl {mf

r~r{f`( n{ {vudr cd {mf hnjm{ fn{mfu `c`fd{ounh~ cu

bcd{ndvcvrh~ kfyfdkndj cd {mf bcdkn{ ncd {mo{ nr

yufrfd{ o{ {mf {n`f$

[mf onueoj# ndlho{cu vdn{r ouf nd {mf bfd{fu cl {mf

r{ffundj zm ffh odk nd {mf ndr{uv`fd{ y odfh$ [mf zcukr

RUR# ONUEOJ ouf fècrrfk cd {mf onueoj bc|fur$

ZOUDNDJ/

Njdcundj {mf ONUEOJ hnjm { nd ~c vu ndr{uv`fd{ yodfh

bcvhk `fod ~cv zcd{ mo|f {mf onueojr {c yuc{fb{

~cv nd o bchhnrncd$ Nl {mf hnjm{ kcfr d c{ bc`f cd( r{o~r

cd ol{fu ~cv r{ou{ {mf |fmnbhf( cu nl n{ bc`fr cd or ~cv

kun|f( mo|f {mf onueoj r~r{f` bmfbafk unjm{ ozo~$

ZOUDNDJ/

Kc dc{ yv{ od~{mndj cd cu oucvdk {mf onueoj bc|fur

cu o{{f`y{ {c òdvohh~ cyfd {mf`$ ^cv ò~ koòjf

{mf onueojr odk ~cv bcvhk ef ndgvufk efbovrf {mf

onueojr ouf dc{ {mfuf {c yuc{fb{ ~cv$ [mfrf yuc{fb{n|f

bc|fur ouf kfrnjdfk {c cyfd cdh~ zmfd {mf onueojr

ouf ndlho{fk$

Zmfd {mf buorm rfdrcu kf{fb{r od n`yob{ ufqvnundj {mf

onueojr( n{ rnjdohr {mf ndlho{cu vdn{r$ O houjf qvod{n{~ cl

dcd{c}nb dn{ucjfd jor nr jfdfuo{fk {c ndlho{f {mf onu

eojr$ [mf onueoj bc|fur rfyouo{f odk lchk cv{ cl {mf

zo~ or {mf onueojr ndlho{f {c {mfnu lvhh rnwf$ [mf onueojr

{mfd qvnbah~ kflho{f zmnhf mfhyndj {c ufr{uond {mf

k un| fu o d k y o rr fd j fu$ [m f o nueo j j or nr | fd { fk{mucvjm {mf onueoj ò{funoh {czoukr {mf ndr{uv`fd{

yodfh$ Nd {mnr zo~ {mf onueojr kc dc{ nd{fulfuf zn{m

~cvu bcd{uch cl {mf |fmnbhf$

[MNDJR [C ADCZ EFLCUF R[OU[NDJ ^CVU \FMNBHF 5>


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[mf adff n`yob{ echr{fu mfhyr yuc{fb{ {mf adffr odk

zcuandj zn{m {mf rfo{ efh{r( ycrn{ncd ~cv lcu {mf efr{

nd{fuob{ncd zn{m {mf onueojr$

Nl o Kfyhc~`fd{ Cbbvur

ZOUDNDJ/

Kfyhc~fk onueojr bod{ yuc{fb{ ~cv nd odc{mfu bchhn

rncd$ Mo|f {mf onueojr ufyhobfk e~ od ov{mcunwfk

kfohfu or rccd or ycrrnehf$

[mf onueoj r~r{f` nr kfrnjdfk {c k fyhc~ zmfd {mf n`yob{

rfdrcur kf{fb{ o `ckfuo{f{crf|fuf lucd{oh bchhnrncd( {c

mfhy ufr{uond {mf kun|fu odk yorrfdjfu( odk {mfd {c

n``fkno{fh~ kflho{f$

DC[F7 O lucd{oh bchhnrncd {mo{ nr dc{ rf|fuf fdcvjm {c

dffk onueoj yuc{fb{ncd znhh dc{ ob{n|o{f {mf r~r{f`$ [mnr

k c fr d c { ` f od r c` f {m nd j nr z ucd j z n {m { m f o nue oj

r~r{f`$

Nl ~cv kc mo|f o bchhnrncd zmnbm k fyhc~r {mf onueojr( od~

cu ohh cl {mf lchhczndj ò~ cbbvu7

[mf d~hcd onueoj ò{funoh ò~ rc`f{n`fr bovrf oeuo

rncdr odk# cu rand ufkkfdndj {c {mf kun|fu odk yorrfd

jfu or {mf onueojr kfyhc~ odk vdlchk$ [mf oeuorncdr

ouf rn`nhou {c lunb{ncd ucyf evudr cu {mcrf ~cv `njm{

jf{ rhnkndj ohcdj o bouyf{ cu j~`dornv` lhccu$ [mf~ouf dc{ bovrfk e~ bcd{ob{ zn{m bmf`nbohr$ [mf~ ouf dc{

yfuòdfd{ odk dcuòhh~ mfoh qvnbah~$ Mczf|fu( nl ~cv

mo|fd{ mfohfk rnjdnlnbod{h~ zn{mnd o lfz ko~r( cu nl

~cv mo|f od ~ ehnr{fundj( rff ~cvu k cb{cu n`` fkno{fh~$

Or {mf onueojr kflho{f( ~cv ò~ rff rc`f r`cafhnaf

you{nbhfr$ [mf y ou{nbhfr ouf o dcuòh e~yuckvb{ cl {m f



31/251

yucbfrr {mo{ jfdfuo{fr {mf dcd{c}nb dn{ucjfd jor vrfk

lcu onueoj ndlho{ncd$ [mfrf onuecudf y ou{nbhfr ò~ nuun

{o{f {mf rand( f~fr( dcrf( cu {muco{$ Nl ~cv mo|f rand cu

f~f nuun{o{ncd( undrf {mf oufo z n{m bcch zo{fu$ Lcu d crf

cu {muco{ nuun{o{ncd( `c|f {c lufrm onu$ Nl {mf nuun{o{ncd

bcd{ndvfr( rff ~cvu kcb{cu$ Nl {mfrf you{nbhfr rf{{hf cd

~cvu bhc{mndj( lchhcz {mf jou`fd{ òdvlob{vufur nd

r{uvb{ncdr lcu bhfodndj$

N{ nr dc{ ok|nroehf {c kun|f ~cvu |fmnbhf ol{fu {mf

onueojr mo|f effd kfyhc~fk$ Nl ~cv ouf nd|ch|fk nd

odc{mfu bchhnrncd( {mf onueojr znhh dc{ ef nd yhobf {c

yuc{fb{ ~cv$

Mcz {mf Rnkf N`yob{ Onueoj R~r{f` Zcuar

[mf rnkf n`y ob{ onueojr ouf hcbo{fk nd {mf k ccur oec|f

{mf ouùfr{$

Rfyouo{f buorm rfdrcur nd {mf |fmnbhf kf{fu`ndf nl o

rnkf n`yob{ nr rf|fuf fdcvjm {c ufqvnuf {mf onueoj cd

{mf rnkf cl {mf |fmnbhf rvegfb{fk {c od n`yob{$ Or zn{m

{mf lucd{oh r~r{f`( {mf rfdrcur ouf bcddfb{fk {c {mf

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Zmfd o rnkf n`yob{ oec|f o yufkf{fu`ndfk {mufrmchk

cbbvur( {mf rfdrcur rnjdoh {mf ndlho{cu cd {mf n`y ob{fk

rnkf cl {mf |fmnbhf$ O houjf qvod{n {~ cl dcd{c}nb

dn{ucjfd jor nr jfdfuo{fk {c ndlho{f {mf onueoj$ [mf

kccu yodfh cyfdr {c ohhcz {mf onueoj {c ndlho{f {c n{r

lvhh rnwf$

[MNDJR [C ADCZ EFLCUF R[OU[NDJ ^CVU \FMNBHF 2?


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ZOUDNDJ/

Kc dc{ yv{ od~{mndj cd cu oucvdk {mf onueoj

bc|fur cu o{{f`y{ {c òdvohh~ cyfd {mf`$ cv

ò~ koòjf {mf onueojr odk ~cv bcvhk ef ndgvufk

efbovrf {mf onueojr ouf dc{ {mfuf {c yuc{fb{ ~cv$

[mfrf yuc{fb{n|f bc|fur ouf kfrnjdfk {c cyfd cdh~

zmfd {mf onueojr ouf ndlho{fk$

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cu oucvdk {mf kccu$ [mf ndlho{ndj rnkf onueoj

bcvhk kun|f {mf cegfb{r nd{c cbbvyod{r( bovrndj

rfuncvr ndgvu~$

[mf cyfuo{ncdoh ufokndfrr cl {mf rnkf onueoj r~r{f` nr

|funlnfk e~ {m f onueoj ndknbo{cu hnjm{ nd {mf ndr{uv` fd{

bhvr{fu zmfd {vudndj {mf af~ nd {mf njdn{ncd rzn{bm {c

{mf CD # UVD y crn{ncd$ Nl dc lovh{ nr kf{fb{fk( {mf hnjm{

znhh jc cv{ ol{fu oyyuc}nò{fh~ lcvu rfbcdkr$ Ol{fu {mf

hnjm{ jcfr cv{( {mf r~r{f` bcd{ndvfr {c `cdn{cu {mf

bc`ycdfd{r odk bnubvn{u~ cl {mf onueoj r~r{f` odk

znhh ndknbo{f o òhlvdb{ncd e~ bc`ndj cd ojond$ Nl {mf

hnjm{ kcfr dc{ bc`f cd o{ ohh( cu nl n{ lonhr {c jc cv{ ol{fu

{mf lcvu rfbcdkr( cu nl n{ bc`fr cd {mfufol{fu( o òh

lvdb{ncd nd {mf r~r{f` mor effd kf{fb{fk$ Rff ~cvu

ov{mcunwfk kfohfu lcu rfu|nbf$



33/251

ZOUDNDJ/

[mf kccu `cvd{fk rnkf onueoj kfyhc~r zn{m bcd

rnkfuoehf lcubf$ Efndj {cc bhcrf {c {mf kccu yodfh

kvundj onueoj kfyhc~`fd{ bcvhk bovrf rfuncvr

ndgvu~ cu kfo{m$

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lcu {mfnu rnwf odk ojf( fryfbnohh~ bmnhkufd ?5 odk

vdkfu$

[c m fhy o|cnk {mf yc{fd{noh lc u rfuncvr ndgvu~ odk

kfo{m rmcvhk {mf rnkf onueoj ef ob{n|o{fk( yhforf

lchhcz {mfrf jvnkfhndfr7

?$ Cbbvyod{r( fryfbnohh~ bmnhkufd( rmcvhk d f|fu hfod

ojondr{ {mf kccu nd {mf oufo zmfuf {mf rnkf onueoj

ndlho{fr1

5$ Cbbvyod{r dffk {c rn{ vyunjm{ nd {mf bfd{fu cl {mf

rfo{ {c jn|f {mf rnkf onueoj ucc` {c ndlho{f1

2$ Ohzo~r vrf {mf oyyucyuno{f ufr{uond{ lcu {mf cbbv

yod{ odk fdrvuf n{ nr yucyfuh~ vrfk$

Yorrfdjfu Lucd{ Onueoj Cd#Cll Rzn{bm

[mf cd# cll rzn{bm nr hcbo{fk o{ {mf unjm{ fdk cl {mf

ndr{uv`fd{ yodfh odk nr obbfrrnehf e~ cyfdndj {mf yor

rfdjfu kccu$

[mf cd# cll rzn{bm nr {c ef vrfk cd h~ zmfd {mf yorrfdjfu

nr7

od ndlod{ -hfrr {mod ? ~fou chk.(

o bmnhk( ojf ? {c ?5(

od okvh{ zn{m o `fknboh bcdkn{ncd zmnbm `oafr yor

rfdjfu onueoj ndlho{ncd -kfy hc~`fd{. o jufo{fu unra lcu

{mf yorrfdjfu {mod {mf unra cl mn{{ndj {mf kormecouk

-ndr{uv`fd{ yodfh. cu zndkrmnfhk nd o buorm$



34/251

Nl { m f o nueo j nr { v udf k c ll z m f d { m fuf n r o d ~ c {m fu

cbbvyod{ o{ {mo{ ycrn{ ncd( {mf rvyyhf`fd{oh ufr{uond{

yuc|nkfk e~ {mf onueoj znhh dc{ ef o|onhoehf$

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DC[F7 Zmfd {mf yorrfdjfu onueoj nr {vudfk cll( {mf

