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Final Environmental Impact Assessment
Report
of
Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II)
Survey No. 85/B, ECP Canal Road,
At & P: Karakhadi, Tal. Padra,
Dist. Vadodara, Gujarat
for
Proposed Expansion of Various Pigments Manufacturing
(from 100 MT/month to 1400 MT/month)
Project Activity: 5(f), Category: A
ToR no. J-11011/179/2017-IA-II(I)
Prepared by
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd.
(NABET Accreditation No. NABET/EIA/1619/RA0084; Valid till 23.12.2019)
424, Medicine Market, Paldi Cross Road, Ahmedabad-380006, Gujarat
Email: [email protected]
(December, 2018)
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) I
Contents
Particulars Page No.
Index I
List of Tables X
List of Figures XIII
List of Annexures XIV
Index
Page No.
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Preface 1-1
1.2 Purpose of the Report 1-1
1.3 Identification of Project & Project Proponent 1-2
1.4 Brief description of project 1-3
1.5 Regulatory Framework 1-4
1.6 Scope of the study 1-4
1.7 Compliance to Terms of Reference 1-5
1.8 Details of Major Industries Surrounding the Unit 1-15
1.9 Objectives of EIA 1-16
1.10 Methodology for EIA 1-16
1.11 Structure of Report 1-17
Chapter 2 Project Description
2.1 Introduction 2-1
2.2 Need for the study 2-2
2.3 Location of the Project 2-2
2.4 Size or magnitude of operation 2-5
2.4.1 Land breakup & project site layout 2-5
2.4.2 Project Magnitude 2-7
2.5 Proposed Schedule for approval and implementation 2-7
2.6 Infrastructural Facilities
(Plant equipments/machineries/utilities)
2-8
2.7 Description of Manufacturing Process 2-9
2.8 Project Components 2-18
2.9 Input Requirements 2-18
2.10 Generation of pollutants 2-23
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) II
2.10.1 Wastewater generation 2-23
2.10.2 Gaseous emissions 2-23
2.10.3 Hazardous/ solid waste generation 2-25
2.10.4 Noise Pollution 2-26
2.11 Pollution control measures 2-26
2.11.1 Effluent management 2-26
2.11.2 Air pollution control 2-27
2.11.3 Hazardous/solid waste management 2-28
2.11.4 Noise control measures 2-29
2.12 Rain water harvesting 2-29
2.13 Green Belt Development 2-29
2.14 Occupational health & safety 2-30
Chapter 3 Description of the Environment
3.1 General 3-1
3.2 Study area 3-1
3.3 Study Period 3-2
3.4 Source of environmental data generation 3-2
3.5 Methodology 3-2
3.6 Land Environment 3-3
3.6.1 Land use pattern of the Study Area 3-3
3.6.2 Objective of Land Use Studies 3-3
3.6.3 Topography 3-5
3.6.4 Seismicity of the area 3-5
3.7 Meteorology 3-5
3.7.1 Site specific micro-meteorological data 3-5
3.7.2 Wind Rose 3-6
3.8 Ambient air quality 3-7
3.8.1 Introduction 3-7
3.8.2 Design of Network for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations
3-7
3.8.3 Reconnaissance 3-7
3.8.4 Parameters, Frequency and monitoring Methodology 3-7
3.8.5 Interpretation of result 3-9
3.9 Water Environment 3-9
3.9.1 Hydro-Geology of the Study Area 3-9
3.10 Water quality 3-11
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) III
3.10.1 Introduction 3-11
3.10.2 Sampling Frequency, Techniques & Methodology 3-11
3.10.3 Surface Water Quality (Primary data) 3-12
3.10.4 Ground Water Quality 3-13
3.10.5 Interpretation 3-13
3.10.6 Conclusion 3-14
3.11 Noise Environment 3-14
3.11.1 Instrument used for Sampling and Monitoring 3-14
3.11.2 Noise Quality Monitoring Locations 3-15
3.11.3 Ambient Noise Standards 3-15
3.11.4 Results 3-15
3.11.5 Conclusion 3-15
3.12 Soil Environment 3-16
3.12.1 Soil sampling locations 3-16
3.12.2 Methodology 3-16
3.12.3 Corollaries 3-17
3.12.4 Conclusion 3-18
3.13 Biological Environment 3-18
3.13.1 Period of the study 3-19
3.13.2 Study methodology 3-19
3.13.3 Floral species in the study area 3-19
3.13.4 Fauna in the study area 3-19
3.14 Socio Economic Environment 3-20
3.14.1 Objective of the study 3-20
3.14.2 Land use pattern and infrastructure 3-20
3.14.3 Demographic and Socio-Economic Environment 3-21
3.14.4 Living Standard and Infrastructure 3-21
Chapter 4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation
Measures
4.1 General 4-1
4.2 Identification of Impact 4-2
4.2.1 Identification of Impacting Activities 4-2
4.2.2 Identification of Environment Attributes 4-3
4.3 Impact on Topography 4-3
4.4 Impact on Air Environment 4-3
4.4.1 Air Pollution Dispersion modeling of stack 4-4
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) IV
4.4.2 Micrometeorology 4-5
4.4.3 Input data 4-6
4.4.4 Receptor Network 4-6
4.4.5 Output of Model (24-hourly GLC’s) 4-6
4.4.6 Incremental & cumulative concentration of pollutants 4-7
4.4.7 Conclusions 4-7
4.5 Impact on Water Environment 4-7
4.6 Impact on Noise Environment 4-8
4.7 Impact on Land Environment 4-9
4.8 Impact on Biological Environment 4-11
4.9 Impact on Socio-Economic Environment 4-12
4.10 Impact on Occupational Health & Safety 4-12
Chapter 5 Analysis of Alternatives
5.1 Prologue 5-1
5.2 Site Alternative 5-1
5.3 Process Alternative 5-1
Chapter 6 Environmental Monitoring Program
6.1 Prelude 6-1
6.2 Environment Monitoring Program 6-1
6.3 Objective of Monitoring Plan 6-1
6.4 Schedule for Environment Monitoring 6-2
6.5 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring 6-2
6.6 Water Environment Monitoring 6-3
6.7 Noise Environment Monitoring 6-3
Chapter 7 Additional Studies
A Hazard Analysis & Risk Assessment 7-1
7.1 Introduction 7-1
7.2 Risk Assessment – Identification of Hazard 7-1
7.3 Hazardous Material Storage 7-3
7.4 Risk Screening Approach 7-4
7.4.1 Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) 7-6
7.4.2 Emergency Response Planning Guidelines (ERPGs) 7-7
7.5 QRA Approach 7-8
7.6 Thermal Hazards 7-9
7.7 Damage due to explosion 7-10
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) V
7.8 Toxic release 7-11
7.9 Acid/Alkali Hazards 7-11
7.10 Likely Failure Scenarios 7-12
B. Quantitative Risk Assessment & Consequence Analysis 7-13
7.11 Preamble 7-13
7.11.1 Weather Effect 7-13
7.12 Incidents Impacts 7-13
7.13 Consequential Impacts 7-15
7.13.1 Thermal and explosion Hazard 7-15
7.13.2 Toxic Hazards 7-15
7.13.3 Other Hazards 7-15
7.13.4 Other Toxic Hazards 7-16
7.14 Occupational Health 7-16
7.15 Conclusion & Recommendations 7-18
C. Material Handling and safety Measures 7-20
7.16 Action plan for handling & safety system of chemical 7-20
7.16.1 Safety Measures for Transportation and Unloading of
Hazardous Chemicals
7-20
7.16.2 Safety Measures for Storage/Handling of Hazardous
Chemicals
7-20
7.16.3 Safety measures for process units 7-21
7.16.4 Safety measures for preventive maintenance 7-21
7.16.5 Safety measures to prevent spillage/leakage of Toxic
chemicals
7-22
7.17 Arrangements for ensuring Health and Safety of Workers
Engaged in Handling of Toxic Materials
7-22
D. Emergency Management Plan (EMP) 7-24
7.18 Disaster Management Plan (DMP) 7-24
7.18.1 Definitions 7-24
7.18.2 Objective of the Disaster Management Plan 7-25
7.19 On-site Emergency Plan 7-26
7.19.1 Incident Controller 7-26
7.19.1.1 Duties of Incident Controller 7-26
7.19.2 Site Main Controller 7-27
7.19.2.1 Duties of Site Main Controller 7-27
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) VI
7.19.3 Other Key Personnel 7-28
7.19.3.1 Emergency Response Team 7-28
7.19.3.2 Emergency Personnel’s Responsibilities Outside Normal
Working Hours of the Factory.
7-28
7.19.3.3 Assembly Point 7-29
7.19.4 Emergency Control Centre 7-29
7.19.4.1 Role of Emergency Control Centre 7-29
7.19.5 Fire & Toxicity Control Arrangements 7-30
7.19.6 Medical Arrangements 7-30
7.19.7 Transport & Evacuation, Mutual Aid Arrangements 7-30
7.20 Communication System 7-30
7.20.1 Declaring the Emergency 7-30
7.20.1.1 Type of sirens 7-30
7.20.1.2 Location of sirens 7-31
7.20.1.3 Raising Alarm 7-31
7.20.2 Internal communication 7-32
7.20.2.1 Availability of Key Personnel outside Normal Working Hours 7-32
7.20.3 Communication to the Authorities 7-32
7.21 Pre-emergency activities 7-33
7.22 Post-Emergency Activities 7-33
7.22.1 Evacuation and Transportation 7-33
7.22.2 Safe Close Down 7-34
7.22.3 Use of Mutual Aid 7-34
7.22.4 Use of External Authorities 7-34
7.22.5 Medical Treatment 7-34
7.22.6 Accounting for Personnel 7-34
7.22.7 Access to Records 7-34
7.22.8 Public Relations 7-34
7.22.9 Rehabilitation 7-34
7.23 Causes of Emergency 7-35
7.23.1 Risk 7-35
7.23.1.1 Nature 7-35
7.23.1.2 Various Emergency Actions 7-35
7.23.1.3 Response Time-Minutes 7-36
7.24 Off-site Emergency Plan 7-36
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) VII
7.24.1 Need of the Site Emergency Plan 7-36
7.24.2 Structure of the Off-Site Emergency Plan 7-37
7.24.3 Role of the Factory Management 7-37
7.24.4 Role of the Emergency Co-ordination Office (ECO) 7-37
7.24.5 Role of the local authority 7-37
7.24.6 Role of Fire Authorities 7-37
7.24.7 Role of the police & Evacuation Authorities 7-37
7.24.8 Role of the health authorities 7-38
7.24.9 Role of the Mutual Aid Agencies 7-38
7.24.10 Role of the factory Inspectorate 7-38
7.25 Mock Drills and Records 7-38
7.25.1 Need of Rehearsal & Training 7-38
7.25.2 Some Check Points 7-38
7.25.3 Records and Updating the Plan 7-39
E. PUBLIC CONSULTATION 7-39
F. SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 7-57
Chapter 8 Project Benefits
8.1 Introduction 8-1
8.2 Improvements in Physical Infrastructure 8-1
8.3 Employment Potential 8-1
8.4 Other Tangible Benefits 8-2
Chapter 9 Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis 9-1
Chapter 10 Environment Management Plan
10.1 Introduction 10-1
10.2 Environmental Management During Construction Phase 10-2
10.2.1 Air & Noise Environment 10-2
10.2.2 Water Environment 10-2
10.2.3 Socio-Economic Environment 10-2
10.2.4 Health & Safety 10-2
10.3 Environmental Management during the Operational Phase 10-3
10.3.1 Air Pollution Management 10-3
10.3.1.1 Source of Air Pollution & Control Measures 10-3
10.3.1.2 Measures for Solvent Recovery 10-4
10.3.1.3 Odour Control Plan 10-4
10.3.2 Water Environment 10-5
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) VIII
10.3.3 Hazardous/Solid waste management 10-5
10.3.4 Noise Control 10-6
10.3.5 Green Belt Development 10-7
10.3.6 Occupational Health & Safety Plan 10-9
10.4 Post Project Environmental Monitoring 10-11
10.4.1 Details of Work Place Air Quality Monitoring Plan 10-12
10.5 Environment Management Budget Allocation 10-13
10.6 Environmental Management Cell 10-14
10.6.1 Hierarchical Structure of Environmental Management Cell 10-14
10.6.2 Reporting System of Non-Compliances/Violations of
Environmental Norms
10-15
10.6.3 Framework for Continual Improvement of Environmental
Performance of Organization
10-16
10.7 Resource Conservation and Cleaner Production 10-16
10.8 Energy conservation programme 10-16
10.9 Socio Economic Activities 10-17
Chapter 11 Summary & Conclusion
11.1 Project Description 11-1
11.1.1 General Introduction 11-1
11.1.2 Brief project description 11-1
11.1.3 Investment of the Project 11-2
11.1.4 List of Products 11-2
11.2 Description of Environment 11-2
11.2.1 Baseline Environmental Study 11-2
11.2.2 Air Environment 11-3
11.2.3 Water Environment 11-4
11.2.4 Noise Environment 11-5
11.2.5 Soil Quality 11-5
11.2.6 Biological Environment 11-6
11.2.7 Socio-Economic Environment 11-6
11.3 Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 11-6
11.3.1 Summary of Impacts on Air Environment 11-6
11.3.2 Summary of Impacts on Water Environment 11-7
11.3.3 Impacts on Noise quality & Mitigation measures 11-8
11.3.4 Summary on Impacts on Land Environment 11-8
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) IX
11.3.5 Summary of Impacts on Socio Economy 11-9
11.3.6 Summary on Impact on Ecology 11-9
11.4 Environment Monitoring Programme 11-9
11.5 Additional Studies 11-10
11.5.1 Risk Assessment 11-10
11.6 Project Benefits 11-10
11.7 Environmental Management Plan 11-10
11.8 Conclusion 11-12
Chapter-12 Disclosure of Consultant engaged
12.1 Preface 12-1
12.2 Details of EIA Consultant Organization 12-1
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) X
List of Tables
Table
No.
Name Page No.
1.1 Salient features of the project 1-3
1.2 List of products with its capacity 1-4
2.1 Land breakup 2-5
2.2 List of products & by-products with its capacity 2-7
2.3 List of plant equipments/machineries/utilities 2-8
2.4 Raw material consumption details 2-18
2.5 Break up of water consumption & w/w generation 2-20
2.6 Details of existing stacks 2-24
2.7 Details of proposed stacks 2-24
2.8 Details of hazardous waste generation 2-25
2.9(a) Details of existing effluent treatment plant (ETP) 2-31
2.9(b) Details of proposed effluent treatment plant (ETP) 2-32
2.10 Technical details of MEE 2-33
2.11 Technical specification of ATFD 2-34
2.12 Technical specification of RO 2-35
2.13 Characteristic of untreated & treated effluent of process w/w 2-37
2.14 Details of STP, Design Capacity – 40 KLD 2-38
3.1 Environmental setting of the study area 3-2
3.2 Land use statistics work out based on satellite imaginary 3-4
3.3 Monitoring Methodology of Meteorological Data 3-6
3.4 Meteorological Data for the Monitoring Period 3-6
3.5 Methodology of Ambient Air Monitoring 3-8
3.6 Monitored Parameters and Frequency of Sampling 3-8
3.7 Sampling locations with source & date of sampling 3-12
3.8 Monitoring Methodology of Noise 3-15
3.9 Location of soil sampling 3-16
3.10 Methodology of Soil Sample analysis 3-17
3.11 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations 3-23
3.12 Ambient Air Quality Status 3-24
3.13 Ambient Air Quality Status (PM10) 3-25
3.14 Ambient Air Quality Status (PM2.5) 3-26
3.15 Ambient Air Quality Status (SO2) 3-27
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) XI
3.16 Ambient Air Quality Status (NOx) 3-28
3.17 Ambient Air Quality Status (VOCs, HC (methane & non-
methane), CO, NH3, HCl & Cl2)
3-29
3.18 National Ambient Air Quality Standards 3-30
3.19 Results of Ground water Quality in the Study Area 3-31
3.20 Surface water analysis of the Study Area 3-32
3.21 Indian Standard Specification for Drinking Water 3-33
3.22 Ambient Noise Levels in the Study Area 3-34
3.23 Ambient Air Quality Standards with respect to Noise 3-34
3.24 Soil Analysis of Study area 3-35
3.25 Floral Diversity 3-36
3.26 Faunal Biodiversity 3-39
3.27 Traffic Survey 3-41
3.28 Land Use Pattern 3-42
3.29 Summary of Socio-Economic Status (Demography) 3-43
3.30 Summary of Socio-Economic Status (Amenities) 3-45
4.1 Input data for air quality modeling 4-14
4.2 Cumulative Concentrations at various locations 4-15
4.3 The 24-hourly average GLC Concentration Values for SPM 4-16
4.4 The 24-hourly average GLC Concentration Values for SO2 4-17
4.5 The 24-hourly average GLC Concentration Values for NOx 4-18
4.6 The 24-hourly average GLC Concentration Values for NH3 4-19
4.7 The 24-hourly average GLC Concentration Values for HCl 4-20
4.8 The 24-hourly average GLC Concentration Values for Cl2 4-21
6.1 Environment Monitoring Plan 6-4
7.1 Bulk Hazardous Materials storage 7-4
7.2 Properties of haz. - Raw materials (stored in Bulk) 7-4
7.3 Hazard analysis-Raw materials (stored in Bulk) 7-6
7.4 Risk Classification 7-8
7.5 Effects due to Incident Radiation intensity 7-9
7.6 Thermal Radiation Impact to human 7-10
7.7 Tolerable Intensities for various objects 7-10
7.8 Damage due to overpressure 7-11
7.9 Different failure scenarios 7-12
7.10 Hazards scenario impact 7-15
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) XII
7.11 Summary of Public Hearing issues and time bound
action plan with Budgetary Provision
7-39
7.12 Points raised during public hearing and Time Bound Action Plan
and Budgetary provision
7-40
7.13 Detailed expenditure break-up for CER activities 7-59
10.1 Environment Monitoring Plan 10-12
10.2 Budget Allocation for Environment Management 10-13
10.3 Budgetary Provisions for the Social Upliftment 10-18
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) XIII
List of Figures
Figure No.
Name Page No.
2.1 Location of the project site 2-3
2.2 Google map of 10 km radius 2-4
2.3 Image showing boundaries coordinates of the site 2-4
2.4 Plant layout 2-6
2.5 Water Balance Diagram (Total after expansion) 2-21
2.6 Process flow chart of Proposed ETP 2-36
3.1 Land use map 3-4
3.2 Graphical representation of ambient air quality 3-24
3.3 Graphical representation for PM10 3-25
3.4 Graphical representation for PM2.5 3-26
3.5 Graphical representation for SO2 3-27
3.6 Graphical representation for NOx 3-28
3.7 Location of AAQM station 3-50
3.8 Wind Rose Diagram 3-51
3.9 Water sampling Locations 3-52
3.10 Noise monitoring Locations 3-53
3.11 Soil Sampling Locations 3-54
3.12 Topo sheet of location with site location map of 10 km radius
(1:25,000 scale)
3-55
3.13 Topo sheet of location with site location map of 10 km radius
(1:50,000 scale)
3-56
4.1 Isopleths for Ground Level Concentration for SPM 4-22
4.2 Isopleths for Ground Level Concentration for SO2 4-23
4.3 Isopleths for Ground Level Concentration for NOx 4-24
4.4 Isopleths for Ground Level Concentration for NH3 4-25
4.5 Isopleths for Ground Level Concentration for HCl 4-26
4.6 Isopleths for Ground Level Concentration for Cl2 4-27
7.1 Chlorine Tonner leak Toxic Impact 7-14
7.2 Hydrochloric Acid (35%) evaporating Puddle Toxic impact 7-14
7.3 Xylene tank BLEVE Impact 7-14
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) XIV
List of Annexures
Annexure Name Page No.
I. NABET/QCI Certificate A-1
II. Copy of Amendment of Name Change and CC&A obtained before publication of EIA Notification, 2006
A-3
III. Copy of Valid CC&A A-10
IV. CGWA application A-17
V. Photographs of the Site A-23
VI. Land Possession Documents A-28
VII. TSDF Membership Certificate A-30
VIII. CETP Membership Certificate A-33
IX. Health Records A-35
X. Undertaking from Consultant A-37
XI. Undertaking from PP A-39
XII. Public Hearing Proceedings A-41
XIII. Material Safety Data Sheet of Chemicals A-334
XIV. Copy of Terms of Reference (TOR) A-423
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Chapter-1
Introduction
1.1 PREFACE
An Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is an assessment of the
possible impacts that a proposed project may have on the environment -
consisting of the environmental, social and economic aspects. It is an
assessment and management tool that evaluates the possible impacts,
positive or negative, that a proposed project may have on the
environment. EIA systematically examines both beneficial and adverse
consequences of the project and ensures that these effects are taken into
account during project design. The purpose of the assessment is to
ensure that decision makers consider the ensuing environmental impacts
when deciding to proceed with a project. In India, Ministry of
Environment and Forests has defined elaborated “Environmental
Clearance (EC)” framework along with requirements for preparing
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) under the Environmental
(Protection) Act, 1986 (Environmental Impact Assessment Notification,
2006) for establishing/expanding and industry/development projects.
1.2 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT
Industrialization and infrastructure development have increased economic
growth and improved living standards of people in India. However,
development has led to rapid consumption of natural resources and
increased emissions of waste. To control the pollutions from industrial
activity, government has framed regulations which are governed by
Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change in India. Environment
Impact analysis is mandatory as per the Environment Impact Assessment
(EIA) Notification issued by Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate
Change (MoEF&CC), New Delhi dated 14th September, 2006 and its
subsequent amendment; for setting up a new projects or activities, or
expansion or modernization of existing projects or activities based on
their potential environmental impacts as indicated in the Schedule to the
notification, being undertaken in any part of India, unless prior
environmental clearance has been accorded.
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 1-2
Proposed activity of Choksi Colours Private Limited. falls under the
5(f) schedule “Synthetic Organic Chemical Industries (dyes & dye
intermediates; bulk drugs and intermediates excluding drug formulations;
synthetic rubbers; basic organic chemicals, other synthetic organic
chemicals and chemical intermediates)” of EIA Notification, 2006 and
categorized under “A”. Therefore, unit requires Environmental
Clearance before expansion of project. The present report is based on the
Terms of Reference (TOR) No. J-11011/179/2017-IA-II(I) issued on
26/07/2017 by the Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change
(MoEF&CC), New Delhi.
EIA Consultant
In view of the above, legal aspect and monitoring work has been carried
out for all the environmental attributes by M/s. San Envirotech Pvt.
Ltd. (SEPL), Ahmedabad. SEPL is accredited as Category-A
organization under the QCI-NABET Scheme for accreditation of EIA
consultant Organizations: Version 3 for preparing EIA-EMP reports in 10
sectors (Annexure-I; Certificate No. NABET/EIA/1619/RA0084).
The public hearing was conducted by GPCB on 02/11/2018 on the basis
of the draft EIA/EMP incorporating the Terms of References. Minutes of
Meeting of Public Hearing is attached as Annexure-XII.
1.3 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT & PROJECT PROPONENT
Choksi Colors began their journey in year 1984 and currently after two
and half decade, they are one of the largest manufacturers and exporters
of Organic Pigments from India. Choksi Colors have multi located
production facilities spread over 50000 Sq. Yards operated by highly
experienced and qualified professionals under the leadership of Mr. Pradip
Choksi. The market CPC based pigments for printing inks, paints and
plastics is increasing very fast in the domestic as well as in the
international market. M/s. Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) proposes to
expand manufacturing of CPC Blue crude with the manufacturing of new
products of pigments at Survey No. 85/B, ECP Canal Road, AT & P
Karakhadi, Tal-Padra, Dist: Vadodara, Gujarat. Key factors taken into
consideration for proposed expansion at the present location are,
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 1-3
Availability of adequate land for proposed expansion activities,
Nearest city Vadodara is 23 km away from the location, having
connectivity with other parts of the country by road, rail & air,
The site is well connected with State Highway and National Highway,
Availability of good communication and transportation facilities,
Easy availability of skilled and unskilled labour for construction of
plant and its operation,
Availability of other essential facilities like medical facilities, fuel,
water, power, raw materials, etc.,
No National park or wildlife Habitats falls within 10 km radial distance
from the project site.
1.4 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT
Salient features of the project and list of products are given in Table 1.1
and Table 1.2, respectively.
Table 1.1 Salient Features of the Project
Name of the Project M/s. Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit II)
Existing production capacity 100 MTPM
Proposed addition of
production capacity
1300 MTPM
Production capacity after
proposed expansion
1400 MTPM
Expansion project cost Rs. 28 crores
Manpower requirement About 100 persons
(existing 35; proposed 65)
Location
Plot/ Survey No. Survey No. 85/B
Village ECP Canal Road, AT & P Karakhadi
Tehsil Padra
District Vadodara
State Gujarat
Area 17165 m2
Latitude 22°12'11.18"N
Longitude 72°55'10.88"E
Nearest
Railway Station Kural Railway Station, about 7.5 km
Air Port Vadodara Airport, about 40 km
Town Padra, about 20 km
City Vadodara, about 40 km
National Park/Wildlife Sanctuary None, within 10 km radius
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 1-4
Table: 1.2 List of products with its capacity
Sr. No.
List of Products Existing capacity
in MT/ Month
Proposed addition
in MT/ Month
Total Capacity
in MT/ Month
1. CPC Blue Crude 100 500 600
2. Pigment Alpha Blue 00 200 200
3. Pigment Beta Blue 00 250 250
4. Activated Crude Blue 00 250 250
5. Pigment Green – 7 00 100 100
Total 100 1300 1400
1.5 REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
The proposed expansion project will abide and function under the purview
of the following Rules, Acts & Regulations which are formulated by the
Govt. of India to protect the environment and development in a
sustainable way.
The Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
The Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
The Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986
Environmental Impact Assessment Notification dated 14th September
2006 and subsequent amendments
The Hazardous & Other Waste (Management and Transboundary
Movement) Rules, 2016
Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 and its
amendments
The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of the EIA study is based on the guideline provided by
MoEF&CC, Government of India for structure of Environmental Impact
Assessment document. The scope of the study broadly includes:
Field sampling of environmental attributes at various representative
locations in the study area to establish the baseline status,
Collection & compilation of secondary data including socio-economic
data,
Identification, assessment and evaluation of the beneficial and adverse
impacts on surrounding environment due to proposed project activities
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 1-5
considering the existing baseline status along with compilation of other
information,
Analysis of project proposal and data analysis,
Assessment of pollution potential due to proposed project,
Prediction of the incremental levels of pollutants in the study area,
Evaluation of the predicted impacts on various environmental
attributes by using scientifically developed and widely accepted
models,
Identification and assessment of risks associated with the proposed
project and their appropriate management through proper Risk
Assessment (RA) and Disaster Management Plan (DMP), and
Environmental Management Plan (EMP), and
Identification of critical environmental attributes required to be
monitored during the project execution and post project.
The scope also includes all the conditions outlined in the TOR issued by
MoEF&CC and the compliance to the TOR is given below.
1.7 COMPLIANCE TO TERMS OF REFERENCE
Based on the documents submitted and presentation before 24th Expert
Appraisal Committee (Industry-2) Meeting held during 14th–16th June,
2017; Terms of Reference (TOR) was issued by MoEF&CC, dated
26/07/2017, vide TORs letter No. J-11011/179/2017-IA-II(I).
Compliance of TORs is as below:
Sr.
No.
TOR Condition Compliance
Additional TOR
i. Public consultation shall be done as per
provisions of the EIA Notification, 2006.
The public hearing was conducted
by GPCB on 02/11/2018 on the
basis of the draft EIA/EMP
incorporating the Terms of
References. Public Hearing
Proceedings is attached as
Annexure-XII.
ii. A plan for installation of zero liquid discharge
system to be submitted.
It is prescribed in Sec. 2.11.1
(Page No. 2-26) of Chapter-2.
iii. Commitment to use Briquettes/low Sulfur
(0.5%) coal as boiler fuel.
The unit commits to use
Briquettes/low Sulfur (0.5%) coal
as boiler fuel.
iv. Layout plan earmarking 10m peripheral
greenbelt with perennial trees to be
The unit will add to and dense
existing greenbelt area to 5665
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 1-6
submitted. 33% area of the total project
cover area will be developed as green area
with perennial tree plantation.
m2, which will tune around 33% of
the project area. Additionally, the
unit will develop the greenbelt in
areas available outside the plant.
Green Belt Development plan is
covered in Chapter 10, Section
10.3.5 (Page no 10-7).
v CGWA permission of withdrawal of ground
water to be submitted.
The unit has already applied for
CGWA permission of withdrawal of
ground water; Attached as
Annexure-IV.
vi Certified compliance report from concerned
Regional Office of the Ministry for existing
EC, if any.
Not applicable, as no existing EC.
Unit is established before EIA
Notification, 2006 hence not
obtained EC. Consent to Operate
prior to EIA Notification 2006 is
attached as Annexure-II.
Valid consent is attached as
Annexure-III.
5(f) Standard Terms of Reference for Conducting Environment Impact
Assessment Study for Synthetic Organic Chemicals Industry (Dyes & Dye
Intermediates; Bulk Drugs and Intermediates Excluding Drug Formulations;
Synthetic Rubbers; Basic Organic Chemicals, Other Synthetic Organic Chemicals
and Chemical Intermediates) and Information to be Included in EIA/EMP
Report
A. Standard Terms of Reference
1. Executive Summary Enclosed as Chapter-11.
2. Introduction
i. Details of the EIA Consultant including
NABET accreditation
Details of EIA consultant is given
in Chapter-12 „Disclosure of Consultant engaged‟. NABET accreditation certificate is
enclosed as Annexure-I.
ii. Information about the project proponent It is described in Chapter-1, Section 1.3 (Page no. 1-2).
iii. Importance and benefits of the project It is described in Chapter-8 of EIA report.
3. Project Description
i. Cost of the project and time of completion It is described in Chapter-2, Section 2.1 (Page no. 2-1).
ii. Products with the capacities for the proposed
project
It is described in Chapter-2, Section 2.4.2 (Page no. 2-7).
iii. If the expansion project, details of existing
products with capacities and whether
adequate land is available for expansion,
reference of earlier EC if any.
It is described in Chapter-2, Section 2.4.2 (Page no. 2-7).
Yes, adequate land is available for expansion. Refer Table 2.1, (Page no. 2-5) for land breakup.
Unit is established before EIA Notification, 2006 hence not obtained EC (Annexure-II).
iv. List of raw materials required and their It is described in Chapter-2,
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 1-7
source along with mode of transportation. Section 2.9(a) (Page no. 2-18).
v. Other chemicals and materials required with
quantities and storage capacities.
Raw material requirement is
shown in Chapter 2, Section 2.9(a) (Page no. 2-17); and storage capacities are shown in Chapter 7,
Table 7.1 (Page no. 7-4).
vi. Details of Emissions, effluent, hazardous
waste generation and their management.
It is described in Chapter-2, Section 2.10 & 2.11 (Page no. 2-23).
vii. Requirement of water, power, with source of
supply, status of approval, water balance
diagram, man-power requirement(regular &
contract)
It is described in Chapter-2,
Section 2.9 (Page no. 2-18).
viii. Process description along with major
equipment and machineries, process flow
sheet (quantities) from raw material to
products to be provided
Process description, process flow sheet (quantities) from raw
material to products is described in Chapter-2, Section 2.7 (Page no. 2-9).
Equipment and machineries requirement is mentioned in Section 2.6 (Page no. 2-8).
ix. Hazard identification and details of proposed
safety system
Hazard identification is described in Chapter-7, Section 7.2 (Page
no. 7-1); details of proposed safety system are covered in Section 7.16 (Page no. 7-20).
x. Expansion/modernization proposals
a. Copy of all Environmental Clearance(s)
including Amendments thereto obtained for
the project from MOEF/SEIAA shall be
attached as an Annexure. A certified copy of
the latest Monitoring Report of the Regional
Office of the Ministry of Environment &
Forest as per circular dated 30th May, 2012
on the status of compliance of conditions
stipulated in all the existing environmental
clearances including Amendments shall be
provided. In addition, status of compliance of
Consent to Operate for the ongoing/existing
operation of the project from SPCB shall be
attached with the EIA-EMP report.
Unit is established before EIA
Notification, 2006 hence not
obtained EC. Consent to Operate
prior to EIA Notification 2006 is
attached as Annexure-II.
