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Chronic Illness and Older Adults
Chapter 5 Overview
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Chronic Illness
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Table 5-1. Characteristics of Acute and Chronic Illness.
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Chronic IllnessTrajectory of Chronic Illness
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Fig. 5-1. The Chronic Illness Trajectory is a theoretical model of chronic illness. The trajectory model of chronic illness recognizes that chronic illness will have many phases (see Table 5-3).
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Chronic IllnessTrajectory of Chronic Illness, continued Preventing and managing a crisis
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Chronic IllnessTrajectory of Chronic Illness, continued Carrying out prescribed treatment regimen
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Table 5-5. Characteristics of Treatment Regimens.
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Chronic IllnessTrajectory of Chronic Illness, continued Controlling symptomsReordering time
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Chronic IllnessTrajectory of Chronic Illness, continued Adjusting to changes in course of disease
Preventing social isolationAttempting to normalize interactions with others
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Chronic IllnessPrevention of Chronic Illness
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Nursing Management
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Older Adults
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Demographics of Aging
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Attitudes Toward Aging
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Biologic Aging
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Fig. 5-2. The aging process can be viewed as a balance between negative and positive factors.
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Age-Related Psychologic Changes
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Special Older Adult Populations
Chronically Ill Older Adults
Older Adult Woman
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Special Older Adult Populations
Cognitively Impaired Older Adults
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Table 5-8. Gerontologic Differences in Assessment: Effects of Agingon Mental Functioning
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Special Older Adult Populations
Rural Older Adults Homeless Older Adults
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Special Older Adult Populations
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Fig. 5-3. Older adults living in rural areas often enjoy outside activities, such as gardening.
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Special Older Adult Populations
Frail Older Adults
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Table 5-9. Nutritional Assessment of Older Adults.
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Culturally Competent Care
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Fig. 5-4. Ethnic older adults need special consideration.
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Social Support and Older Adult
Family CaregiversElder Mistreatment/AbuseSelf-Neglect
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Social Services for Older Adults
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Medicare and Medicaid
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Care Alternatives for Older Adults
HousingCommunity-Based Older Adults With Special NeedsAdult day care programsHome health care
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Care Alternatives for Older Adults
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Fig. 5-5. Senior centers offer places for older adults who live independently to meet and gather with friends.
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Care Alternatives for Older Adults
Long-term Care Facilities Case Management
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Care Alternatives for Older Adults
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Fig. 5-6. Social interaction and acceptance are important for older adults.
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Legal and Ethical Issues
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Nursing ManagementNursing AssessmentNursing DiagnosesPlanning
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Nursing Management
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Fig. 5-7. SPICES.
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Nursing ManagementNursing Implementation
Health promotion
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Fig. 5-8. Water aerobics is an example of a health promotion activity for older adults.
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Nursing ManagementNursing Implementation, continuedAcute care
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Table 5-13. Care of the Hospitalized Older Adult.
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Nursing ManagementNursing Implementation
Acute care, continued Hospital discharge Geriatric rehabilitation Assistive devices Safety
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Nursing Management
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Fig. 5-9. The nurse assists a patient in a geriatric rehabilitation facility.
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Nursing ManagementNursing Implementation
Acute care, continued Medication use
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Table 5-14. Drug Therapy.
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Nursing ManagementNursing Implementation, continued
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Fig. 5-10. The effects of aging on drug metabolism.
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Nursing ManagementNursing Implementation
Acute care, continued Depression Sleep Use of restraints
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Evaluation
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Table 5-16. Evaluating Nursing Care for Older Adults.
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