~fhhcz onueoj cll hnjm{ z nhh nhhv`ndo{f$

[c Rmv{ Cll {mf Yorrfdjfu Onueoj7

Yhobf {mf njdn{ncd af~ nd {mf cd# cll rzn{bm( {vud {mf

af~ bhcbaznrf( odk uf`c|f {mf af~ luc` {mf rzn{bm$

[mnr znhh rmv{ cll {mf yorrfdjfu lucd{ onueoj$

[mf onu eoj znhh uf`ond cll vd{nh {mf rzn{bm nr {vudfk

eoba {c {mf CD ycrn{ncd$

2; [MNDJR [C ADCZ EFLCUF R[OU[NDJ ^CVU \FMNBHF


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[mf rzn{bm kcfr DC[ {vud cll {mf rnkf onueoj$ [c [vud Cd {mf Yorrfdjfu Onueoj7

Yhobf {mf njdn{ncd af~ nd {mf cd# cll rzn{bm( {vud {mf

af~ bcvd{fubhcbaznrf( odk uf`c|f {mf af~ luc` {mfrzn{bm$ [mnr znhh {vud cd {mf yorrfdjfu onueoj$ [mf

Yorrfdjfu Onueoj Cll hnjm{ cd {mf bcdrchf znhh {vud cll(

cu znhh dc{ ef nhhv`ndo{fk zmfd {mf njdn{ncd nr {vudfk

{c {mf CD ycrn{ncd$

ZOUDNDJ/

[mf onueoj `o~ `ohlvdb{ncd odk rfuncvr ndgvu~

bcvhk ufrvh{ nl af~ nr hfl{ nd {mf onueoj rmv{ cll

rzn{bm$ Ohzo~r uf`c|f {mf af~$



36/251

@ond{ondndj ^cvu Onueoj R~r{f`

ZOUDNDJ/

@cknlnbo{ncdr {c od~ you{ cl {mf onueoj r~r{f`

bcvhk bovrf n{ {c lonh zmfd ~cv dffk n{$ ^cv bcvhk

ef ndgvufk efbovrf {mf onueoj nr dc{ {mfuf {c

yuc{fb{ ~cv$ Kc dc{ `cknl~ {mf bc`ycdfd{r cu

znundj( ndbhvkndj okkndj od~ andk cl eokjfr cu

r{nbafur {c {mf onueoj bc|fur$ Kc dc{ `cknl~ {mf

lucd{ e v`yfu cu |f mnbhf eck~ r{uvb{vuf$

cv dffk yucyfu adff n`yob{ yuc{fb{ncd nd o

bchhnrncd$ K c dc{ `cv d{ cu hcbo{f od~ ol{fu ouaf{

fqvny`fd{ cd cu efmndk {mf adff n`yob{ echr{fu$

cv bod e f nd gvufk nl ~c v ouf {cc bhcrf {c fn{mfu

onueoj bc|fu zmfd {mf onueojr ndlho{f$ N{ nr kodjfucvr {c {u~ {c ufyonu od~ you{ cl {mf onueoj

r~r{f` ~cvurfhl$ Kcd{ {u~ {c ufyonu {mf onueoj

r~r{f`$ Ef rvuf {c {fhh od~cdf zmc zcuar cd ~cvu

|fmnbhf {mo{ n{ mor onueojr$

Onueoj Hnjm{

cv znhh zod{ {c mo|f {mf onueojr ufok~ lcu

~cvu yuc{fb{ncd nd borf cl o bchhnrncd$ Zmnhf {mf

onueoj Rvyyhf`fd{oh Ufr{uond{ R~r{f` -RUR. nr

kfrnjdfk {c ef ònd{fdodbf luff( nl od~ cl {mf

lchhczndj cbbvur( mo|f od ov{mcunwfk kfohfu rfu|nbf {mf

r~r{f` n``fkno{fh~$

[mf ONUEOJ hnjm{ kcfr dc{ bc`f cd cu lhnbafur kvundj

{mf lcvu rfbcdkr zmfd {mf njdn{ncd rzn{bm nr lnur{

{vudfk cd$

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nd{fu|oh$

[mf hnjm{ lhnbafur cu bc`fr cd odk ufòndr cd zmnhf

kun|ndj$

Bmnhk Ufr{uond{

F|fu~cdf nd ~cvu |fmnbhf dffkr {c ef evbahfk vy ohh {mf

{n`f( eoenfr odk bmnhkufd( {cc$ F|fu~ r{o{f nd {mf Vdn{fk

R{o{fr odk ohh Bodoknod yuc|ndbfr ufqvnuf {mo{ ròhh

bmnhkufd unkf nd yucyfu ufr{uond{ r~r{f`r$ [mnr nr {mf hoz(

odk ~cv bod ef yucrfbv{fk lcu njdcundj n{$

2< [MNDJR [C ADCZ EFLCUF R[OU[NDJ ^CVU \FMNBHF


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ZOUDNDJ/

Nd o bchhnrncd( od vdufr{uondfk bmnhk( f|fd o {nd~

eoe~( bod efbc`f o `nrrnhf ndrnkf {mf |fmnbhf$ [mf

lcubf ufqvnufk {c mchk f|fd od ndlod{ cd ~cvu hoy

bcvhk efbc`f rc jufo{ {mo{ ~cv bcvhk dc{ mchk {mf

bmnhk( dc `o{{fu mcz r{ucdj ~cv ouf$ [mf bmnhk odk

c{mfur bcvhk ef eokh~ ndgvufk$ Od~ bmnhk unkndj nd

~cvu |fmnbhf rmcvhk ef nd o yucyfu ufr{uond{ lcu {mf

bmnhkr rnwf$

Ndlod{r odk Bmnhk Ufr{uond{r

[mfuf ouf knllfufd{ rnwfr odk {~yfr cl ufr{uond{r lcu

bmnhkufd luc` dfzecud rnwf {c {mf bmnhk oh`cr{ houjf

fdcvjm lcu od okvh{ rolf{~ efh{$ Ohzo~r bmfba {mf bmnhk

rfo{ Czdfur @odvoh {c fdrvuf ~cv mo|f {mf unjm{ rfo{lcu ~cvu bmnhk$ Vrf {mf ufr{uond{ {mo{ nr bcuufb{ lcu ~cvu

bmnhk7

Ro lf{ ~ f }y fu {r u fbc `` fd k { mo { bm nhk u fd u nk f

ufouzouklobndj nd {mf |fmnbhf vd{nh {mf~ ouf o{ hfor{

cdf ~fou chk odk zfnjm o{ hfor{ > aj -59 her$.$ [zc

{~yfr cl bmnhk ufr{uond{r bod ef vrfk ufouzouklobndj7

ndlod{ bouunfur od k bcd|fu{nehf bmnhk rfo{r$

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{c oecv { 59 her$ -> aj.$ Bcd|fu{ nehf bmnhk rfo{r bod e f

vrfk fn{mfu ufouzouklobndj cu lcuzouklobndj nd {mf

|fmnbhf$ Bcd|fu{nehf bmnhk rfo{r cl{fd mo|f o mnjmfu

zfnjm{ hn`n{ nd {mf ufouzouklobndj knufb{ncd {mod

ndlod{ bouunfur k c( rc {mf~ bod ef vrfk ufouzouklobndj

e~ bmnhkufd zm c zfnjm `cuf {mod 59 her$ -> aj. ev{ ouf

hfrr {mod cdf ~fou chk$ Ec{m {~y fr cl bmnhk ufr{uo nd{r ouf

mfhk nd {mf |fmnbhf e~ {mf hoy# rmcvhkfu efh{ cu {mf

HO[BM bmnhk ufr{uond{ odbmcuojf r~r{f`$ -Rff {mf

HO[BM Bmnhk Rfo{ Odbmcuojf R~r{f` rfb{ncd$.

Ufouzouklobndj bmnhk rfo{r `vr{ DF\FU ef vrfk nd{mf lucd{ rfo{ cl o |fmnbhf zn{m {mf lucd{ yorrfdjfu

onueoj vdhfrr {mf onueoj nr {vudfk cll$ Od onueoj

kfyhc~`fd{ bcvhk bovrf rf|fuf ndgvu~ cu kfo{m {c

ndlod{r nd {mnr ycrn{ncd$

[MNDJR [C ADCZ EFLCUF R[OU[NDJ ^CVU \FMNBHF 2:


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ZOUDNDJ/

O ufouzouk lobndj ndlod{ ufr{uond{ `vr{ dc{ ef

vrfk vdhfrr {mf yorrfdjfu onueoj mor effd rmv{

cll$ O ufouzouk lobndj ndlod{ ufr{uond{ ò~ ef

r{uvba e~ o kfyhc~ndj yorrfdjfu onueoj zmnbm

ò~ bovrf rf|fuf cu lo{oh ndgvu~ {c {mf ndlod{$

N`yucyfu ndr{ohho{ncd bod hfok {c lonhvuf cl o bmnhk

ufr{uond{$ N{ bcvhk bc`f hccrf nd o bchhnrncd$ [mf

bmnhk bcvhk ef eokh~ ndgvufk cu anhhfk$ Lchhcz {mf

òdvlob{vufur knufb{ncdr f}ob{h~ zmfd ndr{ohhndj

o bmnhk ufr{uond{$

Mfuf ouf rc`f {nyr cd jf{{ndj {mf `cr{ cv{ cl ~cvu bmnhk

ufr{uond{7

Eflcuf ev~ndj od~ ufr{uond{ r~r{f`( òaf rvuf {mo{ n{

mor o hoefh bfu{nl~ndj {mo{ n{ `ff{r ohh oyyhnboehf Rolf{~

R{odkoukr$ Zf ohrc ufbc``fdk {mo{ ~cv òaf rvuf

{mo{ ~cv bod ndr{ohh {mf bmnhk ufr{uond{ nd {mf |fmnbhf

zmfuf ~cv znhh vrf n{ eflcuf ~cv ev~ n{$

[mf ufr{uond{ `vr{ ef oyyucyuno{f lcu ~cvu bmnhkr

zfnjm{ odk mfnjm{$ Bmfba {mf hoefh cd {mf ufr{uond{ lcu

zfnjm{ odk mfnjm{ hn`n{r$

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ufr{uond{$ Nl ~cv ndr{ohh {mf ufr{uond{ n`y ucyfuh~( n{ ` o~

dc{ zcua zmfd ~cv dffk n{$

Evbahf {mf bmnhk nd{c {mf rfo{ obbcukndj {c {mf rfo{

òdvlob{vufur knufb{ncdr$

Zmfd ~cv u bmnhk ufr{uond{ nr dc{ nd v rf( rfbvuf n{ nd {m f

|fmnbhf zn{m {mf rfo{ efh{ cu uf`c|f n{ luc` {mf |fmnbhf$

Kc dc{ hfo|f n{ hccrf nd {mf |fmnbhf$ Nd o rvkkfd r{cy cu

bchh nrncd( n { bcvhk r{unaf {mf cbbvyod{r odk bovrf

rfuncvr yfurcdoh ndgvu~$

DC[F7 Lcu o kk n{ ncd oh nd lc u` o{ncd u flfu { czzz$rfo{bmfba$cuj cu bohh ?= {c ?= aj. odk zmc ouf chkfu

2= [MNDJR [C ADCZ EFLCUF R[OU[NDJ ^CVU \FMNBHF


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{mod cdf ~fou$ [mfrf bmnhk rfo{r ouf ohrc mfhk nd {mf

|fmnbhf e~ {mf hoy# rmcvhkfu efh{ cu {mf HO[BM bmnhk

ufr{uond{ odbmcuojf r~r{f`$ -Rff HO[BM Bmnhk Rfo{

Odbmcuojf R~r{f` rfb{ncd$.

