1

Using Existing ITS Commercial Vehicle Operation (ITS/CVO) Data to Develop Statewide (and Bi-state) Truck Travel Time Estimates and Other Freight Measures

Christopher M. Monsere

TAC Meeting June 29, 2009 1:00-3:30PM

Agenda

2

Item Length

Introductions, agenda review 5

Results 40

Discussion 15

Other Freight Measures

Conclusions and TAC suggestions

15

15

Objectives• Retrospectively study

truck transponder data in key corridors to determine the feasibility of producing freight corridor performance measures.

• Study the feasibility of using transponder data from commercial vehicles to predict corridor travel times with existing infrastructure

• Demonstrate other freight performance measures

Data Almanac

• 22 (20) reporting WIM sites in Oregon– All upstream of weigh stations– All are CVISN sites

• PSU WIM Data Archive– April 2005 – February 2009

• 41,534,800 + trucks

– Data quality• Intermittent data outages and problems• Accuracy ?• Focus of other research project

4

High SpeedWIM Sorting Site

(with Overhead AVI)

NotificationStation(in-cab)

TrackingSystem

RampSorterSystem

StaticWeighing

1 mile

R.F. Antenna Trucks Bypass

WIM Layout– Axle weights– Gross vehicle weight– Axle spacing– Vehicle class– Bumper-to-bumper length– Speed– Unique transponder numbers

Estimating Truck Travel Times

• Matching transponders• Filtering through trucks• Results• Discussion

7

Trucks with Transponders, 2007

8

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

I-5 Ashland POE

I-5 Booth Ranch

I-5 Woodburn, NB

I-5 Ashland, SB

I-5 Woodburn, SB

I-84 Cascade Locks POE

I-84 LaGrande

I-84 Olds Ferry

I-84 Wyeth

I-84 Emigrant Hill

I-84 Farewell Bend POE

US-26 Brightwood, EB

US-26 Brightwood, WB

US-58 Lowell

US-97 Juniper Butte

US-97 Bend

US-97 Klamath Falls POE

US-97 Juniper Butte

US-97 Klamath Falls, SB

Observed Trucks by Station, 2007

Trucks (thousands)

No TagsTags

Defining Links

• At each station, find all possible downstream stations.

• Calculate shortest path between stations• Three categories

– Primary• Route certain, one highway

– Secondary• Route certain, more than 1 highway

– Tertiary• Route uncertain

9

Primary – 211 ASP to BOR

10

Secondary – 234 KFP to LWL

11

Tertiary – 213 ASP to BND

12

Tertiary – 213 ASP to BND

13

201 – FWB to EMH

14

Free flow travel time = Distance / 55 mph =126.4 mi / 55 mph = 2.3 hrs

Free flow travel time = Distance / 55 mph =126.4 mi / 55 mph = 2.3 hrs

Search window =2.3 *.75 = 1.7 hrs (74 mph)2.3 * 2 = 4.6 hrs (27 mph)

Search window =2.3 *.75 = 1.7 hrs (74 mph)2.3 * 2 = 4.6 hrs (27 mph)

Matched Trucks by Link

15

201:FWB to EMH202:EMH to WYT204:EMH to JBS

205:WYT to WDS206:WYT to BRE210:LGR to ODF211:ASP to BOR212:ASP to JBN213:ASP to BND

214:BOR to WDN215:BOR to JBN

217:WDN to CSL218:WDN to BRE220:WDS to ASS221:WDS to KFS222:BRE to LGR223:BRE to JBS

224:BRW to WDS226:JBS to LWL227:JBS to KFS

229:LWL to WDN231:KFP to BND232:KFP to BOR234:KFP to LWL235:BND to JBN

236:BND to WDN237:JBN to BRW238:JBN to WYT239:JBN to LGR

Trucks (thousands)

0

50

10

0

15

0

20

0

201:FWB to EMH202:EMH to WYT204:EMH to JBS

205:WYT to WDS206:WYT to BRE210:LGR to ODF211:ASP to BOR212:ASP to JBN213:ASP to BND217:WDN to CSL218:WDN to BRE220:WDS to ASS221:WDS to KFS222:BRE to LGR223:BRE to JBS

224:BRW to WDS226:JBS to LWL227:JBS to KFS

229:LWL to WDN231:KFP to BND232:KFP to BOR234:KFP to LWL235:BND to JBN

236:BND to WDN237:JBN to BRW238:JBN to WYT239:JBN to LGR

Trucks (thousands)

0

50

10

0

15

0

20

0

All Matched Trucks in Time Window

16

FF

Filter Algorithm

• For each truck j traveling on link i determine the estimated travel time, tj,i.– If the travel time tj,i is less than the free-flow time ffj,i

denote this truck as a through truck.

