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Chapter 12

Transformations Around The Globe1800-1914

Chapter 12 Section 1

China Resist Outside Influence

Confucius (K'ung-tzu) “_________ Kong"

551 BC – 479 BC Chinese _______ and social philosopher.

emphasized _________ and governmental __________

Mandate of __________ –Right to Rule

Chaos – Tried to bring order

Confucianism

NOT a ___________, _________ to interactions 5 RelationshipsLord – _________Husband – _________Father – ________Older Brother – __________

BrotherFriend – __________

Mencious - Follower

Confucius Say…

Man who stand on toilet, high on pot

Man who run in front of car, get tired

War does not determine who is right, it determines who is left

Man who jumps off cliff, jumps to conclusion

If you want pretty nurse, must be patient

Chinese Superiority______ of Chinese – looked down on foreigners

Chinese had ____________ they needed – no need for ________

16th C – ________ trade is starting

Market for Chinese tea, silk, _______________

Mercantilism – $ & commodities treated different - balance of trade,

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Qing (Ching) Dynasty

_____ Dynasty

Great Wall – _________

__________ uprising

Wu SanguiChoose people or culture

Tea – Opium ConnectionWest only _______ to _____ at 1 port – Guangzhou (Canton) (S China)Trade ____________ – west must find product China wants_________ – used in China 100’s of years – medicineGB brings non-medicinal opium by 1835 12mil Chinese addicted

1st Opium War1839 - Chinese _____ goes to ______ opium

British __________ transfers it to British _______ _______

Agent seizes opium, Great Britain ________ _________

China refuses, War starts

1st Opium War

Treaty of _______ – beginning of ___________ treatiesMore open ports – More Trade

_________________ – British citizens are not subject to Chinese laws

____________ – Fine for war

______ ________ – Britain gets long term lease on the city

________ RebellionHong Xiuquan – civil service exam, Jesus’ younger ________

“______ ______” Taiping – All of China should live in peace. Primitive ____________

1840’s begin recruiting members,

1850 – 1mil followers attack Confucianism

1853 – takes capital Nanjing

Foreign Influence Grows

2nd _______ War – GB helps Hunan army put down Taiping Rebellion

1860-1895 – Self ______________ Movement attempt to modernize

Eastern _______, Western ________Keep Confucian principles, but also

learn W tech.

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ProblemsCan you borrow just an idea Steamship Co.

Need Coal

Need Coal Mine

Need RR

Need Govt Control or Corp.

Laws?????

One thing leads to another

Wars

_____-French War ________ (Vietnam)Fr want in Asia – Indochina – __________

of China

Chinese fight – lose war – lose _________

Sino-____________ WarControl of ______ (Jap fear China will lose

grip on Korea)

Chinese fight – lose war – lose Taiwan, pay indemnity, & prove self-strengthen failure

Chinese Nationality

Guangzu __________ – tries more reformsQing _________ ups feel

threatened

Call back former empress ____

Cixi arrests Emperor – undoes reforms

People rebel – _________ Rebellion

Boxer Rebellion__________ unhappy w/reforms –fuel rebellionBoxers – into ___________ arts, religion, & anything anti-western.Society of ____________ & Harmonious ________Begin attacking ___________, Empress Cixi supports, declares war on them.______ allied countries come in defense of citizensPay another huge indemnity

Chinese RepublicMore _________ are attempted

Wu Chong ________ – Yuan Shikai & SunYat-Sen vie for power.

Deal made Yuan becomes President of _________

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Chapter 12 Section 3

U.S. Economic Imperialism

Latin America After Independence

The ________ life didn’t improve Still working for rich

__________ instability –military leaders (_________) take controlBy mid 1800’s – most

countries controlled by Caudillos

Economies Grow Under Foreign Influence

_________ still depend on Trade, but now with other ____________ countries

Many ___________ have loans from Euro countries – leads to economic control

The Monroe Doctrine1823 – Pres James __________ to congress

Any interference in Latin America by _________ countries, seen as hostile act to US

Cuba Declares Independence1868-78 _____ for Indep - give up til 1895

By mid 1890’s US has _______ interest in Cuba

1898 – USS _______ blows up in HavanaWe blame it on Spain

Spanish-American War

Spanish-American WarWe get ______, Philippines, & ________ _________

Teddy __________ gains fame – takes him to Presidency

US keeps ________ of Cuba through installed govt –angers Cubans

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Connecting the OceansAfter gaining _______ in Latin Amer – looked at way to shorten land _______Offers big $ to ___________ to build canal Columbia controls - want more $1903 US encourages _________ in Panama US Navy helps – Panama gives land for canalCanal opens 1914

Roosevelt Corollary

To ______ interest in Latin America

TR issued an __________ (corollary) to the Monroe Doctrine

Claimed US has the right to be an international police power in the West Hemisphere

Chapter 8Nationalist Revolutions Sweep the

West

Section 2 pgs. 253-255 - Nationalism

Section 3 – Nationalism – Unification of Germany and Italy

Main Idea

Nationalism contributed to the formation of two new nations and a

new political order in Europe.

Why It Matters Now

Nationalism is the basis of world politics today and has often caused

conflicts and wars.

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Nationalism and Nation-States

• ____________—loyalty to nation of ________ with common culture, history

• ___________—nation with its own independent government

• In 1815 __________, only France, England, and Spain are nation-states

• -Three different types of nationalist movements: -_____________ merges culturally similar lands-____________ splits off culturally distinct groups-_____________ binds separate cultures into one

The Breakup of the Austrian Empire

• ________ includes people from many ethnic groups

• ____ defeat, forces emperor to ______ empire into Austria and Hungary - still ruled by emperor

The Russian Empire Crumbles

• After 370 years, ________ czars begin losing __________ over empire

• _____________—forcing other peoples to adopt Russian culture- policy further disunites Russia, strengthens ethnic nationalism

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The Ottoman Empire Weakens

• ______ tensions among ethnic groups ________ empire

• Rulers grant __________ to all groups, outraging Turks

Cavour Leads Italian Unification

• Camillo di Cavour— _____ __________ of kingdom of Sardinia in 1852

• Gets _________ help to win control of Austrian-controlled Italian land

• Giuseppe Garibaldi leads ____________ who conquer southern _______

• Cavour convinces Garibaldi to ________ southern Italy and Sardinia

• Garibaldi steps aside, allowing king of Sardinia to rule

Garibaldi Brings Unity Prussia Leads German Unification

• _______ has advantages that help it unify ___________:- mostly German _____________- powerful army- creation of liberal constitution

Bismarck Takes Control

• ________ - conservative wealthy landowners

• Junker realpolitik master Otto von ____________ becomes prime minister

• Realpolitik—power politics without room for idealism

• Bismarck _________ Prussian parliament

Prussia Expands

• __________ and Austria fight ________, gain two provinces

• Quick ________ makes other German nations respect Prussia

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________ ________ War

• ___________ creates border dispute with _______ to provoke war

• Prussia seizes Austrian territory in northern ____________

• Eastern and western parts of ___________ kingdom joined for first time

The Franco-Prussian War

• Bismarck provokes war with _________ to unite all Germans

• _________ is crowned _______—emperor of a united Germany—at Versailles

• Bismarck creates a _______ united under Prussian dominance

Balance Is Lost• In 1815 the _________

of Vienna established five powers in ______:- Austria, Prussia, Britain, France, and Russia

• By 1871, ________ and ____________ (now _________) have gained much power

• Austria and Russia are weaker militarily and economically