[mf efh{ycrn{ncdndj eccr{fu rfo{ nr lcu bmnhkufd zfnjmndj

`cuf {mod ;9 her$ -?= aj.( ev{ zmc ouf r{nhh {cc r`ohh {c ln{

{mf |fmnbhfr rfo{ efh{r yucyfuh~$ Nl {mf bmnhk boddc{ rn{

zn{m ad ffr efd{ c|fu {mf |fmnbhfr rfo{ bvrmncd z mnhf {mf

bmnhkr eoba nr ojondr{ {mf rfo{ eoba( {mf~ rmcvhk vrf o

efh{ycrn{ ncdndj eccr{fu rfo{ $ [mf bmnhk odk efh{

ycrn{ncdndj eccr{fu rfo{ ouf mfhk nd {mf |fmnbhf e~ {mf

hoy# rmcvhkfu efh{$

Bmnhkufd [cc Houjf Lcu Eccr{fu Rfo{r

Bmnhkufd zmc ouf houjf fdcvjm {c zfou {mf rmcvhkfu efh{

bc`lcu{oeh~( odk zmcrf hfjr ouf hcdj fdcvjm {c efdkc|fu {mf lucd{ cl {mf rfo{ zmfd {mfnu eoba nr ojondr{ {mf

rfo{ eoba( rmcvhk vrf {mf hoy# rmcvhkfu efh{$

@oaf rvuf {mo{ {mf bmnhk nr vyunjm{ nd {mf rfo{$

[mf hoy ycu{ncd rmcvhk ef hcz cd {mf mnyr odk or rdvj

or ycrrnehf$

Bmfba efh{ ln{ yfuncknbohh~$ O bmnhkr rqvnu`ndj cu

rhcvbmndj bod `c|f {mf efh{ cv{ cl ycrn{ncd$

Nl {mf rmcvhkfu efh{ bcd{ob{r {mf lobf cu dfba( `c|f {mfbmnhk bhcrfu {c {mf bfd{fu cl {mf |fmnbhf$ Df|fu ohhcz o

bmnhk {c yv { {mf rmcvhkfu efh{ vdk fu od ou` cu efmndk

{mfnu eoba$

HO[BM Bmnhk Rfo{ Odbmcuojf R~r{f` -Hczfu

Odbmcur odk [f{mfu lcu Bmnhkufd.

cvu |fmnbhfr y orrfdjfu rfo{ nr fqv nyyfk zn{m {mf bmnhk

ufr{uond{ odbmcuojf r~r{f` bohhfk HO[BM$ [mf HO[BM

r~r{f` yuc|nkfr lcu {mf ndr{ohho{ncd cl {mf bmnhk ufr{uond{

zn{mcv{ vrndj {mf |fmnbhfr efh{r( ndr{fok rfbvundj {mf

bmnhk ufr{uond{ vrndj hczfu odbmcuojfr odk vyyfu {f{mfu

r{uoyr luc` {mf bmnhk ufr{uond{ {c {mf |fmnbhf r{uvb{vuf$

HO[BMbc`yo{nehf bmnhk ufr{uond{r ouf dcz o|onhoehf$Ndr{ohhndj {mf HO[BMBc`yo{nehf Bmnhk Ufr{uond{

R~r{f`

Zf vujf {mo{ ~cv bouflvhh~ lchhcz {mf knufb{ncdr cl {mf

`odv lob{vufu z mfd ndr{ohhndj ~cvu bmnhk ufr{uond{$ [mfrf

[MNDJR [C ADCZ EFLCUF R[OU[NDJ ^CVU \FMNBHF 2>


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ouf jfdfuoh ndr{uvb{ncdr( odk dc{ ohh bmnhk ufr{uond{ r~r

{f`r znhh ef ndr{ohhfk f}ob{h~ or kfrbunefk mfuf$ Ojond(

bouflvhh~ lchhcz {mf ndr{ohho{ncd ndr{uvb{ncdr {m o{ z fuf

yuc|nkfk zn{m {mf bmnhk ufr{uond{ r~r{f`$

[mf yorrfdjfu rfo{ hczfu odbmcuojfr ouf ucvdk eour(

hcbo{fk o{ {mf ufou cl {mf rfo{ bvrmncd zmfuf n{ `ff{r {mf

rfo{ eoba( odk ouf gvr{ | nrnehf zmfd ~cv hfod nd {c ndr{ohh

{mf bmnhk ufr{uond{$ cv znhh fornh~ lffh {mf` nl ~cv uvd

~cvu lndjfu ohcdj {mf nd{furfb{ncd cl {mf rfo{ eoba odk

rfo{ bvrmncd rvulobfr$

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eoba cl {mf rfo{ bvrmncd luo`f$ N{ nr |nrnehf e~ `c|ndj {mf

yorrfdjfu rfo{ lcuzouk nd {mf |fmnbhf$

@od~( ev{ dc{ ohh HO[BMBc`yo{nehf bmnhk ufr{uond{r~r{f`r znhh ef fqvnyyfk zn{m rfyouo{f r{uoyr cd fobm

rnkf( zn{m fobm mo|ndj o mcca cu bcddfb{cu lcu o{{obm

`fd{ {c {mf hczfu odbmcuojf odk o `fodr cl okgvr{ndj

{mf {fdrncd nd {mf r{uoy$ Lcuzouk lobndj {ck khfu ufr{uond{r

odk rc`f ufoulobndj ndlod{ ufr{uond{r znhh ohrc ef

;9 [MNDJR [C ADCZ EFLCUF R[OU[NDJ ^CVU \FMNBHF


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fqvnyyfk zn{m o {f{mfu r{uoy( o mcca lcu o{{obm`fd{ {c {m f

{f{mfu r{uoy odbmcuojf odk o `fodr cl okgvr{ndj {mf

{fdrncd cl {mf r{uoy$

cv z nhh lnur{ hccrfd {mf ok gvr{fur cd { mf hczfu r{u oyr od k

cd {mf {f{mfu r{uoy rc {mo{ ~cv bod `cuf fornh~ o{{obm {mf

mccar cu bcddfb{cur {c {mf |fmnbhf odbmcuojfr$ Df}{( ~cv

bod o{{obm {mf {f{mfu r{uoy {c {mf odbmcu e~ `c|ndj {mf

yorrfdjfu rfo{ lcuzouk$ Ucv{f {mf bmnhk ufr{uond{ {f{mfu

knufb{h~ c|fu {mf {cy cl {mf rfo{( {mucvjm {mf r{uoy dfou

{mf {cy cl {mf rfo{ eoba( odk o{{obm {mf mcca {c {mf odbmcu

eou$ Ufbhndf {mf rfo{ eoba odk `c|f {m f yorrfdjfu rfo{ or

lou ufouzouk or ycrrnehf$ Df}{( o{{obm {m f hczfu mccar {c

{mf yorrfdjfu rfo{ hczfu odbmcu eour e~ yvrmndj ornkf

{mf rfo{ bc|fu ò{funoh$ Lndohh~( {njm{fd ohh {muff r{uoyr or

~cv yvrm {mf bmnhk ufr{uond{ ufouzouk odk kczdzouk

nd{c {mf rfo{( uf`c|ndj rhoba nd {mf r{uoyr obbcukndj {c{mf bmnhk ufr{uond{ òdv lob{vufur ndr{uvb{ncdr$

ZOUDNDJ/

N`yucyfu ndr{ohho{ncd cl o bmnhk ufr{uond{ {c {mf

HO[BM odbmcuojfr bod hfok {c lonhvuf cl od ndlod{ cu

bmnhk ufr{uond{$ [mf bmnhk bcvhk ef eokh~ ndgvufk cu

anhhfk$ Lchhcz {mf òdvlob{vufur knufb{ncdr f}ob{h~

zmfd ndr{ohhndj od ndlod{ cu bmnhk ufr{uond{$

Ndr{ohhndj Bmnhk Ufr{uond{r Vrndj {mf \fmnbhf Rfo{

Efh{

Bmnhk ufr{uond{r bod ef rfbvufh~ lor{fdfk nd {mf yorrfdjfu

rfo{ vrndj {mf rfo{ efh{r$ Lcu {mnr yvuycrf( {mf yorrfdjfu

rfo{ efh{ uf{uob{cu y uc|nkfr {z c `ckfr cl cyfuo{ncd

dcuòh f`fujfdb~ hcbandj odk ov{cò{nb hcbandj$ Lcu

bmnhk ufr{uond{ ndr{ohho{ncd( {mf uf{uob{cu rz n{bmfr {c ov{c

ò{nb hcbandj zmfd {mf efh{ nr yvhhfk cv{ {c {mf lvhh f}{fd{cl n{r {uo|fh$ Or {mf efh{ uf{uob{r( {mf uf{uob{cu hcbar {c

yuf|fd{ {mf efh{ luc` efndj yvhhfk cv{ ojond$ Yvhhndj {mf

efh{ rdvjh~ c|fu {mf bmnhk ufr{uond{ {czouk {mf uf{uob{cu

rfbvufr {m f ufr{uond{ nd yhobf$ Zmfd {mf efh{ uf{uob{r lvhh~

ol{fu bmnhk ufr{uond{ uf`c|oh( dcuòh -f`fujfdb~ hcbandj.

[MNDJR [C ADCZ EFLCUF R[OU[NDJ ^CVU \FMNBHF ;?


42/251

uf{uob{cu ob{ncd nr ufr{cufk$ Od~ rfo{ efh{ r~r{f` znhh

hccrfd z n{m {n`f( rc bmfba {mf efh{ cbborncdohh~ odk yv hh

n{ {njm{ nl dfbfrrou~$

Nl ~cvu bmnhk ufr{uond{ nr fqvnyyfk zn{m o {f{mfu r{uoy(

o{{obm n{ {c {mf |fmnbhf e~ lnur{ `c|ndj {mf rfo{ eoba lvhh~

lcuzouk$ Df}{( ucv{f {mf bmnhk ufr{uond{ {f{mfu knufb{h~

c|fu {mf {cy cl {mf rfo{( {mucvjm {mf r{uoy dfou {mf {cy cl

{mf rfo{ eoba( odk o{ {obm {mf mcca {c {mf odbmcu eou$

Ufbhndf {mf rfo{ eoba odk `c|f {mf yorrfdjfu rfo{ or lou

ufouzouk or ycrrnehf$ Uf`c|f rhoba nd {m f {f{mfu r{uoy or

~cv yvrm {mf bmnhk ufr{uond{ kczdzouk odk ufouzouk(

lchhczndj {mf bmnhk ufr{uond{ òdv lob{vufur ndr{uv b{ncdr$

Bmnhk Ufr{uond{ [f{mfu Odbmcu Jfdfuoh

Ndlcuò{ncd

Bmnhk ufr{uond{r mo|ndj {f{mfu r{uoyr odk mccar lcu bcddfb{ncd {c {f{mfu odbmcur mo|f effd o|onhoehf lcu rc`f