Valid consent is attached as
Annexure-III.
b. In case of existing project has not obtained
environmental clearance, reasons for not
taking EC under the provision of the EIA
Notification 1994 and/or EIA Notification
1006 shall be provided. Copies of Consent to
Establish/No Objection Certificate and
Consent to Operate(in case of units
operating prior to EIA Notification 2006, CTE
and CTO of FY 2005-2006) obtained from the
SPCB shall be submitted. Further,
compliance report to the conditions of
Unit is established before EIA
Notification, 2006 hence not
obtained EC. Consent to Operate
prior to EIA Notification 2006 is
attached as Annexure-II.
Valid consent is attached as
Annexure-III.
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 1-8
consents from the SPCB shall be submitted.
4. Site Details
i. Location of the project site covering village,
Taluka/Tehsil, District and State, Justification
for selecting the site, whether other sites
were considered.
Location of the project site
covering village, Taluka/Tehsil,
District and State is provided in
Chapter 1, Table 1.1 (Page no. 1-
3); Chapter 2, Figure 2.1 to 2.3
(Page 2-3)
Justification for selecting the site is
covered in Chapter 1, Section 1.3
(Page 1-4); and Chapter 5, Section
5.2 (Page 5-1).
ii. A toposheet of the study area of radius of 10
km and site location on 1:50,000/1:25,000
scale on an A3/A2 sheet. (including all eco-
sensitive areas and environmentally sensitive
places)
Included in Chapter 3, Figure 3.12
& 3.13 (Page no. 3-55).
iii. Details w.r.t option analysis for selection of
site
Analysis for selection of site is covered in Chapter 5, Section 5.2 (Page 5-1).
iv. Co-ordinates (lat-long) of all four corners of
the site.
Included in Chapter 2, Figure 2.3 (Page 2-4).
v. Google map-Earth downloaded of the project
site
Included in Chapter 2, Figure 2.2 &
2.3 (Page 2-4).
vi. Layout maps including existing unit as well
as proposed unit indicating storage area,
plant area, greenbelt area, utilities, etc. If
located within the industrial
area/Estate/Complex, Layout of Industrial
area indicating location of unit within the
Industrial area/estate.
Included in Chapter 2, Figure 2.4
(Page 2-6).
vii. Photographs of the proposed and existing (if
applicable) plant site. If existing, show
photographs of plantation/greenbelt, in
particular.
Photographs of the plant site are
attached as Annexure-V.
viii. Land use breakup of total land of the project
site (identified & acquired),
government/private- agricultural, forest,
wasteland, water bodies, settlements, etc.
shall be included. (Not required for industrial
area).
Land use breakup is included in
Chapter 2, Table 2.1 (Page 2-5).
ix. A list of major industries with name and type
within study area (10km radius) shall be
incorporated. Land use details of the study
area.
A list of major industries is included in Chapter 1, Section 1.8 (Page 1-15); Land use details of
the study area are included in Chapter 3, Section 3.6 (Page 3-4).
x. Geological features and Geo-hydrological
status of the study area shall be included.
Geological features and Geo-hydrological status of the study
area is included in Chapter 3, Section 3.9 (Page 3-9).
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 1-9
xi. Details of the Drainage of the project up to 5
km radius of study area. If the site is within
1 km of any major river, peak and lean
season river discharge as well as flood
occurrence frequency based on peak rainfall
data of past 30 years. Details of Flood level
of the project site and maximum Flood level
of the river shall also be provided. (mega
green field project)
Site is not within 1 km of any
major river.
xii. Status of acquisition of land. If acquisition is
not complete, stage of the acquisition
process and expected time of complete
possession of land.
Attached as Annexure-VI.
xiii. R&R details in respect of land in line with
state Government policy.
No R&R is involved.
5. Forest & wildlife related issues (if applicable)
i. Permission and approval for the use of forest
land (forestry clearance), if any, and
recommendations of the State Forest
Department. (if applicable)
Not applicable.
(Site is not located within 10 km of the National Parks, Sanctuaries,
Biosphere reserves, Migratory Corridors of Wild Animals; and project does not involve forest
land. Additionally, none of the species of
conservation importance exists in the study area and no endangered species were found in the study
area)
ii. Landuse map based on high resolution
satellite imagery (GPS) of the proposed site
delineating the forestland (in case of projects
involving forest land more than 40 ha)
iii. Status of Application submitted for obtaining
the stage I forestry clearance along with
latest status shall be submitted.
iv. The projects to be located within 10 km of
the National Parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere
reserves, Migratory Corridors of Wild
Animals, the project proponent shall submit
the map duly authenticated by Chief Wildlife
Warden showing these features vis-à-vis the
project location and the recommendations or
comments of Chief Wildlife Warden- thereon.
v. Wildlife Conservation Plan duly authenticated
by the Chief Wildlife Warden of the State
Government for conservation of Schedule I
fauna, if any exists in the study area.
vi. Copy of application submitted for clearance
under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, to
the Standing Committee of the National
Board for Wildlife.
6. Environmental Status
i. Determination of atmospheric inversion level
at the project site and site-specific micro-
meteorological data using, temperature,
relative humidity, hourly wind speed and
direction and rainfall
Briefly covered in Chapter 3, Section 3.7 (Page 3-5).
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 1-10
ii. AAQ data (except monsoon) at 8 locations
for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx, CO and other
parameters relevant to the project shall be
collected. The monitoring stations shall be
based CPCB guidelines and take into account
the pre-dominant wind direction, population
zone and sensitive receptors including
reserved forests.
Briefly covered in Chapter 3,
Section 3.8 (Page 3-7).
The monitoring locations (relative
directions and distances) are given
in Table 3.11 (Page 3-23) & shown
in Figure 3.7 (Page 3-50) and
results are given in Table 3.12 to
3.17 (Page 3-24).
iii. Raw data of all AAQ measurement for 12
weeks of all stations as per frequency given
in the NAAQM Notification of Nov. 2009 along
with – min., max., average and 98% values
for each of the AAQ parameters from data of
all AAQ stations should be provided as an
annexure to the EIA report.
Briefly covered in Chapter 3, Table
3.12 to 3.17 (Page 3-24).
iv. Surface water quality of nearby River (100
upstream and downstream of discharge
point) and other surface drains at eight
locations as per CPCB/MoEF&CC guidelines.
Unit is not within 1 km of any major river, and do not discharge
in surface water. Results of groundwater and surface water monitoring are
covered in Chapter 3, Table 3.20 (Page no. 3-32).
v. Whether the site falls near to polluted stretch
of the river identified by the CPCB/MoEF&CC,
if yes give details.
No, the site doesn‟t falls near to polluted stretch of the river
identified by CPCB/MoEF&CC.
vi. Ground water monitoring at minimum at 8
locations shall be included
Briefly covered in Chapter 3, Table
3.19 (Page no. 3-31).
vii. Noise levels monitoring at 8 locations within
the study area.
Briefly covered in Chapter 3, Table
3.22 (Page no. 3-34).
viii. Soil Characteristics as per CPCB guidelines. Briefly covered in Chapter 3, Table
3.24 (Page no. 3-35).
ix. Traffic study of the area, type of vehicles,
frequency of vehicles for transportation of
materials, additional traffic due to proposed
project, parking arrangement, etc.
Briefly covered in Chapter 3, Table 3.27 (Page no. 3-41).
x. Detailed description of flora and fauna
(terrestrial & aquatic) existing in the study
area shall be given with special reference to
rare, endemic and endangered species. If
Schedule I fauna are found within the study
area, a Wildlife Conservation Plan shall be
prepared and furnished.
Briefly covered in Chapter 3, Table
3.25 & 3.26 (Page no. 3-36). There is no rare, endemic & endangered species found in study
area.
xi. Socio-economic status of the study area. Briefly covered in Chapter 3, Table 3.29 & 3.30 (Page no. 3-43).
7. Impact and Environment Management Plan
i. Assessment of ground level concentration of
pollutant from the stack emission based on
the site specific meteorological features. In
case the project is located on the hilly
terrain, the AQIP Modeling shall be done
Assessment of ground level concentration of pollutant from the
stack emission superimposed on geographical area map based on the site specific meteorological
features is covered in Chapter 4,
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 1-11
using inputs of the specific terrain
characteristics for determining the potential
impacts of the project on the AAQ.
Cumulative impact of all sources of
emissions (including transportation) on the
AAQ of the area shall be assessed. Details of
the model used in the input data used for
modeling shall also be provided. The air
quality contours shall be plotted on a
location map showing the location of project
site, habitation nearby, sensitive receptors, if
any.
Figure 4.1 to 4.6 (Page no. 4-22). The modeling approach is briefly
covered in Chapter 4, Section
4.4.1 (Page no. 4-4).
Input parameters used for
modeling are provided in Table 4.1
(Page no. 4-14), additional inputs
- maximum 50 (24-hr) average
concentration values for SPM, SO2,
NOx, HCl, Cl2 & NH3 are given in
Table 4.3 to 4.8 (Page no. 4-16).
Cumulative impact of all sources of
emissions on AAQ of the area is
given in Table 4.2 (Page No. 4-
15).
ii. Water Quality modeling – in case of
discharge in water body
Unit is not disposing w/w in water body so this point is not applicable.
iii. Impact of the transport of raw material and
the end products on the surrounding
environment shall be assessed and provided.
In this regard, options for transport of raw
materials and finished products and wastes
(large quantities) by rail or rail-cum road
transport of conveyor-cum- rail transport
shall be examined.
Traffic study is provided in Chapter 3, Table 3.27 (Page No. 3-41). The
impact of the transport of raw material and the end products on the surrounding environment will
be insignificant, so rail or rail-cum road transport of conveyor-cum-
rail transport is not required at this point.
iv. A note on treatment on wastewater from
different plant operations, extent recycled
and reuse for different purposes shall be
included. Complete scheme of effluent
treatment. Characteristic of untreated and
treated effluent to meet the prescribed
standards of discharge under E(P) Rules.
Treatment on wastewater from different plant operations, extent
recycled and reuse for different purposes is briefly described in Chapter 2, Section 2.11.1 (Page
No. 2-26). Characteristic of untreated and treated effluent is given in Table
2.13, (Page No. 2-37).
v. Details of stack emission and action plan for
control of emissions to meet standards.
Details of stack emission and
action plan for control of emissions
to meet standards are covered in
Chapter 2, Section 2.10.2 (Page
no. 2-23) & 2.11.2 (Page no. 2-
27).
vi. Measures for fugitive emission control. Measures for fugitive emission control are covered in Chapter 2, Section 2.11.2 (Page no. 2-28).
vii. Details of hazardous waste generation and
their storage, utilization and management.
Copies of MOU regarding utilization of solid
and hazardous waste in cement plant shall
also be included. EMP shall be include the
concept of waste-minimization,
recycle/reuse/recover techniques, Energy
Details of hazardous waste
generation and their storage,
utilization and management is
covered in Chapter 2, Section
2.10.3 (Page no. 2-25) & 2.11.3
(Page no. 2-28)
TSDF Membership Certificates are
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 1-12
conservation and natural resource
conservation.
attached in Annexure VII.
Concepts of resource & energy
conservation and cleaner
production are covered in Chapter
10, Section 10.7 & 10.8 (Page no.
10-16).
viii. Proper utilization of fly ash shall be ensured
as per Fly Ash Notification, 2009. A detailed
plan of action shall be provided.
Plan for fly ash utilization is
covered in Chapter 2, Section
2.11.3 (Page no. 2-28).
ix. Action plan for the greenbelt development
plan in 33% area i.e. land with not less than
1,500 tree per ha. Giving details of species,
width of plantation, planning schedule etc.
shall be included. The green belt shall be
around the project boundary and a scheme
for greening of the roads used for the project
shall also be incorporated.
Action plan for the greenbelt
development covering all points is briefly mentioned in Chapter 10, Section 10.3.5 (Page no. 10-7).
x. Action plan for rainwater harvesting
measures at plant site shall be submitted to
harvest rainwater from the rooftops and
storm water drains to recharge the ground
water and also to use for the various
activities at the project site to conserve fresh
water and reduce the water requirement
from other sources.
Unit (being a pigment manufacturing unit) proposes to
develop rain water harvesting structures outside the factory premises to avoid any ground
water contamination.
xi. Total capital cost and recurring cost/annum
for environmental pollution control measures
shall be included.
Total capital cost and recurring
cost/annum for environmental
pollution control measures is
included in Chapter 10, Section
10.5 (Page no. 10-13).
xii. Action plan for post-project environmental
monitoring shall be submitted.
Action plan for post-project
environmental monitoring is
included in Chapter 10, Section
10.4 (Page no. 10-11).
xiii. Onsite and offsite Disaster (natural and man-
made) Preparedness and Emergency
Management Plan including Risk Assessment
and damage control. Disaster management
plan should be linked with District Disaster
Management Plan.
Onsite and offsite Disaster Preparedness and Emergency Management Plan is included in
Chapter 7, Section 7.19 (Page no 7-26) & 7.24 (Page no 7-36).
8. Occupational Health
i. Plan and fund allocation to ensure the
occupational health & safety of all contract &
casual workers.
Occupational health & safety plan
is given in Chapter 10, Section
10.3.6 (Page no. 10-9); and
Chapter 7, Section 7.14 (Page no.
7-16).
Fund allocation is mentioned in
Chapter 10, Section 10.5 (Page no.
10-13).
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 1-13
ii. Details of exposure specific health status
evaluation of worker. If the workers‟ health
is being evaluated by pre designed format,
chest x ray, Audiometry, Spirometry, Vision
testing (far & Near vision, color vision and
any other ocular defect) ECG, during pre-
placement and periodical examinations give
the details of the same. Details regarding
last month analyzed data of above
mentioned parameters as per age, sex,
duration of exposure and department wise.
Occupational health & safety
programme is covered in Chapter
7, Section 7.14 (Page no. 7-16);
and Chapter 10, Section 10.3.6
(Page no. 10-9).
iii. Details of existing Occupational & Safety
Hazards. What are the exposure levels of the
hazards and whether they are within
Permissible Exposure Level (PEL) If these are
not within PEL, what measures the company
has adopted to keep them within PEL so that
health of workers can be preserved.
Bulk stored chemicals listed under
“List of hazardous and Toxic
Chemicals” category under MSIHC
Rules, 1989 and its subsequent
amendment were identified. They
are mentioned in Table 7.2 & 7.3
(Page no. 7-4).
Acute Exposure Guideline Levels
(AEGLs) and Emergency Response
Planning Guidelines (ERPGs) are
mentioned on Page no. 7-6.
iv. Annual report of health status of workers
with special reference to Occupational Health
& Safety.
Attached as Annexure-IX.
9. Corporate Environment Policy
i. Does the company have a well laid down
Environmental Policy approved by its Board
of Directors? If so, it may be detailed in the
EIA Report.
Company has set up a separate
Environment Management Cell and
the objectives and duties of it are
discussed in Chapter 10, Section
10.6 (Page no 10-14).
ii. Does the Environmental Policy prescribed for
standard operating process/procedures to
bring into focus any infringement/
deviation/violation of the environmental or
forest norms/ conditions? If so, it may be
detailed in EIA
It is discussed in Chapter 10,
Section 10.6.2 (Page no 10-15).
iii. What is the hierarchical system or
Administrative order of the company to deal
with the environmental issues and for
ensuring compliance with the environmental
clearance conditions? Details of the system
may be given.
It is discussed in Chapter 10,
Section 10.6.1 (Page no 10-14).
iv. Does the company have system of reporting
of non-compliance/violations of
environmental norms to the Board of
Directors of the company and/or
shareholders or stakeholders at large? This
reporting mechanism shall be detailed in the
It is discussed in Chapter 10,
Section 10.6.2 (Page no 10-15).
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 1-14
EIA Report.
10. Details regarding infrastructure facilities such
as sanitation, fuel, restroom, etc. to be
provided to the labor force during
construction as well as to the casual workers
including truck drivers during operation
phase.
It is discussed in Chapter 10,
Section 10.2.2 (Page no 10-2) and
10.2.4 (Page no 10-2).
11. Enterprise Social Committee (ESC)
i. Adequate funds (at least 2.5% of the project
cost) shall be earmarked towards the
Enterprise Social Commitment based on
Public Hearing issues and item-wise details
along with time bound action plan shall be
included. Socio-economic development
activities need to be elaborated upon.
Detailed Enterprise Social
Commitment based on Public
Hearing issues and item-wise
details along with time bound
action plan is included in Chapter
7, Section E (Page no. 7-39) and
Section F (Page no. 7-57). ESR
plan for 5 years @ 2.5% of the
project cost is included in Chapter
7, Table 7.13 (Page no. 7-59).
Public Hearing Proceedings is
attached as Annexure-XII.
12. Any litigation pending against the project
and/or any direction/order passed by any
Court of Law against the project, if so,
details of thereof shall also be included. Has
the unit received any notice under the
Section 5 of Environment (Protection) Act,
1986 or relevant Sections of Air & Water
Acts? If so, details thereof and
compliance/ATR to the notice(s) and present
status of the case.
No pending litigation against the
project and/or any direction/order
passed by any Court of Law
against the project.
13. A tabular chart with index for point wise
compliance of above TORs.
Done.
B Specific Terms of Reference for EIA Studies for Synthetic Organic
Chemicals Industry (Dyes & Dye Intermediates; Bulk Drugs and
Intermediates Excluding Drug Formulations; Synthetic Rubbers; Basic
Organic Chemicals, Other Synthetic Organic Chemicals and Chemical
Intermediates)
1 Details on solvent to be used, measures for
solvent recovery and for emission control.
Covered in Chapter 10, Section
10.3.1.2 (Page no. 10-4).
2 Details of process emission from the unit and
its arrangement to control.
It is briefly described in Chapter 2,
Section 2.10 (Page no. 2-23) &
2.11 (Page no. 2-26).
3 Ambient air quality data should include VOC,
other-process-specific pollutants* like NH3*,
chlorine*, HCl*, HBr*, H2S*, HF*, etc (*-as
applicable)
Ambient air quality data includes
VOC, HC, and process-specific
pollutants HCl, Cl2, NH3; Included
in Table 3.17 (Page no. 3-29).
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 1-15
4 Work zone monitoring arrangements for
hazardous chemicals.
It is described in Chapter 10,
Section 10.4.1 (Page no. 10-12).
5 Detailed effluent treatment scheme including
segregation of effluent streams for units
adopting „Zero‟ Liquid Discharge
It is described in Chapter 2,
Section 2.11.1 (Page no. 2-26).
6 Action plan for odour control to be submitted It is described in Chapter 10,
Section 10.3.1.3 (Page no. 10-4).
7 A copy of the Memorandum of Understanding
signed with cement manufactures indicating
clearly that they co-process organic
solid/Hazardous waste in TSDF if any.
No generation of high calorific
value waste that can be used for
co-processing. Entire quantity of
hazardous waste will be handled
and disposed as per Hazardous &
Other waste (Management and
Transboundary Movement) Rules,
2016.
8 Authorization/Membership for the disposal of
liquid effluent in CETP and solid/hazardous
waste in TSDF, if any.
Attached as Annexure-VII &
VIII.
9 Action plan for utilization of MEE/dryers
salts.
MEE salts will be sent to TSDF site
approved by GPCB.
10 Material Safety Data Sheet for all the
Chemicals are being used/will be used.
Attached as Annexure-XIII.
11 Authorization/Membership for the disposal of
solid/hazardous waste in TSDF.
Attached as Annexure-VII.
12 Details of incinerator if to be installed Not applicable.
13 Risk assessment for storage and handling of
hazardous chemicals/solvents. Action plan
for handling & safety system to be
incorporated.
Risk assessment for storage and
handling of hazardous chemicals is
covered in Chapter 7, Section 7.3
(Page no. 7-3), Section 7.4 (Page
no. 7-4), Section 7.12 (Page no. 7-
13). Action plan for handling &
safety system is covered in Section
7.16 (Page no. 7-20).
14 Arrangements for ensuring health and safety
of workers engaged in handling of toxic
materials.
It is briefly covered in Section 7.17
(Page no. 7-22).
1.8 DETAILS OF MAJOR INDUSTRIES SURROUNDING THE UNIT (10
km Radius)
Sr.
No.
Name of Industry Type of Industry
1. Ami Lifesciences Pvt. Ltd. Pharmaceutical Company
2. Bodal Chemicals Ltd. Dyes and Chemicals
3. Kiri Industries Ltd. Dyes and Chemicals
4. Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Limited Pharmaceutical Company
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 1-16
1.9 OBJECTIVES OF EIA
The objectives of the present EIA Study are to identify potential source of
pollution, assess the impacts on various environmental components due
to the proposed project activity, and recommend appropriate
environmental management system and environment management plan
for the unit to ensure that the adverse impacts, if any, will be minimized.
1.10 METHODOLOGY FOR EIA
Considering the nature and magnitude of the proposed project,
surrounding area and various guidelines available, an area of 10-km
radius from the center of proposed plant site was considered for the
purpose of environmental impact assessment study. The methodology is
briefly reported below,
Baseline Data Collection
The baseline data for the impact zone have been generated for the
following environmental parameters,
Ambient Air Quality
Micrometeorology
Noise Level
Surface & Ground Water Quality
Soil Quality
Ecology & Biodiversity
Land Use Pattern
Socio-Economics
The baseline status of the above environmental parameters has been
worked out based on the rapid monitoring/analysis carried out during the
study period of October 2017 to December 2017, supplemented by
data collected from various Government Departments, census
publications, etc.
5. Alembic Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Pharmaceutical Company
6. Sterling Biotech Ltd. Pharmaceutical Company
7. Solaris Chemtech Industries Ltd. Bromine Products
8. Quebec Petroleum Resources Ltd. Lubricants Manufacturing
9. Tml Industries Ltd. Acid Chloride Products
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 1-17
Evaluation of Impact from Project Activities
The Environmental Impact resulting from project activities have been
identified, predicted and evaluated based on the study of manufacturing
process and is correlated with existing baseline status.
Preparation of Environmental Management Plan
Environmental Management Plan has been prepared covering pollution
prevention measures at source in terms of air and water pollution control
measures, solid waste/hazardous waste management, safety
management, greenbelt development, and environmental surveillance.
1.11 STRUCTURE OF REPORT
The overall contents of the EIA report is in line with generic structure of
EIA report as per the Appendix III of the EIA Notification, 2006. The
report consists of twelve chapters and the content is briefly described in
this section.
Chapter 1: Introduction
The chapter gives brief outline of the project and its proponent, brief
description nature, size and location of the project, purpose of the EIA
study including the scope of the study, TORs compliance etc. and work
to be covered under each Environmental component.
Chapter 2: Project Description
This chapter includes project details and Infrastructure facilities
including all industrial & environmental aspects of the unit as well as
manufacturing process details. It also gives information about utilities,
raw material, water & wastewater quantitative details, stack details,
hazardous waste generation, storage & disposal facility.
Chapter 3: Description of the Environment
This chapter covers data of existing condition of Valued Environmental
Components like air, water, noise, soil, biological environment and
socio-economic aspects, basic amenities land use pattern. It also gives
details of study area, period of study, component of environment & its
methodology. Various sections of the chapter discuss the existing land
use and drainage pattern, climate and meteorological parameters.
Both primary and secondary data collected for the study are depicted
in this chapter.
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 1-18
Chapter 4: Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation
Measures
This chapter describes the overall impacts of the project activities on
various environmental components. It predicts the overall impact of
the project activities on different components of the environment viz.
Air, Water, Land, Noise, Biological and Socio-Economic and its
mitigation measures.
Chapter 5: Analysis of Alternatives
This chapter gives details of analysis of alternatives in terms of
technology & site.
Chapter 6: Environmental Monitoring Programme
This chapter describes technical aspects of monitoring (including
measurement methodologies, frequency, location and data analysis,
reporting schedules, emergency procedures, detailed budget and
procurement schedules.
Chapter 7: Additional Studies
This chapter describes Risk assessment and on-site, off-site
emergency plan and occupational health & safety programme.
Chapter 8: Project Benefits
This chapter focuses on benefits of project on improvement in physical
infrastructure, social infrastructure & other tangible benefits.
Chapter 9: Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis
Chapter 10: Environmental Management Plan
This chapter describes Environment Management Plan (EMP) to be
adopted for mitigation of anticipated adverse impacts if any and to
ensure acceptable impacts.
Chapter 11: Summary & Conclusion
It gives brief of the EIA Report and chapters there in. It also describes
about overall justification for implementation of the project and
explanation on various mitigation measures.
Chapter 12: Disclosure of Consultants engaged
This chapter describes the name of the consultant engaged with their
brief nature of consultancy activities.
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 2-1
Chapter-2Project Description
2.1 INTRODUCTION
M/s. Choksi Colours Private Limited (Unit-II) is an existing unit located at
Survey No. 85/B, ECP Canal Road, AT & P Karakhadi, Tal-Padra, Dist:
Vadodara, Gujarat. Unit is engaged in manufacturing of CPC Blue Crude
with production capacity of 100 MT/month. Now, unit proposes to expand
production capacity of existing product with addition of new products -
Pigment Alpha Blue, Pigment Beta Blue, Activated Crude Blue, and
Pigment Green–7. After expansion, total production capacity of the unit
will be 1400 MT/month.
Existing cost of the project is Rs. 14.0 crores. Estimated cost for the
proposed expansion is Rs. 28.0 crores. Out of which Rs. 4 crores will
be used for Environmental Management System and Rs. 9.25 crores
as recurring cost per annum. Time of project completion will be about 1-
1.5 year after accordance of the EC.
As per the EIA Notification - 2006, Industry falls under the Project or
Activity - 5(f) - Synthetic organic chemicals industry (dyes & dye
intermediates; bulk drugs and intermediates excluding drug formulations;
synthetic rubbers; basic organic chemicals, other synthetic organic
chemicals and chemical intermediates). Unit has valid CC&A vide order no:
AWH-57990 dated 28/10/13 and valid up to 03/03/2018.
Based on the type of project, following are the expected aspects:
Air Emissions,
Waste water generation,
Noise generation,
Hazardous waste generation, and
Occupational health, hazards & safety risk.
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 2-2
2.2 NEED FOR THE STUDY
The ministry of Environment and Forest (MOEF&CC), Government of India
Issued a notification vide S.O. 1533 dated 14/09/2006 prescribes prior
environmental clearance for various development projects. Synthetic
organic Chemicals (bulk drugs and intermediates excluding drug
formulations) manufacturing unit located outside the notified industrial
area/estate needs to obtain prior environmental clearance while Serial No.
5(f) under category ‘A’. Accordingly, the project proponent obtained the
Terms of Reference J-11011/179/2017-IA-II-(I) dated 26th July 2017.
The present study follows the prescribed TOR’s and the Final EIA report
will be prepared along with the public consultation issues raised and
commitment or responses made by the proponent.
2.3 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT
The project site is located at Survey No. 85/B, ECP Canal Road, AT & P
Karakhadi, Tal-Padra, Dist: Vadodara, Gujarat. Locations of the project,
Google map of 10 km radius and boundary coordinates of the site are
shown in Figure 2.1, Figure 2.2, and Figure 2.3, respectively.
The project site is approachable by Road via Vadodara-Jambusar road
Highway at an aerial distance of 5 Km. Nearest railway station and airport
are Kural Railway Station at about 7.5 km and Vadodara Airport at about
40 km, respectively.
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 2-3
Figure 2.1 Location of the project site
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 2-4
Figure 2.2 Google map of 10 km radius
Figure 2.3 Image showing boundaries coordinates of the site
A 22°12'13.86"N 72°55'9.04"EB 22°12'13.94"N 72°55'13.02"E
C 22°12'10.07"N 72°55'13.01"ED 22°12'9.92"N 72°55'9.09"E
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 2-5
2.4 SIZE OR MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION
2.4.1 Land Breakup & Project Site Layout
Existing land area is 17165 m2 and proposed expansion will be carried out
in the existing premises. Greenbelt will be developed in around 5665 m2,
which tunes around 33% of the project area. The detailed existing and
proposed land break up is given below in Table 2.1, whereas the site
layout map is given in the Figure 2.4.
Table 2.1 Land break up
Sr.No.
Particular Area (m2)Existing Proposed
1 Technical plant 1344 26022 Utilities 275 6883 Laboratory & office 105 1054 Storage (RM & Finished Products) 304 7235 Solvent storage yard 37 3656 ETP 266 3867 Security area and rest room 71 718 Parking area 360 4009 Green belt 3200 566510 Internal Road 1485 256511 Non-utilized area 7852 130812 Other Miscellaneous facility 1866 2287
Total 17165 17165
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 2-6
Figure 2.4 Plant Layout
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 2-7
2.4.2 Project Magnitude
Current and proposed addition of the production capacity is given below:
Table 2.2: List of products and By-products with its capacity
Sr.No.
List of Products ExistingcapacityMTPM
ProposedadditionMTPM
TotalCapacity
MTPM1. CPC Blue Crude 100 500 6002. Pigment Alpha Blue 00 200 2003. Pigment Beta Blue 00 250 2504. Activated Crude Blue 00 250 2505. Pigment Green – 7 00 100 100
Total 100 1300 1400
2.5 PROPOSED SCHEDULE FOR APPROVAL AND IMPLEMENTATION
Specifics Applied underthe Act
Specifics forapproval or legal
procedure
RelatedrecentStatus
Implementation
EC forExpansionof Project
UnderEnvironmentProtection Act,1986
EnvironmentClearance for theexpansion projectfrom MoEFCC as perthe guideline of EIANotification-2006 &amended time totime.
SubmittedForm-I, TORpresentation,TORs awardedon 26.07.2017
Project will expandafter obtaining ECfrom MoEFCC.
Operationof theExpansionProject
Under Air, Water,Hazardous Waste& Environment(Protection) Act,1986
CTE & CTO/CCA fromGPCB.
Will apply forCTE/CCA toGPCB.
After obtainingCC&A.
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 2-8
2.6 INFRASTRUCTURAL FACILITIES (Plant equipment/Machineries/
Utilities)
The list of existing and proposed plant equipments/machineries/utilities is
given below in Table 2.3
Table 2.3 List of plant equipments/machineries/Utilities
Sr.No.
Name ofequipment/machineries
Nos. Capacity Status
1. Glass vessel 4 10KL Existing2. MS reactors 2 10KL Existing3. Dumping vessel 2 12.5 KL Existing4. Filter press 2 48” x 48” x 51 plats Existing5. Pigment vessels 2 15KL Existing6. Heat exchangers 2 60 M2 Existing7. Receivers 3 10KL Existing8. MS tank 4 20 KL Existing9. Glass vessel 4 20 KL Proposed10. MS reactors 4 20 KL Proposed11. Dumping vessel 5 10 KL Proposed12. Filter press 6 48” x 48” x 51 plats Proposed13. Pigment vessels 2 15KL Proposed14. Heat exchangers 4 100 M2 Proposed15. Receivers 4 15KL Proposed16. MS tank 6 20 KL ProposedUtility1. Steam Boiler 1 2.0 TPH Existing
1 5.0 TPH Proposed2. Hot Air Generator 1 3.0 lakhs kcal/hr. Existing
1 20 lakhs kcal/hr. Proposed3. D. G. Set 1 300 kVA Existing4. Thermic Fluid Heater 1 6.5 Lakhs Kcal/hr. Existing
1 15 Lakhs Kcal/hr. Proposed5. Spin Flash Dryer 4 - Proposed6. RO 6 10 KL/hr. Proposed7. MEE 1 10000 Kgs/hr Proposed8. ATFD 1 1000 Kgs/hr Proposed
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 2-9
2.7 DESCRIPTION OF MANUFACTURING PROCESS
The manufacturing process, chemical reactions & mass balance of each
product are mentioned below,
1. CPC Blue Crude:
Manufacturing Process:
Charge required quantity of Phthalic Anhydride, Urea in a Glass Vessel,
which is already having a solvent at desire temperature.
Heat the content to higher temperature and then add catalyst and
Cuprous Chloride to it.
Raise the temperature of the reaction mass at desire temperature and
maintain this temperature for 6/8 hours.
Generated Ammonium Carbonate from scrubber is recycled in same or
next cycle of CPC production.
After reaction is over, draw the sample and check for complete
conversion of Phthalic Anhydride to CPC Blue Crude.
Discharge the batch into Horizontal Rotary Vacuum Dryer (HRVD) and
remove the solvent under vacuum. After complete removal of solvent
and transfer the material to treatment tank.
First give acid treatment by addition spent sulfuric acid generated from
Alpha Blue production with live steam to remove impurity.
Filter the mass and give alkali treatment to wet cake by adding Caustic,
water and live steam.
After requisite treatment to CPC Blue Crude, filter it through PP Filter
Press.
Dry the material using Spin Flash Dryer (SFD) and collect the dried
powder in bags and send it to Godown.