– If the travel time tj,i is less than the upper travel time utj,i (defined as an average travel time of 50 mph).

– Find the median travel time mtj,i in the sample of X previous truck observations and compare that to tj,i. If tj,i does not exceed mtj,i by a threshold of Y, truck j is assumed to be a through vehicle.

• If none of the above criteria are met, the tj,i is excluded (i.e., j is not a through truck).

17

Filtered Trucks (Green)

18

Through Trucks Only

19

201 – FWB to EMH

20

Pendleton NOAAEl 1493 ftPendleton NOAAEl 1493 ft

Ladd Summit RWISEl 3619 ftLadd Summit RWISEl 3619 ft

Through Trucks and Temperature

21

Through Trucks and Rel. Humidity

22

Through Trucks and Weather

23

201 – FWB to EMH, August 07

24

201 – FWB to EMH, August 07

25

201, Average Link Speed, by Day

26

201 : FWB to EMH

Ave

rag

e S

pe

ed

, mp

h

2007

2008

2009

30

40

50

60

70

80

201 : FWB to EMH

Ave

rag

e S

pe

ed

, mp

h

JAN

07

MA

R 0

7

MA

Y 0

7

JUL

07

SE

P 0

7

NO

V 0

7

JAN

08

MA

R 0

8

MA

Y 0

8

JUL

08

SE

P 0

8

NO

V 0

8

30

40

50

60

70

80

Average Link Speed, by month

27

Results

28

201 : FWB to EMH

Ave

rage

Spe

ed, m

ph

JAN

07

MA

R 0

7

MA

Y 0

7

JUL

07

SE

P 0

7

NO

V 0

7

JAN

08

MA

R 0

8

MA

Y 0

8

JUL

08

SE

P 0

8

NO

V 0

8

3040

5060

7080

202 : EMH to WYT

Ave

rage

Spe

ed, m

ph

JAN

07

MA

R 0

7

MA

Y 0

7

JUL

07

SE

P 0

7

NO

V 0

7

JAN

08

MA

R 0

8

MA

Y 0

8

JUL

08

SE

P 0

8

NO

V 0

8

3040

5060

7080

210 : LGR to ODF

Ave

rage

Spe

ed, m

ph

JAN

07

MA

R 0

7

MA

Y 0

7

JUL

07

SE

P 0

7

NO

V 0

7

JAN

08

MA

R 0

8

MA

Y 0

8

JUL

08

SE

P 0

8

NO

V 0

8

3040

5060

7080

211 : ASP to BOR

Ave

rage

Spe

ed, m

ph

JAN

07

MA

R 0

7

MA

Y 0

7

JUL

07

SE

P 0

7

NO

V 0

7

JAN

08

MA

R 0

8

MA

Y 0

8

JUL

08

SE

P 0

8

NO

V 0

8

3040

5060

7080

214 : BOR to WDN

Ave

rage

Spe

ed, m

ph

JAN

07

MA

R 0

7

MA

Y 0

7

JUL

07

SE

P 0

7

NO

V 0

7

JAN

08

MA

R 0

8

MA

Y 0

8

JUL

08

SE

P 0

8

NO

V 0

8

3040

5060

7080

220 : WDS to ASH

Ave

rage

Spe

ed, m

ph

JAN

07

MA

R 0

7

MA

Y 0

7

JUL

07

SE

P 0

7

NO

V 0

7

JAN

08

MA

R 0

8

MA

Y 0

8

JUL

08

SE

P 0

8

NO

V 0

8

3040

5060

7080

227 : JBS to KFS

Ave

rage

Spe

ed, m

ph

JAN

07

MA

R 0

7

MA

Y 0

7

JUL

07

SE

P 0

7

NO

V 0

7

JAN

08

MA

R 0

8

MA

Y 0

8

JUL

08

SE

P 0

8

NO

V 0

8

3040

5060

7080

231 : KFP to BND

Ave

rage

Spe

ed, m

ph

JAN

07

MA

R 0

7

MA

Y 0

7

JUL

07