{n`f$ Nd lob{( ` od~ bmnhk ufr{uond{ òdvlob{vufur z nhh

yuc|nkf okkcd {f{mfu r{uoy an{r lcu bfu{ond cl {mfnu chkfu

yuckvb{r$ [mfuf nr o {f{mfu r{uoy odbmcu efmndk {mf

yorrfdjfu rfo{$

[c o {{ obm { m f { f{ m fu r {uo y { c { m f o d bm c u( ` c |f { m f

rfo{eoba lvhh~ lcuzouk$ Yorr {mf bmnhk ufr{uond{ {f{mfu

mcca c|fu {mf {cy cl {mf rfo{( {mucvjm {mf r{uoy dfou {mf

{cy cl {mf rfo{ eoba( odk o{{obm n{ {c {mf odbmcu eou efmndk

{mf yorrfdjfu rfo{( efhcz {mf rfo{eoba$ Ol{fu rfbvundj {mf

{f{mfu mcca {c {mf eou( ufbhndf {mf rfo{eoba lvhh~ ufouzouk

odk `c|f {mf rfo{ {c n{r `cr{ ufouzouk y crn{ncd$

Ndr{ohh {mf bmnhk ufr{uond{ odk uf{vud {mf rfo{eoba {c od

vyunjm{ ycrn{ncd$ Uf`c|f rhoba luc` {mf {f{mfu r{uoy

obbcukndj {c {mf bmnhk ufr{uond{ òdvlob{vufur knufb{ncdr$

;5 [MNDJR [C ADCZ EFLCUF R[OU[NDJ ^CVU \FMNBHF


43/251

ZOUDNDJ/

Od ndbcuufb{h~ odbmcufk {f{mfu r{uoy bcvhk hfok {c

ndbuforfk mfok `c{ncd odk ycrrnehf ndgvu~ {c {mf

bmnhk$ Vrf cdh~ {mf odbmcu ycrn{ncd knufb{h~ efmndk

{mf bmnhk rfo{ {c rfbvuf o bmnhk ufr{uond{ {cy {f{mfu

r{uoy$

[uodrycu{ndj Yf{r

Kfyhc~ndj onueojr bcvhk mou` ~cvu y f{$ Od v dufr{uondfk

yf{ z nhh ef {muczd oecv{ odk ycrrneh~ ndgvufk( cu ndgvuf o

yorrfdjfu kvundj yodnb euoandj cu nd o bchhnrncd$

Yf{r rmcvhk ef ufr{uondfk nd yf{ moudfrrfr cu yf{ bouunfur

{mo{ ouf rfbvufk e~ rfo{ efh{r$

FDJNDF EUFOAND UFBC@@FDKO[NCDR

[mf fdjndf nd ~cvu d fz Bucrrlnuf kcfr dc{ ufqvnuf o hcdj

eufoand yfunck$ Lchhczndj {mfrf lfz rn`yhf jvnkfhndfr nr

ohh {mo{ nr dfbfrrou~ lcu o jcck eufoand$

Kun|f ~cvu |fmnbhf o{ `ckfuo{f |fmnbhf odk fdjndf

ryffkr kvundj {mf lnur{ ?(999 `nhfr -?(


44/251

ROLF[^ [NYR

F}movr{ Jor

ZOUDNDJ/

F}movr{ jorfr bod ndgvuf cu anhh$ [mf~ bcd {ond bouecd

`cdc}nkf -BC. zmnbm nr bchcuhfrr odk ckcuhfrr$

Eufo{mndj n{ bod òaf ~cv vdbcdrbncvr odk bod

f|fd{vohh~ ycnrcd ~cv$ [c o|cnk eufo{mndj -BC.

lchhcz {mf rolf{~ {nyr efhcz$

Kc dc{ uvd {mf fdjndf nd o bhcrfk jouojf cu nd bcdlndfk

oufor od~ hcdjfu {mod dffkfk {c `c|f ~cvu |fmnbhf nd

cu cv{ cl {mf oufo$

Nl n{ nr dfbfrrou~ {c rn{ nd o youafk |fmnbhf zn{m {mffdjndf uvddndj( okgvr{ ~cvu mfo{ndj cu bcchndj bcd

{uchr {c lcubf cv{rnkf o nu nd{c {m f |fmnbhf$ Rf{ {mf ehczfu

o{ mnjm ryffk$

[c o|cnk kuozndj f}movr{ jorfr nd{c {mf |fmnbhf( bhcrf

{mf ufou hnl{jo{f zmnhf kun|ndj$ Mczf|fu( nl lcu rc`f

uforcd n{ `v r{ ufònd cy fd( bhcrf ohh zndk czr$ Okgvr{

{mf mfo{ndj cu bcchndj r~r{f` {c lcubf cv{rnkf onu nd{c

{mf |fmnbhf$ Rf{ {mf ehczfu o{ mnjm ryffk$

Rolf{~ Bmfbar ^cv Rmcvhk @oaf Ndrnkf {mf\fmnbhf

Rfo{ Efh{r

Ndryfb{ {mf efh{ r~r{f` yfuncknbohh~( bmfbandj lcu bv{r(

luo~r odk hccrf you{r$ Koòjfk you{r `v r{ ef ufyhobfk

n``fkno{fh~$ Kc dc{ knrorrfèhf cu `cknl~ {mf r~r{f`$

Rfo{ efh{ orrfèhnfr `vr{ ef ufyhobfk ol{fu od obbnkfd{ nl

{mf~ m o|f effd koòjfk -efd{ uf{uob{cu( {cud zfeendj(

f{b$.$ Nl {mfuf nr od~ qvfr{ncd ufjoukndj efh{ cu uf{uob{cu

bcdkn{ncd( rff ~cvu ov{mcunwfk kfohfu$

Onueoj Hnjm{

[mf hnjm{ rmcvhk bc`f cd odk ufònd cd lculcvu rfbcdkr or o evhe bmfba zmfd {m f njdn{ncd

rzn{bm nr lnur{ {vudfk CD$ Nl {mf evhe nr dc{ hn{

kvundj r{ou{ndj( mo|f n{ ufyhobfk$ Nl {mf hnjm{

r{o~r cd cu bc`fr cd zmnhf kun|ndj( mo|f {mf r~r{f`

bmfbafk e~ od ov{mcunwfk kfohfu$

;; [MNDJR [C ADCZ EFLCUF R[OU[NDJ ^CVU \FMNBHF


45/251

Kflucr{fur

Bmfba cyfuo{ncd e~ yufrrndj {mf O# B bcd{uch ev {{cd(

rfhfb{ndj {mf k flucr{ `ck f odk yhobndj {m f ehczfu bcd{uch

cd mnjm ryffk $ cv rm cvhk ef oehf {c lffh {mf onu knufb{fk

ojondr{ {mf zndkrmnfhk$

Yfuncknb Rolf{~ Bmfbar ^cv Rmcvhk @oaf Cv{rnkf{mf \fmnbhf

[nufr

F}o`ndf {nufr lcu f}bfrrn|f {ufok zfou cu vdf|fd zfou

yo{{fudr$ Bmfba lcu r{cdfr( donhr( jhorr( cu c{mfu cegfb{r

hckjfk nd {mf {ufok$ Ndryfb{ lcu {ufok bv{r cu rnkfzohh

buobar$ Bmfba zmffh dv{r lcu { njm{dfrr odk { nufr lcu

yucyfu yufrrvuf$

Hnjm{r

Mo|f rc`fcdf cerfu|f {mf cyfuo{ncd cl f}{funcu hnjm{r

zmnhf ~cv zcua {mf bcd{uchr$ Bmfba {vud rnjdoh odk mnjm

efo` ndknbo{cu hnjm{r cd {mf ndr{uv`fd{ yodfh$

Lhvnk Hfoar

Bmfba oufo vdkfu |fmnbhf ol{fu c|fudnjm{ youandj lcu lvfh(

zo{fu( cnh( cu c{mfu lhvnk hfoar$ Ohrc( nl jorchndf lv`fr ouf

yufrfd{( {mf bovrf rmcvhk ef bcuufb{fk n``fkno{fh~$

DC[F7 Vrf cl {mf onu bcdkn{ncdndj `o~ bovrf yvkkhfr

cl zo{fu {c lcu` vdk fu {mf |fmnbhf$

[MNDJR [C ADCZ EFLCUF R[OU[NDJ ^CVU \FMNBHF ;6


46/251


47/251

VDKFUR[ODKNDJ [MF LFO[VUFR CL ^CVU \FMNBHF

BCD[FD[R

Bcdrchf Lfo{vufr $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $;>

R{cuojf Bc`you{`fd{r $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $;>

Orm{uo~ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $6?

Bcnd Mchkfu $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $65

Yczfu Cv{hf{# Bnjou Hnjm{fu $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $65

Jhc|f Bc`you{`fd{ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $62

Bvymchkfu $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $62

@nuucur $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $6;

Okgvr{ndj [mf Ndrnkf Ko~# Dnjm{ @nuucu $ $ $ $ $ $6;

F}{funcu @nuucur Lchkndj Lfo{vuf $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $66

Mfo{fk Uf`c{f Bcd{uch @nuucur $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $66

Cv{rnkf @nuucur $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $66

Yczfu Uf`c{f Bcd{uch Cv{rnkf @nuucur $ $ $ $ $ $6

[c Cyfd Odk Bhcrf [mf Mcck $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $6>

Nd{funcu Hnjm{r $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $


48/251

Ndr{uv`fd{ Yodfh Hnjm{ndj $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $


49/251

BCDRCHF LFO[VUFR

[mf bcdrchf mor o y czfu cv {hf{# bnjou hnjm{fu( od orm {uo~

zn{m o bcnd m chkfu( o bvymchkfu( odk {mf yorrfdjfu onueoj

hnjm{$ Nd okkn{ncd( {mfuf ouf rzn{bmfr {c bcd{uch {mf mfo{fk

rfo{r( ufou rycnhfu( fhfb{ucdnb r{oenhn{~ yucjuo` -FRY.(

mowouk lhormfur( bfd{uoh hcbandj( ufou kflucr{fu odk {cz

ndj ohou`$

Cyfuo{ndj bcd{uchr lcu {mf mfo{ndj odk onu bcdkn{ncdndj

r~r{f`r( yczfu zndkczr( ycz fu `nuucur( odk {mf ov{c

`o{nb {uodr`nrrncd yucjuo` `ckf rfhfb{cu rzn{bm -nl

fqvnyyfk. ouf ohrc hcbo{fk nd {mf bcdrchf$

R{cuojf Bc`you{`fd{r

[mfuf nr o r{cuojf bc`you{`fd{ nd {mf bcdrchf$ [c cyfd

{mf r{cuojf bc`you{`fd{( h nl{ {mf h nk zn{m {mf lndjfu

kfyufrrncdr cd fn{mfu rnkf$ [c bhcrf( hczfu {mf hnk vd{nh

{mf hcba fdjojfr$

VDKFUR[ODKNDJ [MF LFO[VUFR CL ^CVU \FMNBHF ;>


50/251

O boujc df{ lcu r{cuojf nr hcbo{fk nd {mf lcc{zfhh oufo cd

{mf yorrfdjfu rnkf$

Okkn{ncdohh~( r{cuojf ycbaf{r ouf hcbo{fk cd {mf zohh

efmndk fobm rfo{ odk cd fobm kccu y odfh$

O r{cuojf ycvbm nr hcbo{fk cd {mf ufou zohh ef{zffd {mfrfo{r( odk {mf kun|fur rvd|nrcu mor o kcbv`fd{ r{uoy$

ZOUDNDJ/

Affy bc`you{`fd{ hnkr bhcrfk$ [mnr znhh mfhy {c

yuf|fd{ r {cufk cegfb{r luc` efndj {muczd oecv{ odk

ndgvundj |fmnbhf cbbvyod{r kvundj od obbnkfd{$

69 VDKFUR[ODKNDJ [MF LFO[VUFR CL ^CVU \FMNBHF


51/251

Orm{uo~

Hnjm{h~ {cvbm {mf ec{{c` cl {mf orm{uo~ bc|fu$ [mf

orm{uo~ znhh cyfd ov{c`o{nbohh~$

[c uf`c|f {mf orm{uo~ ndrfu{( yvhh {mf orm{uo~ yor{ {mf

kf{fd{ $ Mchk ec{m rnkfr cl {mf ndrfu{ ( odk yvhh vy$ [c

ndr{ohh {mf orm{uo~( yhobf n{ nd {mf luo`f odk yv rm kcz d {c

fdjojf$

ZOUDNDJ/

Uf`c|f {mf orm{uo~ cdh~ zn{m {mf |fmnbhf r{cyyfk

odk {mf njdn{ncd cll$ C{mfuznrf( {mf |fmnbhf `njm{

`c|f vdf}yfb{fkh~ or o ufrvh{ cl vdnd{fdkfk bcd{ob{

zn{m {mf jfou rfhfb{cu hf|fu$

VDKFUR[ODKNDJ [MF LFO[VUFR CL ^CVU \FMNBHF 6?