Chemical Reaction:
4C8H4O3+2CO (NH2)2. 130°C ~ 140°C 4C8 NO2H5 + 2CO2 + 2H2OPhthalamide Eq.-I
140°C~170°C4C8 NO2H5+8CO(NH2)2. 4C8 H7NO2+2CO2+2H2O
Di-Amino Phthalamide180°C~190°C Eq.–II
4C8H7N3+CuCl C32H16N8Cu+NH4Cl+1/6N2+2/3 NH3Ammonium Molybdate CPC Blue Equ - III
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Mass Balance
INPUT Kgs Kgs OUTPUT
Water 433 1430 Ammonium carbonate
997 NH3, CO2,H2O, N2
Ammonium carbonate 1430Solvent 3250PA 1000Urea 940CuCl 180Al. Moly. 3
3200 Solvent Recovery
Spent Acid from alphablue 3750 6160 ML MEEWater from Alpha Prd. 14000 16800 Waste WaterSteam 1750
Cuastic 100Water from Alpha Prd. 1800Steam 1750
3600 ML MEEWater 6500 3600 Waste Water
1096 Evaporation loss1000 Final Product
Total 36886 36886
SFD
Mass balance of CPC Blue Crude
RVD
Acid Treatment
Filter Press
Scrubber
Glass Vessel
Alkali Treatment
(Note: In the existing operation, the unit uses fresh sulphuric acid for the CPCBlue production, as there is no source of spent acid generation in currentoperation.
After expansion, unit proposes to manufacture Alpha Blue, which will generatespent sulfuric acid with impurity of CPC Blue only. So this spent acid generatedwill be used in the manufacturing of CPC without any adverse effect on productquality. Such reuse will lead to resource conservation and reduction in wastegeneration.)
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2. Pigment Alpha Blue
Manufacturing Process
Blue Crude is grind in a Ball Mill or a Swing Mill.
The grind material is dissolved in Sulphuric Acid in a glass line rector
under cooling.
The dissolved material is dumped into cold water in FRP drowning
vessel where the pigment particle gets separated.
The material is filtered, washed and the cake is transferred to another
vessel for treatment.
In this treatment, water is taken and the wet cake is added. Additives
are added according to the product quality desired. Caustic is also
added to bring pH more than 9. The material is heated to a certain
temperature and filtered through PP Filter press. The wet cake of filter
press is washed with plenty of water till the pH of filtrate is neutral.
The wet cake is dried in Spin Flash Dryer and the material is collected
in jumbo bags and dispatched to godown for sale.
Chemical Reaction
No chemical reaction is involved in the manufacturing of CPC Alpha Blue,
only unit operations/ processes will be involved.
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Mass Balance
INPUT Kgs Kgs OUTPUT
Sulphuric Acid (98%) 3500 50 Acidic fumes Scrubbing systemCPC 1000
Water 3000Steam 2200
Water 21000 10500 Sulphuric acid (20-22%)19165 Waste Water (use in CPC Plant)
Water 2000Caustic 100Surfactent/Aditive 30Steam 2000
Water 6600 8865 Waste Water (use in CPC Plant)
1850 Evaporation loss1000 Final Product
Total 41430 41430
Filter Press
SFD
MSRL 25 KL
Mass balance of Pigment Alpha Blue
Glass Line Vessel
Filter Press
Alkali TreatmentMSRL Reactor
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 2-13
3. CPC Beta Blue
Manufacturing Process
Charges dried CPC Blue Crude to Blender and homogenize the mass for
2 hours.
Add required quantities of salt in to the blender.
Blend the mass for 2-3 hours and remove the powder
Now, mill the powder in the Ball mill.
The milling operation should be carried out for at least 2 hours.
After milling the material charge for alkali treatment. Add solvent,
Caustic Lye (48%) and dispersion agent/emulsifier.
Mix the material thoroughly and heat the contents till the reflux stars.
Continue the reflux of solvent for 5 hours and then, start recovery of
the same.
Starts collecting recovered solvent in a separate tank and at the end of
the recovery inject live steam into the vessel to recover max. Quantity
of solvent.
Filter the mass and wash the material to neutral pH.
Route the wet cake to SFD for drying purpose and collect the material
in the HDPE/ Jumbo bags.
If necessary, blend the material in the blender and pack the material in
PP bags or Jumbo bags depending upon the requirement of the plant.
Chemical Reaction
No chemical reaction is involved in the manufacturing of CPC Beta Blue,
only unit operations/ processes will be involved.
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Mass Balance
INPUT Kgs Kgs OUTPUT
CPC 1000Salt 150
Caustic Flacks(98%) 30 995 XyleneWater 4000Xylene 1000Dispersing Agent 10Steam 2300
Water 20000 10695 Waste Water (ML)14300 Waste Water ETP)
1500 Evaporation loss1000 Final Product
Total 28490 28490
SFD
Mass balance of Pigment Beta Blue
Ball Mill
SS Reactor
Filter Press
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4. Activated Crude Blue
Manufacturing Process
CPC Blue Crude is to be charged with salt in the grinding mill. Only
sheering and grinding process occurs and Activated Crude Blue is
obtained. In this process desired particles shape and size are attained.
Chemical Reaction
No chemical reaction is involved in the manufacturing of Activated
Crude Blue, only unit operations will be involved.
Mass Balance
INPUT Kgs Kgs OUTPUT
CPC 955 1000 Activated Crude BlueSalt 45
Total 1000 1000
Mass balance of Activated Crude Blue
Grinding Mill
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5. CPC Green – 7:
Manufacturing Process
Chlorine gas is reacted with CPC Blue in a eutetic mixture of Aluminium
Chloride and Sodium Chloride in presence of Cupric Chloride.
The reaction is carried out at high temperature and it is continuously
monitored for completion of reaction.
After the reaction is over the material is dumped in water and filtered.
The Mother Liquor of Aluminum Chloride is collected and sold to textile
mills or manufacturer of Poly Aluminum Chloride.
In the filter, wash the cake to neutral pH, then, it is removed from the
filter press.
The wet cake further purified in the pigmentation vessel in presence of
solvent and other ingredients.
After over the pigmentation, material is filtered again and washed with
water to bring the pH neutral.
Wet cake is removed from the filter press and dried in Spin Flash Dryer
to recover the CPC Green powder.
The powder is packed in 20 kgs. Bags or in jumbo bags and dispatched
to go down.
Chemical Reaction:
N
N N+
N
N+
N N
N Cu2-
Cl Cl Cl Al
Cl
Cl
+ + NaCl+
N
N N+
N
N+
N N
N Cu2-
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
ClCl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
+ ClH
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Mass Balance:
INPUT Kgs Kgs OUTPUT
Water 800 700 HCl (22- to 25%)Caustic soln 500 900 Hypo
AlCl3 1800CPC 530Chlorine 1230CuCl2 80Salt 385
Water 8140 250 HCl (22- to 25%)
Water 15580 8360 AlCl3 Soln. (ML)15580 Waste water
Caustic Lye (98%) 90 3430 MCB/XyleneWater 2560Steam 2090MCB/Xylene 3490Dispersing Agent 30
Water 13955 6120 Waste Water (ML)13945 Waste Water ETP)
1275 Evaporation loss1000 Final Product
Total 49960 49960
Scrubber
SFD
Mass balance of Pigment Green-7
Glass Line Vessel
MSRL
Filter Press
MS Reactor
Filter Press
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2.8 PROJECT COMPONENTS
Components of the project include all facilities required for the operation of
the project with legal necessity.
a) Input requirements: Raw materials, water, fuel, power, manpower.
b) Utility requirements: Boiler, Thermic Fluid Heater, Hot Air Generator,
process vessels, Spin Flash Dryer etc.
c) Pollution control facilities:
Water Treatment Facilities: ETP, RO, MEE, ATFD.
Air Pollution Control Facilities: Multi Cyclone, Dust collector, two stage
water scrubber, alkali scrubber and Bag Filter.
Hazardous/Solid waste facilities: Hazardous waste storage facility
d) Other facilities: Greenbelt
2.9 INPUT REQUIREMENTS
(a) Raw material requirement:
The details of the raw material requirement are given in Table 2.4. All the
raw materials are indigenously available and will be transported via
road/rail. The raw materials will be stored/ inventory will be maintained as
per market requirement of the products and production schedule.
Table 2.4 Raw Material Consumption details
Sr.No.
Raw Materials Existing(MT/month)
Proposed(MT/month)
Total(MT/month)
Phthalocyanine Blue Crude-100 to 600 MT/Month01 Phthalic Anhydride 100 500 60002 Urea 94 470 56403 Cuprous Chloride 18 90 10804 Solvent – Make up
(ONT)5 25 30
05 Spent/Fresh SulphuricAcid
375 1875 2250
0d Caustic Lye 10 50 60Pigment Alpha Blue -200 MT/Month01 CPC Blue Crude 0.0 200.0 200.002 Sulphuric Acid (98%) 0.0 700.0 700.003 Surfactant/Additives 0.0 6.0 6.004 Caustic Lye (48%) 0.0 20.0 20.0
Pigment Beta Blue -250 MT/Month01 CPC Blue Crude 0.0 250 25002 Salt 0.0 12.5 12.5
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03 Solvent – Make up(Xylene)
0.0 1.25 1.25
04 Dispersing Agent 0.0 2.5 2.505 Caustic Flakes 0.0 7.5 7.5
Activated Crude Blue-250 MT/Month01 CPC Blue Crude 0.0 239 23902 Salt 0.0 11 11
Pigment Green – 7-100 MT/Month01 CPC Blue Crude 0.0 53.0 53.002 Liq. Chlorine 0.0 123.0 123.003 Aluminium Chloride 0.0 180.0 180.004 Sodium Chloride 0.0 38.5 38.505 Cupric Chloride 0.0 8.0 8.006 Dispersing Agent 0.0 3.0 3.007 Caustic Lye (98%) 0.0 9.0 9.008 Solvent – Make up
(MCB/Xylene)0.0 6.0 6.0
(b) Water requirement:
At present, total water requirement (Industrial + Domestic + Greenbelt) is
95.5 KLD. After expansion, it will be increased up to 1537 KLD; out of
which 479 KLD will be fresh water requirement & 1058 KLD will be
recycle/treated water. Major water consumption will be process 800 KLD,
cooling 300 KLD, Boiler 250 KLD, and washing 100 KLD. Water demand for
greenbelt of 25 KLD will be met from treated wastewater of STP. Water
consumption in each category and Water balance diagram is given in
Table 2.5 and Figure 2.5, respectively. Current and future source of
fresh water is and will be Bore Well.
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 2-20
Table 2.5 Breakup of water consumption & w/w generation
Water Consumption
Sr.No.
Category Water Consumption(KL/day)
Remarks
Existing AfterProposedExpansion
1. Domestic 20 30 Fresh water2. Gardening 15 25 Recycle Water
(treated water from STP)3. Industrial
Process 23 800 Recycle Water/Fresh Water
Lab 1 5 Fresh waterScrubber 6.5 17 Fresh waterWashing 13 100 Fresh water
Boiler 9 250 Recycle Water/Fresh Water
Cooling Tower 3 300 Recycle Water/Fresh Water
Water treatment 5 10 Reject from WaterTreatment
Total Industrial 60.5 1482Total water consumption 95.5 1537Recycled water 14 1058Actual fresh waterrequirements
81.5 479
Wastewater generationSr.No.
Category Wastewater Generation(KL/day)
Existing After ProposedExpansion
1. Domestic 8 252. Gardening 0 03.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
IndustrialProcess 16.4 858
Lab 1 5Scrubber 0 2Washing 2 100
Boiler 3 25Cooling Tower 1.4 75
Water treatment 0 10Total Industrial 23.8 1075Total wastewater generation 31.8 1100Effluent disposal to CETP-EICL 23.8 22
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 2-21
Figure 2.5 Water Balance Diagram (Total after expansion)
[†RO reject (from utilities wastewater treatment) of 22 KLD will be sent to CETP-EICL.Membership certificate of EICL (30 KLD) is included as Annexure-VIII. Moreoverproposed discharge to CETP will not exceed current consented levels of 23.8 KLD.‡ Treated water from STP will be used for Greenbelt]
Total water consumption= 1537 KLD[479 (Fresh water) + 1058* (recycle)]
Lab5
Process800
Utility560
Greenbelt25‡
Domestic30
Washing100
Total Volume858
ETP
5.0+2.0+858+100=965
Blowdown25
Live Steam140
5
To STP25‡
ToGreenbelt
Boiler250
Scrubber17
34.0(NH4)2CO3
Reuse inprocess ofCPC Blue
Cooling300
RO965
Permeate765*
Condensate180*
(HCl + Hypo)6.5
2.0 S. acid80
WaterRet withRM 91
Bleedoff75
MEE/ATFD200
Salt5.0
System Loss15.0
ETP75 + 25 + 10 =110
RO110
Permeate88*
CETP-EICLUmraya
22†
D. Loss60
AlCl3(20%) 33
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 2-22
(c) Power:
Total power requirement is and will be sourced from Madhya Gujarat Vij
Company Ltd. (MGVCL). At present, power requirement is 300 KVA and
proposed power requirement for expansion activities will be 750 KVA. Unit
has installed 1 stand by D.G. Set with Capacity 300 KVA. D.G. set will be
operated only during failure of power supply by state grid.
(d) Fuel:
At present, steam boiler, Thermic Fluid Heater & Hot Air Generator
consumes 125 MT/Month LDO and 300 MT/Month coal/agro waste; and 75
lit/hr. of HSD in D.G. set (300 kVA). After expansion, fuel requirement will
be 1010 MT/Month of coal/Agro waste in the utilities; and the same 75
lit/hr. of HSD in D.G. set (300 kVA).
(e) Manpower:
After expansion, total manpower will be 100; i.e. existing 35 nos. and
proposed 65 nos. which include manpower at all levels (i.e. chemists,
supervisors, operators, miscellaneous etc.).
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 2-23
2.10 GENERATION OF POLLUTANTS
The sources of pollution will be as below;
2.10.1 Wastewater generation
After expansion, total industrial wastewater generation will be increased
from 23.8 KLD to 1075 KLD. The main source of the industrial wastewater
generation will be from process (858 KLD), washing (100 KLD) and utilities
(Boiler & cooling - 100 KLD) among others. Domestic wastewater
generation will be 25 KLD. The details of each wastewater generation
(existing & after proposed expansion) are given in Table 2.5. Water
balance diagram is given in Figure 2.5.
2.10.2 Gaseous Emissions
At present, flue gas emission is from stacks attached with boiler, Hot air
generator & Thermic Fluid Heater (TFH) and stand by D. G. Set (300 kVA).
D. G. Set will be treated as standby & use in case of non-availability of
power and or emergency. After expansion, there will be addition of flue
gas stack of Boiler, Hot air generator & Thermic Fluid Heater. Most
probable pollutants will be SPM, SO2 and NOx. Current process emission is
from the process vessel of CPC blue. After expansion, process emission will
be from process vessel of CPC Blue, Chlorination & dumping vessel of CPC
green, process vessel of alpha blue and spin flash dryers. The details of
the flue gas stacks & process gas stacks are given in Table 2.6 and Table2.7, respectively.
Sources of fugitive emission:In proposed activities, there will be chances of generation of acid fumes
and VOCs from material handling area and process area. There will be also
changes of generation of PM (Dust) from packing/ finishing area.
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 2-24
Table 2.6 Details of Existing stacksSr.No.
Stackattached
to
StackHeight
(m)
Fuel Fuelconsumption
rate
APCmeasures
Probableemission
Flue Gas stacks1. Steam Boiler
2 ton/Hr.30 Coal/
Agrowaste
250MT/month
Multi Cyclone,Dust Collector
PM<150 mg/Nm3
SO2<100 ppmNOx<50 ppm2. Thermic
Fluid Heater(6.5 LakhsKcal/Hr.)
3. Hot AirGenerator(3.0 LakhsKcal/Hr.)
30 Coal/Agrowaste
50MT/month
Cyclone DustCollector
4. D. G. Set(300 kVA)
9 HSD 75 Lit/hr. -
Process Gas stacks1. Process
VesselCPC Blue
10 - - Two stagewater
Scrubber
NH3<175 mg/Nm3
Table 2.7 Details of Proposed stacks
Sr.No.
Stackattached
to
StackHeight
(m)
Fuel Fuelconsumption
rate
APCmeasures
Probableemission
Proposed Flue Gas stacks1. Steam Boiler
(5.0 ton/Hr)30 Coal/
Agrowaste
510MT/month
Multi Cyclone,Dust Collector
PM<150 mg/Nm3
SO2<100 ppmNOx<50 ppm2. Thermic
Fluid Heater(15.0 LakhsKcal/hr.)
215MT/month
3. Hot AirGenerator(20.0 LakhsKcal/hr.)
30 Coal/Agrowaste
285MT/month
Multi Cyclone,Dust Collector
Proposed Process Gas stacks1. Process
VesselCPC Blue
21 - - Two stagewater Scrubber
NH3<175 mg/Nm3
2. Chlorination& DumpingVessel ofCPC Green
21 - - Two StageWater ScrubberFollowed byalkali scrubber
HCl<20 mg/Nm3
Cl2 <10 mg/Nm3
3. Processvessel ofAlpha blue
11 - - Alkali Scrubber SO2<40 mg/Nm3
4. Spin FlashDryer – 1&2
11 - - Bag Filter SPM<150 mg/Nm3
5. Spin FlashDryer – 3&4
11 - - Bag Filter SPM<150 mg/Nm3
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 2-25
2.10.3 Hazardous/Solid Waste generation
Main source of hazardous waste generation is ETP sludge & MEE salt, used
lubricating oil and discarded containers/barrels/liners. After expansion,
source of Hazardous waste generation will increase but existing sources
will remain same but there will be increase in the quantity of all the
existing hazardous waste generation. The details of each hazardous waste
generation are given in Table 2.8.
Table 2.8. Details of Hazardous Waste Generation
Sr.No.
Type ofWaste
Categoryas perHWMRules2016
Quantity in MT/Month Disposal methodExisting Proposed Total
1. ETP Sludge 35.3 80MT/month
150MT/month
230MT/month
Collection, storage,transportation & disposalat TSDF site approved byGPCB.
2. Salt fromMEE
0.0 140MT/month
140MT/month
Collection, storage,transportation & disposalat TSDF site approved byGPCB.
3. Discardedcontainers/barrels/liners
33.1 Drum:250 Nos./
monthLiner:0.33MT/month
Drum:1000 Nos./
monthLiner:5
MT/month
Drum:1250 Nos./
monthLiners:5.33
MT/month
Being used for packing ofETP sludge, in case ofexcess it will be sold toapproved recycler ortraders.
4. UsedLubricatingOil
5.1 0.085Kl/year
0.915Kl/year
1.0 Kl/year It will be sold toapproved recycler withGPCB.
5. AmmoniumCarbonate
Sch. IIB(15)
37.29MT/month
186.45MT/month
223.74MT/month
Collection, storage andcaptive use.
6. Inorganicacid (H2SO4)
Sch. IIB(15)
0.0 2100MT/month
2100MT/month
Collection, storage andcaptive use.
7. Inorganicacid (HCl)(~20%)
Sch. IIB(15)
0.0 70MT/month
70MT/month
Collection, storage andtransportation and soldto actual users as perRule-9 of HAZ Rules.
8. Sodium HypoChloriteSolution(~12%)
Sch. IIB(15)
0.0 90MT/month
90MT/month
Collection, storage andtransportation and soldto actual users as perRule-9 of HAZ Rules.
9. Halogenatedcompounds(AluminumChloride)(~20%)
Sch. IIB(15)
00 800MT/month
800MT/month
Collection, storage andtransportation and soldto actual users as perRule-9 of HAZ Rules.
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 2-26
2.10.4 Noise Pollution
At present, the main source of noise generation is from boiler, process
plant, vehicular transportation & other machineries. There will be increase
in noise level due to proposed expansion activities, by installation of
additional mechanical equipment. The noise level in the unit is well within
the prescribed limit.
2.11 POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES
The unit is equally conscious about the pollution control strategy. The
details of pollution control strategy for various parameters are given here
under,
2.11.1 Effluent ManagementThe main source of the industrial wastewater generation will be from
process, washing & utilities. The details of the wastewater generation
(existing & after proposed expansion) are shown in Table 2.5. Currently,
unit is treating their wastewater up to CETP-EICL, Umraya norms fixed by
GPCB in in-house ETP. After proposed expansion, Wastewater generated
will be segregated into two streams, process wastewater and utilities
wastewater. Wastewater from process, washing, scrubber and lab will be
treated in ETP followed by RO. RO permeate will be recycled and RO reject
will be treated in MEE/ATFD setup. Effluent from the utilities (cooling and
boiler) will be treated in separate ETP followed by RO; RO permeate will be
recycled and RO reject (from only utilities wastewater treatment) will be
sent to CETP-EICL, Umraya for final disposal and treatment. Proposed
setup with wastewater quantification is shown in Figure 2.5.
Detailed Effluent treatment scheme:
There will be mainly three streams generated during the manufacturing
process, (i) concentrated stream (ML of acidic treatment of Alpha Blue),
which will be captively used; (ii) ML containing Aluminum Chloride, which
will be sold to actual users or recycler facility approved by GPCB; and (ii)
General/weak wastewater stream from manufacturing activities of other
product and utility section, which will be treated in-house by ETP-RO-
MEE/ATFD. The effluent treatment plant is based on segregation system of
difference streams.
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 2-27
ETP Description: Company plans to reuse treated wastewater to reduce
the fresh water requirement. It is estimated that total 1075 KLD of
industrial effluent will be generated from various stages. Out of which, 110
KLD of utility wastewater and reject of water treatment will be passed
though RO and permeate will be recycled. Other 965 KLD of Process, lab,
scrubber & washing wastewater will be treated by RO-MEE and permeate-
condensate will be recycled. Highly acidic spent acid will be consumed in
the unit itself in the production of CPC Blue crude; additionally, water
generated from alpha blue will be used in production of CPC blue crude
hence no generation of effluent from the manufacturing of alpha blue
product. Other high concentrate waste stream is AlCl3 from Green-7 which
will be directly sold to PAC-Poly Aluminum Chloride manufacturer working
in the close vicinity of the plant. The Company will install a full-fledged ETP
plant which comprises of neutralization, equalization, settling, filtration
through carbon and sand filters to remove suspended particles. RO,
MEE/ATFD will be provided to achieve zero discharge of industrial effluent.
Design details of ETP and technical details of MEE, ATFD, and RO are given
in Table 2.9–2.12; flow diagram is given as Figure 2.6.
2.11.2 Air Pollution Control
Flue gas stacks
Flue gas emission is due to the combustion of fuel. At present, a agro
waste/coal is used as fuel in stack of boiler, TFH and HAG. Multi cyclone
dust collector is installed as APCM for stack attached to boiler, TFH, HAG.
After expansion, there is addition of stack of boiler, HAG, THF. To control
Air pollution (PM), multi cyclone dust collector will be installed as APC. Unit
has installed D.G. set with capacity of 300 kVA; no APCM will be installed.
It will be treated as standby & use in case of non-availability of power and
or emergency. Diesel will be used as fuel. The details of the stacks with
their APC measures & height are given in Table 2.6 & Table 2.7.
Process stacks/vents
At present, process gas emission is from the stack attached to process
vessel of CPC blue. After expansion, process gas emission will be from
process vessels, dumping and chlorination vessels and spin flash dryer.
Two stage water scrubber, alkali scrubber and bag filters will be introduced
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 2-28
as an APCM. The details of process gas stacks with their APC measures &
height are given in Table 2.6 & Table 2.7. Furthermore, for all stacks,
adequate stack height and facility for sampling such as ladder and
sampling point will be provided as per the GPCB guidelines.
Fugitive Emission Control
To control fugitive emission, following steps will be implemented:
Entire process will be carried out in closed reactors.
Pneumatically transfer of liquid raw material in reactor.
Raw material will be stored in the covered structure.
Regular maintenance of valves, pipes etc.
PPEs will be provided to the workers.
Frequent work area monitoring will be done ensure fugitive
emissions level.
Greenbelt will be developed around the plant to arrest the fugitive
emission.
2.11.3 Hazardous/Solid Waste Management
Entire quantity of hazardous waste will be handled and disposed as per
Hazardous & Other waste (Management and Transboundary Movement)
Rules, 2016. Currently unit is disposing its ETP sludge at TSDF site; TSDF
membership certificates are included in Annexure. After expansion, ETP
sludge and MEE salt will be disposed to approved TSDF site. Whereas
discarded drums/containers are/will be reused and in case of excess,
disposed of by selling to registered recyclers. Used lubricating oil is/will be
sold to approve recyclers. HCl, sodium hypo chlorite, and aluminum
chloride will be sold to the actual users. The unit has provided isolated
area with impervious flooring for the storage of hazardous waste. Thus,
hazardous waste management system provided by the unit will be
adequate and there will not be any major impact on the environment due
to hazardous waste. The details of hazardous waste generation are given
in Table 2.8.
Fly Ash management
In existing operation, fly ash is generated around 1 MT/day. Total fly ash
generation after proposed expansion will be 3.2 MT/day. Fly ash is sold to
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 2-29
brick manufacturer working in 25 km radius from project site and also
supplied to the companies for land leveling, conditioning & road
construction, etc.
Solvent Recovery & Management
After completion of processes (desired conversion of raw materials to
products), the batch will be discharged into Horizontal Rotary Vacuum
Dryer (RVD), where solvent will be removed under vacuum. Recovered
solvent will be recycled in the next batch. Thus, there will be no generation
of spent solvent from the process which needs disposal or separate
purification. After reusing the recover solvent, only make up (required
balance quantity) will be added in next batch.
2.11.4 Noise control measures
The main noise generating sources in the plant are operation of material
handling, process plant and boiler/TFH/HAG/D.G. set among other
machineries. All these sources will generate continuous noise. However,
the noise transmitted outside the plant boundary will be low because most
of the noise generating equipments will be in closed structures provided
with acoustic enclosure. Equipments will be statically and dynamically
balanced. Ear muff, ear plug will be provided to all workers working at
noisy area. Additionally, extensive oiling, lubrication, periodic monitoring
and regular maintenance will be carried out for the machineries and
equipments to reduce noise generation. Moreover, adequate greenbelt will
be developed within premises and around the periphery to prevent the
noise pollution. By taking measures as mentioned, it is anticipated that
noise levels in the plant will be maintained below the permissible limit.
2.12 RAIN WATER HARVESTING
Unit proposes to develop rain water harvesting structure outside the
factory premises to avoid any ground water contamination.
2.13 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT
The unit will add to and dense existing greenbelt area to 5665 m2, which
will tune around 33% of the project area. Additionally, the unit will
develop the greenbelt in areas available outside the plant, if necessary.
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 2-30
2.14 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY
The company is concerned with the health, safety and environment
protection. The company will formulate and develop an ‘Occupational
Health & Safety Policy’ to ensure good health and safety of its employees.
Following key safety measures shall be a part of the Health & Safety policy
of the company and shall be followed after the project implementation:
Safety Training shall be provided to the employees.
Safety Sirens with Alarm System in case of emergency shall be
provided.
Fire Hydrant System shall be installed.
Fire Extinguishers shall be provided.
Mock drills shall be periodically conducted and factors like response
time shall be evaluated.
First Aid Facility and training shall be provided.
Personnel protective Equipment shall be provided to the employees.
Health check-ups shall be organized at regular intervals.
Safety/Health records and MSDS shall be maintained.
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 2-31
Table 2.9(a) Details of Existing Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP)
Sr. No. Unit Capacity (m3)1 Collection Tank 20
2 Neutralisation Tank 60
3 Neutralisation Tank 60
4 Neutralisation Tank 60
5 Neutralisation Tank 60
6 Filter Press- 1 Nos 48” x 36 Plats
7 Filtrate collection Tank 60
8 Filtrate collection Tank 60
9 Filtrate collection Tank 60
10 Stripper 60
11 Treated water Tank 60
12 Copper recovery unit 40
13 Treated Water 40
14 Sludge storage area -
15 Sludge storage area -
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 2-32
Table 2.9(b) Details of Proposed Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP)
Sr. No. Unit Capacity (m3)1 Collection Tank 20
2 Equalization Tank 60
3 Equalization Tank 60
4 Neutralisation Tank 60
5 Neutralisation Tank 60
6 Filter Press-2 Nos 48” x 36 Plats
7 Filtrate collection Tank 60
8 Filtrate collection Tank 60
9 Filtrate collection Tank 60
10 Treated water Tank 60
11 Treated water Tank 60
12 Copper recovery unit 40
13 Final treated collection Tank 40
14 Reverse Osmoses system Table 2.12
15 Permeate water collection Tank 60
16 Reject collection Tank 40
17 MEE & ATFD Table 2.10 & 2.11
18 Condensate water collection Tank 60
19 Sludge storage area -
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 2-33
Table 2.10
Technical Details of MEE
Sr. No. Description Unit Value1 Water Evaporation capacity Kgs/hr 90002 Feed rate Kgs/hr 100003 Concentrate outlet rate Kgs/hr 10004 Total solids in product feed TDS% 3%5 Total solids in Concentrate outlet TDS% 30%6 Concentrate outlet temp ˚C 60-657 Cooling water inlet/outlet temp ˚C 32-408 Cooling water quantity m3/hr 1809 Require steam pressure Kg/cm2 0710 Motive steam consumption Kgs/hr 180011 Plant power requirement HP 23012 Cooling tower power with fan HP 3513 Vaccum pump power HP 2014 Operating hours Hrs/day 2015 Total power require
Absorb powerHP
KWH285190
16 Thermic oil flow require m3/hr 6517 Thermic oil heat require Kcal/hr 9.5 lacs18 Inlet/outlet temp ˚C 185-200
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 2-34
Table 2.11
Technical specification of ATFD
Sr.No.
Particulars Unit Value
1 Water Evaporation capacity Kgs/hr 6502 Feed rate Kgs/hr 10003 Concentrate outlet pump Kgs/hr 3504 Total solids in product feed TDS% 30%5 Total solids in concentrate outlet TDS% 85%6 Concentrate outlet temp Around ˚C 60-657 Cooling water inlet/outlet temp Around ˚C 32-408 Cooling water quantity M3/hr 659 Require steam pressure Kg/cm2 0710 Motive steam consumption thermic oil
heat requireflow require
Kgs/hrKcal/hrM3/hr
7854.20 lacs
2811 Plant power requirement HP 2712 Cooling tower power with fan HP 1013 Blower pump power HP 0514 Operating hours Hrs/day 2015 Total power required HP
KWH4233
16 Salt recover with 10% moist Kg/hr 350
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 2-35
Table 2.12
Technical specification of RO
Sr.No.
Particulars Specification
1 Type of membrane Thin film composite spiral wound2 MOC of membrane Polyamide3 Make of membrane Dow-Filmtec-USA4 Size of membrane 8040
5 MOC of membrane housing FRP6 Make of membrane housing Matrix/Equiv7 No. of housings Two8 No. of membranes 6 nos.9 Operating pressure 12-14 kg/cm2
10 Recovery 75-80% (approx.)11 High pressure piping from SS 316
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 2-36
Figure 2.6
Process flow chart of Proposed ETP
Sr. No. Unit Sr. No. Unit1 Collection Tank 11 Treated water Tank
2 Equalization Tank 12 Copper recovery unit
3 Equalization Tank 13 Final treated collection Tank
4 Neutralization Tank 14 Reverse Osmoses system
5 Neutralization Tank 15 Permeate water collection Tank
6 Filter Press-2 Nos 16 Reject collection Tank
7 Filtrate collection Tank 17 MEE & ATFD
8 Filtrate collection Tank 18 Condensate water collection Tank
9 Filtrate collection Tank 19 Sludge storage area
10 Treated water Tank
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 2-37
Table 2.13
Characteristic of untreated and treated effluent of Process W/w
Parameters Unit Untreatedeffluent
Treatedeffluent
CETP inletNorms
pH pH Unit 3.5-4.5 7.2-7.5 5.0-9.0Color Co-Pt
Unit1650-2000 75-100 --
SS mg/L 600-700 150-200 600TDS mg/L 7500-8000 6500-7000 --COD mg/L 2200-2500 1000-1500 2000BOD mg/L 700-800 200-250 500Oil & Grease mg/L 15-20 7.5-10 20Copper mg/L 15-20 1.5-2.0 2Ammonical Nitrogen mg/L 2500-3000 40-50 50
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 2-38
Table 2.14
Details of STP; Design Capacity-40 KLD
Sr.
No.