SE

P 0

7

NO

V 0

7

JAN

08

MA

R 0

8

MA

Y 0

8

JUL

08

SE

P 0

8

NO

V 0

8

3040

5060

7080

235 : BND to JBN

Ave

rage

Spe

ed, m

ph

JAN

07

MA

R 0

7

MA

Y 0

7

JUL

07

SE

P 0

7

NO

V 0

7

JAN

08

MA

R 0

8

MA

Y 0

8

JUL

08

SE

P 0

8

NO

V 0

8

3040

5060

7080

min 1000 obs

205 : WYT to WDS

Ave

rage

Spe

ed, m

ph

JAN

07

MA

R 0

7

MA

Y 0

7

JUL

07

SE

P 0

7

NO

V 0

7

JAN

08

MA

R 0

8

MA

Y 0

8

JUL

08

SE

P 0

8

NO

V 0

8

3040

5060

7080

217 : WDN to CSL

Ave

rage

Spe

ed, m

ph

JAN

07

MA

R 0

7

MA

Y 0

7

JUL

07

SE

P 0

7

NO

V 0

7

JAN

08

MA

R 0

8

MA

Y 0

8

JUL

08

SE

P 0

8

NO

V 0

8

3040

5060

7080

221 : WDS to KFS

Ave

rage

Spe

ed, m

ph

JAN

07

MA

R 0

7

MA

Y 0

7

JUL

07

SE

P 0

7

NO

V 0

7

JAN

08

MA

R 0

8

MA

Y 0

8

JUL

08

SE

P 0

8

NO

V 0

8

3040

5060

7080

223 : BRE to JBS

Ave

rage

Spe

ed, m

ph

JAN

07

MA

R 0

7

MA

Y 0

7

JUL

07

SE

P 0

7

NO

V 0

7

JAN

08

MA

R 0

8

MA

Y 0

8

JUL

08

SE

P 0

8

NO

V 0

8

3040

5060

7080

229 : LWL to WDN

Ave

rage

Spe

ed, m

ph

JAN

07

MA

R 0

7

MA

Y 0

7

JUL

07

SE

P 0

7

NO

V 0

7

JAN

08

MA

R 0

8

MA

Y 0

8

JUL

08

SE

P 0

8

NO

V 0

8

3040

5060

7080

234 : KFP to LWL

Ave

rage

Spe

ed, m

ph

JAN

07

MA

R 0

7

MA

Y 0

7

JUL

07

SE

P 0

7

NO

V 0

7

JAN

08

MA

R 0

8

MA

Y 0

8

JUL

08

SE

P 0

8

NO

V 0

8

3040

5060

7080

237 : JBN to BRW

Ave

rage

Spe

ed, m

ph

JAN

07

MA

R 0

7

MA

Y 0

7

JUL

07

SE

P 0

7

NO

V 0

7

JAN

08

MA

R 0

8

MA

Y 0

8

JUL

08

SE

P 0

8

NO

V 0

8

3040

5060

7080

Results

29

min 500 obs

234 – KFP to LWL

30

210 – LGR to ODF

31

Ground Truth Comparison

• Questions– Can trucks estimate car travel times?– Are the truck matched times “reasonable”?

• Method – State motor pool fleet– Low power GPS data logger

32

Tag,$GPGGA,UTC(hhmmss.sss),Latitude,N/S,Longitude,E/W,Fix quality,Number Of Satellites,Horizontal dilution of position,Altitude,Height of geoid,,ChecksumTag,$GPRMC,UTC(hhmmss.sss),A,Latitude,N/S,Longitude,E/W,Speed(knots),Course(degrees),Date(ddmmyy),,Checksum---,$GPGGA,162807.000,3205.5748,S,11548.6228,E,1,46,226.6,7990.0,M,00.0,M,,*73---,$GPRMC,162807.000,A,3205.5748,S,11548.6228,E,0.00,46.00,080800,,*2B---,$GPGGA,162807.000,3205.5749,S,11548.6228,E,1,46,226.6,8502.0,M,00.0,M,,*7A

Sample Data

Sample Mapped GPS data

33

HH:MM:SS

HH:MM:SS

Summary of Probe Data

Link DateUpstream

StationDownstream

StationDistance

(mi)Start Time

End Time

DurationAvg.