52/251

Bcnd Mchkfu

Zn{m {mf orm{uo~ cyfd( lchkndj kczd {mf bc|fu yho{f

uf|fohr {mf bcnd mchkfu( z mnbm bod obbc``cko{f dndf

bcndr nd |ouncvr rnwfr vy {c o V$R$ qvou{fu$ [mf bcnd rhc{r

ouf rmoyfk {c uf{ond {mf bcndr( odk {m f bc|fu y ho{f fdrvufr

{mo{ {mf bcndr ufònd nd {mf bcnd mchkfu$

Yczfu Cv{hf{#Bnjou Hnjm{fu[mf kvohyvuycrf yczfu cv{hf{ nr hcbo{fk nd {mf bcdrchf(

df}{ {c {mf yorrfdjfu onueoj cll zoudndj hnjm{$ [mf yczfu

cv{hf{ bod obbc``cko{f o hnjm{fu cu fhfb{unboh obbfrrcunfr

vy {c o ò}n`v` cl ?6 o`yr$ [mf cv{hf{ nr yuc{fb{fk e~

o ?6 o`y lvrf( hcbo{fk efmndk {mf lvrf bc|fu cd {mf hfl{

fdk cl {mf ndr{uv`fd{ yodfh$

[mf hnjm{fu znhh cyfuo{f cdh~ zmfd {mf njdn{ncd rzn{bm nrnd {mf CD# OBB ycrn{ncd$ N{ mfo{r vy z mfd yv rmfk nd odk

ycyr cv{ ov{cò{nbohh~ zmfd ufok~ lcu vrf$ [c yufrfu|f

{mf mfo{ndj fhf`fd{( kc dc{ mchk {mf hnjm{fu nd {mf mfo{ndj

ycrn{ncd$

65 VDKFUR[ODKNDJ [MF LFO[VUFR CL ^CVU \FMNBHF


53/251

Jhc|f Bc`you{`fd{

[c hcba {mf jhc|f bc`you{`fd{( {vud {mf af~ {c {mf unjm{

odk uf`c|f$ [c vdhcba( {vud {mf af~ {c {mf hfl{ odk

uf`c|f$

Yvhh cd {mf modk hf {c cyfd {mf jhc|f bc`you{`fd{$

BVYMCHKFU[mf bvymchkfu nr hcbo{fk nd {mf bcdrchf$ [c cyfd {mf

bvymchkfu( jfd{h~ y ufrr k czdzouk cd {mf lucd{ fkjf cl

{mf {cy yodfh( odk {mfd ufhforf$ [mf bvymchkfu znhh cyfd

ov{c`o{nbohh~$

Zmfd {mf bvymchkfu nr dc hcdjfu dffkfk( yvrm lcuzouk

cd {mf {cy fkjf cl {mf kccu odk uc{o{f n{ kczd nd{c {mf

bcdrchf vd {nh n{ fdjojfr$

[mf bvymchkfu nr k frnjdfk {c mchk ef|fuojf bcd{ondfurvy {c 59 cw$ -? H.$

BOV[NCD/

Cdh~ vrf bcd{ondfur {mo{ ln{ nd{c {mf bvymchkfu$

C|fulnhhfk bcd{ondfur bcvhk rynhh kvundj |fmnbhf `odfv|fur$

VDKFUR[ODKNDJ [MF LFO[VUFR CL ^CVU \FMNBHF 62


54/251

@NUUCUR

Okgvr{ndj [mf Ndrnkf Ko~#Dnjm{ @nuucu

[mf `nuucu rmcvhk ef okgvr{fk {c bfd{fu cd {mf |nfz{mucvjm {mf ufou z ndkcz$

Ov{cò{nb Kn``ndj @nuucu Lfo{vuf

Zmfd {mf njdn{ncd rzn{bm nr nd {mf CD cu UVD ycrn{ncd(

{mf ov{cò{nb od{njhouf lfo{vuf nr ob{n|o{fk$ [mnr lfo{vuf

ov{cò{nbohh~ ufrycdkr {c bmodjfr nd hnjm{ rfdrn{n|n{~(

odk okgvr{r `nuucu eunjm{dfrr obbcukndjh~$

[c onk |nrnenhn{~ z mnhf eobandj {mf | fmnbhf( {mf k n``ndj

lfo{vuf nr {vudfk cll zmfd uf|furf jfou nr rfhfb{fk$ZOUDNDJ/

Nl {mf `nuucu eufoar nd od obbnkfd{( hnqvnk fhfb{uch~{f

ò~ frboyf {mf `nuucu mcvrndj$ Hnqvnk fhfb{uch~{fmor od nuun{o{ndj fllfb{$ Kc dc{ ohhcz {mf hnqvnk {c

bc`f nd{c bcd{ob{ zn{m f~fr( rand( ufrynuo{cu~ r~r{f`(

cu bhc{mndj$ Rmcvhk {mnr cbbvu( n``fkno{fh~ lhvrm {mf

ollfb{fk oufo zn{m zo{fu odk rffa `fknboh mfhy nl

dfbfrrou~$

6; VDKFUR[ODKNDJ [MF LFO[VUFR CL ^CVU \FMNBHF


55/251

F}{funcu @nuucur Lchkndj Lfo{vuf

Ohh f}{funcu `nuucur ouf mndjfk {c `c|f lcuzouk cu

ufouzouk {c ufrnr{ koòjf$ [mf mndjfr mo|f {muff kf{fd{

ycrn{ncdr7 lvhh lcuzouk( lvhh ufouzouk( odk dcuòh$

Mfo{fk Uf`c{f Bcd{uch @nuucur

Ec{m cv {rnkf `nuucur ouf mfo{fk {c `fh{ lucr{ cu nbf zmfd

{mf Ufou Zndkcz Kflucr{fu rzn{bm nr kfyufrrfk$

Cv{rnkf @nuucur

Okgvr{ {mf cv{rnkf `nuucur {c bfd{fu cd {mf okgobfd{ hodf

cl {uollnb( zn{m o rhnjm{ c|fuhoy cl {mf |nfz rffd nd {mf

ndrnkf `nuucu$

ZOUDNDJ/

\fmnbhfr odk c{mfu cegfb{r rffd nd {mf yorrfdjfu rnkf

bcd|f} `nuucu z nhh hcca ròhhfu odk lou{mfu ozo~

{mod {mf~ ob{vohh~ ouf$ Ufh~ndj {cc `vbm cd ~cvu

yorrfdjfu rnkf `nuucu bcvhk bovrf ~cv {c bchhnkf

zn{m odc{mfu |fmnbhf c u c{mfu cegfb{$ Vrf ~cvu ndrnkf

`nuucu {c gvkjf {mf rnwf cu knr{odbf cl ce gfb{r rffd nd

{mf bcd|f} `nuucu$

VDKFUR[ODKNDJ [MF LFO[VUFR CL ^CVU \FMNBHF 66


56/251

Yczfu Uf`c{f Bcd{uch Cv{rnkf @nuucur

[mf `nuucur bod ef okgvr{fk e~ vrndj {mf uf`c{f bcd{uch

hcbo{fk nd {mf bcdrchf$ Uc{o{f {mf rzn{bm {c {mf unjm{ {c

rfhfb{ {mf unjm{ `nuucu( uc{o{f {c {mf hfl{ {c rfhfb{ {mf hfl{

`nuucu$ [mfd vrf {mf rzn{bm {c okgvr{ {mf rfhfb{fk `nuucu

{c {mf kfrnufk knufb{ncd$

6< VDKFUR[ODKNDJ [MF LFO[VUFR CL ^CVU \FMNBHF


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\odn{~ @nuucur

O |odn{~ `nuucu nr cd fobm rvd |nrcu$ [c vrf {mf `nuucu(

uc{o{f {mf rvd |nrcu kczd odk rhnkf cyfd {mf `nuucu

bc|fu$

RFO[R

Kun|fu Fnjm{Zo~ Yczfu Rfo{

[mf rzn{bmfr {c okgvr{ {mf y czfu rfo{r ouf hcbo{fk cd {mfcv{ecouk rnkf cl fobm rfo{$ [mf kun|fur rfo{ lfo{vufr

fnjm{zo~ yczfu okgvr{`fd{ mcunwcd{oh( |fu{nboh( bvrm

ncd {nh{ odk eoba odjhf$

VDKFUR[ODKNDJ [MF LFO[VUFR CL ^CVU \FMNBHF 6:


58/251

Yorrfdjfu LcvuZo~ Yczfu Rfo{

[mf rzn{bmfr {c okgvr{ {mf yorrfdjfu rfo{ ouf ohrc cd {mf

cv{ecouk rnkf cl {mf rfo{$ [mf yorrfdjfu rfo{ yuc|nkfr

lcvuzo~ okgvr{`fd{ mcunwcd{oh odk eoba odjhf$

6= VDKFUR[ODKNDJ [MF LFO[VUFR CL ^CVU \FMNBHF


59/251

Mfo{fk Rfo{r

[mnr lfo{vuf mfo{r {mf kun|fu odk yorrfdjfu rfo{r$ [mf

bcd{uchr lcu {mf mfo{fk rfo{r ouf hcbo{fk cd {mf ndr{uv`fd{

yodfh( efhcz {mf uoknc$

Ol{fu {v udndj {mf njdn{ncd rzn{bm CD( ~cv bod bmccrf {mf

MN( HC( cu CLL rf{{ndj$ Ndknbo{cur cd {mf rzn{bmfr rmcz

zmnbm rf{{ndj mor effd rfhfb{fk$

[mf mfo{fk rfo{r rf{{ndj znhh ov{c`o{nbohh~ rzn{bm luc`

MN {c HC ol{fu oyyuc}n`o{fh~ 6 `ndv{fr$

[C CYFD ODK BHCRF [MF MCCK

[c cyfd {mf mcck( yvhh {mf ufhforf hf|fu hcbo{fk ndrnkf

~cvu |fmnbhf( efhcz {mf ndr{uv`fd{ yodfh$

[mfd( ufobm vdkfu {mf mcck odk yvhh vyzouk cd {mfrolf{~ ho{bm odk hnl{ {mf mcck$

VDKFUR[ODKNDJ [MF LFO[VUFR CL ^CVU \FMNBHF 6>


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[c yuf|fd{ ycrrnehf ko` ojf( bhcrf {mf mcck e~ kucyy ndj

n{ luc` oyyuc}n`o{fh~ ?5 ndbmfr -29 b`.$

ZOUDNDJ/

Nl {mf mcck nr dc{ lvhh~ ho{bmfk( n{ bcvhk lh~ vy zmfd

{mf |fmnbhf nr `c|ndj( odk ehcba ~cvu lcuzouk |n

rncd$ ^cv bcvhk mo|f o bchhnrncd$ Ef rvuf ohh mcck

ho{bmfr ouf lvhh~ ho{bmfk eflcuf kun|ndj$

ND[FUNCU HNJM[R

O {zcycrn{ncd `ckf rfhfb{cu rzn{bm bcd{uchr {mf nd{funcu

hnjm{r hcbo{fk nd {mf c|fumfok bcdrchf$

[mf OV[C `ck f {vudr {m f hnjm{r cd z mfd o k ccu nr cyfdcu ogou( cu zmfd hcbandj cu vdhcbandj {mf |fmnbhf$ OV[C

`ck f ohrc mor o lokf {c cll lfo{vuf$ Zmfd {mf k ccur ouf

bhcrfk cu hcbafk( {mf~ juokv ohh~ lokf cll$

[mf CLL ycrn{ncd {vudr cll {mf nd{funcu hnjm{r lfo{vuf$


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Lucd{ @oy#Ufokndj Hnjm{r

[mfrf hnjm{r ouf hcbo{fk ef{zffd {m f rvd |nrcur$ O rndjhf

bfd{uohh~ hcbo{fk rzn{bm cyfuo{fr ec{m hnjm{r$

Eo{{fu~ Ro|fu Lfo{vuf[c y uf|fd{ eo{{fu~ k uond nl o k ccu nr hfl{ cy fd cu ogou( {mfnd{funcu hnjm{r znhh {vud cll ov{cò{nbohh~ ol{fu ?6 `ndv{fr$

Ol{fu {mf kccu nr bhcrfk( {mf nd{funcu hnjm{r znhh uf{vud {c

{mfnu dcuòh lvdb{ncd$

Ndr{uv`fd{ Yodfh Hnjm{ndj

Zn{m {mf youandj h njm{r cu mfokhnjm{r cd( uc{o{f {mf

kn`` fu bcd{uch {c {mf hfl{ cl {mf ryffkc` f{fu {c ndbuforf

cu kfbuforf eunjm{dfrr cl {mf ndr{uv`fd{ yodfh$

Dnjm{ Rfbvun{~ Nhhv`ndo{ncd

Lcu okk fk rfbvun{~ z mfd f}n{ndj {mf |fmnbhf ol{fu kun|ndj

zn{m {mf f}{funcu hnjm{r cd( {mf hnjm{r znhh rzn{bm cd ojond

lcu oyyuc}nò{fh~ 29 rfbcdkr ol{fu bhcrndj {mf hor{ kccu$

[mf hnjm{rcd {n`ndj bod ef bmodjfk o{ ~cvu ov{mcunwfk

kfohfu$



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F][FUNCU HNJM[R

Mfokhnjm{r odk Youandj Hnjm{r

Zmfd {m f mfokhnjm{ rz n{bm nr {v udfk bhcbaznrf luc` CLL{c {mf lnur{ ycrn{ncd( {mf youandj hnjm{r( {onhhnjm{r( rnkf

òuafu hnjm{r( hnbfdrf yho{f hnjm{r odk ndr{uv`fd{ yodfh

hnjm{r ouf ohh nhhv`ndo{fk$

[mf mfokhnjm{r {vud cd zm fd {mf rzn{bm nr {vudfk {c {mf

rfbcdk ycrn{ncd$

Hnjm{rCd Uf`ndkfu

Nl {mf mfokhnjm{r cu youandj hnjm{r ouf hfl{ cd ol{fu {mf

njdn{ncd nr {vud fk cll( o z oudndj z nhh rcvdk nl {mf kun|fur

kccu nr cyfdfk$

Ko~{n`f Uvddndj Hnjm{r -Zmfuf Oyyhnboehf.