Name of Unit Dimension(m)
No. ofUnit
Capacity(m3)
1 Bar screen Standard supply 1 -2 Oil and Grease Trap 1.0 x 1.0x 1.0 1 1.03 Collection Tank 2.5 x 2.5 x 2.6 + 0.5 F.B 1 13.0
4 Aeration Tank 3.0 x 3.0 x 3.3 + 0.5 F.B 1 25.25 Settling Tank 1.5 x 1.5 x 1.5 + 0.5 F.B 1 2.25
surfacearea
6 Chlorine Contact Tank 1.6 x 1.6 x 1.8 + 0.5 F.B 1 3.37 Buffer Tank 2.5 x 2.5 x 2.6 + 0.5 F.B 1 13.08 Pressure Sand Filter Standard supply 1 --9 Activated Carbon Filter Standard supply 1 --10 Final Treated Sewage Tank 2.3 x 2.3 x 2.4 + 0.5 F.B 1 10.011 Sludge Drying Bed 1.5 x 1.5 x 1.5 + 0.5 F.B 1 2.25
surfacearea
12 Hypo Dosing Tank - 1 -
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-1
Chapter-3
Description of Environment
3.1 GENERAL
To assess environmental impacts from proposed project at a specific
location, it is essential to monitor the existing environmental quality
prevailing in the surrounding area prior to implementation of the project.
The environmental status within the impact zone could be used for
identification of significant environmental issues to be addressed in the
impact assessment study. Baseline data generation forms a part of the
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study and helps to evaluate the
predicted impacts on the various environmental attributes in the study
area by using scientifically developed and widely accepted impact
assessment methodologies.This section contains the description of
baseline studies of 10 km radius surrounding the project site. The baseline
study was carried out to understand following environmental parameters.
Land Environment
Meteorology
Air Environment
Water Environment
Soil Environment
Noise Environment
Biological Environment
Socio-economic Environment
The data collected has been used to understand the existing environment
scenario around the project site against which the potential impacts of the
proposed project can be assessed.
3.2 STUDY AREA
The unit is located at Survey No. 85/B, ECP Canal Road, AT & P Karakhadi,
Tal-Padra, Dist: Vadodara, Gujarat.An area of 10 km radius from the
boundary of the project site is considered as study area for the EIA study
as per the TOR issued by MoEF&CC.
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-2
Table 3.1 Environmental setting of the study area
Name of the Project M/s. Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit II)
Location
Plot/ Survey No. Survey No. 85/B
Village ECP Canal Road, AT & P Karakhadi
Tehsil Padra
District Vadodara
State Gujarat
Area 17165 m2
Latitude 22°12'11.18"N
Longitude 72°55'10.88"E
Nearest
Railway Station Kural Railway Station, about 7.5 km
Air Port Vadodara Airport, about 40 km
Town Padra, about 20 km
City Vadodara, about 40 km
National Park/Wildlife Sanctuary None, within 10 km radius
3.3 STUDY PERIOD
Baseline environmental quality represents the background scenario of
various environmental components. As part of EIA study, baseline
environmental monitoring was done over a radial distance of 10 km
around the project site during the period of October, 2017 to
December, 2017.
3.4 SOURCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL DATA GENERATION
Baseline information on micrometeorology, ambient air quality, water
quality, noise level, soil quality and ecology (flora-fauna) are generated by
M/s. San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad. Apart from these,
secondary data have been collected from census book, revenue records,
soil survey and forest department, meteorological department etc. The
generation of primary as well as collection of secondary data &information
from the site and surrounding was carried out during the period of
October, 2017 to December, 2017.
3.5 METHODOLOGY
The process & methodology adopted for various environmental attributes
in the study is as follows:
To assess the Air environment in the study area, monitoring of the Air
quality was done by setting up reconnaissance. The samples were
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-3
collected by installation of Respirable Dust Sampler (RDS) Sampler
(with gaseous attachment & FPS facility) at different locations for
monitoring of primary air pollutants to work out the existing status of
air quality.
Ground water samples& surface water samples were analyzed for the
parameters necessary to determine water quality (based on IS: 10500-
2012 criteria) and those which are relevant from the point of view of
environmental impacts of the project site.
Soil samples were collected using an Auger and analyzed for relevant
physico-chemical characteristics in order to assess the impact on soil.
The noise level monitoring was done at various locations at different
intervals of time with the help of sound level meter.
Socio-economic data was collected from field studies and secondary
sources like Census of India 2011, Revenue record, etc.
3.6 LAND ENVIRONMENT
Land Cover is the physical material at the surface of the earth (includes
grass, trees, bare ground, water etc.); whereas Land use is the human use
of land. Studies on land use aspects of eco-system play an important role
in identifying susceptible issues and to take appropriate action to uphold
ecological equilibrium in the region. Main objective is to provide a baseline
status of the study area so that temporal changes due to the proposed
activities on the surroundings can be assessed in future.
3.6.1 Land use pattern of the Study Area
The study area of 10-km around the project site is considered in the land
use pattern study. The term land-use indicates the way in which the land
is utilized for different purposes. The land-use distribution of the study
area is given in Table 3.2.Land-use map is given in Figure 3.1.
3.6.2 Objective of Land Use Studies
The objectives of land use studies are (i) to develop land use & land cover
map using land coordinates of the project area, (ii) to identify and mark
important basic features according primary and secondary data, and (iii)
to suggest measures for conservation and sustainable use of land.
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Figure 3.1Land use map
Table 3.2 Land use statistics work out based on satellite imaginary
Description Area (Sq. km.) Area (%)
Built Up Industrial 2.58 0.82
Built Up Residential 6.23 1.98
Crop Land 184.47 58.63
Dense Scrub 2.71 0.86
Fallow Land 21.24 6.75
Marsh Land 13.81 4.39
Marsh Vegetation 7.71 2.45
Mudflat 42.82 13.61
Mudflat With Vegetation 0.63 0.2
Open Scrub 10.45 3.32
River 13.72 4.36
Saline Area 3.52 1.12
Salt Pan 2.23 0.71
Water Body 2.52 0.8
Total 314.64 100
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3.6.3 Topography
The site area is plain with little undulating at few places. Agriculture and
allied activities are most predominant in this area. Fallow land and barren
lands were less observed near project site. There are no Eco Fragile Zone
or Natural Forest near project site in study area. Toposheet of location
with site location map of 10 km radius at 1:25,000 and 1:50,000 scale is
shown in Figure 3.12 & 3.13, respectively.
3.6.4 Seismicity of the area
The project site falls under seismic zone III. The Seismic Zone Map of
Gujarat is given below.
3.7 METEOROLOGY
Meteorology is the key to understand the air quality. Wind fluctuations
over a very wide range of time, accomplish dispersion and strongly
influence other processes associated with them. The micrometeorological
conditions at the project site will be regulating the transport and diffusion
of air pollutants released into the atmosphere.
3.7.1 Site specific micro-meteorological data
The data on surface meteorological parameters in the study area were
collected from October, 2017 to December, 2017, by setting up
portable weather monitoring station placed at project site. The sensor of
the equipment was kept at sufficient height (about 10 m) from ground
level with free exposure to the atmosphere. The monitoring methodology
is given in Table 3.3&data collected are presented in Table 3.4. The
following parameters were recorded at hourly intervals during monitoring
period:
• Wind speed & Wind direction
• Temperature
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• Relative humidity
• Rainfall
Table 3.3: Monitoring Methodology of Meteorological Data
S.
No.
Sampling
Parameters
Sample Collection Total
Sampling
Period
Sampling
Frequency
Methodology
Sampling
Equipment
Sensitivity/
Detection
Limit
1 Wind Speed Anemometer
cup counter
(0 to 65 m/s)
0.25 m/s Oct to
Dec,2017
Hourly As per
manufacturer‟s
manual,
Instruments
are
Calibrated
2 Wind
Direction
Wind vane
(0° to 357°)
10
3 Temperature Thermometer
(-40° to 60°)
0.10C
4 Humidity Thermometer
(-40° to 60°)
3%
5 Rainfall Rain gauge 0.5 mm
6 Cloud Cover -- -- 4 Hourly Visual
Inspection by
the observer
Table 3.4: Meteorological Data for the Monitoring Period
(Oct, 2017 to Dec, 2017)
Month Wind speed
(km/hr.)
Pre
dominant
wind
direction
Temp.
(0C)
Relative
Humidity
(%)
Rain fall (mm)
Max Min Max Min Max Min 24 hrs.
highest
No. of
rainy days
Oct,17 11 1 ENE,NE,NNE 38 27 80 15 No rainfall during
the study period Nov,17 24 2 ENE,NE,E 36 22 54 16
Dec,17 31 3 ENE,NE,NNE 32 17 78 17
3.7.2 Wind Rose
Wind rose is the diagrammatic representation of wind speed in a specified
direction with its arms representing sixteen directions, each arms give a
clear frequency distribution of wind speed in a particular direction for a
given period of time. It is one of the most important meteorological
parameters and governs dispersion, diffusion & transportation of
pollutants.The % frequencies of wind in 16 directions have been computed
from the recorded data during the study period for 24-hourly intervals to
plot wind rose. The predominant wind directions –ENE,NE,NNE; implying
that winds come from these directions for most of the time during the
period. The wind speed class 1-5 kmph occurred for 20.51%, 6-10 kmph
about 31.29%, 11-15 kmph21.7% and above 15 kmph and below 40
kmph occurred for 13.22% of the study period. Calm wind during this
period is 13.22%. Wind rose diagram is shown as Figure 3.8.
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3.8 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY
3.8.1 Introduction
To quantify the impact of the proposed project on the ambient air quality,
it is necessary to evaluate the existing ambient air quality of the area. The
ambient air quality monitoring with respect to the study area of 10 km
radius around the project site was done for the baseline information.
3.8.2 Design Network for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations
The baseline status of the ambient air quality has been assessed through a
scientifically designed ambient air quality monitoring network. The design
of monitoring network is based on the following considerations:
Topography/Terrain of the study area
Populated areas within the region
Prediction of maximum concentrations and distances of their likely
occurrence under prevailing meteorological conditions
Representation of regional background
Representatives of likely impact areas
Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM) stations were placed at eight
locations with due consideration to the above mentioned points.
3.8.3 Reconnaissance
Reconnaissance was undertaken to establish the baseline status of air
environment in the study region. The prime objective of the NAAQ survey,
within 10 km radial study area around the proposed project, was to
establish the existing ambient air quality levels. The monitoring locations
(relative directions and distances) are given in Table 3.11&shown in
Figure 3.7and results are given in Table 3.12 to 3.17.
3.8.4 Parameters, Frequency and monitoring Methodology
The existing ambient air quality, in terms of Particulate Matter-10 (PM10),
Particulate Matter-2.5 (PM2.5), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Oxides of Nitrogen
(NOx), CarbonMonoxide (CO), Hydro Carbon (HCs), Hydrochloric acid
(HCl), Chlorine(Cl2), Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)&Ammonia
(NH3)has been measured. It was ensured that, the equipment was placed
at open space free from any obstacles at a height of at least 3 to 4 m
above the ground level at each monitoring station to avoid the effects of
wind-blown ground dust. Monitoring has been carried out as per the latest
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CPCB and MoEF&CC guidelines and notifications. Details of methodology
are given in Table 3.5.
Table 3.5Methodology of Ambient Air Monitoring
Sampling Parameters
Instrument used Analytical equipment
Detection Limit
Test method
PM10 RDS (Respirable Dust Sampler)
Electronic Balance 1 μg/m3 Gravimetric IS: 5182 (Part 23) 2006
PM2.5 FPM (Fine ParticulateSampler) APM 550
Electronic Balance 1 μg/m3 GravimetricCPCB Guidelinesfor Ambient AirMonitoring
SO2 Gaseous flowattachment with RDS sampler
SpectroPhotometer 2.5 μg/m3
Colorimetric IS: 5182: (Part II) 2001
NOx Gaseous
flowattachment with RDS sampler
SpectroPhotometer 6.0 μg/m3
Colorimetric IS: 5182:
(Part VI) 2006
HCl Gaseous flowattachment with RDS sampler
Titrimetric 1 μg/m3 Titrimetric
Cl2 Gaseous flow attachment with RDS sampler
Spectro Photometer
1 μg/m3 Colorimetric IS 518 (Part XIX): 1982
NH3 Gaseous flowattachment with RDS sampler
SpectroPhotometer 10 μg/m3 CPCB Guidelinesfor Ambient AirMonitoring
CO Bladder & Pump
Gas Chromatograph
1 ppm Gas Chromatography
HC Bladder & Pump Gas
Chromatograph
1 ppm Gas
Chromatography
VOC Bladder & Pump Gas
Chromatograph
1 ppm Gas
Chromatography
The duration of sampling of PM2.5, PM10, SO2& NOx was 24-hourly
continuous sampling per day and CO, HC, HCl, Cl2, VOCs& NH3was sampled
for 8-hours duration. The monitoring was done for twice a week for three
months. Parameters and frequency of sampling is giveninTable 3.6.
Table 3.6 Monitored Parameters and Frequency of Sampling
Parameters Sampling frequency
Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5)
24 hourly sample twice a week for three months
Respirable Particulate Matter (PM10)
24 hourly sample twice a week for three months
Sulphur dioxide (SO2) 24 hourly sample twice a week for three months
Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) 24 hourly sample twice a week for three months
Carbon Monoxide (CO) 8 hourly sampling
Hydro Carbon (HC) 8 hourly sampling
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) 8 hourly sampling
Chlorine (Cl2) 8 hourly sampling
Ammonia (NH3) 8 hourly sampling
Volatile Organic Compounds
(VOCs)
8 hourly sampling
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3.8.5 Interpretation of result
The existing baseline levels with respect to PM10, PM2.5, SO2,NOX, HCl, Cl2
and NH3 are tabulated in Tables 3.13 to 3.17& chart is given as figure
3.2 to 3.6.
Particulate Matter (PM10)
An average and 98th percentile value of 24-hourly PM10 values at all the
locations are found from 69.2 - 79.5 g/m3 and 72.8 - 89.1 g/m3. The
results were found well within the National Ambient Air Quality Standards
(NAAQS-CPCB) of 100 g/m3 and have negligible adverse impact by
proposed project activities.
Particulate Matter (PM2.5)
An average and 98th percentile value of 24-hourly PM2.5 values at all the
locations ranges from 33.6- 39.8g/m3 and 40.1 - 58.5 g/m3. The values
are well within National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS-CPCB) of 60
g/m3 and have negligible adverse impact by proposed project activities.
Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)
An average and 98th percentile value of 24-hourly SO2 value of arithmetic
mean at all the locations ranged from 12.4 – 14.1 g/m3 and 14.4 – 16.9
g/m3 respectively, which are well below National Ambient Air Quality
Standards (NAAQS-CPCB) of 80 g/m3 and have negligible adverse impact
by proposed project activities.
Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)
An average and 98th percentile value of 24 hourly NOx value of arithmetic
mean at all the locations ranged from 14.5-16.2 g/m3 and 16.5-19.5
g/m3 respectively, which are well below the National Ambient Air Quality
Standards (NAAQS-CPCB) of 80 g/m3 and have negligible adverse impact
by proposed project activities.
3.9 WATER ENVIRONMENT
3.9.1 Hydro-Geology of the Study Area
The rocks of the Vadodara district shows an age from Proterozoic to
Recent but a striking features of the district stratigraphy is the total
absence of Paleozoic, and the development of only the uppermost
Mesozoic rocks. The south westerly extended Precambrian basement of
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Peninsular India, the oldest rocks of Proterozoic age, are exposed in
eastern and north-eastern part of the district. Post Cretaceous sediments
& major volcanic rocks rest over this south westerly extended Precambrian
basement. Post Cretaceous sediments, Infratrappean and Intratrappean
are exposed as scattered inliers while younger volcanic rocks unit as
Deccan trap is well represented and so are the Tertiary and Quaternary,
though the Tertiary records are not complete and fully exposed.
In Vadodara district area, groundwater occurs both as unconfined and
confined conditions. Saturated zones of unconsolidated shallow alluvium
and weathered zones, shallow depth jointed and fractured rocks forms
unconfined aquifers, whereas multilayered aquifer below impervious clay
horizons in alluvium formation and interflow zones of basalts, inter-
trappean beds, deep seated fracture zones, shear zones in basalts,
granites and gneisses give rise to semi confined to confined
conditions.Generally, the water table follows topographic configuration.
The depth to water is greater in upland areas whereas in valley portion
and shallow grounds, the levels are very close to surface. In hilly terrain of
eastern, north- east and south-east part of the district, spring zones are
seen in stream river section; also along the section of the Mahi, the
Narmada and the Orsang rivers. The piezometric surface, mainly in
alluvium areas of western half the district also follows the gentle gradient
corresponding to subsurface configuration of deep aquifer zones.
Various types of dug wells (DW) are common to both alluvial / soft rock
areas and also in hard rock areas. In unconsolidated formation the depth
of dug well is few meter to more than 25 m; while in hard rock areas,
generally their depth depends upon weathering zone, through which they
have curbing and below it have naked zone. With declining water levels
along with rapid development, bore well of 30 to 90 m depth are drilled at
bottom of dried up dug well section and such well are termed as dug cum
bore well (DCB well), are common in both unconsolidated & consolidated
formation of the district. In consolidated rock units, especially in Deccan
Trap areas, horizontal bores at the bottom of the well, with gentle gradient
towards well are common. Large dia, collector type wells, generally for
regional water supply or for industrial uses are common in sandy beds of
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Mahi and Orsang rivers. To meet large demands bore well / tube wells are
common structures. There are shallow bore wells up to 60 to 80 m depth
both in consolidated and unconsolidated areas. Such bore well, in hard
rock areas are drilled for hand pump and also for irrigation purposes. In
unconsolidated arrears, in areas of Quaternaryalluvial deposits having
deep aquifer, deep tube wells up to 200 m depth are common.
3.10 WATER QUALITY
3.10.1 Introduction
Water quality assessment is one of the essential components of EIA study.
Such assessment helps in evaluating the existing health of water body and
suggesting appropriate mitigation measures to minimize the potential
impact from development projects. The water quality at the site and other
locations within the 10-km impact zone was monitored during the study
period.The purpose of the study is to:
Assess the water quality characteristics for critical parameters;
Evaluate the impact on agricultural productivity, habitat conditions
recreational resources and aesthetics in the vicinity; and
Predict the likely impacts on water quality due to the project and
related activities.
Reconnaissance survey was undertaken and monitoring locations were
finalized based on:
Location of residential areas representing different activities/likely
impact areas; and
Likely areas, which can represent baseline conditions.
3.10.2 Sampling Frequency, Techniques & Methodology
Eight surface water and eight groundwater samples were collected during
the study period. Ground water samples were collected from the existing
bore wells, while surface water was collected from ponds/river by surface
water sampler. These samples were taken as grab samples.Necessary
precautions were taken for preservation of samples.Sampling locations
with source & date of sampling is given in Table 3.7.
The samples collection procedure was adopted from „Standard Methods‟ for
the examination of Water and Wastewater published by American Public
Health Association (APHA) and IS 10500-2012.The samples were analyzed
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for Physico-chemical parameters to assess the existing water quality of the
area (based on IS: 10500-2012&APHA/AWWA, 23rdedition). The water
sampling locations marked within the study area and the result of the
analysis (ground water and surface water) is presented in the Figure
3.9&Table 3.19&3.20respectively.
Table 3.7 Sampling locations with source & date of sampling
Ground Water Sampling Locations
Sample
Code
Location Address Date of
Sampling
Taluka District
GW1 Project site Survey No. 85/B, Karakhadi 10/11/17 Padra Vadodara
GW2 Karakhadi Near Telephone exchange,
Karakhadi
10/11/17 Padra Vadodara
GW3 Dudhwada Near Mahadev Temple, Dudhwada 11/11/17 Padra Vadodara
GW4 Gametha HukabhaiVagriBorewell, Gametha 11/11/17 Padra Vadodara
GW5 Tithor Handpump Towards the road to
Swaminarayan Temple, Tithor
10/11/17 Padra Vadodara
GW6 Muval Near ShriJankiVallabh Arts College,
Muval
11/11/17 Padra Vadodara
GW7 Chokari Near Hanuman Temple, Chokari 12/11/17 Padra Vadodara
GW8 Dabka Near DabkaSchool at
GaamBhagod, Dabka
12/11/17 Padra Vadodara
Surface Water Sampling Locations
Sample
Code
Location Date of
Sampling
Taluka District
SW1 Mahi River
(Accessed near
Dabka Village)
12/11/17 Padra Vadodara
SW2 Pond of Gametha 10/11/17 Padra Vadodara
SW3 Pond of Abhol 12/11/17 Padra Vadodara
SW4 Pond of Muval 12/11/17 Padra Vadodara
SW5 Pond of Gajana 11/11/17 Borsad Anand
SW6 PondPiludra 12/11/17 Jambusar Bharuch
SW7 PondMasar 10/11/17 Padra Vadodara
SW8 PondVadu 12/11/17 Padra Vadodara
3.10.3 Surface Water Quality (Primary data)
Surface water samples were collected from Mahiriver and ponds of
Gametha, Abhol, Muval, Gajana, Piludra, Masar, Vadu. Analysis of the
same is given in Table 3.20.The results have been compared with the
drinking water quality standards specified in IS: 10500-2012. It was
observed that all the physic-chemical parameters and heavy metals except
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turbidity from surface water samples are below stipulated drinking water
standards& it is suitable for domestic purposes after filtration.
3.10.4 Ground Water Quality
Groundwater is one of the sources of drinking water in the area. Besides, it
is an important source of water for the agricultural and the industrial
sector. The results of the ground water quality monitored during the study
period are given in Table 3.19.
3.10.5 Interpretation
The samples were taken as grab samples and analyzed for various
parameters of ground water. Sampling location is shown in Figure
3.9.The results are shown in Table 3.19.
Color: All the samples were found colorless.
pH: All the samples meet the desirable standards (pH ranges from 7.25-
7.7).
Total Dissolved Solids (TDS):TDS in samples ranges from 1298 mg/L
(Muval) to 3118 mg/L (Tithor). Samples of Karkhadi, Dudhvada, Tithor,
and Chokari does not meet the permissible limit of 2000 mg/L TDS.
Calcium: Calcium contents in the water ranges from 47 mg/L (Muval) to
95 mg/L (Dudhvada), all the samples meet the permissible limit of 200
mg/L, (Permissible Limit in the Absence of Alternate Source).
Magnesium: Magnesium content in the water ranges from 40 mg/L
(Muval) to 79mg/L (Dudhvada). All the samples meet the permissible limit
of 100 mg/L (Permissible Limit in the Absence of Alternate Source).
Sulfate: Sulfate content in the water ranges from 78 mg/L (Muval) to
174mg/L (Dudhvada). All the samples meet the permissible limit of 400
mg/L for drinking water (Permissible Limit in the Absence of Alternate
Source).
Fluoride: Fluoride content in the water ranges from 0.49 mg/L (Dabka) to
0.81 mg/L (Muval). All the samples meet the permissible limit (1.5 mg/L).
Total Alkalinity: Total alkalinity in the water samples ranges from 328
mg/L (Dabka) to 385 mg/L (Muval). All the samples are within the
permissible limit of drinking water (600 mg/L) (Permissible Limit in the
Absence of Alternate Source).
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Other Parameters: Potassium (ranges from 71 mg/L to 116 mg/L),
Sodium (ranges from 385 mg/L to 981 mg/L) and Chloride (ranges from
618 mg/L to 1619 mg/L).Samples of Karkhadi, Dudhvada, Tithor, and
Chokari do not meet the permissible limit of 1000 mg/L Chlorides.
Heavy metals like copper, lead, chromium and zinc are well below the
limit in all samples.
3.10.6 Conclusion
The results have been compared with the drinking water quality standards
specified in IS: 10500-2012 & meet the permissible limit set by the
authority (BIS). Indian Standard specification for drinking water is given in
Table 3.21. Samples of Karkhadi, Dudhvada, Tithor, and Chokari may not
be considered fit for drinking purpose.
CPCB report – “Report on Groundwater Pollution in Luna, Dudhwada,
Piludara area near Vadodara, Gujarat” Published on July 2016 has reported
Groundwater Pollution in this area. Village Dudhvada (mentioned in the
CPCB report) falls within the study area of 10-km radius. The report is
attached herewith in Annexure-XII (Page no: A-128).
3.11 NOISE ENVIRONMENT
Noise can be defined as an unwanted sound. The definition of noise as
unwanted sound implies that it has an adverse effect on human beings and
their environment. The noise level variation can be temporal, spatial. It
interferes with speech and hearing and is intense enough to damage
hearing or is otherwise annoying. Noise can also disturb natural wildlife
and ecological system. It is therefore, necessary to measure both the
quality as well as the quantity of noise in and around the proposed site.
3.11.1 Instrument used for Sampling and Monitoring
The intensity of sound energy in the environment is measured in a
logarithmic scale and is expressed in a decibel, dB(A) scale. Sound Level
Meter (SLM) is used for the collection of data related to noise at an interval
of one hour. The day noise levels have been monitored during 6:00 am to
10:00 pm and night noise levels during 10:00 pm to 6:00 am at all the
eight locations. Noise levels recorded at each station are computed for
equivalent noise levels. Noise monitoring methodology is given in below
Table 3.8.
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Table 3.8 Monitoring Methodology of Noise
Environment
Component
Sampling
Location
Test method Instrument
used
Make
Ambient
Noise level
08
Locations
As per manufacturers
Manual
Sound Level
Meter
Mextech-
SL-4012
3.11.2 Noise Quality Monitoring Locations
The noise survey was conducted to assess the background noise levels in
different zones. Noise level measurements have been made at 8 locations
within the study area using Sound Level Meter. Based on the Gazettes
Notification (S.O. 123(E)) of MoEF dated February 14, 2000 on ambient air
quality standards, 8 monitoring locations were selected. The noise
monitoring locations& its results are given in Figure 3.10 & Table
3.22respectively.
3.11.3 Ambient Noise Standards
Ministry of Environment & Forests (MoEF) has notified the noise standards
vide Gazette Notification dated February 14, 2000 for different zones viz.
industrial, commercial, residential and silence zones under the
Environment Protection Act (1986). These standards are given in Table-
3.23.
3.11.4 Results
The noise levels of various locations are given in Table 3.22. The
monitored noise level in the day time Leq (Ld) varies from 51.9to
60.4dB(A) and the night time Leq (Ln) varies from 40.1to 54.1dB(A)
within the study area. Higher noise value of 60.4dB(A) was recorded
during day time at project site& lower noise value of 40.1 dB(A) was
recorded during night time in at Chokari Village.
3.11.5 Conclusion
Based on the observations made during the studies, it is concluded that;
the noise levels recorded at various locations in the study area show
considerable fluctuations because of changes in traffic movement,
commercial and other domestic activities in the study area. Overall the
ambient noise level in the monitored locations was found to be within the
permissible limits stipulated for residential, industrial areas, silence and
commercial zone.
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3.12 SOIL ENVIRONMENT
Soils may be defined as a thin layer of earth‟s crust that serves as a
natural medium for the growth of plants. It is the unconsolidated mineral
matter that has been subjected to and influenced by genetic and
environmental factors. Soils serve as a reservoir of nutrients for plants and
crops and also provide mechanical anchorage and favorable tilth.
The objective of the soil sampling is:
To determine the baseline soil characteristics;
To monitor the impact on soil (pollutant deposition/other) in long
run.
3.12.1 Soil sampling locations
Soil quality of the study area is one of the important components for
environment impact assessment. The composite soil samples were
collected from the study area from eight locations (Project site, Karakhadi,
Dudhwada, Gametha, Tithor, Muval, Chokari, Dabka) and were analyzed
for different parameters. The location of the monitoring is given below in
Table 3.9. Results are given in Table 3.24 and depicted in Figure 3.11.
Table 3.9 Location of soil sampling
Sample
Code
Locations Address Date of
sampling
Tehsil District
S1 Near Project
site
Across the approach
road to the unit
10/11/17 Padra Vadodara
S2 Karakhadi Across Telephone
exchange
10/11/17 Padra Vadodara
S3 Dudhwada Across Gram Pancayat 11/11/17 Padra Vadodara
S4 Gametha Near Gametha pond
(towards village)
11/11/17 Padra Vadodara
S5 Tithor Near Tithor bus stop 10/11/17 Padra Vadodara
S6 Muval Near approach road to
NavsarjanKelvaniMandal
11/11/17 Padra Vadodara
S7 Chokari Across Baroda Bank 12/11/17 Padra Vadodara
S8 Dabka Near Dabka pond
behind temple
12/11/17 Padra Vadodara
3.12.2 Methodology
To understand the soil quality of the study area, analysis of all eight
locations including the project site was conducted by making suspension of
soil sample. The samples were examined forvarious physical and chemical
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characteristics in order to assess the impact on soil. Analysis was done by
using following methodology.
Table 3.10Methodology of Soil Sample analysis
Sampling
Parameters
Sample
collection
Analytical
Equipment
Methodology Remarks
Porosity
Manual
sample
Collection in
polyethylene
bags using
an Auger
- IS: 2720 Part 7 Trial pit
method
for topsoil
sample
collection;
disturbed
samples
Water holding
capacity
- -
Permeability - IS: 2720 Part 17
Moisture
content
Electronic
Balance
IS: 2720 Part 2
Texture - IS: 2720 Part 4
Particle size
Distribution
Glass wares
IS: 2720 Part 4
5% Leachate
to
be made and
analyzed as
per
APHA,
“Standard
Methods”
All method
numbers are
as
per APHA
“Standard
Methods”
(23rdedition)
Cation
Exchange
Capacity
Centrifuge IS: 2720 Part 24
(1976)
SAR
F. Photometer
(Na, K)
Titration
(Ca& Mg)
Calculation
pH pH Meter 4500 H+B
Electrical
Conductivity
Conductivity
Meter
As per IS 14767
-2000
Calcium Glass wares 3500 Ca B
Magnesium Glass wares 3500 Mg B
Sodium (Na) Flame
Photometer
3500 Na B
Potassium
Flame
Photometer
3500 K B
3.12.3 Corollaries
Physical Parameters
Particle Size: A Particle size of the different constituents (clay, silt, sand
and gravel) controls the porosity and water holding characteristic of the
soil. Clay (size<0.002 mm) amount in the soil samples ranges from 17%
to 24%; Silt (size 0.002 to 0.075 mm) in the soil samples is 21% to 26%
and Sand (size 0.075 to 0.475 mm) in the soil samples is 31% to 40%,
while Gravel (size>4.75 mm) in the soil samples is 18% to 26%. Analysis
shows that the soil has moderate water holding capacity.
Porosity: Porosity is a measure of space in between soil particles caused
by structural conditions and determined under identical conditions.
Porosity of soil samples of the study area ranges from 42.9% to 45.8%.
Water Holding Capacity (WHC): Water Holding Capacity (WHC) of soil
samples of the study area ranges between 36% to 51%.
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-18
Bulk Density: Bulk Density of soils in the study area is found to be in the
range from 1.34 to 1.41 g/cm3.
Chemical Parameters
pH: pH of soils in the study area is found to be in the range of 7.4 to 7.8.
Chloride: Chloride content in soils of the study area is found to be in the
range of 388to 456 mg/kg.
Soluble Calcium: The soluble calcium as CaCO3 in soil samples is found
to be in the range of 107 to 135 mg/kg.
Magnesium: Magnesium content in soil samples of the study area ranges
from 73 to 95 mg/kg.
Total Phosphorus: Available Phosphorus content in soil samples of the
study area ranges from 49 to 88mg/kg.
Total Nitrogen: Available nitrogen content in soil samples of the study
area is found to be in the range from 136 to 152mg/kg.
Potassium: Potassium content in soil samples of the study area is found
to be in the range from 131 to 172 mg/kg.
Sodium: Sodium content in soil samples of the study area is found to be
in the range from 387 to 423 mg/kg.
Total Organic Matter (TOM): Total organic matter content in soil
samples of the study area is found to be in the range of 1.46 to 1.86
mg/kg.
3.12.4 Conclusion
In the study area, variations in the pH value ranging from 7.4 to 7.8 which
shows that the soil is slightly alkaline in nature. Organic Matter ranges
from 1.46 to 1.86 mg/kg in the soil samples. Soil of the study area is
known to be good for cultivation. Generally, soils with low bulk density
have favorable physical conditions (porosity and permeability) whereas
those with high bulk density exhibit poor physical conditions for agriculture
crops.
3.13 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
An ecological study of the ecosystem is essential to understand the impact
of industrialization and urbanization on existing flora and fauna of the
study area.The biological study was undertaken as a part of the EIA study
report to:
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-19
Understand the present status of ecosystem prevailing in the study
area.
Compare it with past condition with the help of available data.
Predict changes in the biological environment as a result of present
activities and to suggest measures for maintaining its health.
The survey was conducted to study the flora & fauna in 10 km radius.
Some of the information was gathered from the local habitants. All the
collected data were classified to interpret the impact of pollution on the
flora and fauna of the region.
3.13.1 Period of the study
The baseline study, for the assessment of the floral and faunal biodiversity
of the terrestrial environment, within 10 km radius from the site was
conducted during October, 2017 to December, 2017.
