Chp 1 Science Manangement

8/3/2019 Chp 1 Science Manangement

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/chp-1-science-manangement 1/14

INDUSTRIAL

MANAGEMENTMISKIAH BINTI WAKIJAN

Jabatan kejuruteraan Mekanikal

Politeknik Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah

Semambu 25350 Kuantan, Pahang

013 - 9320404



1.0INTRODUCTION

AND TECHNIQUEOF SCIENTIFIC

MANAGEMENT



INTRODUCTION

Henri Fayol (1841 –1925) - management(6 functions ) forecasting, planning,organizing, commanding, coordinating, andcontrolling (modern concepts of

management).

Mary Parker Follett (1868 –1933) - definedmanagement as "the art of getting things

done through people". She describedmanagement as philosophy.

Frederick Taylor (1856-1915), leaddeveloper of scientific management.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Fayol

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Function_(engineering)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Parker_Follett




http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Function_(engineering)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Fayol



Management “Management is the process of designing and

maintaining an environment in which individuals,working together in groups, accomplish their aimseffectively and efficiently.”

TAYLOR : “Management is the art of knowing whatyou want to do and then seeing that it is done in thebest and cheapest way”.

Mac Farland :“Management is a process by which

managers create, direct, maintain and operatepurposive organisations through systematic,coordinated, cooperative human efforts”.

L.Apply :“Management is accomplishment of resultsthrou h the efforts of other eo le”



Koontz : “It is the art of getting things done through

and with people in formally organised groups”.

TAYLOR Stanley Vance : “Management is simply

the process of decision-making and control over theaction of human-beings for the expressed purposeof attaining pre-determined goals”.

F.W TAYLOR- Father of the Scientific Management. - emphasised on shop-floor level efficiency in ascientific

manner. - conducted various experiments to find out howhuman beings could be made to work moreefficiently by standardising the work and better

method of doing the work.



Scientifik Management

Frederick Taylor - Scientific management means knowing exactly what you want men to do and seeing that they do it in the best and the cheapest way.

Kimball and Kimball - An attitude that aims to

replace (I think with I know). It points out the method of intelligently directing the construction and arrangement of factory buildings, the character of

methods and processes, the organizations of departments, the elimination of wastes and increase

of efficiency in all phases of industrial administration where experience and date are applicable.

Peter F. Drucker - The operational study of work,



Four Principles of Scientific Management

1) Study the ways jobs are performed now and

determine new ways to do them.•Gather detailed time and motion information.

•Try different methods to see which is best.

2) Codify the new methods into rules.•Teach to all workers the new method.

3) Select workers whose skills match the rules.

4) Stablish fair levels of performance and pay apremium for higher performance.

•Workers should benefit from higher output.



Techniques of Scientific Management

1. Scientific Task and Rate-setting, work

improvement.(methods study, time study, motion study, fatigue

study,rate-setting)

2. Planning the Task. (no bottle neck,systematically)

3. Vocational Selection and Training. (correctmethods of

work)

4. Standardization. (conditions of work, materialequipment, speed, tools and equipment etc.)

5. Specialization.



Industrial management

the organizational process that includes strategic

planning, setting; objectives, managing resources,deploying the human and financial assets needed toachieve objectives, and measuring results.

Management also includes recording and storing

facts and information for later use or for others withinthe organization.

The concept of management planning involvesdirection, planning, adjustment, control, andcooperation.

Management functions are not limited to managersand supervisors. Every member of the organizationhas some management and reporting functions aspart of their job.



The importance of industrial management

It helps in Achieving Group Goals.

Optimum Utilization of Resources.

Reduces Costs.

Establishes Sound Organization.

Establishes Equilibrium. Essentials for Prosperity of Society



Definition of productivity

Productivity is the amount of results (output) anorganization gets for a given amount of inputs suchas labor and machinery.

Productivity is defined as Output over Input. Productivity = amount produced (Outputs)

amount of all resources used(Inputs)

Output: the value delivered.

Input: the resources (e.g., effort) spent togenerate the output, the influence of environmentalfactors (e.g., complexity, quality constraints, timeconstraints, process capability, team distribution,interrupts, feature churn, tools, design).



Factors that influence productivity

Physical and psychological influences.

Utilization of resources.

Efficiency of resources.

Work methods.

Supervision. Motivation.



Ways of increasing productivity

1. Better planning and training of employees, improved

jobs and communication and effective mgt. throughCPM/PERT methods.

2. Use of time and motion studies to study and improvework performance. It enables to assess the quantum ofwork, which can be used for planning and control.

3. Better transportation and material handling system.

4. By providing work incentives and other benefits toworkers.

5. Workers involvement in decision making and working of

organizations. 6. Improvement in technology of production process and

nature of raw-material and its quality.

7. Simplification, standardization and specializationtechnique.

8. Better and efficient utilization of resources at the



THANK YOU

Documents

Chp 1 Science Manangement