\FMNBHFR ZN[M OV[C@O[NB [UOD R@NRRNCD

[mf hcz efo` mfokhnjm{r( youandj hnjm{r( rnkf òuafu

hnjm{r( {onhhnjm{r odk hnbfdrf yho{f hnjm{r ouf ov{cò{nbohh~

rzn{bmfk cd zmfdf|fu {mf |fmnbhf nr r{ou{fk odk {mf

{uodr`nrrncd jfou rfhfb{cu nr nd o kun|ndj ycrn{ncd$

\FMNBHFR ZN[M @ODVOH [UODR@NRRNCD

[mf hcz efo` mfokhnjm{r( youandj hnjm{r( rnkf òuafu

hnjm{r( {onhhnjm{r( odk hnbfdrf yho{f hnjm{r ouf ov{cò{nbohh~

rzn{bmfk cd zmfdf|fu {mf |fmnbhf nr r{ou{fk odk {mfyouandj euoaf nr ufhforfk$

Lcu dnjm{{n`f kun|ndj( {mf f}{funcu hnjm{r rzn{bm rmcvhk

ef nd {mf hcz efo` ycrn{ncd {c yfu`n{ ob{n|o{ncd cl {mf

mnjm efo` mfokhnjm{r$


63/251

Lcj Hnjm{r

[c cyfuo{f {mf lcj hnjm{r( yvhh {mf mfokhnjm{

rzn{bm cv{ cdf r{cy( zn{m {mf youandj hnjm{r

odk# cu hcz efo` mfokhnjm{r cd$ O hnjm{ {c {mf

hczfu hfl{ cl {mf mfokhnjm{ rzn{bm znhh nhhv`n

do{f zmfd {mf lcj hnjm{r ouf cd$

[c {vud cll {mf lcj hnjm{r( yvrm {mf mfokhnjm{ rzn{bm nd

lvhh~$ Rfhfb{ndj mnjm efo` m fokhnjm{ r znhh ohrc {vud cll {mf

lcj hnjm{r$

R{odkndj Hnjm{rZmfd {mf |fmnbhf nr youafk cd {mf r{uff{( {mf r{odkndj

hnjm{r -hfl{ cu unjm{ rnkf youandj hnjm{r. bod ef {vudfk cd(

`oandj ~cvu |fmnbhf `cuf |nrnehf {c yorrndj |fmnbhfr$

[c cyfuo{f {mf r{odkndj hnjm{r( {vud {mf mfokhnjm{ rzn{bm

bcvd{fubhcbaznrf cdf r{cy -unjm{ ho`yr. cu {zc r{cyr -hfl{ho`yr. luc` {mf CLL ycrn{ncd$ [c {vud cll {mf r{odkndj

hnjm{r( uf{vud {mf mfokhnjm{ rzn{bm {c {mf CLL ycrn{ncd$

[mf r{odkndj hnjm{r boddc{ ef cyfuo{fk z mfd {mf njdn{ncd

rzn{bm nr nd {mf CD# UVD ycrn{ncd$

BOV[NCD/

R{odkndj ho`yr ouf nd{fdkfk lcu rmcu{ {fu vrfzmfd youandj$ Nl {mfrf hnjm{r ouf hfl{ cd lcu o hcdj

yfunck cl {n`f( ~cvu bour eo{{fu~ `o~ kuond( bovrndj

o ycrrnehf r{ou{ndj yucehf`$ Orrvuf {mo{ {mf mfok

ho`y rzn{bm nr nd {mf CLL ycrn{ncd zmfd hfo|ndj {mf

|fmnbhf$



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@VH[NLVDB[NCD BCD[UCH HF\FU

[vud Rnjdohr@c|f {mf `vh{nlvdb{ncd bcd{uch hf|fu vy {c ob{n|o{f {mf

unjm{ {vud rnjdoh1 `c|f {mf hf|fu k czd {c ob{n|o{f {mf hfl{{vud rnjdoh$ Od ouucz cd {mf ndrnkf cl {mf ryffkc`f{fu

znhh lhorm {c ndknbo{f cyfuo{ncd$

[c rnjdoh `ndcu knufb{ncdoh bmodjfr( rvbm or bmodjndj

hodfr( `c|f {mf bcd{uch hf|fu gvr{ {c {mf ycnd{ cl ufrnr

{odbf( odk mchk n{ {mfuf$

[c cyfuo{f {mf {vud rnjdohr bcd{ndvcvrh~( `c|f {mf bcd

{uch hf|fu vy cu kczd yor{ {mf ycnd{ cl ufrnr{odbf$ [mf

cyfuo{ncd nr ov{cò{nbohh~ bodbfhfk zmfd {mf r{ffundj

zmffh nr {vudfk {c o houjf fdcvjm k fjuff$

Nl cdf cl {mf {vud rnjdoh h njm{r lonh ( {mf {vud rnjdoh

ndknbo{cu r~r{f` lhormfr odk rcvdkr o{ o lor{fu {mod

dcuòh u o{f$ Nl od ndk nbo{cu lonhr {c hnjm{ z mfd {mf bcd{uch

hf|fu nr `c|fk( n{ ò~ `fod {mo{ {mf lvrf cu ndknbo{cu

evhe nr kflfb{n|f$


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Mfokhnjm{ Kn``fu Rzn{bm

Yvrm {mf ` vh{nlvdb{ncd bcd{uch hf|fu {czouk {mf ndr{uv

`fd{ yodfh {c {vud {mf mfokhnjm{r {c mnjm efo`$ Yvhh {mf

hf|fu {czouk ~cv {c rzn{bm {c hcz efo`$

Yorrndj Hnjm{

cv bod rnjdoh odc{mfu |fmnbhf zn{m ~cv u m fokhnjm{r e~

hnjm{h~ yv hhndj {m f `v h{nlvdb{ncd bcd{uch hf|fu {czouk {mf

r{ffundj zmffh$ [mnr znhh bovrf {mf mfokhnjm{r {c {vud cd

o{ mnjm efo` odk uf`ond cd vd{n h {mf bcd{uch hf|fu nr

ufhforfk$



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Zndkrmnfhk Znyfur Odk Zormfu

[mf znyfur odk zormfu ouf cyfuo{fk e~ o rzn{bm nd {mf

`vh{nlvdb{ncd bcd{uch hf|fu$ [vud {mf fdk cl {mf hf|fu {c

rfhfb{ kfrnufk znyfu ryffk7 cll( nd{fu`n{{fd{( dcu`oh( cu

lor{$

Yvrm {mf fdk cl {mf hf|fu ndzouk odk mchk n{ {c ob{n|o{f

{mf znyfu odk zormfu {cjf{mfu$

@nr{ Lvdb{ncdYvrm {mf fdk cl {mf `vh{nlvdb{ncd bcd{uch hf|fu ndzouk

eunflh~ lcu o rndjhf znyf zn{mcv{ okkndj zormfu lhvnk$

Vrf {mnr lfo{vuf cdh~ zmfd {mf zndkrmnfhk nr zf{$


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ZOUDNDJ/

Rvkkfd hcrr cl |nrnenhn{~ {mucvjm {mf zndkrmnfhk

bcvhk hfok {c od obbnkfd{$ ^cv `njm{ dc{ rff c{mfu|fmnbhfr c u c{mfu cer{obhfr$ [c o|cnk rvkkfd nbndj cl

{mf zndkrmnfhk kvundj luffwndj zfo{mfu( zou` {mf

zndkrmnfhk zn{m {mf kflucr{fu eflcuf odk kvundj

zndkrmnfhk zormfu vrf$

[FHFRBCYNDJ R[FFUNDJ BCHV@D

Vdhcba {mf r{ffundj bchv`d e~ yvhhndj cv{ {mf modkhf

hcbo{fk knufb{h~ efhcz {m f bchv`d$ [mf ndk nbo{cu hnjm{

hcbo{fk nd {mf ndr{uv`fd{ bhvr{fu znhh bc`f cd$ [c

hfdj{mfd cu rmcu{fd {mf r{ffundj bchv`d( yv hh cv{ cu yvrm

nd {mf r{ffundj zmffh$ Hcba {mf r{ffundj bchv`d nd

ycrn{ncd e~ yvrmndj {mf modkhf nd vd{nh n{ fdjojfr$ [mf

ndknbo{cu hnjm{ nd {mf ndr{uv`fd{ bhvr{fu znhh jc cv{$



68/251

ZOUDNDJ/

Kc dc{ okgvr{ {mf r{ffundj zmffh zmnhf kun|ndj$ [mf

{fhfrbcyndj okgvr{`fd{ `vr{ ef hcbafk z mnhf kun|

ndj$ Okgvr{ndj {mf r{ffundj zmffh zmnhf kun|ndj( cu

kun|ndj zn{mcv{ {mf {fhfrbcyndj okgvr{`fd{ hcbafk

bcvhk bovrf {mf kun|fu {c hcrf bcd{uch cl {mf |fmnbhf$

DC[F7 Nl {mf ndknbo{cu hnjm{ nd {mf ndr{uv`fd{ bhvr{fu

kcfr dc{ jc cv{ ol{fu r{ou{ndj {mf fdjndf( {mf {fhfrbcyndj

bchv`d nr dc{ hcbafk yucyfuh~$ Kc dc{ kun|f {mf |fmnbhf

vd{nh ~cv mo|f yucyfuh~ hcbafk {mf r{ffundj bchv`d$[NUF YUFRRVUF @CDN[CU R^R[F@[mf [nuf Yufrrvuf @cdn{cu -[Y@. r~r{f` vrfr znufhfrr