3.13.2 Study methodology
Survey methodology was based on the flora and fauna species
identification in person, recently recorded and found in the region by the
localities. Sampling of grass species was carried out by quadrat sampling
method to examine the species distribution and its frequency in the region.
Quadrate Sampling Method:
A quadrat (or plot-based) survey is a quantitative examination of species
distribution & abundance. Quadrats are more likely to detect inconspicuous
species because a smaller area is sampled in a concentrated search. The
survey was carried out for the vegetation ground cover found in the road
edges by 1 m2 quadrat and study on the edge effect due to rapid
industrialization and urbanization.
3.13.3 Floral species in the study area
Flora is basically the plant life that is present in a particular region or
habitat at a particular time. List of flora found in the study area is
tabulated in Table 3.25.
3.13.4 Fauna in the study area
Fauna is the animal life that is present in a particular region or habitat at a
particular time. Irrespective of its unfriendly terrain, Gujarat gives shelter
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-20
to a variety of animals and birds. They live in smaller herds and thrive
mainly on wild grasses and various types of shrubs.
Faunal biodiversity with their scientific names and common names is
presented in Table 3.26.
3.14 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
An essential part of environmental study is socio-economic environment
incorporating various facts related to socio-economic conditions in the
area, which deals with the total environment. Socio economic study
includes demographic structure of the area, provision of basic amenities
viz., housing, education, health and medical services, occupation, water
supply, sanitation, communication, transportation as well as feature of
aesthetic significance such as temples, historical monuments etc. at the
baseline level. This would help in visualizing and predicting the possible
impact depending upon the nature and magnitude of the project. Socio-
economic study of an area provides a good opportunity to assess the
socioeconomic conditions of an area. This study will possibly make a
change in living and social standards of the particular area benefitted due
to the project. The gross economic production of the area will be increased
substantially due to the existence of this project. It can undoubtedly be
said that this plant will provide direct and indirect employment and
improve the infrastructural facilities and standards of living of the area.
3.14.1 Objective of the study
The objectives of this socio-economic report consist of:
To conduct socio-economic assessment study in lease Area
To help in providing better living standards.
To know the current socio-economic situation in the region to cover the
sub sectors of education, health, sanitation, water and food security.
To provide employment opportunities.
3.14.2 Land use pattern and infrastructure
The land use pattern indicates the manner in which different parts of land
in an area is being utilized or non-utilized. It is an important indicator of
environmental health; human activity and a degree of inter play between
these two. Even though the soil quality, water availability and climate have
strong influence on agriculture and vegetation, the human activity may
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-21
alter the natural environment to a large extent to suit human needs.
Unnatural land use often triggers rapid environmental deterioration and
disturbs ecological balance. In census records, major land use
classifications are; Forests, Culturable land, Culturable wasteland and area
not available for cultivation. Culturable land is further classified as:
irrigated and unirrigated. Area not available for cultivation includeslands
put to non-agriculture uses as well as barren and uncultivable lands.
The main land use in area is for dwellings, infrastructure and related
activities. However, the land use pattern for rural areas is discussed
below. The information is preliminary based on 2011 Census as depicting
in Table 3.28.Total land area is 31176 ha, out of that Irrigated area is
13400.6 ha. It constitutes 42.98% of the total land area. Land has got
irrigation facilities from tube wellwith electricity. 8759.5 ha are un-
irrigated by source and it constitutes 28.10% of total land area. The study
area consist of Cultivable wasteland is 1044 ha (3.35%). Area not
available for cultivation is 2061.7 ha & it constitute 6.61%.
3.14.3 Demographic and Socio-Economic Environment
The demographic and Socio-economic details of the study area are
discussed below. These are primarily based on census data of 2011. Data
on number of households, population as well as literacy and employment
pattern in the study area have been presented in Table-3.29. The Study
area in 10 km radius has 39 villages including project site.
The total no. of household in the villages are 33599 and the total
population is 160394 (52.38% men & 47.62% women). 69.02% of are
literate while literacy rate among women & men is 61.08% & 76.24%
respectively. 54.95% of male population is part of main worker, while only
13.82% of female population is a part of main workers. 5.27% of male
workers are marginal workers, while 13.44% of female workers are
engaged in such type of activities. 39.78% of male population and 72.74%
of female population are non-workers.
3.14.4 Living Standard and Infrastructure
In India it is not possible to setup a primary standard of living because of
wide variations in terms of income, economic conditions, social custom,
employment opportunity, pattern of spending, etc. However, availability of
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-22
amenities like education, medical, water supply, communication, road
network, electricity, etc. significantly reflects the level of development of
the area. Information on available amenities in the study area has been
extracted from census record of 2011. Total numbers of village in study
area are 39. On the basis of data presented in the Table-3.30, the status
of available amenities is discussed in following sub-sections:
Educational Facilities
As per 2011 census, there are 2 pre-primary school, there are 69 primary
schools, 14 Secondary schools, 4 Senior secondary school, 1 Degree
College of Arts, Science & Commerce and 1 Vocational Training School /ITI
in all 39 villages.
Medical Facilities
39 villages in the study area have 2 Community Health Centre, 5 Primary
Health Centre, 20 Primary Health Sub Centre, 7 Maternity and Child
Welfare Centre, 2 T.B. Clinic, 1 Hospital-Allopathic, 1 Hospital-Alternative
Medicine, 5 Dispensary, 2 Veterinary Hospital,3 Mobile Health Clinic, 1
Family Welfare Centre in study area of 10 km.
Drinking Water Supply
All the villages in the study area have two or more sources of drinking
water. Most of the villages in study area have Tap water supply in addition
to Tube Well Water (almost all). Moreover 31 villages have facility of Hand
Pump water facility, 21 have Well water facility, 13 have River/canal and
24 have Tank/pond/lake facilities.
Communication and Transport
The main mode of public transport available in the study area is by bus
service. All villages have approach to railway station as western railway
meter gauge line is passing through nearby. All of villages in the study
area is connected with Pucca road.
Post and Telegraph
As per 2011 census record out of 39 villages in study area, almost all the
villages have post office facility at doorstep & phone facility.
Power Supply
As per 2011 census record almost all the villages are getting power supply
for all purposes.
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-23
Table 3.11: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations
(Period of Monitoring: October, 2017to December, 2017)
Sr.
No.
Sampling
Location
Address Direction
w.r.t. center of
Industry
Distance
(km)
Type of
Area
1 Project site
(A1)
Survey No. 85/B,
Karakhadi
- - Industrial
2 Karakhadi
(A2)
Mr. Jignshbhai Patel‟s
house
WNW 2.01 Residential
3 Dudhwada
(A3)
Mr. Nileshbhai Patel‟s
house
W 3.70 Residential
4 Gametha
(A4)
Mr. Jentibhai
Padiyar‟s house
S 4.60 Residential
5 Tithor
(A5)
Mr. Jasubhai
Parmar‟s house
NW 4.67 Residential
6 Muval
(A6)
Mr. Kiranbhai
Chauhan‟s house
ESE 5.42 Residential
7 Chokari
(A7)
Mr. Sureshbhai
Gohil‟s house
NE 2.90 Residential
8 Dabka
(A8)
Mr. Padumal
Chauhan‟s house
NNE 6.34 Residential
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-24
Table 3.12: Ambient Air Quality Status
(Period of Monitoring: October, 2017 to December, 2017)
Sr.
No.
Sampling
Location
PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOx
Average (Min-Max) - µg/m3
1 Project site(A1) 79.5
(66.9-89.1)
38.4
(30.8-44.2)
14.1
(11.3-17.2)
16.2
(12.3-19.6)
2 Karakhadi (A2) 69.6
(62.3-77.6)
33.6
(25.1-40.3)
12.6
(10.0-15.4)
14.7
(12.1-17.3)
3 Dudhwada (A3) 69.2
(55.5-80.1)
34.9
(28.7-42.1)
12.5
(10.7-14.9)
14.7
(12.8-17.3)
4 Gametha (A4) 71.4
(67.8-78.2)
39.8
(33.6-70.3)
13.8
(11.4-15.5)
16.0
(13.1-17.6)
5 Tithor (A5) 71.7
(68.7-75.1)
39.6
(33.1-44.5)
13.5
(11.7-16.0)
15.4
(13.8-17.8)
6 Muval (A6) 69.4
(63.4-73.2)
38.9
(33.8-44.8)
13.1
(10.4-15.3)
15.4
(12.3-17.7)
7 Chokari (A7) 72.1
(68.9-77.2)
34.7
(30.8-41.2)
13.4
(10.8-15.3)
15.6
(13.2-17.6)
8 Dabka (A8) 73.2
(67.7-80.1)
37.4
(30.5-42.5)
12.4
(10.0-14.8)
14.5
(12.1-16.6)
Standard 100 60 80 80
Figure 3.2 Graphical representation of Ambient Air Quality
79.5
69.6 69.2 71.4 71.7 69.4 72.1 73.2
38.4 33.6 34.9
39.8 39.6 38.9 34.7 37.4
14.1 12.6 12.5 13.8 13.5 13.1 13.4 12.4 16.2 14.7 14.7 16 15.4 15.4 15.6 14.5
0
20
40
60
80
100
Co
nce
ntr
atio
n in
mic
rogr
am/m
3
Location
Ambient Air Quality status
PM10PM2.5SO2NOx
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-25
Table 3.13: Ambient Air Quality Status (PM10)
(Period of Monitoring: October, 2017 to December, 2017)
Average-24 Hours Unit-g/m3
Station Name Max Min 98th
Percentile
75th
Percentile
50th
Percentile
25th
Percentile
Avg SD
Project site(A1) 89.1 66.9 89.1 85.4 79.6 74.7 79.5 6.4
Karakhadi (A2) 77.6 62.3 76.2 71.8 69.9 67.9 69.6 3.4
Dudhwada (A3) 80.1 55.5 79.6 74.8 69.4 65.8 69.2 6.8
Gametha (A4) 78.2 67.8 77.9 72.5 70.8 69.8 71.4 2.9
Tithor (A5) 75.1 68.7 75.1 73.3 71.2 70.0 71.7 2.0
Muval (A6) 73.2 63.4 72.8 71.1 69.8 68.1 69.4 2.5
Chokari (A7) 77.2 68.9 76.4 73.5 71.9 70.8 72.1 2.1
Dabka (A8) 80.1 67.7 79.6 75.3 72.9 70.8 73.2 3.1
Figure 3.3 Graphical representation for PM10
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Table 3.14: Ambient Air Quality Status (PM2.5)
(Period of Monitoring: October, 2017 to December, 2017)
Average-24 Hours Unit-g/m3
Station Name Max Min 98th
Percentile
75th
Percentile
50th
Percentile
25th
Percentile
Avg. SD
Project site (A1) 44.2 30.8 43.9 40.9 38.6 36.7 38.4 3.7
Karakhadi (A2) 40.3 25.1 40.1 36.0 33.6 30.8 33.6 3.9
Dudhwada (A3) 42.1 28.7 41.7 38.1 34.9 31.2 34.9 4.3
Gametha (A4) 70.3 33.6 58.5 40.0 38.7 36.7 39.8 7.2
Tithor (A5) 44.5 33.1 43.7 41.2 39.8 38.6 39.6 2.7
Muval (A6) 44.8 33.8 44.5 40.7 38.7 37.2 38.9 3.0
Chokari (A7) 41.2 30.8 40.2 36.5 34.8 32.3 34.7 2.8
Dabka (A8) 42.5 30.5 42.1 40.2 38.0 35.1 37.4 3.3
Figure 3.4 Graphical representation for PM2.5
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-27
Table 3.15: Ambient Air Quality Status (SO2)
(Period of Monitoring: October, 2017 to December, 2017)
Average-24 Hours Unit-g/m3
Station Name Max Min 98th
Percentile
75th
Percentile
50th
Percentile
25th
Percentile
Avg SD
Project site (A1) 17.2 11.3 16.9 14.8 14.4 13.1 14.1 1.4
Karakhadi (A2) 15.4 10.0 14.9 13.3 12.9 11.7 12.6 1.3
Dudhwada (A3) 14.9 10.7 14.4 13.1 12.5 11.8 12.5 1.0
Gametha (A4) 15.5 11.4 15.5 14.9 14.0 12.9 13.8 1.2
Tithor (A5) 16.0 11.7 15.6 14.0 13.4 12.8 13.5 1.0
Muval (A6) 15.3 10.4 15.1 14.2 13.1 12.4 13.1 1.3
Chokari (A7) 15.3 10.8 15.1 14.1 13.7 12.8 13.4 1.1
Dabka (A8) 14.8 10.0 14.5 13.4 12.6 11.7 12.4 1.3
Figure 3.5 Graphical representations for SO2
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Table 3.16: Ambient Air Quality Status (NOx)
(Period of Monitoring: October, 2017 to December, 2017)
Average-24 Hours Unit-g/m3
Station Name Max Min 98th
Percentile
75th
Percentile
50th
Percentile
25th
Percentile
Avg SD
Project site (A1) 19.6 12.3 19.5 17.4 16.2 15.0 16.2 1.9
Karakhadi (A2) 17.3 12.1 16.9 15.6 14.9 13.7 14.7 1.3
Dudhwada (A3) 17.3 12.8 16.8 15.5 14.9 13.8 14.7 1.1
Gametha (A4) 17.6 13.1 17.5 17.0 16.3 15.1 16.0 1.2
Tithor (A5) 17.8 13.8 17.5 16.2 15.3 14.7 15.4 1.1
Muval (A6) 17.7 12.3 17.4 16.1 15.5 14.6 15.4 1.2
Chokari (A7) 17.6 13.2 17.3 16.4 15.7 15.1 15.6 1.1
Dabka (A8) 16.6 12.1 16.5 15.5 14.6 13.8 14.5 1.3
Figure 3.6 Graphical representations for NOx
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-29
Table 3.17: Ambient Air Quality Status
(VOCs, HC (Methane & non-Methane), CO, NH3, HCl & Cl2)
(Period: October, 2017 to December, 2017)
Station Name Hydro Carbon (g/m3) CO
(g/m3)
NH3
(g/m3)
HCl
(g/m3)
Cl2
(g/m3) Methane Non-Methane
Project site(A1) 53 1054 1107 12.4 BDL BDL
Karakhadi (A2) 60 957 1017 BDL BDL BDL
Dudhwada (A3) 53 937 990 BDL BDL BDL
Gametha (A4) 55 1048 1103 BDL BDL BDL
Tithor (A5) 36 972 1008 BDL BDL BDL
Muval (A6) 44 1006 1050 BDL BDL BDL
Chokari (A7) 41 1077 1118 BDL BDL BDL
Dabka (A8) 50 1051 1101 BDL BDL BDL
Station Name VOCs as BTX (g/m3)
Benzene Xylene Toluene Total BTX
Project site (A1) 0.21 0.35 0.12 0.68
Karakhadi (A2) 0.33 0.26 BDL 0.59
Dudhwada (A3) 0.34 0.22 0.18 0.74
Gametha (A4) 0.20 0.17 BDL 0.37
Tithor (A5) 0.31 0.17 BDL 0.48
Muval (A6) 0.12 0.18 BDL 0.30
Chokari (A7) 0.18 0.20 BDL 0.38
Dabka (A8) 0.14 0.13 BDL 0.27
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-30
Table 3.18: National Ambient Air Quality Standards
(EP, 7th amendment rules-2009)
Pollutants Time-weighted average
Concentration in ambient air
Industrial, Residential, Rural and
others area
Ecologically Sensitive area (Notified by
Central Government)
Method of Measurement
Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), µg/m3
Annual Average*
50 20 Improved west and Gaeke
Ultraviolet fluorescence
24 hours** 80 80
Oxides of Nitrogen as (NO2), µg/m3
Annual Average*
40 30 Modified Jacob &Hochheiser
(Na-Arsenate) Chemiluminescence
24 hours** 80 80
Particulate Matter (Size less than 10 µm or PM10, µg/m3
Annual Average*
60 60 Gravimetric TOEM Beta attenuation 24 hours** 100 100
Particulate
Matter(Size less than 2.5 µm or PM2.5, µg/m3
Annual
Average*
40 40 Gravimetric
TOEM Beta attenuation 24 hours** 60 60
Ozone (O3) µg/m3
8 hours ** 100 100 UV photometric Chemiluminescence Chemical Method
1hours** 180 180
Lead (Pb) µg/m3
Annual Average*
0.50 0.50 AAS/ICP method after sampling on EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper
ED-XRF using Teflon
filter
24 hours** 1.0 1.0
CarbonMonoxide (CO)mg/m3
8 hours** 02 02 Non Dispersive Infra Red (NDIR) spectroscopy
1 hour** 04 04
Ammonia (NH3) µg/m3
Annual Average*
100 100 Chemiluminescence Indophenol Blue
Method 24 hours** 400 400
Benzene (C6H6) µg/m3
Annual* 05 05 Gas chromatography based continuous
analyzer Adsorption and
desorption followed by GC analysis
Benzo(a)Pyrine
(BaP)-particulate phase only,µg/m3
Annual* 01 01 Solvent extraction
followed by HPLC/GC analysis
Arsenic (As), µg/m3
Annual* 06 06 AAS/ICP method after sampling on EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper
Nickel (Ni) µg/m3
Annual* 20 20 AAS/ICP method after sampling on EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper
* Annual Arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken twice a week 24 hourly at uniform interval.
** 24 hourly/8 hourly or 01 hourly values, as applicable, shall be complied with 98% of the time in a year. 2% of the time, they may exceed the limits but not
two consecutive days of monitoring.
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-31
Table 3.19: Results of Groundwater Quality in the Study Area (Date of Sampling: 10/11/2017 to 12/11/2017)
Parameters Unit CONCENTRATION
Project site (GW1)
Karkhadi (GW2)
Dudhvada (GW3)
Gametha (GW4)
Tithor (GW5)
Muval (GW6)
Chokari (GW7)
Dabka (GW8)
pH (pH Unit) 7.5 7.3 7.5 7.7 7.5 7.25 7.6 7.5
Color (H. Units) Colorless Colorless Colorless Colorless Colorless Colorless Colorless Colorless
Odour -- Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable
Conductivity M.mhos/cm 2625 5585 3465 2035 4520 1880 4110 2530
Total Hardness mg/L 378 324 563 370 473 282 413 326
Chlorides mg/L 865 1473 1172 685 1619 618 1193 886
Sulphate mg/L 105 112 174 109 155 78 95 96
Alkalinity mg/L 365 348 362 354 369 385 345 328
TDS mg/L 1814 2856 2415 1405 3118 1298 2295 1750
Sodium mg/L 565 941 736 428 981 385 735 531
Potassium mg/L 91 76 71 73 116 78 83 87
Calcium mg/L 82 59 95 69 79 47 78 63
Magnesium mg/L 42 43 79 48 67 40 53 41
Manganese mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Iron mg/L 0.68 0.48 0.51 0.29 0.31 0.41 0.28 0.32
Copper mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Nitrate mg/L 10.8 18.5 18.5 17.1 18.1 19.6 17.7 15.8
Fluoride mg/L 0.75 0.66 0.59 0.57 0.53 0.81 0.65 0.49
PhenolicCompounds mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Mercury mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
Cadmium mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.001
Selenium mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Arsenic mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.03
Cyanide mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Lead mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.02
Zinc mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.005
Chromium mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Aluminum mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Boron mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
%Sodium % 71.2 82.8 70.8 66.6 77.3 65.8 75.3 72.4
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-32
Table 3.20: Surface Water analysis of study area (Date of Sampling: 10/11/2017 to 12/11/2017)
Parameters Unit CONCENTRATION Test Method
(Ref to IS) River Mahi
(SW1)
Gametha
(SW2)
Abhol
(SW3)
Muval
(SW4)
Gajana
(SW5)
Piludra
(SW6)
Masar
(SW7)
Vadu
(SW8)
pH pH Unit 7.8 7.4 7.6 7.8 7.4 7.6 7.5 7.8 3025 (Part 11)
Temperature 0C 28 28 29 30 28 29 28 28 --
Conductivity Micro mhos/cm
1915 930 730 960 732 745 720 695 3025 (Part 14)
Turbidity NTU 18.0 19.8 15.4 16.8 11.9 17.7 14.2 16.3 3025 (Part 10)
TDS mg/L 1342 644 504 665 510 518 502 488 3025 (Part 16)
Dissolved Oxygen mg/L 4.5 4.1 4.5 4.6 4.9 5.7 5.2 4.7 --
Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/L 295 183 174 209 237 212 187 168 3025 (Part 21)
Total Alkalinity mg/L 292 242 263 298 240 262 276 255 3025 (Part 23)
Sodium as Na+ mg/L 418 215 159 206 152 182 165 174 3025(Part 45)
Potassium K+ mg/L 46 26 30 34 28 22 39 28 3025(Part 45)
Calcium Ca+2 mg/L 49 24 27 36 34 29 22 26 3025 (Part 40)
Magnesium Mg+2 mg/L 42 30 26 29 37 34 32 25 3025 (Part 46)
Chlorides as Cl- mg/L 672 276 204 286 223 232 216 196 3025 (Part 32)
Sulfates as SO4-2 mg/L 56 38 35 42 52 42 46 52 3025 (Part 24)
Nitrates as NO3-3 mg/L 12 10 12 16 10.1 9.5 7.9 11.3 3025 (Part 34)
Arsenic as As mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 3025 (Part 37)
Cadmium as Cd mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 3025 (Part 41)
Copper as Cu mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 3025 (Part 42)
Lead as Pb mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 3025 (Part 47)
Iron as Fe mg/L 0.24 0.14 0.12 0.19 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.19 3025 (Part 53)
Total Chromium mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 3025 (Part 52)
Zinc as Zn mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 3025 (Part 49)
Nickle as Ni mg/L 0.16 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 3025 (Part 54)
Total Coliform MPN/ml 17 42 48 56 52 46 60 42 IS: 5401 (P-I)
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-33
Table 3.21: Indian Standard Specification for Drinking Water
Sr. No.
Parameters Desirable Limit
Permissible Limit in the
Absence of Alternate
Source
I Essential Characteristics
1. Colour, Hazen Units, Max. 5 25
2. Odour Unobjectionable -
3. Taste Agreeable -
4. Turbidity, NTU, Max. 5 10
5. pH 6.5-8.5 No Relaxation
6. Total Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/l, Max. 300 600
7. Iron (as Fe) mg/l, Max. 0.3 1.0
8. Chlorides (as Cl) mg/l, Max. 250 1000
9. Residual Free Chlorine, mg/l, Min. 0.20* -
II Desirable Characteristics
10. Dissolved Solids, mg/l, Max. 500 2000
11. Alkalinity (as CaCO3), mg/l, Max. 200 600
12. Sulphate (as SO4) mg/l, Max. 200 400
13. Nitrate (as NO3) 45 100
14. Fluoride (as F) mg/l, Max. 1.0 1.5
15. Calcium (as Ca) mg/l, Max. 75 200
16. Magnesium (as Mg) mg/l, Max. 30 100
17. Copper (as Cu) mg/l, Max. 0.05 1.5
18. Manganese (as Mn) mg/l, Max. 0.1 0.3
19. Mercury (as Hg) mg/l, Max. 0.001 No Relaxation
20. Cadmium (as Cd) mg/l, Max. 0.01 No Relaxation
21. Selenium (as Se) mg/l, Max. 0.01 No Relaxation
22. Arsenic (As As) mg/l, Max. 0.05 No Relaxation
23. Cyanide (as CN) mg/l, Max. 0.05 No Relaxation
24. Lead (as Pb) mg/l, Max. 0.05 No Relaxation
25. Zinc (as Zn) mg/l, Max. 5 15
26. Aluminium (as Al) mg/l, Max. 0.03 0.2
27. Boron (as B) mg/l, Max. 1 5
28. Chromium (as Cr) mg/l, Max. 0.05 No Relaxation
29. Phenolic Compounds (as C6H5OH) mg/l,
Max.
0.001 0.002
30. Anionic Detergents (as MBAS) mg/l, Max. mg/l, Max.
0.2 1.0
31. Mineral Oil mg/l, Max. 0.01 0.03
32. Pesticides Absent 0.001
33. Radioactive Materials a. Alpha Emitters, Bq/I, Max.
b. Beta Emitters, Pci/I, Max
-
-
0.1
0.037
Note: * Applicable only when water is chlorinated
Source: IS: 10500, 2012
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-34
Table 3.22: Ambient Noise Levels in the Study Area
(Date of Monitoring: 10/11/2017 to 12/11/2017)
Sr.
No.
Noise Monitoring Locations Ld/Ln Average Noise
levels in dB (A)
1 Project site (N1) Ld 60.4
Ln 54.1
2 Primary School
Karkhadi (N2)
Ld 53.0
Ln 41.4
3 Bus stop of Dudhvada (N3) Ld 56.4
Ln 42.5
4 Nr. Panchayat office
Gametha (N4)
Ld 52.3
Ln 40.8
5 Tithor (N5) Ld 51.9
Ln 42.0
6 Nr. Panchayat office
Muval (N6)
Ld 53.6
Ln 41.8
7 Chokari (N7) Ld 53.4
Ln 40.1
8 Nr. Primary School Dabka (N8)
Ld 54.9
Ln 41.7
Table 3.23
Ambient Air Quality Standards with respect to Noise
Zone Limits Leq, dB(A)
Day Time Night Time
Industrial 75 70
Commercial 65 55
Residential 55 45
Silence 50 40
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-35
Table 3.24: Soil Analysis of Study area
(Date of Sampling: 10/11/2017 to 12/11/2017)
S.
No.
Parameters Unit Project
site (S1)
Karkhadi
(S2)
Dudhvada
(S3)
Gametha
(S4)
Tithor
(S5)
Muval
(S6)
Chokari
(S7)
Dabka
(S8)
1. pH (5%)Solution 7.5 7.4 7.8 7.7 7.5 7.6 7.6 7.8
2. Loss of Ignition % 6.4 5.9 6.0 6.0 5.7 5.6 7.1 6.8
3. Particle Size
Clay (< 0.002 mm) % 22 17 18 24 17 20 22 19
Silt (0.002 to 0.075 mm) % 26 23 25 24 23 23 21 23
Sand (0.075-0.475 mm % 32 34 32 31 40 39 38 37
gravel (size > 4.75 mm) % 20 26 25 21 20 18 19 21
4. Water Holding Capacity % 46 44 41 43 46 49 51 36
5. Permeability cm/hr 3.12 3.00 2.86 2.98 2.95 3.05 2.91 3.06
6. Bulk Density g/cm3 1.38 1.35 1.34 1.39 1.34 1.36 1.41 1.39
7. Porosity % 44.1 45.3 45.7 43.7 45.8 44.9 42.9 43.7
8. Cation Exchange Capacity meq/
100 gm
3.51 3.55 3.30 3.27 3.52 3.49 3.56 3.60
9. Sodium mg/kg 411 408 387 389 395 392 412 423
10. Potassium mg/kg 131 141 139 136 151 163 172 165
11. Calcium mg/kg 129 125 107 124 129 132 135 127
12. Magnesium mg/kg 89 95 87 73 92 85 78 84
13. Chlorides mg/kg 456 452 421 425 433 429 392 388
14. Sulphates mg/kg 159 154 149 145 140 137 140 143
15. Organic Matter mg/kg 1.71 1.56 1.79 1.63 1.59 1.61 1.46 1.86
16. Available Nitrogen mg/kg 150 152 149 152 139 144 136 149
17. Available Phosphorus mg/kg 83 88 82 85 75 51 49 63
18. Iron as Fe mg/kg 5.5 4.4 4.3 3.5 4.6 6.4 5.9 5.2
19. Zinc as Zn mg/kg 9.4 5.6 6.2 7.9 5.7 7.3 8.1 6.1
20. Sodium Absorption Ratio Meq/100
gm
6.79 6.67 6.70 6.82 6.46 6.52 6.96 7.12
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-36
Table 3.25
Floral Diversity
(A) Trees
Scientific Name Family Vernacular Name
Acacia Nilotica Fabaceae Bawal
Acacia Tortilis Fabaceae Israeli Bawal
Ailanthus Excelsa Simaroubiaceae Mahanimb
AlangiumSalvifolium Alangiaceae Ankol
AlbiziaLebbeck Fabaceae Siras
Azadirachtaindica Meliaceae Neem
Borassusflabellifer Arecaceae Tad
ButeaMonosperma Fabaceae Palas
Calotropisprocera Asclepiadaceae Akauwa
Cassia Fistula Fabaceae Amaltas
Cassia Siamea Fabaceae Seemia
Cassia Tora Fabaceae Chirota
CommiphoraMukul Burseraceae Guggal
CordiaDichotoma Ehretiaceae Gundi
Cordiamyxa Boraginaceae Pidar
Dalbergiasissoo Papilionoideae Shisham
Delonixelata Caesalpiniaceae Gulmohar
Emblicaofficinalis Euphorbiaceae Amla
Eucalyptus Tereticornis Myrtaceae Nilgiri
Ficusbengalesis Moraceae Vad
Ficusmicrocarpa Moraceae Banyan
Ficusreligiosa Moraceae Pipal
MangiferaIndica Anacardiaceae Ambo
ManilkaraZapota Sapotaceae Chikoo
Moringaoleifera Moringaceae Sargvo
Phoenix Sylvestris Arecaceae Khajoor
Pithecellobiumdulce Fabaceae Gorasamli
Pongamiapinnata Fabaceae Karanj
Prosopis Cineraria Fabaceae Sumri
ProsopisJuliflora Fabaceae VilayatiBawal
Sapindusemarginatus Sapindaceae Aritha
Syzygiumcumini Myrtaceae Jamun
TamarindusIndica Fabaceae Amli
Tectonagrandis Verbenaceae Sagwan
TerminaliaCatappa Combretaceae Almond
ZiziphusMauritiana Rhamnaceae Bor
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-37
(B) Shrubs
Scientific Name Family Vernacular Name
Acacia Caesia Fabaceae Palinja
Acacia Catechu Mimosoideae Khair
Acacia Torta Mimosaceae Alia
Adhatodavasica Acanthaceae Adusa
Annonasquamosa Annonaceae Sitafal
AzimaTetracantha Salvadoraceae Piludi
Calotropisprocera Asclepiadaceae Aak
CapparisCarandas Apocynaceae Karaunda
Carica Papaya Caricaceae Papaya
Cassia Auriculata Caesalpiniaceae Anwal
Cassia Tora Ceasalpinoideae Tarota
DaturaStramonium Solanaceae Datura
Euphorbia Neriifolia Euphorbiaceae Thor
LawsoniaInermis Lythraceae Hina
Murraya Exotica Rutaceae Madhukamini
Nariumindicum Apocynaceae Karne
Ocimum Sanctum Lamiaceae Tulsi
Ricinuscommunis Euphorbiaceae Arandi
Rosa Chinensis Rosaceae Rose
SennaAuriculata Fabaceae Avaram
SesbaniaGrandiflora Fabaceae Agati
ZizyphusMauritiana Rhamnaceae Bordi
(C) Herbs
Scientific Name Family Vernacular Name
Adhatodavasica Acanthaceae Adusa
AlysicarpusRugosus Fabaceae Chainpea
AmaranthusViridis Amaranthaceae Amaranth
AnisomelesIndica Lamiaceae Indian Catmint
Annonasquamosa Annonaceae Sitafal
BiophytumReinwardii Oxalidaceae Lajwanti
BothriochloaPertusa Poaceae Bluegrass
Carica Papaya Caricaceae Papaya
Croton Bonplandianum Euphorbiaceae Tulsi
DactylocteniumAegyptium Poaceae Crowfoot Grass
Daturametel Solanaceae Datura
DesmostachyaBipinnata Poaceae Daabh
EchinopsEchinatus Asteraceae Shuliyo
Euphorbia Hirta Euphorbiaceae Asthma Weed
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-38
Euphorbia Tirucalli Euphorbiaceae Saptala
HeteropogonContortus Poaceae Tanglehead
Jatrophagossypifolia Euphorbiaceae Ratanjyot
LagasceaMollis Asteraceae Silk Leaf
Lantana Camara Verbenaceae Raimunia
Murraya Exotica Rutaceae Madhukamini
Nariumindicum Apocynaceae Karne
Ocimum Sanctum Lamiaceae Tulsi
OldenlandiaUmbellata Rubiaceae Chay Root
Pedalium Murex Pedaliacae KadvaGokhru
PhyllanthusAmarus Euphorbiaceae Jar-Amla
Punicagranatum Puniacaceae Dadam
Ricinuscommunis Euphorbiaceae Arandi
SalichorniaBrachiata Amaranthaceae Glasswort
TaraxacumOfficianale Asteraceae Dandelion
Xanthium Indicum Asteraceae Cocklebur
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-39
Table 3.26
Faunal Biodiversity
(A) List of Terrestrial & Aquatic Birds in the Study Area
Scientific Name Common Name
AcridotheresGinginianus Bank Myna
AcridotheresTristis Common Myna
AlcedoAtthis Kingfisher
AnasPoecilorhyncha Duck
ApusApus Common Swift
ArdeaCinerea Grey Heron
ArdeolaGrayii Indian Heron
AtheneBrama Spotted Owlet
Bubulcus Ibis Cattle Egret
CentropusSinensis Greater Coucal
CeryleRudis Kingfisher
CetntropusSinensis Coucal
Columba Livia Rock Pigeon
CorvusCorax Common Raven
CorvusMacrorhynchos Jungle Crow
CorvusSplendens House Crow
DendrocittaVagabunda Rufoustreepie
DicrurusMacrocercus Black Drongo
EgrettaGarzetta Little Egret
ElanusCaeruleus Kite
EremoptrixGrisea Sparrow-Lark
EudynamysScolopacea Asian Koel
FrancolinusPondicerianus Grey Francolin
Halcyon Smyrnensis White Kingfisher
HimantopusHimantopus Black-Winged Stilt
MeropsPersicus Bee-Eater
MotacillaMaderaspatensis White-Browed Wagtail
MycteriaLeucocephala Painted Stork
Nectarinia Minima Sunbird
Passer Domesticus Sparrow
PavoCristatus Peafowl
PhalacrocoraxFuscicollis Cormorant
PseudibisPapillosa Black Ibis
PsittaculaKrameri Parakeet
PycnonotusCafer Bulbul
SaxicoloidesFulicata Indian Robin
SpilopeliaSenegalensis Dove
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-40
StreptopeLiachinensis Spotted Dove
StreptopeliaDecaocto Eurasian Collared Dove
TurdoidesCaudatus Babbler
TurdoidesStriatus Jungle Babbler
VanellusIndicus Lapwing
(B) List of Mammals and Reptiles in the Study Area
Scientific Name Common Name
AhaetullaNasuta Green Vine Snake
BungarusCaeruleus Common Krait
CalotesVersicolor Garden Lizard
Canis Lupus Familiaris Indian Pariah Dog
FelisChaus Jungle Cat
FunambulusPennantii Palm Squirrel
HemidactylusFlaviviridis Gecko
HerpestesEdwardsii Mongoose
LepusNigricollis Indian Hare
MusBooduga Field Mouse
NajaNaja Cobra
Presbytis Entellus Monkey
Ptyas Mucosa Dhaman
RattusRattus Rat
Semnopithecus Entellus Langur
TateraIndica Indian Gerbil
VulpesBengalensis Fox
XenochrophisPiscator Keelback
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-41
Table 3.27
Traffic Survey
TRAFFIC SHEET
LOCATION Near ECP Canal Road
TIME 09.00 to 10.00 DATE 11/11/2017
TOTAL PCU calculation Total PCU/hr
TRUCKS/BUSES* 18 PCU x 3 54
CARS/VANS 50 PCU x 1 50
MOTORCYCLES / BICYCLES 136 PCU x0.5 68
Total 172
TIME 18.00 to 19.00 DATE 11/11/2017
TOTAL PCU calculation Total PCU/hr
TRUCKS/BUSES* 14 PCU x 3 42
CARS/VANS 46 PCU x 1 46
MOTORCYCLES / BICYCLES 150 PCU x0.5 75
Total 163
Note: *Mini-bus, Chartered Bus, School Bus, have been collectively classified
as Buses.
