Chp cogeneration

8/8/2019 Chp cogeneration

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Seminar onSeminar on

--Guided byGuided by--MissMiss.. NishaNisha PatelPatel

--Prepared byPrepared by--RiteshRitesh PatelPatel--ShivShiv PatelPatel


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CONTENT .CONTENT .

Introduction.Introduction.

Overview.Overview.

Types of CoTypes of Co--generation.generation.

ApplicationApplication of Coof Co--generation.generation.

BenefitsBenefits of Coof Co--generation.generation.


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Whatsa CoWhatsa Co--generation/CHP System?generation/CHP System?

CoCo--generationgeneration [also combined heat and power[also combined heat and power (CHP)(CHP)]]

Generation of multiple forms of energy in oneGeneration of multiple forms of energy in onesystem: heat and powersystem: heat and power

Defined by its prime moversDefined by its prime movers

Gas

tu

rbine

sGas

tu

rbine

s

Steam turbinesSteam turbines Reciprocating enginesReciprocating engines Micro turbinesMicro turbines

Fu

el cellsFu

el cells

IntroductionIntroduction ..


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CONTENT .CONTENT .


Overview.Overview.





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OverviewOverview ..


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OverviewOverview ..

CoCo--generation process in automobilegeneration process in automobile

Main components of a typicalMain components of a typicalsystem are:system are:

-- The engine or prime moverThe engine or prime moverwhich drives the generator.which drives the generator.

-- The generator whichThe generator whichproduces electricity.produces electricity.

-- The heat recovery systemThe heat recovery systemthat recovers the waste heatthat recovers the waste heat

from both the engine waterfrom both the engine watercooling jacket and exhaustcooling jacket and exhaustgases.gases.

-- The exhaust system to takeThe exhaust system to takeaway the products ofaway the products ofcombustion.combustion.


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OverviewOverview ..

Efficiency AdvantageEfficiency Advantageofof CHPCHP

requires only 3/4 of therequires only 3/4 of theprimary energyprimary energy

For the same amount ofFor the same amount offuel more efficiency.fuel more efficiency.


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CONTENT .CONTENT .


Overview.Overview.





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OOptionsforCogenerationptionsforCogenerationSystemsSystems ..

-- Open Gasturbine systemsOpen Gasturbine systems

Air

G

Compressor Turbine

HRSG

CombustorFuel

Generator

ExhaustGases

Condensate

from Process

Steam toProcess

--Back pressureBack pressureSteam turbine systemsSteam turbine systems

Boiler Turbine

Process

HP Steam

CondensateLPSteam

Old/small units: 15:1 New/large

units: 30:1

Exhaust gas at 450-600 oC

High pressure steam produced:

can drive steam turbine

Open Brayton cycle: atmospheric air

at increased pressure to combustor

Widely used in CHP applications

Oldest prime mover technology

Capacities: 50 kW to hundreds of MWs

Thermodynamic cycle is the Rankine

cycle

Steam exits the turbine at a higherpressure that the atmospheric


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OptionsforCogenerationSystemsOptionsforCogenerationSystems .

-- Combine cycle systemCombine cycle system

Many advantages: operation,

efficiency, fuel costs

Used as direct mechanical drives

- Reciprocating EngineReciprocating Engine


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TypesofCogenerationSystems .TypesofCogenerationSystems .

Topping CycleTopping Cycle

Bottoming CycleBottoming Cycle


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TypesofCogenerationSystems. .TypesofCogenerationSystems. .

Micro CHPMicro CHPThe installation isThe installation isusually less than 5usually less than 5kW in a house orkW in a house or

small businesssmall business

Mini CHPMini CHP

installation is usually moreinstallation is usually morethan 5 kW and less thanthan 5 kW and less than500 kW in a building or500 kW in a building ormedium sized business.medium sized business.


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CONTENT .CONTENT .


Overview.Overview.





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ApplicationApplication ..

Large scaleLarge scale Small scaleSmall scale

Typical installations:Typical installations:

--Hospitals & Air Ports, whereHospitals & Air Ports, where

there is already a requirementthere is already a requirementfor standfor stand--by power.by power.

--District Heating Systems.District Heating Systems.

--Reciprocating enginesReciprocating engines

--Horticulture.Horticulture.--IndustriesIndustries

-- singlesingle--building usersbuilding users


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ApplicationofCoApplicationofCo--generation. .generation. .

CHP technology

is commercially

available today

CHP can alsoavoid transmissionand distributionlosses.


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July 2007Hondas CompactHousehold CogenerationUnit AchievesCumulative Sales of50,000 units in Japan

Application of CoApplication of Co--generation. .generation. .


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CONTENT .CONTENT .


Overview.Overview.





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BenefitsofCoBenefitsofCo--generation. .generation. .

1) High overall plantefficiency.High overall plantefficiency.2)2) Decentralize the electricity generation.Decentralize the electricity generation.3)3) Reduces line losses.Reduces line losses.4)4) Flexible & Modular.Flexible & Modular.5)5) Lesspollution.Lesspollution.6)6) Simplicity inoperation.Simplicity inoperation.7)7)Ability touse waste materials.Ability touse waste materials.

8)8) ReducingEnvironmental impact.ReducingEnvironmental impact.9)9) Economic management.Economic management.


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CoCo--generationgeneration

THANK YOUTHANK YOU

FOR YOUR ATTENTIONFOR YOUR ATTENTION

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Chp cogeneration