{fbmdchcj~ {c `cdn{cu { nuf yufrrvuf hf|fhr$ Rfdrcur

`cvd {fk {c fobm zmffh or you{ cl {mf |oh|f r{f` {uodr`n{{nuf yufrrvuf ufokndjr {c o ufbfn|fu hcbo{fk ndrnkf {mf

|fmnbhf$

DC[F7 [mf [Y@ r~r{f` bod ndlcu` ~cv oecv{ o hcz

{nuf yufrrvuf bcdkn{ncd( ev{ n{ kcfr d c{ ufyhobf dcu`oh {nuf

`ond{fdodbf$ [mf [Y@ r~r{f` nr dc{ nd{fdkfk {c yuc|nkf

~cv zn{m dc{nlnbo{ncd cl uoynk {nuf yufrrvuf hcrr$


69/251

BOV[NCD/

[mf [Y@ r~r{f` nr kfrnjdfk {c `cdn{cu ~cvu {nuf

yufrrvuf odk znhh dc{ lvdb{ncd or o {nuf yufrrvuf jovjf$Ol{fu okgvr{ndj {mf onu yufrrvuf nd o {nuf( {mfuf znhh ef

o kfho~ eflcuf {mf r~r{f` vyko{fr {mf knryho~$

[mf [Y@ r~r{f` znhh bovrf {mf ndknbo{cu ho`y nd {mf

ndr{uv`fd{ bhvr{fu {c nhhv` ndo{f zmfdf|fu {m f yufrrvuf nd

cdf { nuf loh hr 56& efhcz {mf ufbc``fdkfk yufrrvuf

rmczd cd {mf |fmnbhfr {nuf hoefh$

DC[F7 [mf yufrrvuf nd ~cvu {nufr bmodjfr zn{m {f`

yfuo{vuf$ O rnjdnlnbod{ kfbuforf nd {f`yfuo{vuf bcvhk

ufkvbf bchk ndlho{ncd yufrrvuf efhcz {mf [Y@ rf{ycnd{$

Lcu f}o`yhf( {nufr ndlho{fk {c {mf y ucyfu bchk ndlho{ncd

y ufr rv uf c d o z o u` k o ~ c u n d o z o u` j ouo jf bc v hk

nhhv`ndo{f {mf [Y@ ndknbo{cu ho`y cd {mf lchhczndj ko~

nl {mf {f`yfuo{vuf nr |fu~ bchk$ OHZO^R bmfba {mf

yufrrvuf nd ~cvu {nufr nl {mf [Y@ ho`y nr nhhv`ndo{fk$



70/251

BOV[NCD/

[mf [Y@ r~r{f` mor effd cy{n`nwfk lcu {mf cunjndohfqvny`fd{ {nufr odk zmffhr$ [Y@ r~r{f` yufrrvufr

mo|f effd fr{oehnrmfk lcu {mf {nuf rnwf fqvnyyfk cd

~cvu |fmnbhf$ Vdkfrnuoehf cyfuo{ncd cu rfdrcu ko`

ojf ò~ ufrvh{ z mfd vrndj ufyhobf`fd{ fqvny`fd{

{mo{ nr dc{ cl {mf ro`f rnwf( {~yf( odk#cu r{~hf$

Ol{fuòuaf{ zmffhr bod bovrf rfdrcu koòjf$ Kc

dc{ vrf ol{fuòuaf{ {nuf rfohod{ cu eohodbf efokr( or

koòjf {c {mf rfdrcur ò~ ufrvh{$

DC[F7 [mf r{odkouk [NUFLN[ r~r{f` -uflfu {c Zmo{ [c

Kc Nd F`fujfdbnfr lcu ` cuf ndlcuò{ncd. nr ry fbnlnbohh~

kfrnjdfk {c cyfuo{f nd bcdgvdb{ncd z n{m {mf [Y@ r~r{f`(

odk znhh dc{ koòjf {mf rfdrcur$

Nl ~cvu {nuf yufrrvuf nr hcz( ~cv rmcvhk bcuufb{ ~cvu {nuf

ndlho{ncd yufrrvuf or rccd or ycrrnehf odk ndryfb{ ohh cl

~cvu {nufr$ Hcz {nuf yufrrvuf znhh bovrf {mf {nuf yufrrvuf

hnjm{ {c nhhv`ndo{f odk {mf ohfu{ znhh rcvdk$ [mf~ znhh

ufònd cd lcu {mf ufr{ cl {mf kun|ndj b~bhf( cu vd{nh {mf {nuf

yufrrvuf nr bcuufb{fk$

Nd okk n{ncd {c `cdn{cundj {nuf yufrrvufr( {mf [Y@ r~r{f`

ohrc `cdn{cur lovh{r zn{mnd {mf r~r{f`$ Nl {mf [Y@ hnjm{

odk ohou` bcd{ndvf ol{fu {mf { nuf yufrrvuf mor effd

bcuufb{fk( rff ~cv u ov{mcunwfk kfohfu$

[mnr kf|nbf bc`yhnfr zn{m y ou{ ?6 cl LBB uvhfr odk zn{m

URR5?9 cl Ndkvr{u~ Bodoko$ Cyfuo{ncd nr rvegfb{ {c {m f

lchhczndj bcdkn{ncdr7

?$ [mnr kf|nbf ò~ dc{ bovrf mou`lvh nd{fulfufdbf$

5$ [mnr kf|nbf `vr{ obbfy{ od~ nd{fulfufdbf {mo{ ò~ ef

ufbfn|fk( ndbhvkndj nd{fulfufdbf {mo{ ò~ bovrf vdkfr

nufk cyfuo{ncd$

DC[F7 Bmodjfr odk `cknlnbo{ncdr dc{ f}yufrrh~ oy

yuc|fk e~ {mf you{~ ufrycdrnehf lcu bc`yhnodbf bcvhk

|cnk {mf vrfur ov{mcun{~ {c cyfuo{f {mf fqvny`fd{$

:9 VDKFUR[ODKNDJ [MF LFO[VUFR CL ^CVU \FMNBHF


71/251

UFOU RYCNHFU

O ufou rycnhfu fdmodbfr |fmnbhf r{oenhn{~$ [mf ufou rycnhfu

kfyhc~r ov{c`o{nbohh~ zmfd |fmnbhf ryffk ufobmfr `y m

-


72/251

Rmcvhk o `ohlvdb{ncd cbbvu {mo{ yuf|fd{r {mf rycnhfu

luc` kfyhc~ndj ov{c`o{nbohh~( o ufk zoudndj hnjm{ znhh

nhhv`ndo{f nd {mf c|fuunkf rzn{bm odk od ovk nehf zoudndj

znhh rcvdk$

ZOUDNDJ/

Kc dc{ kun|f {mf |fm nbhf o{ ryffkr oec|f


73/251

EUOAF ORRNR[ R^R[F@ -EOR.

ZOUDNDJ/

EOR boddc{ yuf|fd{ {mf do{vuoh hozr cl ym~rnbr luc`

ob{ndj cd {mf |fmnbhf( dcu bod n{ ndbuforf euoandj

fllnbnfdb~ ef~cdk {mo{ ollcukfk e~ {mf bcdkn{ncd cl

{mf |fmnbhf euoafr odk {nufr cu {mf {uob{ncd ollcukfk$

[mf EOR boddc{ yuf|fd{ obbnkfd{r( ndbhvkndj {mcrf

ufrvh{ndj luc` f}bfrrn|f ryffk nd {vudr( lchhczndj

odc{mfu |fmnbhf {cc bhcrfh~( cu m~kucyhodndj$ Cdh~ o

rolf( o{{fd{n|f( odk ranhhlvh kun|fu bod yuf|fd{ obbn

kfd{r$ [mf boyoenhn{nfr cl o EORfqvnyyfk |fmnbhf

`vr{ df|fu ef f}yhcn{fk nd o ufbahfrr cu kodjfucvr

òddfu zmnbm bcvhk gfcyouknwf {mf vrfur rolf{~ cu

{mf rolf{~ cl c{mfur$

[mf EOR nr kfrnjdfk {c ò}n`nwf {mf |fmnbhfr euoandj

boyoenhn{~ k vundj f`fujfdb~ euoandj òdfv|fur$ [mf

r~r{f` oyyhnfr ` o}n`v` yczfu eccr{ {c {mf euoafr

`cuf qvnbah~ nd f`fujfdb~ euoandj bcdkn{ ncdr {mod

`njm{ c{mfuznrf ef ollcukfk rchfh~ e~ {mf kun|fur euoa

ndj r{~hf$ [mnr bod mfhy ufkvbf euoandj knr{odbfr$ [mf

EOR bc`yhf`fd{r {mf od{nhcba euoaf r~r{f` -OER.$ Oy

yh~ndj {mf euoafr |fu~ qvnbah~ ufrvh{r nd ò}n`v` EOR

orrnr{odbf$ [c ufbfn|f {mf efdfln{ cl {mf r~r{f`( ~cv `vr{

oyyh~ bcd{ndvcvr lvhh euoandj yczfu kvundj {mf r{cyyndj

rfqvfdbf$ Kc dc{ ufkvbf euoaf yfkoh yufrrvuf$

Cdbf {mf euoaf yfkoh nr ufhforfk( {mf EOR nr kfob{n|o{fk$

[mf òhlvdb{ncd ndknbo{cu ho`y lcu {mf Fhfb{ucdnb R{oenh

n {~ Yucjuo` nr bcèndfk zn{m {mf EOR$ [mf ~fhhcz

EOR# FRY òhlvdb{ncd ndknbo{cu hnjm{ nd {mf ndr{uv`fd{

bhvr{fu odk {mf ~fhhcz FRY zoudndj hnjm{ nd {mf ryffk

c`f{fu knoh bc`f cd zn{m {mf af~ nd {mf njdn{ncd rzn{bm

VDKFUR[ODKNDJ [MF LFO[VUFR CL ^CVU \FMNBHF :2


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{vudfk {c {mf CD# UVD ycrn{ ncd$ [mf~ rmcvhk jc cv{

zn{m {mf fdjndf uvddndj$ Nl {mf EOR# FRY òhlvdb{ncd

ndknbo{cu hnjm{ bc`fr cd bcd{ndvcvrh~ zn{m {mf fdjndf

uvddndj( o òhlvdb{ncd mor effd kf{fb{fk nd fn{mfu r~r

{f`$

Nl {mf òhlvdb{ncd ndknbo{cu hnjm{ r{o~r nhhv`ndo{fk ( mo|f

{mf EOR odk FRY bmfbafk o{ ~cvu ov{mcunwfk kfohfu or

rccd or ycrrnehf$

FHFB[UCDNB R[OENHN[^ YUCJUO@ -FRY.

ZOUDNDJ/

FRY boddc{ yuf|fd{ {mf do{vuoh hozr cl ym~rnbr luc`

ob{ndj cd {mf |fmnbhf( dcu bod n{ ndbuforf {mf {uob{ncd

ollcukfk$ [mf FRY boddc{ yuf|fd{ obbnkfd{r( ndbhvk

ndj {mcrf ufrvh{ndj luc` f}bfrrn|f ryffk nd {vudr( cu

m~kucyhodndj$ Cdh~ o rolf( o{{fd{n|f( odk ranhhlvh

kun|fu bod yuf|fd{ obbnkfd{r$ [mf boyoenhn{nfr cl od

FRYfqvnyyfk |fmnbhf `vr{ df|fu ef f}yhcn{fk nd o

ufbahfrr cu kodjfucvr òddfu zmnbm bcvhk gfcyou

knwf {mf vrfur rolf{~ cu {mf rolf{~ cl c{mfur$

[mf FRY fdmodbfr knufb{ncdoh bcd{uch odk ufkvbfr kun|ndj

zmffh rynd cl {mf |fmnbhf vdkfu |ouncvr kun|ndj bcdkn{ncdr$

[mf FRY r~r{f` bcuufb{r lcu c|fu# vdkfur{ffundj cl {mf

|fmnbhf e~ oy yh~ndj euoafr {c {mf oy yucyuno{f zmffh$

Fdjndf {cuqvf nr ohrc hn`n{fk$ [mf FRY zoudndj hnjm{(

hcbo{fk nd {mf ndr{uv`fd{ bhvr{fu( r{ou{r {c lhorm or rccd or

{mf {nufr hcrf {uob{ncd odk {mf zmffhr efjnd {c rynd$

:; VDKFUR[ODKNDJ [MF LFO[VUFR CL ^CVU \FMNBHF


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[c n`yuc|f {mf |fmnbhfr {uob{ncd zmfd kun|ndj zn{m

rdcz bmondr( cu r{ou{ndj cll nd k ffy rdcz( rodk cu juo|fh(

rzn{bm cll {mf FRY r~r{f` e~ yufrrndj {mf vyyfu mohl cl

{mf FRY rzn{bm$

Zn{m {mf FRY r~r{f` rzn{bmfk cll( {mf fdjndf {cuqvf

ufkvb{ncd lfo{vuf nr bodbfhhfk$ [mfuflcuf( {mf fdmodbfk

|fmnbhf r{oenhn{~ cllfufk e~ FRY nr v do|onhoehf$ FRY oh

zo~r cyfuo{fr vd kfu euoandj( f|fd zn{m {mf rzn{bm nd {mfCLL ycrn{ncd$ Nl cdf kun|f zmffh hcrfr {uob{ncd odk efjndr