Additional traffic from our project will be estimated 36 PCU/day [12
trucks/tankers (in & out) x 3] and 25 PCU/day from car and motorcycle,
which have insignificant impact on existing traffic load.
Existing Traffic Scenario and Level of Services
The ECP Canal Road is single track road, all types of vehicles move on the road.
Capacity of road as per IRC = 625 PCU‟s/hr
Total Volume during Peak Hours = 172
Existing Volume/Capacity ratio = 172/625= 0.28
The level of service is “B” that is Very Good
LEVEL OF SERVICE
Sr. No.
Existing Volume/Capacity Ratio
Level of Services
1. 0.0 to 0.2 “A” (Excellent)
2. 0.2 to 0.4 “B” (Very Good)
3. 0.4 to 0.6 “C” (Good)
4. 0.6 to 0.8 “D” (Fair)
5. 0.8 to 1.0 “E” (Poor)
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-42
Table 3.28Land Use Pattern
Name of Village Total Area
of the
Village
(ha)
Irrigated
by source
(ha)
Un-
irrigated
(ha)
Cultivable
waste
(ha)
Area not
available for
cultivation
(ha)
Gambhira 1567.1 583 712 0 127
Sultanpura 299.0 65.3 66.2 0 8.7
Mahuvad 482.5 390.2 31.1 0 6.4
Kural 561.7 115.6 350.6 0 68.4
Pindapa 689.9 310 346 0 0
Mobha 1329 666 451 0 14
Jalalpur 426.2 255 110 0 45
Bhoj 1153 710 306.4 0 123.2
Karnakuva 152.8 105 33.8 0 10.4
Dhobikuwa 196.9 129 50 0 0.2
Mujpur 888.8 345 300 0 65
Pavda 563.2 250.2 180.4 21.4 5.8
Chokari 1380.1 380.1 98.9 10.3 0
Somjipura 252.2 197.1 24.1 1.8 1.3
Sandha 336.7 280 34 16.6 2.1
Majatan 456.7 77.8 336.7 0 5.3
Vishrampura 234.9 170 40 0 1
Lola 119.7 74 24 0 13
Chitral 371.7 229 98 0 3
Gavasad 946.9 755 74 0 104
Gametha 343.1 160 129 0 13
Muval 781.1 375 296 9 2
Dudhwada 614.5 452 105 0 0
Brahmanvasi 590.9 250 249 0 6
Masar 1361.4 840 374 0 13
Dabka 1906.3 650.8 363.3 150.3 100
Vadu 874 480 330.7 2.1 9.2
Dhobikuwa 196.9 129 50 0 0.2
Tithor 2462 340.6 340.6 692.8 260
Narsipura 266.9 195 26 2 28
Kareli 2151.7 718 614.5 12 20.9
Piludara 720.6 150 468.1 24.1 0
Karkhadi 1659.5 732 205.4 0 184.8
Kahanava 973 600 261.6 0.4 0
Mahmadpura 1029.6 300 298 100 194
Gajana 1088.9 335.9 71.1 1.2 586.8
Kalyankui 213.8 95 93 0 12
Sadra 783.9 170 527 0 20
Abhol 748.9 340 290 0 8
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-43
Table: 3.29 Summary of Socio-economic status of Study area (Demography)
Name of the
Village/
Town/
Ward
No. of
Occupied
Residential
House
Total Population
(Including
institutional and
houseless
population)
Literates Total main
Workers
Cultivator
s
Agricultural
Laborer
Marginal
Workers
Non-
Worker
P M F M F M F M F M F M F M F
Gambhira 1595 7939 4202 3737 3460 2461 2233 807 273 544 723 26 1111 232 1696 2386
Sultanpura 75 298 160 138 126 83 97 69 4 4 5 - 47 63 59 65
Mahuvad 534 2564 1336 1228 1024 759 635 60 109 32 126 5 198 23 592 1136
Kural 569 2659 1416 1243 1140 834 858 119 49 38 131 13 391 64 509 1086
Pindapa 302 1572 828 744 681 497 477 51 19 17 75 6 269 31 332 676
Mobha 973 4796 2481 2315 1805 1361 1432 429 59 58 208 12 667 332 990 1828
Jalalpur 434 2069 1064 1005 852 706 668 40 19 40 230 6 294 64 377 925
Bhoj 1403 7072 3658 3414 2641 1888 2035 394 90 60 622 9 1198 323 1533 2960
Karnakuva 283 1289 667 622 516 372 389 185 7 99 88 2 271 179 271 338
Dhobikuwa 710 3392 1739 1653 1395 1108 713 76 218 133 232 12 310 45 808 1444
Mujpur 1923 9410 4887 4523 3759 2559 2259 445 538 1571 583 13 1154 347 2090 2507
Pavda 453 2113 1130 983 852 609 576 141 107 236 188 5 315 126 447 606
Chokari 1811 8884 4706 4178 3336 2170 2738 239 253 1417 535 25 1776 116 1715 2522
Somjipura 518 2480 1292 1188 1020 742 748 180 4 2 109 9 322 158 540 1006
Sandha 531 2600 1349 1251 1024 740 785 156 10 237 287 2 464 152 554 858
Majatan 629 3288 1704 1584 1301 972 847 251 91 102 230 28 417 144 766 1231
Vishrampura 606 2997 1538 1459 1242 975 859 375 37 147 238 20 375 199 642 937
Lola 270 1535 805 730 637 471 502 41 8 5 238 10 166 26 295 684
Chitral 351 1728 885 843 683 512 455 59 58 66 128 4 231 49 372 718
Gavasad 780 3613 1886 1727 1483 1166 1049 157 47 21 203 12 480 119 790 1549
Gametha 762 3759 1967 1792 1473 1082 1049 114 185 706 403 12 411 88 733 972
Muval 903 4164 2177 1987 1685 1271 1265 207 8 18 344 18 418 149 904 1762
Dudhwada 460 1854 1001 853 853 653 667 139 13 15 162 4 239 60 321 699
Brahmanvasi 430 2175 1146 1029 818 592 575 219 146 166 287 25 208 182 425 644
Masar 764 3552 1833 1719 1477 1178 1112 315 34 12 278 13 466 250 687 1392
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-44
Name of the
Village/
Town/
Ward
No. of
Occupied
Residential
House
Total Population
(Including
institutional and
houseless
population)
Literates Total main
Workers
Cultivator
s
Agricultural
Laborer
Marginal
Workers
Non-
Worker
P M F M F M F M F M F M F M F
Dabka 1545 7345 3963 3382 2883 1984 2108 414 141 309 165 18 1528 354 1714 2659
Vadu 1916 9626 5027 4599 3887 3024 2702 335 169 213 1040 36 1073 277 2156 4051
Dhobikuwa 710 3392 1739 1653 1395 1108 713 76 218 133 232 12 310 45 808 1444
Tithor 1078 4916 2630 2286 1881 1190 1597 559 37 282 356 12 846 504 996 1445
Narsipura 729 3447 1747 1700 1410 1090 1066 481 5 2 233 12 595 451 676 1217
Kareli 1313 5719 3007 2712 2326 1628 1740 308 153 736 661 37 656 216 1114 1668
Piludara 1045 4960 2594 2366 2009 1424 1432 220 161 507 357 13 579 114 1001 1639
Karkhadi 1100 4791 2511 2280 1928 1420 1416 364 123 272 292 25 413 256 972 1644
Kahanava 1915 8809 4662 4147 3374 2390 2794 1109 191 584 653 87 1652 860 1677 2454
Mahamadpura 323 1481 793 688 615 385 474 252 27 92 92 16 318 224 292 344
Gajana 513 2773 1422 1351 1200 1089 617 122 190 498 263 6 280 25 615 731
Kalyankui 141 627 326 301 273 219 132 9 70 42 78 4 2 1 124 250
Sadra 465 2275 1201 1074 920 654 737 98 15 39 220 9 401 77 449 937
Abhol 472 2304 1193 1111 838 550 753 297 13 4 224 11 399 269 427 810
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-45
Table 3.30: Summary of Socio-economic status of Study area (Amenities)
Name of
Village
Educational
Facility
Medical
Facility
Drinking
Water
Facility
Communication
(Post
or Telegraph)
Transportation
Facility
(Bus etc.)
Approach
to
Village
Nearest
town
Power
Supply
Gambhira P(4),S,SS(2) PHS T,HP,TW PO(<5),SPO,
PCO,PH
BS PR,FP Anklav EA
Sultanpura P,S(<5),SS(
5-10)
PHC(5-10),PHS(<5),
MCW(5-10),VH(5-10)
T,W,TW,H
P,R/C,TK
PO(<5),PH
SPO(<5),PCO
BS,RS(5-10) PR,KR,FP Padra EA
Mahuvad PP,P,S,
SS(5-10),
C(5-10)
CHC(5-
10),PHC(<5),PHS,MCW,VH(
<5),TBC(5-10),HA(5-
10),HO(5-10),
D(5-10),FWC(5-10), MCH(5-
10)
T,W,TW,
HP,R/C
SPO,PCO,PH BS,RS(<5) PR,KR,FP Padra EA
Kural P,S,
SS(5-10)
PHS(5-10),D, HO(5-
10),VH(5-10), MHC(5-10),
FWC(5-10)
T,W,HP,
TW,TK
PO(5-10),SPO,
PCO(5-10),PH
BS PR,KR,FP Jambusar
EA
Pindapa P,S(5-10),
SS(5-10)
PHC(<5),PHS(<5),
MCW(<5),D(5-10),
VH(5-10),MHC(5-10)
T,W,TW,R
/C,TK
PO(<5),SPO,
PCO(<5),PH
BS,RS(5-10) PR,KR,FP Jambusar
EA
Mobha P(3),S,SS,
C
PHC,PHS,MCW, D(5-
10),FWC,MHC
T,TW,T
K
PO,SPO,PCO,PH BS,RS PR,
KR(<5),FP
Padra EA
Jalalpur P(1),
S(5-10),
SS(5-10)
PHC(<5),PHS,
MCW(<5),D(<5), FWC(<5),
VH(5-10),MHC(5-10)
T,R/C,
TK
PO(<5),SPO,PH BS,RS(<5) PR,KR,FP Padra EA
Bhoj P(3),S,
SS(5-10)
PHC(<5),PHS,
MCW,D(<5),VH(<5),
FWC(<5),MCH(<5)
T,HP,TW,
R/C
SPO,PCO BS,RS PR,
KR(<5),FP
Padra EA
Karnakuva P,S(<5) PHS(<5), D, MCW(<5),
VH(<5),MCH(<5),FWC(<5)
T,HP,TW PO(<5),PH
SPO(<5),PCO
BS PR,KR,FP Padra EA
Dhobikuwa PP(5-10),
P(2),
C(5-10)
CHC(5-10),PHC(<5),
PHS(<5),MCW(<5),
TBC(5-10),VH(<5),
T,W,HP,
TW,R/C
PO(5-10),PH
SPO(<5),PCO
BS PR,KR,FP Padra EA
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-46
Name of
Village
Educational
Facility
Medical
Facility
Drinking
Water
Facility
Communication
(Post
or Telegraph)
Transportation
Facility
(Bus etc.)
Approach
to
Village
Nearest
town
Power
Supply
HA(5-10),D(5-10),
MHC(5-10),FWC(5-10)
Mujpur PP(5-10),
P(2),S(<5),
C (5-10),
CHC(5-10),PHC,PHS,
MCW(5-10), HA(5-10),D(5-
10) TBC(5-10),VH(5-
10),MHC(5-10), FWC(5-10)
T,W,HP,T
W,
R/C,TK
PO(5-10),PH
SPO,PCO
BS PR,
KR(<5),FP
Padra EA
Pavda P,S(5-10), PHC(5-10) W,HP,TW,
R/C,TK
PO(<5),PH,
SPO(<5),PCO
BS,RS(5-10) PR,KR,FP Padra EA
Chokari PP(5-10),
S(5-10)
PHC(5-10),PHS, MCW(5-
10),D, VH(5-10), MHC(5-10)
T,W,HP,T
W,R/C,TK
PO(<5),SPO,
PCO,PH
BS PR, FP
KR(5-10),
Padra EA
Somjipura P,S(<5) PHC(<5),PHS(<5),
VH(<5),MCW
T,HP,TW,
TK
PCO(5-10),PH BS PR,KR,FP Padra EA
Sandha PP(<5),P,
S(<5)
PHC(<5),PHS(<5),
MCW(<5),D(5-10), VH(5-
10),FWC(5-10), MHC(5-10)
T,W,TK PO(5-10),SPO,
PCO,PH
BS,R(5-10) PR,KR,FP Padra EA
Majatan P,S(5-10) PHC(<5), PHS(<5),
MCW(<5), D(<5),
FWC(<5),VH(5-10),MHC(5-
10)
T,W,HP,T
W,TK
PO(<5),SPO,
PCO(<5),PH
BS,RS(5-10) PR,
KR(5-10),
FP
Padra EA
Vishrampura P,S(<5),
SS(5-10)
PHS(<5),MCW(<5),D(5-
10),VH(<5), FWC(5-10)
T,TW,
TK
PO(5-10),SPO,
PCO(5-10),PH
BS,RS(5-10) PR(5-10),
KR(5-10),
FP
Padra EA
Lola P,S(<5) PHC(5-10),PHS(5-10),VH(5-
10), MCW(5-10),D(5-10),
MHC(5-10), FWC(5-10)
T,HP,TW,
TK
PH,PCO(<5),PH BS,RS(5-10) PR(<5),
KR,FP
Padra EA
Chitral P(2),S(<5),
SS(<5),
C(5-10)
PHC(5-10),PHS,
MCW(<5)
T,HP,TW SPO,PH,PCO(<5) BS,RS(5-10) PR(<5),
KR(<5),FP
Padra EA
Gavasad P,S(<5), PHC(5-10), PHS,MCW(5-10), T,TW, SPO,PH,PCO(<5) BS,RS(<5) PR,FP, Padra EA
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-47
Name of
Village
Educational
Facility
Medical
Facility
Drinking
Water
Facility
Communication
(Post
or Telegraph)
Transportation
Facility
(Bus etc.)
Approach
to
Village
Nearest
town
Power
Supply
SS(<5) VH(5-10),MHC,
FWC(5-10)
TK KR(<5)
Gametha P,S(<5),
SS(<5)
PHC(5-10),D(5-10), PHS(5-
10),MCW(<5),VH(5-
10),MHC(5-10),FWC(5-10)
T,W,HP,T
W,TK
PO(<5),SPO,
PH,PCO
BS,RS(<5) PR,FP,
KR(5-10)
Jambusar
EA
Muval P(3),S PHC,VH(5-10), PHS,MHC(5-
10), D,FWC(5-10)
T,W,HP,T
W,TK
PO(<5),SPO,
PH,PCO
BS,RS(<5) PR,KR,FP Padra EA
Dudhwada P,S(<5) PHC(<5),PHS,
MCW(<5),D(<5), VH(5-
10),MHC(<5), FWC(<5)
T,W,HP,T
W,TK
PO(<5),SPO,
PH,PCO
BS PR,KR,FP Padra EA
Brahmanvasi P,S(<5) PHC(<5), MCW(5-
10),D(<5),
MHC(<5),FWC(<5)
T,HP,TW,
TK
PO(<5),SPO,PCO BS,RS(5-10) PR,FP
KR(<5)
Jambusar EA
Masar P(3),S,SS PHS,MCW(<5), D(5-
10),VH(5-10), MHC(5-10),
FWC(5-10)
T,TW,
TK
PO,SPO,
PH(5-10),
PCO(5-10)
BS PR,KR,FP Jambusar EA
Dabka P(2),S
PHC(5-10),PHS, MCW(5-10),
VH(5-10)
T,W,HP,
TW,R/C
SPO,PH,PCO BS PR,KR,FP Padra EA
Vadu PP(1),
P(3),S
PHC,PHS,MCW,D(<5),VH,MH
C
T,HP,TW SPO,PH,PCO BS,RS(<5) PR,KR,FP Padra EA
Dhobikuwa PP(5-10),
P(2),
C(5-10)
CHC(5-10),PHC(<5),
PHS(<5),MCW(<5), TBC(5-
10),D(5-10), HA(5-
10),VH(<5), MHC(5-10),
FWC(5-10)
T,W,HP,
TW,R/C
PO(5-10),PH
SPO(<5),PCO
BS,RS(5-10) PR,KR,FP Padra EA
Tithor P(2),
S(<5)
PHC(<5),PHS,
MCW(<5),D
T,W,HP,
TW,R/C
SPO,PH,PCO BS PR(<5),
KR,FP
Padra EA
Narsipura P,S(<5) PHC(<5),PHS(<5),
MCW(<5),D(<5),
VH(<5),MHC(<5),
T,HP,
TK
SPO BS,RS(5-10) PR(<5),
KR,FP
Padra EA
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-48
Name of
Village
Educational
Facility
Medical
Facility
Drinking
Water
Facility
Communication
(Post
or Telegraph)
Transportation
Facility
(Bus etc.)
Approach
to
Village
Nearest
town
Power
Supply
FWC(<5)
Kareli P(2),S,
SS(<5)
PHS,MCW(5-10), T,W,HP,
R/C
SPO,PH,PCO BS PR,KR,FP Jambusar
EA
Piludara P,S,
SS(5-10)
PHC(5-10,)PHS,VH T,HP,TW SPO,PH,PCO BS PR,KR,FP Jambusar
EA
Karkhadi P(5),S,
SS(5-10)
PHC,PHS,MCW T,W,HP,T
W,R/C,TK
PO,SPO(<5),
PH,PCO
BS,RS(5-10) PR,KR,FP Padra
EA
Kahanava P(8),S PHS T,W,HP,T
W,R/C,TK
SPO,PH,PCO BS PR,KR,FP Jambusar
EA
Mahmadpura P,S(5-10) PHS(<5),MCW(<5),
VH(<5)
T,HP,TW,
R/C
SPO,PH(<5),
PCO(<5)
BS PR,FP
KR(5-10)
Padra
EA
Gajana P,S(<5),
SS(<5)
PHS T,HP,TW SPO,PH BS,RS(5-10) PR,KR,FP Borsad
EA
Kalyankui P PHS(<5),MCW(<5) T,W,HP,T
W,R/C,TK
PO(<5),PH(<5)
SPO(5-10),
PCO(<5)
BS,RS(<5) PR,KR,FP Padra EA
Sadra P PHC(<5),PHS(<5),MCW(<5)
,VH(5-10), D(<5),MHC(<5),
FWC(<5)
T,W,HP,T
W,R/C,TK
PO(5-10),SPO,
PH
BS,RS(<5) PR,KR,FP Padra EA
Abhol P,S,SS(<5) PHS,MCW(<5), T,HP,TW,
TK/P/L
PO(<5),PH(5-10)
SPO,PCO(5-10)
BS,RS(<5) PR,KR,FP Jambusar
EA
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-49
Abbreviations: Educational
PP - Preprimary School
P - Primary School S - Secondary School
SS - Senior Secondary School C - College
Medical Facility
MCW - Maternity & Child Welfare Centre PHC - Primary Health Centre
PHS - Primary Health Sub-Centre CHC - Community Health Centre
H - Allopathic Hospital D - Dispensary
FWC - Family Welfare Centre CWC - Child Welfare Centre
HA - Ayurvedic Hospital
MHC - Mobile Health Clinic T.B - T.B Clinic
Drinking Water
T - Tap Water HP - Hand Pump
TW - Tube well Water W - Well Water
TK - Tank water R/C - River/Canal
Post and Telegraph
PO - Post Office PH - Telephone Connection
SPO - Sub Post Office
PCO - Public Call Office
Transportation BS - Bus
RS - Railway Station
Approach to Village PR - Pucca Road
KR - Kutccha Road FP - Foot path
Power Supply
EA - Electricity for all Purposes
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-50
Figure3.7
Location of AAQM station
Indicating AAQM stations
Project site
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-51
Figure 3.8
Wind Rose diagram
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-52
Figure 3.9
Water sampling Locations
Indicating Ground Water sampling location
IndicatingSurface Water Sampling location
Project site
Masar
Vadu
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-53
Figure 3.10
Noisemonitoring locations
Indicating Noise Monitoring location
Project site
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-54
Figure 3.11
Soil Sampling Locations
Indicating locations of Soil sampling
Project site
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-55
Figure 3.12Topo sheet of location with site location map of 10 km radius (1:25,000 scale)
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 3-56
Figure 3.13Topo sheet of location with site location map of 10 km radius (1:50,000 scale)
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. 4-1
Chapter-4Anticipated Environmental Impacts &
Mitigation Measures4.1 GENERAL
Environmental Impact can be defined as any change in environmental
conditions which may be adverse or beneficial, occurred due to action or
set of actions under consideration. It can be assessed by identifying the
sources of the impact and predicting the same. The identification of
environmental impacts has been made by co-relating the relationship
between project activity and environmental parameters. As a part of
present EIA study, anticipated environmental impacts associated with the
project activity of the unit have been identified. The project activities are
usually divided into two phases: Construction Phase and Operation Phase.
For evaluation of impacts due to proposed activities, baseline data has
been utilized. Changes in the environmental parameters & their impact in
terms of short term or long term, positive or negative, reversible &
irreversible are identified & predicted.
The next step is prediction of impacts, which is an important component
in environmental impact assessment process. Several techniques and
methodologies are in vogue for predicting the impacts due to proposed
industrial development on physical, chemical, biological and socio-
economic components of environment. Such predictions delineate
contribution in existing baseline condition for the proposed project. The
additional impacts due to proposed activities are analyzed by keeping in
mind the baseline status. This helps to assess the assimilative capacity of
the environment and in turn the gravity of the impacts. Based on the
identification & prediction of the nature of impact, it can be evaluated
qualitatively and quantitatively. In this chapter, the effect due to
construction & operational activity of the proposed expansion project is
explained.
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. 4-2
4.2 IDENTIFICATION OF IMPACT
This chapter deals with the assessment of project impacts on
environment. Mitigation measures are suggested to minimize the likely
negative impacts. The network method (Cause - effect) was adopted to
identify potential impact of the proposed expansion activity. It includes
stepwise study of relationship between an activity and its environmental
parameters. This method involves in the “Road Map” type of approach to
the identification of second & third order effect. The basic idea is to
account for the project activity & identify the type of impact that could
initially occur followed by the identification of secondary and tertiary
impact. The project will have impacts of varying magnitude on different
environmental components. These impacts could be categorized as,
Primary impacts, i.e. impacts which occur as a direct result of the
project activities.
Secondary and tertiary impacts, i.e. impacts that occur as a result
of primary impacts.
4.2.1Identification of Impacting Activities
Various activities involved in the project are divided viz.:
A. Construction phase activities: impacts are immediate, in the vicinity
and sporadic
B. Operation phase activities: impacts are long term, in wide area and
continuous
The activities identified for the project under each phase are:
Construction phase
Excavation
Foundation & Civil work
Transportation of construction materials, equipments & machineries
Installation of equipments & machineries
Operation phase
Plant operation
Material storage & handling
Utilities and services
Greenbelt development
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. 4-3
4.2.2Identification of Environment Attributes
There are various types of impacts arise due to the proposed expansion
activities which will be evaluated considering the following environment
parameters in construction and operational phase,
Impact on Topography
Impact on Air Environment
Impact on Water Environment
Impact on Noise Environment
Impact on Land Environment (Hazardous/solid waste generation)
Impact on Biological Environment
Impact on Socio-Economic Environment
Impact on Occupational Health & Safety
4.3 IMPACT ON TOPOGRAPHY
Proposed expansion will be carried out in the existing premises. During
the construction, excavated soil will be restored to its original shape.
Thus, the impact during the construction is reversible, for short terms
and insignificant. Construction of plant & building will be carried out for
proposed expansion. During the operational phase of the project being an
existing unit, no major impact is envisaged on the topography.
4.4 IMPACT ON AIR ENVIRONMENT
a. Construction Phase impact & mitigation measures
Proposed expansion will be done in the existing premises wherein the
construction activities will be carried out as per the plant design. So,
there will be chances of dust generation. It will be limited up to working
area only and not likely to spread in wider area. To mitigate the impact,
regular sprinkling of the water will be done. Vehicular traffic lead to
increased concentration pollutants through exhaust gases, affecting the
ambient air quality of surrounding areas. Vehicles only with PUC
certificates will be allowed. These effects will remain localized near to the
plant site, and are envisaged as short-term negative & reversible in
nature. Hence, looking to the overall facts described above, it can be
concluded that, the impacts on air due to the construction & erection
activities will be minimum or negligible.
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. 4-4
b. Operational phase impact & mitigation measures
Long term impacts on the air quality are anticipated due to operational
activities. It depends on various factors like process technology,
operation & maintenance, raw material, fuel, air pollution control
measures. For the study of impact assessment for air environment, all
probable emissions are studied including fugitive emission. The sources
and expected emission level are described in below section.
Emission from the project
Main source of air emission will be point source & fugitive emission. At
present, flue gas emission is from stack of Boiler, Thermic Fluid Heater,
Hot Air Generator, and D.G. set. After expansion, additional boiler, TFH
and HAG will be installed wherein coal/agro waste will be used as fuel.
Current process gas emission is from process vessel of CPC Blue and after
expansion process vessel of CPC Blue and Alpha Blue, chlorination and
dumping vessel for CPC green and spin flash dryers (4 nos.) will be
installed. Emitted pollutants will be SPM, SO2, NOX, NH3, HCl, and Cl2.
Mitigation measures
Due to use of coal/agro waste in boiler, TFH and HAG, multi cyclone dust
collector is and will be used as APCM. For control of process emissions
from process vessels two stage water scrubbers, alkali scrubber; and
from spin flash dryer, bag filters will be used as APCM. Adequate stack
height and facility for sampling such as ladder & sampling point is and will
be provided as per the SPCB guidelines for proper dispersion of
pollutants.
4.4.1Air Pollution Dispersion Modeling of stack
Following sub-section give air dispersion modeling details for prediction of
changes in GLC of pollutants emitted from the above stacks.
Objective: The objective of dispersion modeling is to predict the ground
level concentration during the operation of the project and its impact on
ambient air quality of the area concentrations and compare with
applicable NAAQS.
Model used: The impact on air quality due to emissions from single
source or group of sources is evaluated by use of mathematical models.
The impacts of air pollutants were predicted using Gaussian air dispersion
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. 4-5
model, which is selected on the basis of existence of multiple point
sources within the industrial complex and the plain terrain at the project
site. In order to predict the impact of air pollutants on ambient air
quality, ISCST3 model (Industrial Source Complex – Short Term
(ISCST3) dispersion model) of United State Environmental Protection
Agency (USEPA) was used by considering guidelines stipulated by CPCB
for air pollution dispersion modeling. The Gaussian model provides
estimates of pollutant concentrations at various receptor locations.
It is an hour-by-hour steady state Gaussian model which takes into
account the following:
Terrain adjustments
Stack-tip downwash
Gradual plume rise
Buoyancy-induced dispersion, and
Complex terrain treatment and consideration of partial reflection
Plume reflection off elevated terrain
Building down wash
Partial penetration of elevated inversions is accounted for Hourly
source emission rates, exit velocity and stack gas temperature
Only two stability conditions based on the meteorology aspects were used
to calculate the theoretical maximum ground level concentration is
comparing the actual data and data generated from mathematical
modeling, it highlights that the stability condition E & A-B were
predominant in the region.
Following are the assumptions made while using the model:
- No dry and wet depletion of pollutants
- Receptors are on flat terrain
The key emitted pollutants will be SPM, SO2, NOX, NH3, HCl, and Cl2.
4.4.2Micrometeorology
Hourly micrometeorological data collected during the study period (Oct,
2017 to Dec, 2017) have been used for modeling. The hourly wind
speed, solar insolation & total cloudiness during day time and wind speed
& total cloudiness during night time were used to determine the hourly
atmospheric stability classes (defined by Pasquill and Gifford as A to F, A
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. 4-6
being most unstable and F being most stable). The hourly stability classes
were determined based on the technique suggested by Turner.
Turner’s system used for determining the stability classes is as follows:
- For day or night: If total cloud cover (TC) = 10/10 and ceiling
<7000 ft (2134 m), NR=0
- For night-time (defined as period from one hour before sunset to
one hour after sunrise):
a) If TC<4/10, use NR = -2
b) If TC>4/10, use NR = -1
- For daytime: determine isolation class number (IN)
a) If TC<5/10, use NR=IN
b) If TC>5/10, modify IN by the sum of the following applicable
criteria
If ceiling<7000 ft (2134 m), modification = -2
If ceiling>7000 ft but <16000 ft (4877 m), modification = -1
- If TC=10/10 and ceiling>7000 ft, modification = -1 and let modified
value of IN=NR, except for day-time NR cannot be <+1.
During the study period, stability calculated based on above-mentioned
Turner method gives average stability as A-B class during Day time and E
class during Night time.
4.4.3Input data
Stack emissions data have been used for prediction of incremental GLC
values of SPM, SO2, NOX, NH3, HCl, and Cl2 using one season
meteorological data during Oct, 2017 to Dec, 2017. Input data includes
quantitative expected emission levels, temperature, mixing height from
the stack. Input data is given in Table 4.1.
4.4.4Receptor Network
Uniform polar grid and ambient air monitoring locations are considered as
discrete Cartesian receptor network for entire study area of 10 km radius.