Speed (mph)

211 10/02/08 7_ASP 8_BOR 80.99 18:33:42 19:45:09 01:11:27 67.96

217 10/22/08 9_WDN 4_CSL 73.35 14:26:20 15:49:16 01:22:56 53.02

217 10/27/08 9_WDN 4_CSL 72.05 16:00:09 17:20:18 01:20:09 54.04

220 09/30/08 10_WDS 16_ASH 225.09 12:20:22 15:56:45 03:36:23 62.41

220 10/02/08 10_WDS 16_ASH 226.10 16:30:03 20:17:00 03:46:57 59.76

220 10/27/08 10_WDS 16_ASH 204.40 14:55:13 18:40:47 03:45:34 54.39

223 10/22/08 11_BRE 13_JBS 91.94 21:18:02 22:52:21 01:34:19 58.50

Data Issues with WIM records

202 08/05/08 2_EMH 3_WYT 155.43 23:35:44 02:14:35 02:38:51 58.65

205 09/23/08 3_WYT 10_WDS 86.30 19:14:54 21:51:54 02:37:00 32.98

218 10/22/08 9_WDN 11_BRE 81.93 15:56:37 18:43:01 02:46:24 29.54

205 10/22/08 3_WYT 10_WDS 81.25 20:20:27 21:44:23 01:23:56 58.04

208 10/27/08 4_CSL 5_LGR 221.44 17:31:18 21:36:51 04:05:33 54.12

214 10/22/08 8_BOR 9_WDN 162.57 00:27:50 02:47:18 02:19:28 69.92

219 10/22/08 10_WDS 15_WLB 144.68 15:01:27 17:12:15 02:10:48 66.27

34

Probe Trajectory, WDN to CSL

35

Modified Probe Path - Link_2179_WDN to 4_CSL - Oct. 22

0

15

30

45

60

75

14:00 14:30 15:00 15:30 16:00 16:30Time

Link

Dis

tanc

e (m

i)

Probe

1

2

3

4

Probe Trajectory, ASP to BOR

36

0

15

30

45

60

75

90

18:00 18:30 19:00 19:30 20:00 20:30 21:00

Time

Link

Dis

tanc

e (m

i)

Results

Link Date Probe Avg Truck Difference Percent Error (%)

Link_202 08/05/08 02:38:51 03:33:17 00:54:26 34.27Link_205 09/23/08 02:37:00 01:15:23 01:21:37 51.99Link_205 10/22/08 01:23:56 01:21:18 00:02:38 3.14Link_214 10/27/08 02:19:28 02:47:26 00:27:58 20.05Link_211 10/02/08 01:11:27 01:49:42 00:38:15 53.53Link_217 10/22/08 01:22:56 01:20:44 00:02:13 2.67Link_217 10/27/08 01:20:09 01:37:00 00:16:51 21.02Link_223 10/22/08 01:34:19 01:52:00 00:17:41 18.75Link_218 10/22/08 02:46:24 01:26:00 01:20:24 48.32Link_220 09/30/08 03:36:23 05:14:04 01:37:41 45.14Link_220 10/02/08 03:46:57 05:24:18 01:37:21 42.89Link_220 10/27/08 03:45:34 05:11:36 01:26:02 38.14

37

Discussion

• Real time traveler information• Long term corridor performance• Data quality

38

Real time traveler information

• Incidents and weather typical delays• Probe data confirms trucks behave

differently than cars• Distance between stations

– no vehicle conservation– increased in variability of travel times– latency in information– sensitivity of filter governs minimum incident

that can be detected

• Number of matches– See handout

39

Real time traveler information

• Solve the spacing issue?– Additional tag readers ($9,000)– Where to place?