{c rynd( {mf euoaf nr oyyhnfk e~ {mf FRY r~r{f` vd{nh {mf

zmffh ufjondr rvllnbnfd{ {uob{ncd$ [mf {uob{ncd bcd{uch

f dj oj fr o { o y y uc }n` o {f h~ 5; ` y m -;9 a ` # m .( o d k

rzn{bmfr cll o{ 69 `ym -=9 a`# m .$

Nl {mf FRY zoudndj hnjm{ efjndr {c lhorm kvundj obbfhfuo

{ncd( forf vy cd {mf obbfhfuo{cu odk oyy h~ or hn{{hf {muc{{hf

VDKFUR[ODKNDJ [MF LFO[VUFR CL ^CVU \FMNBHF :6


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or ycrrnehf$ Ef rvuf {c okoy{ ~cvu ryffk odk kun|ndj {c

{mf yuf|onhndj ucok bcdkn{ncdr$ Zmfd {mf FRY zoudndj

hnjm{ nr nhhv`ndo{fk bcd{ndvcvrh~( {mf FRY nr rzn{bmfk cll$

[c uf{v ud {c {m f fdm odbfk |fmnbhf r{oenhn{~ cllfufk e~ FRY(

yufrr {mf hczfu mohl cl {mf rzn{bm -{mf FRY zoud ndj hnjm{

nd {mf ryffkc`f{fu knoh jcfr cv{.$ O|cnk rynddndj cdf

kun|f zm ffh$ [mnr ò~ bovrf rfuncvr ko` ojf {c {mf k un|f

{uond odk nr dc{ bc|fufk e~ {mf Kon`hfuBmu~rhfu z ou

uod{~$

BOV[NCD/

Nl {mf |fmnbhf nr {cz fk z n{m {mf lucd{ o}hf uonrfk( {mf

fdjndf `v r{ ef rmv{ cll -af~ nd {mf njdn{ncd rz n{bm {c

{mf C LL#HCBA cu OBB ycrn {ncd.$ C{mfuznrf {mf FRY

znhh n``fkno{fh~ ef fdjojfk odk znhh oyyh~ {mf ufouzmffh euoafr$

R~dbmucdnwndj FRY

Nl {mf yczfu rvyyh~ zor nd{fuuvy{fk -eo{{fu~ knrbcd

dfb{fk cu knrbmoujfk.( {mf EOR# FRY òhlvdb{ncd ndknbo

{cu hnjm{ ò~ ef nhhv`ndo{fk zn{m {mf fdjndf uvddndj$ [c

ufr~dbmucdnwf {mf FRY( odk bodbfh {mf òhlvdb{ncd ndkn

bo{cu h njm{ ( {mf r{ffundj odjhf rfdrcu znhh dffk {c ef

ufbohneuo{fk$

?$ [vud {mf njdn{ncd rzn{bm {c {mf CD# UVD ycrn{ncd$

5$ Uc{o{f {mf r{ffundj zmffh {c {mf bfd{fu ycrn{ncd$

2$ Uc{o{f {mf r{ffundj zmffh bc`yhf{fh~ {c {mf hfl{( odk

{mfd uc{o{f {mf r{ffundj zmffh bc`yhf{fh~ {c {mf unjm{$

;$ Eundj {mf r{ffundj zmffh eoba {c {mf bfd{fu ycrn{ncd$

6$ [mf EOR# FRY òhlvdb{ncd ndknbo{cu hnjm{ znhh jc cv{$

Nl {mf EOR# FRY òhlvdb{ncd ndknbo{cu hnjm{ nr r{nhh nhhv`n

do{fk( {mf |fmnbhf rmcvhk ef rfu|nbfk o{ od ov{mcunwfk

kfohfu$

:< VDKFUR[ODKNDJ [MF LFO[VUFR CL ^CVU \FMNBHF


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FHFB[UCDNB RYFFK BCD[UCH

[mf fhfb{ucdnb ryffk bcd{uch ov{cò{nbohh~ ` ond{ondr {mf

rf{ ryffk e~ ob{n|fh~ ufjvho{ndj {m f {muc{{hf rf{{ndj$ Od~

ryffk oec|f oyyuc}nò{fh~ 59 `ym -29 a`# m. bod ef

ònd{ondfk zn{m {mf fhfb{ucdnb ryffk bcd{uch e~ cyfuo{

ndj {mf hf|fu$

VDKFUR[ODKNDJ [MF LFO[VUFR CL ^CVU \FMNBHF ::


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[c obbfhfuo{f odk rf{ o ryffk( hnl{ {mf hf|fu vy$ Hnl{ odk

mchk {mf hf|fu {c obbfhfuo{f( cu hnl{ odk ufhforf {c rf{ o

ryffk$ [c kfbfhfuo{f odk rf{ o ryffk( yufrr {mf hf|fu

kczd$ Yufrr kczd odk mchk {mf hf|fu {c kfbfhfuo{f( cu

yufrr kczd odk ufhforf {c rf{ o ryffk$

ZOUDNDJ/

Hfo|ndj {mf fhfb{ucdnb ryf fk bcd{uch r ~r{f` cd zmfd

dc{ nd vrf nr kodjfucvr$ ^cv bcvhk obbnkfd{ohh~ rf{

{mf r~r{f` cu bovrf n{ {c jc lor{fu {mod ~cv zod{$ cv

bcvhk hcrf bcd{uch odk mo|f od obbnkfd{$ Ohz o~r

hfo|f {mf r~r{f` CLL zmfd ~cv ouf dc{ vrndj n{$

[c \ou~ [mf Ryffk Rf{{ndj

Nl o rf{ ryffk dffkr {c ef okgvr{fk rhnjm{h~( hnl{ vy cu mchk

kczd {mf ryffk bcd{uch hf|fu eunflh~ vd{nh {mf kfrnufk

ryffk nr ufobmfk$ O rndjhf {oy cd {mf hf|fu vy cu kczd

znhh bmodjf {mf ryffk nd 9$< `ym -? a`# m. ndbuf`fd{r$

Zmfd {mf hf|fu nr ufhforfk( {mf dfzh~ rf{ ryffk uf`ondr$

[c ndbuforf {mf ryffk lcu y orrndj( v rf {mf obbfhfuo{cu$Ol{fu {mf obbfhfuo{cu nr ufhforfk( {mf yuf|ncvrh~ rf{ ryffk

znhh ufrv`f ov{c`o{nbohh~$

:= VDKFUR[ODKNDJ [MF LFO[VUFR CL ^CVU \FMNBHF


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[c Kfob{n|o{f

O rcl{ {oy cd {mf euoaf yfkoh( cu dcu`oh euoaf yufrrvuf

zmnhf rhczndj {mf |fmnbhf( z nhh kfob{n|o{f {mf ryffk

bcd{uch zn{mcv{ fuorndj {mf `f`cu~$ Yvrmndj {mf ryffk

bcd{uch hf|fu lcuzouk cu {vudndj {mf af~ nd {mf njdn{ncd

rzn{bm {c {mf CLL# HCBA ycrn{ncd znhh {vud cll {mf ryffk

bcd{uch odk fuorf {mf `f`cu~$

[c Ufrv`f Ryffk

[c ufrv`f o yuf|ncvrh~ rf{ ryffk( yvhh {mf ryffk bcd{uch

hf|fu {czouk ~cv( odk {mfd ufhforf$ [mf ufrv`f lfo{vuf

bod ef vrfk o{ od~ ryffk oec|f 59 `ym -29 a`# m.$

DC[F7 @c|ndj {mf jfou rfhfb{cu hf|fu {c {mf D

ycrn{ncd znhh rzn{bm {mf ryffk bcd{uch cll$

Vrndj Ryffk Bcd{uch Cd Mnhhr

^cvu |fmnbhf nr fqvnyyfk zn{m nd{fuob{n|f ryffk bcd{uch$

[mnr lfo{vuf ob{n|o{fr zmfd kun|ndj vy cu kcz d mnhhr zn{m

{mf ryffk bcd{uch fdjojfk odk {mf kun|fur lcc{ cll {mf

obbfhfuo{cu$

VDKFUR[ODKNDJ [MF LFO[VUFR CL ^CVU \FMNBHF :>


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ZOUDNDJ/

Ryffk bcd{uch bod ef kodjfucvr zmfuf {mf r~r{f`

bod{ ònd{ond o bcdr{od{ ryffk$ ^cvu |fmnbhf bcvhk

jc {cc lor{ lcu {mf bcdkn{ncdr( odk ~cv bcvhk hcrf

bcd{uch$ Od obbnkfd{ bcvhk ef {mf ufrvh{$ Kcd{ vrf

ryffk bcd{uch nd mfo|~ {uollnb cu cd ucokr {mo{ ouf

zndk ndj( nb~( rdcz bc|fufk( cu rhnyy fu~$

Lcu |fmnbhfr zn{m ov{cò{nb {uodr`nrrncd7

Cd o kczdjuokf cu od vyjuokf( kczdrmnl{ndj znhh cbbvu

ov{cò{nbohh~ {c ohhcz {mf fdjndfr euoandj yczfu {c

ònd{ond {mf rf{ ryffk$ Zmfd `cuf hf|fh ucokzo~ nr

ufobmfk( {mf {uodr`nrrncd znhh ov{cò{nbohh~ vyrmnl{ {c

lnl{m jfou$Lcu |fmnbhfr zn{m òdvoh {uodr`nrrncd7

[mf rf{ ryffk bcd{uch nr rzn{bmfk cll zmfd kfbhv{bmndj

f}bffkr lcvu rfbcdkr kvundj kczdrmnl{ndj$ Nd rc`f

borfr( ~cv ` o~ mo|f {c r{fy cd {mf euoaf yfkoh {c rhcz

kczd rvllnbnfd{h~ {c obmnf|f {mf kfrnufk ryffk$

DC[F7 Cd |fu~ r{ffy mnhhr( o jufo{fu ryffk hcrr cu jond

ò~ cbbvu$ N{ ò~ ef yuflfuoehf {c kun|f zn{mcv{ ryffk

bcd{uch$

JOUOJF KCCU CYFDFU

[mf Mc`fHnda Vdn|furoh [uodrbfn|fu ufyhobfr v y {c

{muff uf`c{f bcd{uchr -modk mfhk {uodr`n{{fur. {mo{ cyfu

o{f kf|nbfr rvbm or jouojf kccu cyfdfur( `c{cunwfk

jo{fr( cu mc`f hnjm{ndj$ [mf {uodrbfn|fu {unjjfur {mfrf

kf|nbfr o{ {mf yvrm cl o ev{{cd$ [mf {uodrbfn|fu cyfuo{fr

cll ~cvu |fmnbhfr eo{{fu~ odk bmoujndj r~r{f`7 dc eo{

{funfr ouf dffkfk$

Lcu okkn{ncdoh ndlcuò{ncd cd Mc`fHnda( bohh ?=99

26626?6( cu cd {mf nd{fudf{ o{ zzz$mc`fhnda$bc`$

=9 VDKFUR[ODKNDJ [MF LFO[VUFR CL ^CVU \FMNBHF


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ZOUDNDJ/

O `c|ndj jouojf kccu bod bovrf ndgvu~ {c yfc yhf odk

yf{r nd {mf yo{m cl {mf kccu$ Yfcyhf cu yf{r bcvhk ef

rfuncvrh~ cu lo{ohh~ ndgvufk$ Cdh~ vrf {mnr {uodrbfn|fu

zn{m o jouojf kccu cyfdfu {mo{ mor o r{cy odk

uf|furf lfo{vuf( or ufqvnufk e~ lfkfuoh rolf{~ r{od

koukr$ [mnr ndbhvkfr `cr{ jouojf kccu cyfdfu `ck

fhr `odvlob{vufk ol{fu ?>=5$ K c dc{ vrf o jouojf

kccu cyfdfu zn{mcv{ {mfrf rolf{~ lfo{vufr( or n{ bcvhk

bovrf ndgvu~ cu kfo{m$ Bohh {chh

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Chrysler Crossfire Manual