4.4.5Output of model (24-hourly GLCs)
The 24-hourly average Ground Level Concentration (GLC) values from
proposed project have been computed for SPM, SO2, NOX, NH3, HCl, and
Cl2 considering topographical features around the plant & applicable
stability classes. The maximum 50 (24-hr) average concentration values
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. 4-7
for SPM, SO2, NOX, NH3, HCl, and Cl2 are given in Table 4.3 to 4.8.
Corresponding Isopleths for 24-hourly predicted value is generated which
is shown in Figure 4.1 to 4.6.
It may be noted from the computed result for the proposed scenario that,
the highest 24-hourly average GLCs value of SPM, SO2, NOx, NH3, HCl,
and Cl2 from the proposed expansion activity are 6.921 g/m3, 2.743
g/m3, 1.549 g/m3, 4.515 g/m3, 0.179 g/m3, and 0.089 g/m3,
respectively. These GLCs of SPM, SO2, NOx are expected to occur at a
distance of 1.0 km from the source in W direction & for NH3, HCl, and Cl2
occur at a distance of 1.0 km from the source in N direction. With this
marginal contribution due to the proposal of the project, the levels of
PM10, SO2 & NOx will remain well below the 24-hourly ambient air quality
standards for SO2 & NOx (80 g/m3), PM10 (100 g/m3), PM2.5 (60 g/m3)
prescribed by CPCB.
4.4.6Incremental & cumulative concentration of pollutants
The maximum incremental GLCs due to project for SPM, SO2, NOx is
superimposed on the baseline concentrations recorded during the study
period to arrive at the likely resultant concentrations after
implementation of the proposed plant. The cumulative concentrations
(baseline + incremental) of the project is tabulated below at Table 4.2.
4.4.7Conclusion
The modeling study proved that, the air emissions from the proposed
expansion activities would not likely to cause any significant impact on
the ambient air quality of the study area. The ambient air quality around
project site will remain within the National Ambient Air Quality Standards
(NAAQS) prescribed for residential area.
4.5 IMPACT ON WATER ENVIRONMENT
The main sources of impact on water environment will be due to
withdrawal of fresh water from the ground during construction and
operation phase. These are discussed below.
a. Construction Phase impacts & mitigation measures
The water requirement for various purposes will be met from own bore
well. During construction work, water requirement is estimated to be
about 5-20 KLD depending upon nature of construction work. In addition
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. 4-8
to this, about 2-3 KLD fresh water will be required for domestic activities
of the construction staff which will also be met through the same source.
There will be no wastewater generation from the construction work.
Hence, it can be concluded that there will be no adverse impact during
construction phase.
b. Operational Phase impacts & mitigation measures
Raw water requirement for the project will be met from own bore well.
After expansion, total fresh water requirement will be 479 KLD which will
have impact on ground water.
c. Impact Assessment
As fresh water will be extracted from ground, there will be some impact
on the ground water table. However, it will be balanced by recharging
ground water during the monsoon season. For that, industry will
developed rain water harvesting structure outside the factory premises to
avoid any ground water contamination. Thus, by recharging the ground
water during the rain, unit will contribute to balance groundwater. So,
there will not be any major impact on the water environment due to
proposed expansion activities.
Additionally, generated w/w from process, lab, scrubber and washing will
be treated in in-house ETP followed to RO and MEE. Reject from RO will
be sent to MEE. Permeate of RO and condensate of MEE will be reused.
Domestic w/w will be treated in STP and reused for greenbelt. Proper,
effective planning will be implemented to minimize the temporary effect
on water resources.
Mitigation Measures:
Minimum use of water will be done for construction phase.
Permeate of RO and Condensate of MEE will be reused to reduce
burden on fresh water resources.
4.6 IMPACT ON NOISE ENVIRONMENT
Any unwanted sound that creates disturbance in hearing is termed as
Noise. Hence, it is important to assess the present noise quality of the
area in order to predict the potential impact of future noise levels due to
the project.
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. 4-9
a. Construction Phase Impact & mitigation measures
During the construction phase, impacts on noise level will occur due to
the noise generation from new equipments/machineries as well as some
impact due to transportation. Mainly the impacts of increased noise levels
during construction are likely to occur due to increase movement of
trucks & other diesel powered material handling equipment. The impacts
of noise during the construction would be restricted to the site only and
will be temporary. PPEs like ear muff/ear plug will be provided to the
workers. Regular maintenance & lubrication of construction equipment &
machineries will be undertaken to reduce the noise generation. Thus, it is
envisaged that the impacts on noise during the construction phase would
be insignificant after mitigation measure.
b. Operational Phase Impact & mitigation measures
During operation of the project, noise levels will increase considerably
due to operation of boiler, generators, reactors etc. The noise anticipated
from the project will be confined only within plant boundary. Adequate
greenbelt will be developed for prevention of noise propagation outside
plant premises. Oiling/lubrication & preventive maintenance will be done
to reduce noise generation at source to the permissible limit. However, at
places where noise levels may exceed the limit, PPEs will be provided to
workers. Adequate noise control measures such as silencers, anti-
vibration pad etc. will be provided. All the equipment will be designed/
operated in such a way that the noise level in work place shall not exceed
85 dB(A) as per the OSHA Standard. During operation, the protective
measures like PPEs (ear muff, ear plug) will be provided & the exposure
duration of workers/other personnel to noise will be managed as per
OSHA standard. The results of baseline monitoring carried out in the
region are presented in Chapter-3. The results are below the standards
prescribed for Industrial environment. It can be concluded that, the
impact on noise environment will be long term but insignificant.
4.7 IMPACT ON LAND ENVIRONMENT
The main source of impact on land and soil environment will be due to
construction activities and hazardous waste disposal.
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. 4-10
a. Construction Phase Impact & mitigation measures
Since the proposed expansion activities will be carried out in the existing
premises leveling would not be required. There will be no change in land
use as the land is already been converted for use of industrial purpose.
The construction activities like excavation, clearing, leveling & vehicular
movements will entail change in the landscape, which are expected to be
of short duration and insignificant. Unit will provide sanitation facilities for
the staff engaged in construction work which will prevent the impacts on
land. Thus, there will not be any issue of impacts on land during the
construction phase.
b. Operational Phase impact (Solid/Hazardous Waste)
During the operation phase, it is identified that the impacts on land would
occur due to the contamination by Solid/Hazardous wastes. The
hazardous wastes are the major source of impacts on land. Hazardous
waste generation from project must be considered to identify the
potential impacts. There will be increase in the quantity of generation of
hazardous waste. Total qty. after proposed expansion is given below.
a) ETP Sludge – 230 MT/month
b) Salt from MEE - 140 MT/month
c) Used lubricating Oil – 1.0 kl/yr.
d) Discarded containers/liners/barrels – 1250 Nos./Month & 5.33
MT/Month.
e) Inorganic acid (H2SO4) – 2100 MT/Month
f) Inorganic acid (HCl) – 70 MT/Month
g) Sodium hypo chlorite solution – 90 MT/Month
h) Halogenated compounds (Aluminum Chloride) – 800 MT/Month
Entire quantity of hazardous waste will be handled and disposed as per
Hazardous & Other waste (Management and Transboundary Movement)
Rules, 2016. ETP sludge and MEE salt will be disposed to approved TSDF
site. Whereas discarded drums/containers are/will be reused and in case
of excess, disposed of by selling to registered recyclers. Used lubricating
oil will be sold to approve recyclers. HCl, sodium hypo chlorite, and
aluminum chloride will be sold to the actual users. Hazardous waste will
be stored in the isolated hazardous waste storage area within premises
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. 4-11
having impervious platform having RCC floor, leachate collection system
& roof cover. Hence, no significant negative impact is envisaged on the
surrounding soil quality and land environment.
4.8 IMPACT ON BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
a. Construction phase impact & mitigation measures
Unit is already in existence, so there will not be any cutting of natural
vegetation. Thus, it is envisaged that there will not be any adverse
impacts on the ecology/biological environment in construction phase.
b. Operational phase impact & mitigation measures
There are no protected areas like national park/wildlife sanctuary within
the 10 km radial of the project site so there will not be any significant
impact on ecology. No endangered floral or faunal species has been
recorded within the study area. Further, unit already has developed
greenbelt & proposed to make it denser to enhance the biological feature
of the site. Also, the trees are identified for their sensitivity & pollution
tolerance capacity. Following is the list of trees which are helpful as
pollution absorber and at the same time pollution sensitive.
FamilyName
BotanicalName
CommonName
Sensitive Tolerant
Anacardiaceae Mangiferaindica Mango Cement dust, Coaldust, SO2
Dust collector
Anonaceae Polyalthialongifolia Asopalav SO2 Dust collector
Caesalpiniaceae Cassia fistula Garmalo Cement dust, PoorDust collector, SO2
N.A
Delonixregia Gulmohar SO2, Fly ash,Cement dust
N.A
Meliaceae Azadirachtaindica Neem Cement dust SO2
Mimosaceae Pithecellobiumdulce Gorasamli N.A Better Dustcollector, SO2
There will not be any discharge of effluent from the plant into any water
body; hence there will not be any impact on aquatic ecology of the
surrounding area. GLCs of air pollutants will remain low and hence no
significant impact on terrestrial ecology is expected. Entire quantity of
hazardous waste will be handled and disposed as per Hazardous & Other
waste (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016. Thus,
there will not be any significant impact on ecological environment due to
proposed expansion activities.
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. 4-12
4.9 IMPACT ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
a. Construction Phase Impacts & Mitigation Measures
During the peak construction phase, construction manpower including
construction workers will be employed. However, to the maximum extent
possible, construction workers will be employed from within the study
area. Since the construction phase of this project will be for short time
period, the socio-economic impact due to construction of this project is
going to be temporary. Around 30-40 workers will be employed in the
construction work. This will increase construction employment in the
study area. As the construction phase for the proposed project will be few
months, the impact would be temporary.
b. Operation Phase Impacts & Mitigation Measures
The proposed expansion activities will be carried out in the existing plant
premises. Therefore, no displacement of person is envisaged. Unit will
provide employment opportunity to locally available skilled and un-skilled
labours at different level as per the requirement, which in turn result into
a positive impact on prevailing socio-economic environment. For the
proposed expansion, additional 65 nos. of workers will be employed. In
addition, employment will be generated by the secondary supporting
activities e.g. transportation, communication, daily utility services.
Surrounding area has got good educational facilities and most of
employees will come from the surrounding area. Thus, overall impacts on
socio-economic environment are long term and positive in nature.
4.10 IMPACT ON OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY
a. Construction Phase Impacts & mitigation measures
In the Construction phase, some effects on occupational health & safety
of the employees working in the site are envisaged. Major health issues
encountered will be physical hazards & accidental Hazard. All plans and
construction schedule will be followed as per relevant laws approved by
competent authority, so as to minimize the occupational health hazards.
Mitigation Measures
Necessary PPEs like helmets, ear plug/ear muff, safety shoes,
goggles etc. will be provided to workers.
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. 4-13
Incident/accident reporting system will be developed and all the
employees will be made aware for the same.
Periodic inspection of equipments & machineries will be done.
b. Operational Phase Impacts & mitigation measures
In operational phase, various effects on occupational health and safety of
the employees working in the plant are envisaged. Major health and
safety issues encountered will be physical hazards, respiratory hazards,
electrical hazards, noise, fire hazards associated while working within the
plant. Preventive safety measures shall be taken to minimize the risk of
accident with respect to chemical handling.
Mitigation Measures
Emergency preparedness plan should be implemented.
First aid/other emergency treatment should be provided.
Workers shall be well equipped with personal protective
equipments. Only authorized persons will be allowed inside the
plant.
A health monitoring program shall be in place to monitor the health
of the persons working on the site to ensure the health status of all
concerned.
Fire hydrant system, fire extinguishers will be installed at different
locations within premises.
Sign boards will be displayed at designated locations indicating
appropriate hazard warnings.
Good house-keeping will be ensured within the factory premises.
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. 4-14
Table 4.1
Input data for air quality modeling
Sr.No.
Stackattached to
StackTemp.(0K)
Velocity(m/s)
StackHeight
(m)
Dia.(m)
FuelUsed
SPMg/s
SO2g/s
NOXg/s
Existing performance of air emission1 Steam Boiler
& TFH438 7.5 30 0.45 Coal 0.116 0.045 0.033
2 Hot AirGenerator
453 8.1 30 0.45 Coal 0.135 0.053 0.039
3 D.G. Set 483 15 9 0.225 Diesel 0.043 0.019 0.0204 Process
Vessel of CPCblue(Existing)
335 5.5 10 0.3 -NH3 = 0.066 g/s
Estimated air emission of proposed stacks5 Boiler & TFH 440 7.5 30 0.45 Coal 0.119 0.089 0.0486 Hot Air
Generator443 8.5 30 0.45 Coal 0.135 0.101 0.054
7 ProcessVessel of CPCblue
335 5.5 21 0.3 - NH3 = 0.066 g/s
8 Chlorination& DumpingVessel of CPCgreen
335 5.5 21 0.3 - HCl = 0.008 g/sCl2 = 0.004 g/s
9 ProcessVessel ofAlpha blue
335 5.5 11 0.3 - SO2 =0.016 g/s
10 Spin FlashDryer –1 & 2
375 5.0 11 0.3 - SPM = 0.053 g/s
11 Spin FlashDryer –3 & 4
375 5.0 11 0.3 - SPM = 0.053 g/s
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. 4-15
Table 4.2
Cumulative Concentrations at various locations
Station Direction Dist.
(Km)
BaselineConcentration
(µg/m3)
Predicted GLCs(µg/m3)
CumulativeConcentration
(µg/m3)PM SO2 NOx PM SO2 NOx PM SO2 NOx
Project site(A1)
- - 79.5 29.4 32.4 1.0 0.8 0.2 80.5 30.2 32.6
Karakhadi(A2)
WNW 2.01 69.6 26.2 29.3 1.5 0.6 0.4 71.1 26.8 29.7
Dudhwada
(A3)
W 3.70 65.6 26.1 29.4 1.0 0.4 0.3 66.6 26.5 29.7
Gametha
(A4)
S 4.60 71.4 28.7 31.9 0.5 0.2 0.1 71.9 28.9 32
Tithor (A5) NW 4.67 71.7 28.1 30.08 0.5 0.2 0.1 72.2 28.3 30.18
Muval (A6) ESE 5.42 69.4 27.3 30.7 0.5 0.2 0.0 69.9 27.5 30.7
Chokari(A7)
NE 2.90 72.1 29.0 32.5 1.0 0.6 0.3 73.1 29.6 32.8
Dabka(A8)
NNE 6.34 73.2 26.9 30.2 0.5 0.2 0.1 73.7 27.1 30.3
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. 4-16
Table 4.3
The 24-hourly average GLC Concentration Values for SPMRANK CONC RECEPTOR
(XR,YR)TYPE RANK CONC RECEPTOR
(XR,YR)TYPE
1 6.921 ( -1000.00, .00) GC 26 3.804 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC2 6.212 ( 1000.00, 1000.00) GC 27 3.758 ( -1000.00, .00) GC3 6.211 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 28 3.703 ( -2000.00, -2000.00) GC4 6.012 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 29 3.633 ( -2000.00, -2000.00) GC5 5.664 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 30 3.571 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC6 5.580 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 31 3.432 ( -2000.00, -2000.00) GC7 4.856 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 32 3.358 ( 3000.00, 3000.00) GC8 4.835 ( .00, 3000.00) GC 33 3.310 ( 1000.00, 1000.00) GC9 4.685 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 34 3.309 ( -1000.00, .00) GC
10 4.672 ( 2000.00, 2000.00) GC 35 3.301 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC11 4.519 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 36 3.287 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC12 4.449 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 37 3.245 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC13 4.356 ( 1000.00, -1000.00) GC 38 3.177 ( 2000.00, -2000.00) GC14 4.347 ( -2000.00, .00) GC 39 3.176 ( -3000.00, .00) GC15 4.336 ( -1000.00, .00) GC 40 3.155 ( .00, 5000.00) GC16 4.199 ( -1000.00, .00) GC 41 3.044 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC17 4.194 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 42 3.032 ( -3000.00, .00) GC18 4.140 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 43 3.029 ( -1000.00, 1000.00) GC19 4.118 ( -1000.00, .00) GC 44 3.022 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC20 4.112 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 45 3.013 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC21 4.073 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 46 2.990 ( -1000.00, .00) GC22 4.020 ( -1000.00, .00) GC 47 2.956 ( 1000.00, 1000.00) GC23 3.907 ( -2000.00, .00) GC 48 2.940 ( -2000.00, .00) GC24 3.869 ( .00, 4000.00) GC 49 2.939 ( -2000.00, -2000.00) GC25 3.832 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 50 2.921 ( .00, -1000.00) GC
Note: Receptor Types: GC = Grid cart, Concentration in µg/m3
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. 4-17
Table 4.4
The 24-hourly average GLC Concentration Values for SO2
RANK CONC RECEPTOR(XR,YR)
TYPE RANK CONC RECEPTOR(XR,YR)
TYPE
1 2.743 ( -1000.00, .00) GC 26 1.482 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC2 2.353 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 27 1.473 ( -1000.00, .00) GC3 2.142 ( 1000.00, 1000.00) GC 28 1.454 ( -2000.00, -2000.00) GC4 2.107 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 29 1.438 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC5 2.071 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 30 1.427 ( .00, 5000.00) GC6 2.064 ( .00, 3000.00) GC 31 1.405 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC7 1.959 ( 2000.00, 2000.00) GC 32 1.388 ( -3000.00, .00) GC8 1.906 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 33 1.362 ( -1000.00, .00) GC9 1.831 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 34 1.351 ( 2000.00, -2000.00) GC
10 1.809 ( -2000.00, .00) GC 35 1.328 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC11 1.717 ( .00, 4000.00) GC 36 1.304 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC12 1.689 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 37 1.275 ( -5000.00, -2000.00) GC13 1.665 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 38 1.272 ( -3000.00, .00) GC14 1.624 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 39 1.264 ( .00, -1000.00) GC15 1.605 ( -1000.00, .00) GC 40 1.247 ( -2000.00, -2000.00) GC16 1.592 ( 1000.00, -1000.00) GC 41 1.221 ( -2000.00, -2000.00) GC17 1.569 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 42 1.206 ( .00, 6000.00) GC18 1.565 ( -2000.00, -2000.00) GC 43 1.199 ( -2000.00, -2000.00) GC19 1.561 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 44 1.194 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC20 1.557 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 45 1.193 ( -2000.00, -5000.00) GC21 1.539 ( -2000.00, -2000.00) GC 46 1.180 ( -2000.00, .00) GC22 1.532 ( -1000.00, .00) GC 47 1.180 ( -2000.00, .00) GC23 1.524 ( -2000.00, .00) GC 48 1.176 ( -2000.00, -2000.00) GC24 1.501 ( -1000.00, .00) GC 49 1.169 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC25 1.484 ( 3000.00, 3000.00) GC 50 1.166 ( -1000.00, .00) GC
Note: Receptor Types: GC = Grid cart, Concentration in µg/m3
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. 4-18
Table 4.5
The 24-hourly average GLC Concentration Values for NOxRANK CONC RECEPTOR
(XR,YR)TYPE RANK CONC RECEPTOR
(XR,YR)TYPE
1 1.549 ( -1000.00, .00) GC 26 0.848 ( .00, 5000.00) GC2 1.352 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 27 0.844 ( -1000.00, .00) GC3 1.212 ( .00, 3000.00) GC 28 0.844 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC4 1.193 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 29 0.834 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC5 1.179 ( 1000.00, 1000.00) GC 30 0.828 ( -1000.00, .00) GC6 1.177 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 31 0.819 ( -3000.00, .00) GC7 1.149 ( 2000.00, 2000.00) GC 32 0.795 ( 2000.00, -2000.00) GC8 1.113 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 33 0.791 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC9 1.054 ( -2000.00, .00) GC 34 0.765 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC
10 1.016 ( .00, 4000.00) GC 35 0.761 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC11 0.959 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 36 0.759 ( -5000.00, -2000.00) GC12 0.928 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 37 0.749 ( -3000.00, .00) GC13 0.928 ( -1000.00, .00) GC 38 0.740 ( .00, -1000.00) GC14 0.926 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 39 0.738 ( -2000.00, -2000.00) GC15 0.922 ( -2000.00, -2000.00) GC 40 0.720 ( -2000.00, -2000.00) GC16 0.909 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 41 0.718 ( .00, 6000.00) GC17 0.908 ( -2000.00, -2000.00) GC 42 0.714 ( -2000.00, -2000.00) GC18 0.898 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 43 0.711 ( -2000.00, -5000.00) GC19 0.894 ( 1000.00, -1000.00) GC 44 0.707 ( -1000.00, .00) GC20 0.889 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 45 0.695 ( -2000.00, .00) GC21 0.881 ( -2000.00, .00) GC 46 0.691 ( -2000.00, -2000.00) GC22 0.881 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 47 0.686 ( -2000.00, .00) GC23 0.879 ( 3000.00, 3000.00) GC 48 0.681 ( 4000.00, 4000.00) GC24 0.868 ( -1000.00, .00) GC 49 0.680 ( 2000.00, 2000.00) GC25 0.855 ( -2000.00, -2000.00) GC 50 0.679 ( -2000.00, -2000.00) GC
Note: Receptor Types: GC = Grid cart, Concentration in µg/m3
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. 4-19
Table 4.6
The 24-hourly average GLC Concentration Values for NH3
RANK CONC RECEPTOR(XR,YR)
TYPE RANK CONC RECEPTOR(XR,YR)
TYPE
1 4.515 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 26 1.760 ( -1000.00, .00) GC2 3.492 ( 1000.00, 1000.00) GC 27 1.758 ( -2000.00, .00) GC3 3.356 ( -1000.00, .00) GC 28 1.754 ( 2000.00, 2000.00) GC4 3.049 ( -1000.00, .00) GC 29 1.740 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC5 2.803 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 30 1.702 ( 1000.00, .00) GC6 2.749 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 31 1.700 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC7 2.748 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 32 1.699 ( .00, 1000.00) GC8 2.566 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 33 1.687 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC9 2.387 ( 1000.00, -1000.00) GC 34 1.662 ( -1000.00, 1000.00) GC
10 2.311 ( -1000.00, .00) GC 35 1.627 ( 1000.00, 1000.00) GC11 2.237 ( -1000.00, .00) GC 36 1.615 ( 1000.00, 1000.00) GC12 2.218 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 37 1.605 ( 1000.00, -1000.00) GC13 2.210 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 38 1.600 ( 1000.00, 1000.00) GC14 2.058 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 39 1.589 ( -1000.00, .00) GC15 2.056 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 40 1.452 ( -1000.00, .00) GC16 2.050 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 41 1.446 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC17 2.045 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 42 1.394 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC18 1.957 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 43 1.376 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC19 1.952 ( -1000.00, .00) GC 44 1.337 ( -2000.00, -2000.00) GC20 1.934 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 45 1.330 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC21 1.884 ( 1000.00, 1000.00) GC 46 1.327 ( 1000.00, -1000.00) GC22 1.859 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 47 1.316 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC23 1.784 ( -1000.00, .00) GC 48 1.310 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC24 1.775 ( .00, 3000.00) GC 49 1.296 ( -2000.00, -2000.00) GC25 1.763 ( -2000.00, .00) GC 50 1.283 ( .00, -1000.00) GC
Note: Receptor Types: GC = Grid cart, Concentration in µg/m3
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. 4-20
Table 4.7
The 24-hourly average GLC Concentration Values for HClRANK CONC RECEPTOR
(XR,YR)TYPE RANK CONC RECEPTOR
(XR,YR)TYPE
1 0.179 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 26 0.078 ( -1000.00, 1000.00) GC2 0.153 ( 1000.00, 1000.00) GC 27 0.076 ( 1000.00, -1000.00) GC3 0.149 ( -1000.00, .00) GC 28 0.075 ( 1000.00, 1000.00) GC4 0.139 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 29 0.075 ( -1000.00, .00) GC5 0.120 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 30 0.075 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC6 0.117 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 31 0.075 ( -1000.00, .00) GC7 0.114 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 32 0.073 ( 1000.00, 1000.00) GC8 0.110 ( -1000.00, .00) GC 33 0.073 ( -1000.00, .00) GC9 0.110 ( 1000.00, -1000.00) GC 34 0.072 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC
10 0.097 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 35 0.071 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC11 0.095 ( .00, 3000.00) GC 36 0.070 ( .00, 4000.00) GC12 0.095 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 37 0.068 ( 1000.00, .00) GC13 0.093 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 38 0.067 ( 1000.00, 1000.00) GC14 0.091 ( -2000.00, .00) GC 39 0.065 ( -2000.00, -2000.00) GC15 0.091 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 40 0.065 ( -2000.00, -2000.00) GC16 0.090 ( -1000.00, .00) GC 41 0.063 ( -1000.00, .00) GC17 0.089 ( 2000.00, 2000.00) GC 42 0.063 ( -2000.00, -2000.00) GC18 0.088 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 43 0.062 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC19 0.088 ( -1000.00, .00) GC 44 0.062 ( 2000.00, -2000.00) GC20 0.088 ( 1000.00, 1000.00) GC 45 0.062 ( .00, 1000.00) GC21 0.086 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 46 0.061 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC22 0.086 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 47 0.061 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC23 0.083 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 48 0.060 ( -3000.00, .00) GC24 0.083 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 49 0.058 ( -2000.00, .00) GC25 0.080 ( -2000.00, .00) GC 50 0.057 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC
Note: Receptor Types: GC = Grid cart, Concentration in µg/m3
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. 4-21
Table 4.8
The 24-hourly average GLC Concentration Values for Cl2RANK CONC RECEPTOR (XR,YR) TYPE RANK CONC RECEPTOR
(XR,YR)TYPE
1 0.089 ( .00, 1000.00) GC 26 0.039 ( -1000.00, 1000.00) GC2 0.076 ( 1000.00, 1000.00) GC 27 0.038 ( 1000.00, -1000.00) GC3 0.074 ( -1000.00, .00) GC 28 0.038 ( 1000.00, 1000.00) GC
4 0.069 ( .00, 2000.00) GC 29 0.038 ( -1000.00, .00) GC5 0.060 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 30 0.037 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC6 0.059 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 31 0.037 ( -1000.00, .00) GC7 0.057 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 32 0.037 ( 1000.00, 1000.00) GC8 0.055 ( -1000.00, .00) GC 33 0.036 ( -1000.00, .00) GC9 0.055 ( 1000.00, -1000.00) GC 34 0.036 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC
10 0.048 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 35 0.035 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC11 0.048 ( .00, 3000.00) GC 36 0.035 ( .00, 4000.00) GC12 0.047 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 37 0.034 ( 1000.00, .00) GC13 0.047 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 38 0.034 ( 1000.00, 1000.00) GC14 0.046 ( -2000.00, .00) GC 39 0.033 ( -2000.00, -2000.00) GC15 0.045 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 40 0.032 ( -2000.00, -2000.00) GC16 0.045 ( -1000.00, .00) GC 41 0.031 ( -1000.00, .00) GC17 0.044 ( 2000.00, 2000.00) GC 42 0.031 ( -2000.00, -2000.00) GC18 0.044 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 43 0.031 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC19 0.044 ( -1000.00, .00) GC 44 0.031 ( 2000.00, -2000.00) GC20 0.044 ( 1000.00, 1000.00) GC 45 0.031 ( .00, 1000.00) GC21 0.043 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 46 0.031 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC22 0.043 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 47 0.030 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC23 0.041 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 48 0.030 ( -3000.00, .00) GC24 0.041 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC 49 0.029 ( -2000.00, .00) GC25 0.040 ( -2000.00, .00) GC 50 0.029 ( -1000.00, -1000.00) GC
Note: Receptor Types: GC = Grid cart, Concentration in µg/m3
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. 4-22
Figure 4.1: Isopleths for Ground Level Concentrations for SPM
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. 4-23
Figure 4.2: Isopleths for Ground Level Concentrations for SO2
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. 4-24
Figure 4.3: Isopleths for Ground Level Concentrations for NOx
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. 4-25
Figure 4.4: Isopleths for Ground Level Concentrations for NH3
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. 4-26
Figure 4.5: Isopleths for Ground Level Concentrations for HCl
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. 4-27
Figure 4.6: Isopleths for Ground Level Concentrations for Cl2
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 5-1
Chapter-5Analysis of Alternatives
5.1 PROLOGUE
Alternative analysis is the process of analyzing the proposed locating for
suitability for basic necessities to operate the plant safely, this analysis
also covers the environmental aspect of pollution prevention and
improvement in quality of life nearby the project vicinity. The project
alternative is the course of action in pace of another, that would meet the
same purpose and need, but which would avoid or minimize negative
impacts and enhance project benefits. Such projects may result in
specific impacts which can be avoided or mitigated by adherence to
certain predetermined performance standards, guidelines or design
criteria. Alternative approaches may therefore be more effective in
integrating environmental and social concerns into the project planning
process.
5.2 SITE ALTERNATIVE
Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) is an existing unit having an area of
17165 m2 at ECP Canal Road, Karakhadi, manufacturing CPC Blue Crude.
Now, unit proposes to expand its manufacturing capacity to 1400 MTPM
CPC and related products. The acquired plot will be sufficient for the
proposed expansion. The project site is approachable by Road via
Vadodara-Jambusar road Highway at an aerial distance of 5 Km.
Additionally, nearest city Vadodara is 23 km away from the location,
having connectivity with other parts of the country by road, rail & air.
Moreover, other required facilities like infrastructure, communication,
medical facilities, fuel, water, power, unskilled & skilled manpower, etc.
are easily available, too. Therefore, no other site or area was considered
for the proposed expansion activities.
5.3 PROCESS ALTERNATIVE
Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II)’s R&D unit functions on the strategy of
innovating and creating new products in response to market trends and
demands; and improving existing processes to achieve optimum cost-
effectiveness by resource conservation. Over the years, Choksi Colours
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 5-2
has built a team of highly qualified professionals with vast experience in
the science and technology of with an objective of continuous
technological improvement. Proposed manufacturing methods in Chapter-
2 are results of such strong R&D. Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) plans
on setting up the expansion of the facility as per a new generation lay-out
to optimize production output. The proposed expansion unit will be
employing best available technologies (BAT) by using high-capacity
reactors and closed reactors capable of high pressure & temperature
reactions, in conjunction with highly skilled technology experts and
experienced technicians.
The wastewater generated will be treated in separate ETPs based on the
wastewater composition rather than treating all together. Wastewater
from utilities (cooling & boiler) will be treated by ETP followed by RO.
Similarly, wastewater from process, lab, washing, and scrubber will be
treated by another ETP followed by RO-MEE setup. RO permeate will be
reused and RO reject will be sent to MEE; MEE condensate will be reused,
too. Such treatment regime will be best available and most feasible
technology, and will maximize the potential of water recycling. Thus, unit
will satisfy its water demand by 1058 KLD of recycled water, and
reducing fresh water demand to 479 KLD, only.
Cyclone and bag filter systems will be installed as APCM for stack
attached to boilers, TFH, and HAGs. Process Vessel CPC Blue will be
installed with two stage water scrubber. Chlorination & Dumping Vessel of
CPC Green will be installed with two stage water scrubber followed by
alkali scrubber. Process vessel of Alpha blue will be installed with Alkali
Scrubber and spin flash dryers will be installed with bag filters. Such
scrubbing will be BAT to limit the emissions of pollutant to the regulatory
permissible limits. Additionally, in future, manufacturing processes and
pollution control measures will be updated to BAT for cleaner production,
environmental protection and resource conservation.
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Chapter-6Environmental Monitoring Programme
6.1 PRELUDE
Environment monitoring is the sampling and analysis tool to know the
environment conditions at particular time. The record of environmental
monitoring is most important as the environmental changes are slow in
nature and impact appears after many years. Environmental Monitoring is
the technical heart of assessment of environmental and social impacts
arising due to implementation of the proposed project. An equally
essential element of this process is to develop measures to eliminate,
offset or reduce impacts to acceptable levels during implementation and
operation of projects. The integration of such measures into project
implementation and operation is supported by clearly defining the
environmental requirements within an Environmental Management Plan.
Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. proposes to expand capacity of CPC Blue
Crude and other pigments manufacturing in the same plant premises. It
has adequate environmental monitoring programme.
6.2 ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PROGRAM
The continuous monitoring of Environmental parameters like air, water,
noise, soil and performance of pollution control facilities and safety
measures in the plant are vital for proper Environmental management of
any industrial project. Therefore, the company shall create environmental
monitoring facilities by the environmental and safety department to
monitor air and water pollutants as per the guideline of GPCB & CPCB.