• Junctions and other known delay areas• Minimum incident duration, link parameters

– Still have trucks not like cars, especially winter– Still have data quality issues

• Other approaches– MAC address matching– More passenger cars– Same issues

40

Long term corridor performance

• Appears feasible• Sufficient number of matches• Average speeds and standard deviations

easily calculated• Long distance not as problematic• Able to detect some disturbances• Additional readers at key locations could

help with patterns• Work on data quality

41

Data quality

• Generally, good• Outages

– Planned/unplanned

• Sensor error or drift– Weight– Timestamp

• Could be addressed

42

Other Freight Performance Measures

• Station level – Metrics produced from this category do not

leverage the transponder information. These are traditional metrics that can be extracted from a WIM data source

• Matched trucks– These are truck-pairs on each link observed

within a window (not necessarily through trucks)

• Filtered matched truck data– Travel time was the key measure (already

presented)

43

Station Level

• Counts of Trucks• Gross Vehicle Weight and Payload Estimate• Percentage of Trucks with Transponders • Overweight Vehicles• Observed Truck Speed

44

Counts of Trucks

45

Counts of Trucks

1 2 4 5 6 7 10 11 12

-20

0

20

40

Month

Ne

t Pa

ylo

ad

, Cla

ss 9

Fiv

e A

xle

Tru

cks

(em

pty

wt =

40

kip

)

Bend, US-97 NB, MP 145.5 Class 9 Trucks, 2007 Reported Data

DRAFT, Portland State University, PORTAL WIM Archive, Data by ODOT Motor Carrier

Nu

mb

er

of o

bse

rva

tion

s 8

54

04

46

Overweight> 80 kips

47

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

0015

000

Farewell Bend POE

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

0015

000

Emigrant Hill

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

0015

000

Wyeth

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

0015

000

Cascade Locks POE

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

0015

000

LaGrande

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

0015

000

Olds Ferry

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

0015

000

Ashland POE

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

0015

000

Booth Ranch

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

0015

000

Woodburn, NB

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

0015

000

Woodburn, SB

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

0015

000

Brightwood, EB

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

0015

000

Brightwood, WB

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

0015

000

Juniper Butte

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

0015

000

Lowell

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s2 4 6 8 10 12

050

0015

000

Ashland, SB

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

0015

000

Klamath Falls POE

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

0015

000

Bend

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

0015

000

Juniper Butte

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

0015

000

Klamath Falls, SB

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

Overweight> 105 kips

48

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

015

0025

0035

00

Farewell Bend POE

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

015

0025

0035

00

Emigrant Hill

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

015

0025

0035

00

Wyeth

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

015

0025

0035

00

Cascade Locks POE

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

015

0025

0035

00

LaGrande

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

015

0025

0035

00

Olds Ferry

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

015

0025

0035

00

Ashland POE

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

015

0025

0035

00

Booth Ranch

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

015

0025

0035

00

Woodburn, NB

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

015

0025

0035

00

Woodburn, SB

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

015

0025

0035

00

Brightwood, EB

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

015

0025

0035

00

Brightwood, WB

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

015

0025

0035

00

Juniper Butte

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

015

0025

0035

00

Lowell

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s2 4 6 8 10 12

050

015

0025

0035

00

Ashland, SB

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

015

0025

0035

00

Klamath Falls POE

Month

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

015

0025

0035

00

Bend

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

015

0025

0035

00

Juniper Butte

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

2 4 6 8 10 12

050

015

0025

0035

00

Klamath Falls, SB

Num

ber

of T

ruck

s

Matched Truck Data

• Estimated Freight Activity on Corridor• Freight Patterns• Ton Miles• Emissions

49

Freight Activity

50

About 1600 more truckloadsconsumed

Production

Consumption

Freight Activity

51

Freight Activity

52

Freight Activity

53

Conclusions

• Procedure developed to obtain, process, load in archive, match, and filter– Need to develop automated method to address

data quality

• Real-time traveler information– Appears to be of limited value

• Performance monitoring– Average speed and other measures promising– Method established– Expandable

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Questions?

• Suggestions?• What do you want to see improved?• Thoughts?• Anything missing?

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