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Choosing HealthAn Entitlement for all Indians
Prabhat Jha, CGHR, University of Toronto
Ramanan Laxminarayan, Resources for the Future
1SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
Jha and Laxminarayan
Table S1 Total Additional Costs for Entitlement Package and System Reforms, First Decade, Per Year
2SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
Jha and Laxminarayan
Table S2 Timeline For Action
3SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
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Figure 1.1 Income Per Head in India
4SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
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Figure 1.2 Child Survival: India Lags Behind
5SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
Jha and Laxminarayan
Figure 1.3 Divergence in Income Growth Rates Among States
6SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
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Map 1.1Empowered Action Group States Plus Assam (EAGA States)
7SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
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Figure 1.4Life Lottery: Death in Childbirth is More Likely in the Poor States
8SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
Jha and Laxminarayan
Figure 1.5 Indian Government Spending on Health
9SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
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Figure 2.1 The Leading Causes of Death, All India, All Ages, 2004
10SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
Jha and Laxminarayan
Table 2.1 Top 10 Causes of Death in India, All Ages, 2004
11SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
Jha and Laxminarayan
Table 2.2 Broad Causes of Death in People Under Age 70, by State Group, 2004
12SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
Jha and Laxminarayan
Figure 2.2 Premature Deaths (Under Age 70) by State Group, 2004
13SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
Jha and Laxminarayan
Figure 2.3Causes of Death for 2 Million Children Under Age 5, by State Group, 2004
14SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
Jha and Laxminarayan
Figure 2.4 Immunisation Trends, 1998 – 2006
15SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
Jha and Laxminarayan
Figure 2.5 Percent of Undernourished Children Under Age 3, 1998 and 2006
16SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
Jha and Laxminarayan
Figure 2.6 Maternal Deaths Per 100,000 Live Births, Actual Trends 1997 – 2006,
17SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
Jha and Laxminarayan
Figure 2.7 Institutional Deliveries in EAGA and Selected Other States, 2005 – 2006
18SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
Jha and Laxminarayan
Figure 2.8 The More Babies Delivered in Institutions With Skilled Care, the Lower the Maternal Death Rate
19SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
Jha and Laxminarayan
Table 2.3 Ratio of Females to Males Per 1000, Aged 0 to 6
20SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
Jha and Laxminarayan
Figure 2.9 The Top Six Causes of Adult Deaths in Middle Age (Age 25-69 Years), 2004
21SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
Jha and Laxminarayan
Figure 2.10 Risks of Death at Ages 30-69 Among Smokers and Non-Smokers by Disease in India, 2010, by Gender
22SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
Jha and Laxminarayan
Figure 3.1 Per Capita Public Spending on Health in Relation to GDP in Countries With Low and Medium Development, 2003
23SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
Jha and Laxminarayan
Table 3.1 Shortfall in Public Health Service Facilities, 2004
24SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
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Table 3.2 Percentage of Inadequate Public Health Facilities, 2004
25SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
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Figure 3.2 Absenteeism Among Doctors by State & Reasons for Absence, 2003
26SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
Jha and Laxminarayan
Figure 4.1 Relationship Between Infant Mortality Rate and Real GDP Per Capita Across States, 1981, 1991 and 2003
27SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
Jha and Laxminarayan
Figure 4.2 Percentage of Private Health Spending in Relation to Per Capita Income, Low and Medium Human
Development Countries, 2003
28SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
Jha and Laxminarayan
Figure 4.3 Public and Private Health Spending in Selected Higher Income Countries % of GDP, 2002
29SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
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Figure 4.4A Three-Step Process for Prioritising Health Interventions
30SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
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Table 5.1The Entitlement Package in Summary
31SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
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Table 5.1The Entitlement Package in Summary(continued)
32SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
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Table 5.2 Priority Reforms: Selected Actions to Improve Health Outcomes
33SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
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Table 5.2 Priority Reforms: Selected Actions to Improve Health Outcomes(continued)
34SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
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Figure 5.1 Annual Estimated Per Capita Costs (Rs) for Addressing Shortfalls in Public Health System Over a Decade
35SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
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Table 5.3 Total Additional Costs for Entitlement Package and System Reforms, 1st Decade, Per Year
36SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
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Figure 6.1 Why the Poor Gain Most From Services Made Available to All
37SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
Jha and Laxminarayan
Table 6.1 Timeline For Action
38SOURCE: Choosing Health - An Entitlement for all Indians
Jha and Laxminarayan