Moreover, air and water shall be monitored by outside agencies
authorized by GPCB at regular frequencies. This department shall also
carry out periodical checkup of fire and safety equipments.
6.3 OBJECTIVE OF MONITORING PLAN
The basic objective of implementing a monitoring plan on a regular basis
is as follows:
To know the pollution status within the plant and its vicinity.
Generate data for corrective action in respect of pollution.
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Correlate the production operations with emission & control
mechanism.
Examine the performance of pollution control system.
Assess the Environmental impacts.
Remedial measures and environment management plant to reverse
the impacts.
6.4 SCHEDULE FOR ENVIRONMENT MONITORING
The environmental monitoring will be scheduled on regular interval to
assess the conditions. The record of these monitoring will be compared
with the baseline study to know the changes in environmental conditions.
The post-project environmental monitoring suggested herewith should be
as per the following guideline.
The highlights of the integrated environmental monitoring plan are:
The stack monitoring facilities like ladder, platform and porthole at
all the stacks will be maintained in good condition.
Regular monitoring of all gaseous emissions from stacks/vents.
The performance of air pollution control equipment evaluated based
on these monitoring results.
Water consumption will be recorded daily.
As far as possible, noise curbed at its source, with the help of
acoustic hoods and other such noise reducing equipment. Regular
noise level monitoring will be carried out.
Greenbelt will be properly maintained and new plantation
programmes will be undertaken frequently.
Continuous environmental awareness programmes will be carried
out for the employees and also in the surrounding villages.
6.5 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING
At Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II), after expansion, flue gas emission
will be from stack attached with boiler, Hot Air Generator & Thermic Fluid
Heater (TFH), where coal/agro waste will be used as a fuel. Most probable
pollutants will be SPM, SO2 and NOX. Process emission will be from
process vessels of CPC blue, CPC Green, and alpha blue. The details of
the flue gas stacks & process gas stacks are provided in Table 2.6 & 2.7
(Chapter 2).
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Scheme for monitoring ambient air quality, stack emissions and fugitive
emissions are proposed. The ambient air quality monitoring systems are
recommended for monitoring the ground level concentrations and fugitive
emissions around the plant. Unit should install three monitoring stations
around its battery limit (at 1200 as per guideline) for monitoring PM, SO2
and NOx. The combined data will provide overall characteristic and
emission from the industry. Proposed monitoring schemes are mentioned
in Table 6.1.
6.6 WATER ENVIRONMENT MONITORING
The main source of the industrial wastewater generation at Choksi
Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) will be from process (858 KLD), washing (100
KLD), and utilities (Boiler & cooling - 110 KLD). Wastewater generated
will be segregated into two streams, i.e. process and washing effluent will
be treated in ETP followed by RO, and RO reject to the MEE. Effluent from
utility will be treated in ETP followed by RO. RO reject will be sent to
CETP-EICL, Umraya for final disposal and treatment. RO permeate and
condensate of MEE will be reused. Domestic wastewater generation will
be 25 KLD which will be sent to STP. The details of water usage and
wastewater generation are provided comprehensively in Chapter 2.
Proposed monitoring schemes are mentioned in Table 6.1.
6.7 NOISE ENVIRONMENT MONITORING
Main source of noise generation at Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) is
vehicular transportation, boiler, Thermic Fluid Heater, process plant
among other machineries. Monitoring of noise levels is essential to assess
the efficacy of maintenance schedules undertaken to reduce noise levels
and noise protection measures. A good quality digital sound pressure
level meter is essential for this purpose. Proposed monitoring schemes
are mentioned in Table 6.1.
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Table: 6.1 Environment Monitoring Plan
Nature ofAnalysis
Frequency ofanalysis with its
analyzer
Parameters No. ofsamples
Method ofMonitoring
Wastewateranalysis
Monthly by externalagency
pH, TDS, SS,COD, BOD,
Oil & Grease,etc.
4-6 samples APHA-AWWA23nd edition
StackMonitoring ofeach stack
Monthly by externalagency
PM, SO2, NOX,NH3, HCl, Cl2
All stacks Stackmonitoring
kitAmbient AirQualityMonitoring
Monthly for 24 hoursor as per the statutoryconditions by externalagency
PM, SO2, NOX,NH3, HCl, Cl2
3-5 locations RDS, Fineparticulatesampler
Noise level Monthly as per thestatutory conditionsby external agency
Noise level 6-8 locations(Nr. Main gate,Nr. boiler, Nr.
D. G. Set,Process area
etc.)
Sound LevelMeter
Work zonefugitivemonitoring
Monthly by externalagency
RPM, VOCs,acid mist
2-3 locations Personalsampler,
VOC samplerHealthcheck-up ofworkers
As per the statutoryguideline
All workers
**Budgetary provision for environment & safety management system has been made in theproject planning with Rs. 4 crores as capital cost for additional EMS and Rs. 9.25 croresrecurring cost per annum.Rs 8 Lakhs per annum are allocated for Environment Monitoring and Management
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-1
Chapter-7Additional Studies
A. Hazard Analysis & Risk Assessment
7.1 INTRODUCTION
Industrial plants deal with materials, which are generally hazardous in
nature by virtue of their intrinsic chemical properties or their operating
temperatures or pressures or a combination of these. Fire, explosion,
toxic release or combinations of these are the hazards associated with
industrial plants using hazardous chemicals. More comprehensive,
systematic and sophisticated methods of Safety Engineering, such as,
Hazard Analysis and Quantitative Risk Assessment have now been
developed to improve upon the integrity, reliability and safety of
industrial plants. The primary emphasis in safety engineering is to reduce
risk to human life, property and environment. Some of the more
important methods used to achieve this are:
Quantitative Risk Analysis: Provides a relative measure of the
likelihood and severity of various possible hazardous events by
critically examining the plant process and design.
Work Safety Analysis: The technique discerns whether the plant
layout and operating procedures in practice have any inherent
infirmities.
Safety Audit: Takes a careful look at plant operating conditions, work
practices and work environments to detect unsafe conditions.
7.2 RISK ASSESSMENT-Identification of Hazards
M/s. Choksi Colours Private Limited proposes to expand production
capacity of existing product with addition of new products at Survey No.
85/B, ECP Canal Road, AT & P Karakhadi, Tal-Padra, Dist: Vadodara,
Gujarat. A three ‘levels’ risk assessment approach has been adopted.
The risk assessment levels are generally consistent with the practices
encountered through various assignments for medium and large chemical
complexes. The brief outline of the three tier approach is given below:
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Level 1 – Risk Screening
This is top-down review of worst-case potential hazards/risks, aimed
primarily at identifying plant sites or areas within plant, which pose the
highest risk. Various screening factors considered include:
Inventory of hazardous materials;
Hazardous Materials properties;
Storage conditions (e.g. temperature and pressure);
Location sensitivity (distance to residential areas/populace).
The data/information is obtained from plant. The results provide a
relative indication of the extent of hazards and potential for risk
exposure.
Level 2 – Major Risk Survey (Semi - Quantitative)
The survey approach combines the site inspection with established risk
assessment techniques applied both qualitative as well quantitative
mode. The primary objective is to identify and select major risks at a
specific location in the plant considering possible soft spots/weak links
during operation/maintenance. Aspects covered in the risk usually
include:
Process Hazards;
Process Safety Management Systems;
Fire Protection and Emergency response equipment and programs.
Security Vulnerability;
Impact of hazards consequences (equipment damage, business
interruption, injury, fatalities);
Qualitative risk identification of scenarios involving hazardous
materials;
Risk reduction measures.
Selection of critical scenarios and their potential of damage provide
means of prioritising mitigative measures and allocate the resources to
the areas with highest risks.
Level 3 – Quantitative Risk Assessment (Deterministic)
This is the stage of assessment of risks associated with all credible
hazards (scenarios) with potential to cause an undesirable outcome such
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-3
as human injury, fatality or destruction of property. The four basic
elements include:
Hazards identification utilizing formal approach (Level 2, HAZOP etc.);
Frequency Analysis. Based on past safety data (incidents / accidents);
Identifying likely pathway of failures and quantifying the toxic /
inflammable material release;
Hazards analysis to quantify the consequences of various hazards
scenarios (fire, explosion, BLEVE, toxic vapour release etc.).Establish
minimum value for damage (e.g. IDLH, over pressure, radiation flux)
to assess the impact on environment.
Risk Quantification: Quantitative techniques are used considering
effect/impact due to weather data, population data, and frequency of
occurrences and likely hood of ignition/toxic release. Data are
analyzed considering likely damage (in terms of injury/fatality,
property damage) each scenarios is likely to cause.
QRA provides a means to determine the relative significance of a number
of undesired events, allowing analyst and the team to focus their risk
reduction efforts where they will be beneficial most. The QRA for this
plant is based on Level 1 and Level 2. Table 2.2 in Chapter 2 gives the
list of products (and their monthly production capacity) to be
manufactured. Table below gives the bulk storages of liquid and gaseous
raw materials and their consumption.
7.3 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS STORAGE
The solid raw materials will be received in bags or drums and will be
stored in chemicals godowns. The products will be packed in bags or
drums and stored in product godowns as per market demand. The bulk
storages of liquid hazardous materials are given in the Table 7.1 below.
In addition unit will store fuels mainly Coal for boiler, thermic fluid
heater, and hot air generator and HSD (in limited quantity) for D.G. Set
(during power failure only). The solid material powder or granules spillage
can results in polluting small area only. The damage to personnel can be
through ingress- dermal (if individual come in contact), oral (if individual
food gets infected through fugitive dust) or inhalation (fugitive dust). The
main route is fugitive dust which in covered area will move to short
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distance only. The risk is through liquid products which are volatile
material. The toxic vapours due to spillage of such material can travel to
some distance (as they are stored in covered godowns) and cause
damage.
Table 7.1: Bulk Storage of Hazardous Chemicals
Sr.
No.Name of Chemicals State
Storage
capacity (MT)
1 Chlorine Liquid/Gas 25 (Tonner)
2 Hydrochloric acid Liquid 20 x 2 (Tank)
3 Caustic Lye (45-48%) Liquid 20 (Tank)
4 Sulphuric Acid (98%) Liquid 25 x 2 (Tank)
5 Sulphuric Acid (30-35%) Liquid 25 x 2 (Tank)
6 Mono Chloro Benzene Liquid 10 (Tank)
7 O-Nitrotoluene Liquid 10 x 2 (Tank)
8 Xylene Liquid 10 (Tank)
7.4 RISK SCREENING APPROACH
Risk screening of Choksi Colours Private Limited was undertaken through
process study and study of data/information provided by the unit. Data of
major/bulk storages of raw materials, intermediates and other chemicals
were collected. MSDS of hazardous chemicals were studied vis a vis their
inventories and mode of storage. The chemicals stored in bulk and
defined under MSHIC Rule will be considered for detailed analysis. None
of the products are covered under MSIHC Rules. Raw materials under
hazardous category as specified by MSIHC Rules, 1989 (including
subsequent amendments) are as below,
Table: 7.2 Properties of Hazard –Raw materials (stored in Bulk)Sr.No.
Raw material Sr. No & Threshold Quantity(TQ in MT) as per MSHIC
Rules Chemicals Hazards PotentialSch-1,Part-II
Sch-2,Part-I
Sch-3,Part-I
1. Hydrochloric acidCAS No: 7647-01-0UN No: 1789
313 --- --- Not Flammable; Inhalation of fumesresults in coughing and chokingsensation, and irritation of nose andlungs. Liquid causes burns
2. Sodium hydroxideCAS No:1310-73-2UN No: 1823
571 --- --- Corrosive, toxic, non-combustible.INHALATION: Dust may causedamage to upper respiratory tractand lung itself, producing from mildnose irritation to pneumonitis.
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INGESTION: Severe damage tomucous membranes; severe scarformation or perforation may occur.
3. ChlorineCAS No:7782-50-5UN No: 1017
119 5TQ-1:10MT
TQ-2: 25MT
108TQ-1:10MTTQ-2:25 MT
Poisonous; may be fatal if inhaled.Contact may cause burns to skin andeyes. Bronchitis or chronic lungconditions.
4. Sulphuric acidCAS No: 7664-93-9UN No: 1830
591 --- --- Very hazardous in case of skincontact (corrosive, irritant,permeator), of eye contact (irritant,corrosive), of ingestion, of inhalation.Liquid or spray mist may producetissue damage particularly onmucous membranes of eyes, mouthand respiratory tract. Skin contactmay produce burns. Inhalation of thespray mist may produce severeirritation of respiratory tract,characterized by coughing, choking,or shortness of breath. Severe over-exposure can result in death.Inflammation of the eye ischaracterized by redness, watering,and itching. Skin inflammation ischaracterized by itching, scaling,reddening, or, occasionally,blistering.
5. O - XyleneCAS No: 1330-20-7UN No: 1307
442 --- --- May cause toxic effects if inhaled orabsorbed through skin. Inhalation orcontact with material may irritate orburn skin and eyes. Fire will produceirritating, corrosive and/or toxicgases. Vapors may cause dizziness orsuffocation. Runoff from fire controlor dilution water may causepollution.
6. Mono chloro benzeneCAS No: 108-80-7UN No: 1134
128 --- --- Flammable, Irritating to skin, eyesand mucous membranes. Repeatedexposure of skin may causedermatitis due to defatting action.Chronic inhalation of vapors or mistmay result in damage to lungs, liver,and kidneys. Acute vapor exposurescan cause symptoms ranging fromcoughing to transient anesthesia andcentral nervous system depression.
7. Ortho nitro tolueneCAS No: 88-72-2UN No: 1664
440 --- --- INHALATION, INGESTION, OR SKIN:Headache, flushing of face, dizziness,dyspnea (difficult breathing),cyanosis, nausea, vomiting, muscularweakness, increased pulse andrespiratory rate, irritability, andconvulsions. SKIN: Irritation.
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Table: 7.3 Hazards Analysis –Raw materials (stored in Bulk)Chemicals Physical
formBPoC
FPoC
LEL%
UEL%
TLVppm
LD50mg/Kg orLC50 mg/l
VapourDensity
SpecificGravity
Hydrochloricacid
Liquid 108.58 NA NA NA 5 LD50: 900LC50: 3124
1.267 1.1
Sodiumhydroxide
Solid 1388 NA NA NA 2 NA NA 2.13
Chlorine Liquid 100 NA NA NA NA NA 0.62 1Sulphuric acid Liquid 270 NA NA NA 3 LD50: 2140
LC50: 5103.4 1.84
O - Xylene Liquid 138.5 24 1 7 100 LD50: 4300LC50:--
3.7 0.864
Mono chlorobenzene
Liquid 132 29.44 1.3 7.1 10 LD50: 1110LC50:--
3.88 1.1058
Ortho nitrotoluene
Liquid 225 95 2.2 NA NA LD50: 891LC50:--
4.73 NA
NA= Not Available
Note:
TQ-I: Threshold quantity (for application of rules 4, 5,7 to 9 and 13 to 15)
TQ-II: Threshold quantity (for application of rules 10 to 12)
1. Oral Toxicity (OT) in LD50 (mg/kg)
2. Dermal Toxicity (DT) in LD50 (mg/kg)
3. Inhalation Toxicity in LC50 (mg/l) [4 hrs.]
Summary: As detailed in the above table, Chlorine is listed in Schedule 2
and 3 of MSIHC Rules. None of the raw materials are extremely toxic.
Sr.No.
Toxicity Oral toxicityLD50(mg/kg)
Dermaltoxicity
LD50(mg/kg)
Inhalationtoxicity
LC50(mg/l)1. Extremely toxic <5 <40 <0.52. Highly toxic >5-50 >40-200 <0.5-2.03. Toxic >50-200 >200-1000 >2-10
7.4.1 Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs)
AEGLs estimate the concentrations at which most people—including
sensitive individuals such as old, sick, or very young people—will begin to
experience health effects if they are exposed to a hazardous chemical for
a specific length of time (duration). For a given exposure duration, a
chemical may have up to three AEGL values, each of which corresponds
to a specific tier of health effects. AEGLs of the materials are as below.
10 min 30 min 60 min 4 hr 8 hr UnitHydrogen Chloride (7647-01-0)
AEGL 1 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 ppmAEGL 2 100 43 22 11 11 ppmAEGL 3 620 210 100 26 26 ppm
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The 3 tiers are defined as follows:
AEGL-3 is “the airborne concentration of a substance above which it is
predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals,
could experience life-threatening adverse health effects or death.”
AEGL-2 is “the airborne concentration of a substance above which it is
predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals,
could experience irreversible or other serious, long-lasting adverse
health effects or an impaired ability to escape.”
AEGL-1 is “the airborne concentration of a substance above which it is
predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals,
could experience notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic
no sensory effects.”
7.4.2 Emergency Response Planning Guidelines (ERPGs)
ERPGs estimate the concentrations at which most people will begin to
experience health effects if they are exposed to a hazardous airborne
chemical for 1 hour. (Sensitive members of the public—such as old, sick,
or very young people—aren't covered by these guidelines and they may
experience adverse effects at concentrations below the ERPG values).
ERPGs of the materials are as below.
Chlorine (7782-50-5)AEGL 1 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 ppmAEGL 2 2.8 2.8 2 1 0.71 ppmAEGL 3 50 28 20 10 7.1 ppm
Sulphuric acid (7664-93-9)AEGL 1 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 mg/m3
AEGL 2 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 mg/m3
AEGL 3 270 200 160 110 93 mg/m3
Xylene (1330-20-7)AEGL 1 130 130 130 130 130 ppmAEGL 2 2500* 1300* 920* 500 400 ppmAEGL 3 7200** 3600* 2500* 1300* 1000* ppm
Mono Chloro benzene (108-90-7)AEGL 1 10 10 10 10 10 ppmAEGL 2 430 300 150 150 150 ppmAEGL 3 1100 800 400 400 400 ppm
* indicates value is 10-49% of LEL. Safety consideration against explosionsmust be taken into account.** indicates value is 50-99% of LEL. Extreme safety consideration againstexplosions must be taken into account.
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ERPG-1 ERPG-2 ERPG-3 UnitHydrogen Chloride 3* 20 150 ppmSodium Hydroxide 0.5 5.0 50 mg/m3
Chlorine 1 3 20 ppmSulphuric Acid 2 10 30 mg/m3
*indicates that odor should be detectable near ERPG-1
The 3 tiers are defined as follows:
ERPG-3 is "the maximum airborne concentration below which it is
believed that nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to 1 hour
without experiencing or developing life-threatening health effects."
ERPG-2 is "the maximum airborne concentration below which it is
believed that nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to 1 hour
without experiencing or developing irreversible or other serious health
effects or symptoms which could impair an individual's ability to take
protective action."
ERPG-1 is "the maximum airborne concentration below which it is
believed that nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to 1 hour
without experiencing other than mild transient health effects or
perceiving a clearly defined, objectionable odor."
7.5 QRA APPROACH
Identification of hazards and likely scenarios (based on Level-1 and
Level-2 activities) calls for detailed analysis of each scenario for potential
of damage, impact area (may vary with weather conditions/wind
direction) and safety system in place. Subsequently each incident is
classified according to relative risk classifications provided in Table 7.4.
Table 7.4: Risk Classification
Stage Description
High(> 10-2/yr.)
A failure which could reasonably be expected to occur within theexpected life time of the plant.Examples of high failure likelihood are process leaks or singleinstrument or valve failures or a human error which could result inreleases of hazardous materials.
Moderate(10-2 --10-4/yr.)
A failure or sequence of failures which has a low probability ofoccurrence within the expected lifetime of the plant.Examples of moderate likelihood are dual instrument or valvefailures, combination of instrument failures and human errors, orsingle failures of small process lines or fittings.
Low(<10-4)
A failure or series of failures which have a very low probability ofoccurrence within the expected lifetime of plant.Examples of ‘low’ likelihood are multiple instruments or valve
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-9
Stage Description
failures or multiple human errors, or single spontaneous failures oftanks or process vessels.
Minor Incidents Impact limited to the local area of the event with potent for ‘knock– on- events’
Serious Incident One that could cause: Any serious injury or fatality on/off site; Property damage of more than 50 Lakhs INR
Extensive Incident One that is five or more times worse than a serious incident.
Assigning a relative risk to each scenario provides a means of prioritising
associated risk mitigation measures and planned actions.
7.6 THERMAL HAZARDS
In order to understand the damages produced by various scenarios, it is
appropriate to understand the physiological/physical effects of thermal
radiation intensities. The thermal radiation due to tank fire usually results
in burn on the human body. Furthermore, inanimate objects like
equipment, piping, cables, etc. may also be affected and also need to be
evaluated for damages. Table 7.5, Table 7.6 and Table 7.7 (below),
respectively give tolerable intensities of various objects and desirable
escape time for thermal radiation.
Thermal hazards could be from fires or explosion. Fire releases energy
slowly while explosion release energy very rapidly (typically in micro
seconds). Explosion is rapid expansion of gases resulting in rapidly
moving shock wave. Explosion can be confined (within a vessel or
building) or unconfined (due to release of flammable gases).
BLEVE (boiling liquid expanding vapour explosion) occurs if a vessel
containing a liquid at a temperature above its atmospheric boiling point
ruptures. The subsequent BLEVE is the explosive vaporization of large
fraction of its vapour contents; possibly followed by combustion or
explosion of the vaporized cloud if it is combustible.
Thermal hazards have been considered for various scenarios including:
Fire in inflammable chemicals storage tanks.
Table 7.5: Effects due to Incident Radiation Intensity
Incident RadiationkW/m2
Damage Type
0.7 Equivalent to Solar Radiation1.6 No discomfort on long duration
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-10
4.0 Sufficient to cause pain within 20 sec. Blistering ofskin (first degree burn are likely).
9.5 Pain threshold reached after 8 sec. Second degreeburn after 20 sec.
12.5 Minimum energy required for piloted ignition ofwood, melting of plastic tubing etc.
25 Minimum Energy required for piloted ignition ofwood, melting, plastic tubing etc.
37.5 Sufficient to cause damage to process equipment.62.0 Spontaneous ignition of wood.
Table 7.6: Thermal Radiation Impact to Human
ExposureDuration
Radiation Energy{1% lethality;
kW/m2}
Radiation Energyfor 2nd degreeburns; kW/m2
Radiation Energyfor 1st degreeburns; kW/m2
10 sec 21.2 16 12.530 9.3 7.0 4.0
Table 7.7: Tolerable Intensities for Various Objects
Sl.No.
ObjectsTolerable Intensities
(kw/m2)1 Drenched Tank 382 Special Buildings
(No window, fire proof doors)25
3 Normal Buildings 144 Vegetation 10-125 Escape Route 6 (up to 30 secs.)6 Personnel in Emergencies 3 (up to 30 secs.)7 Plastic Cables 28 Stationary Personnel 1.5
7.7 DAMAGE DUE TO EXPLOSION
The explosion of a dust or gas (either as a deflagration or detonation)
results in a reaction front moving outwards from the ignition source
preceded by a shock wave or pressure front. After the combustible
material is consumed the reaction front terminates but the pressure wave
continues its outward movement. Blast damage is based on the
determination of the peak overpressure resulting from the pressure wave
impacting on the object or structure. Damage estimates based on
overpressure are given in Table 7.8 below:
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-11
Table 7.8: Damage due to Overpressure
Sr.No.
Overpressure(psig/bar)
Damage
1. 0.04 Loud Noise/sonic boom glass failure2. 0.15 Typical pressure for glass failure3. 0.5 - 1 Large and small windows usually shattered4. 0.7 Minor damage to house structure5. 1 Partial demolition of houses, made uninhabitable6. 2.3 Lower limit of serious structure damage7. 5 - 7 Nearly complete destruction of houses8. 9 Loaded train box wagons completely demolished9. 10 Probable total destruction of houses10. 200 Limits of crater lip
In Choksi Colours case explosion probability is remote.
7.8 TOXIC RELEASE
For toxic release the damage criteria considered is IDLH concentration (if
data are available). The Immediately dangerous to life or health air
concentration values (IDLH values) developed by the National Institute
for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) characterize these high-risk
exposure concentrations and conditions and are used as a component of
respirator selection criteria. IDLH values are established (1) to ensure
that the worker can escape from a given contaminated environment in
the event of failure of the respiratory protection equipment and (2) to
indicate a maximum level above which only a highly reliable breathing
apparatus, providing maximum worker protection, is permitted. IDLH of
all the materials stored in bulk are as below.
IDLH Value UnitHydrogen chloride 50 ppmSodium Hydroxide 10 mg/m3
Chlorine 10 ppmSulfuric Acid 15 mg/m3
O-Xylene 900 ppmOrtho Nitro Toluene 200 ppm
7.9 ACID/ALKALI HAZARDS
Various hazards that can occur due to the acid and alkali incidents are
Skin irritation and corrosive effects after spillage
Spill pool evaporation of sulphuric/ hydrochloric acid or Caustic lye
storage tanks catastrophic failure are limited only
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-12
Catastrophic failure giving rise to spill pool evaporation dispersion
up to LC50, IDLH and TLV level
The more hazardous scenario likely is if spilled acid comes in contact with
metal and hydrogen is generated resulting in fire / explosion hazards.
Based on the outcome of the risk assessment, following recommendation
has been made to avoid any risk associated with the storage and use of
acids in the plant:
Double drain valve will be provided to sulphuric acid storage tank.
Full body protection will be provided to operator.
Caution note and emergency first aid will be displayed
All employees will be trained for use of emergency first aid.
Safety shower and eye wash will be provided in storage tank area
and plant area.
Total close process will be adopted for Sulphuric acid handling.
Dyke wall will be provided to storage tank
Tanker unloading procedure will be prepared.
SOP will be prepared for Hydrochloric acid handling.
Training programme will be conducted for safe handling and
emergency handling of Acids.
In Storage Tank Area, reaction with water generating fumes should
be displayed and avoided.
Suitable extinguishing media-Extinguish with dry powder / sand.
DO NOT USE WATER.
7.10 LIKELY FAILURE SCENARIOS
Few likely failure scenarios have been selected after critical appraisal of
raw materials and storage inventories. Failure scenarios selected are as
given in Table 7.9 below:
Table 7.9: Different Failure Scenarios
Raw material RemarkChlorine ToxicHydrochloric Acid (35%) ToxicO-Xylene Toxic /Flammable
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-13
B. QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT & CONSEQUENCE ANALYSIS
7.11 PREAMBLE
In the previous section we have carried out the hazards analysis of
Choksi Colours existing complex considering various aspects including
bulk storages of hazardous chemicals, plant process system, plant
incidents/accidents records, critical appraisal and discussion at site for
soft spots in the plant etc. Based on the hazards analysis few critical
scenarios have been selected for QRA and consequence analysis. QRA
quantifies vulnerable zones for a conceived incident with various levels of
severity.
In consequence calculation, use is made of a number of calculation
models to estimate the physical effects of an accident (spill of hazardous
material) and to predict the damage (lethality, injury, material
destruction and other property damage). The risk assessment modelling
can be roughly divided into three groups:
Determination of source strength parameters;
Determination of consequential effects;
Determination of damage or damage distances (with specific severity
rates)
7.11.1 Weather Effect
The effect of ambient conditions on the impact of fire/heat radiation and
GLC of hazardous/toxic material can be beneficial as well as harmful. A
high wind (turbulence) can dilute the toxic material while stable
environment can extend the reach of IDLH or IT (inhalation LC50 rats for
products) concentration to long distance. Any inflammable gas/vapour
release in turbulent weather will soon dilute the hazardous gases below
LEL and thus prevent the disaster.
7.12 INCIDENTS IMPACTS
The identified failure scenarios (Table 7.9) have been analyzed (Using
ALOHA and EFFECT Modules) for the impact zones considering damage
due to thermal and toxic impacts. Each incident will have Impact on the
surrounding environment which in extreme case may cross plant
boundary. The impact zones for various scenarios are given in Table
7.10 and shown in Figure 7.1 to 7.3.
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-14
Figure 7.1 Chlorine Tonner Leak Toxic Impact
Figure 7.2 Hydrochloric Acid (35%) Evaporating Puddle Toxic Impact
Figure 7.3 Xylene Tank BLEVE Impact
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-15
Table 7.10: Hazards Scenario Impact
Rawmaterial
Scenario Hazard ImpactZone (m)
Remark
Chlorine Tonner heavyleak
AEGL-3 (60min): 20 ppm
IDLH: 10 ppm
1200 m Figure-7.1
HydrochloricAcid (35%)
EvaporatingPuddle
AEGL-3 (60min): 100 ppm
IDLH: 50 ppm
93 m Figure-7.2
O-Xylene Boiling LiquidExpanding VaporExplosion (BLEVE)
potentiallylethal within 60sec
250meters
Figure-7.3
7.13 CONSEQUENTIAL IMPACTS
The consequential impacts from each incident scenarios can be though
thermal and toxic route. The damage can be on plant personnel (and
neighboring residents in case incident crosses boundary), property and
also loss in production. The impact zones for some of the hazards are
shown in Figure 7.1 to 7.3.
7.13.1 Thermal and Explosion Hazards
Incidents involving thermal hazards are mainly due to raw material fire
(in tank farms). The impact (1st degree burn) is limited to plant
boundary. However the consequences can go to worse if the incidents
lead to domino effect to other tanks.
7.13.2 Toxic Hazards
Toxic hazards are mainly due to chemicals leakage/spillage and their
impact is limited to plant boundary in most cases, except chlorine
leakage. However the consequences may go outside the plant boundary if
the incidents lead to domino effect, which is highly unforeseeable.
7.13.3 Other Hazards
The other hazards in the plant include (but not limited to):
Other toxic hazards due to acids/other toxic spillages (mainly limited
to spillage area only).
Mechanical hazards due to machines/equipment.
Hazards due to individual soft spots like walking casually and noticing
a pit and falling or colliding/stumbling or slipping (not noticing a wet
place etc.).
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7.13.4 Other Toxic Hazards
Acid spillage-its impact will be limited to spillage area. The spillage if
comes in contact with metal parts will produce hydrogen which is highly
flammable gas. Any person moving in area and getting splash will get the
injury. In addition the spillage will cause pollution problem. The spillage is
to be collected and neutralized for toxic contents before disposal.
7.14 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
In any eventuality, injured personnel will be immediately rushed to
hospital after giving first aid. All employees will be having regular medical
checkup as per norms. One dedicated on-site vehicle and local ambulance
service will be always (round the clock) accessible for meeting any
eventuality.
Treatment of workers affected by accidental spillage of chemicals
There is wide range of chemicals present in the Chemical plants. The safe
cleanup of a chemical spill requires some knowledge of the properties and
hazards posed by the chemical & any added dangers posed by the
location of the spill. Employees must notify their immediate supervisor of
injury by spillage of chemicals or exposure to hazardous materials. All
injuries must be reported. Supervisor is responsible for reporting any
injuries or occupational illnesses to the management.
Following steps will be immediate taken by the Supervisor.
Identify spillage/leakages of hazardous chemicals
Chemical Exposure to Skin:
Immediately flush with cool water for at least 15 minutes. If there are no
visible burns, remove the cloth from burning part of body. Seek medical
attention if exposure/spillages occur major possible problems.
Chemical Exposure to Skin – Serious:
Remove all contaminated clothing. Locate the nearest emergency shower
and soak for at least 15 minutes. Have someone contact the Hospital for
immediate medical attention.
Chemicals in Eyes:
Irrigate eyes for at least 15 minutes with tempered water from
emergency eyewash station. Remove contact lenses if there is. Notify the
management and immediate medical attention.
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-17
Acid Fumes:
Anyone overcome by fumes should be removed to fresh air. Never
attempt to enter a location where potentially dangerous fumes might
place you at risk. If someone is down, contact emergency personnel and
let them enter. Self-breathing apparatus is required for persons entering
the affected area. Seek medical attention for exposure as soon as
possible.
Chemical Spills:
The safe clean-up of an acid spill requires some knowledge of the
properties and hazards posed by the acid and any added dangers posed
by the location of the spill. If you believe a spill is beyond your capacity
to clean up, do not attempt to do so by your own, immediately contact to
nearest fire/emergency station. Spill kits with instructions, absorbents,
neutralizing agents if applicable, protective equipment, and sealable
waste buckets should be present in plant area.
Following Steps to be taken for ensuring health and safety of
workers engaged in handling of Hazardous materials
Identify chemicals to be used, amounts required, condition followed as
per the MSDS guideline.
Evaluate the hazards posed by the chemicals and the process
conditions. The evaluation should cover toxic, physical, reactive,
flammable, explosive as well as any other potential hazards posed by
the respective chemicals.
Select appropriate controls to minimize risk, including use of
engineering controls, administrative controls, and personal protective
equipment (PPE) to protect workers from hazards. The controls must
ensure that OSHA’s Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs) are not
exceeded.
Avoid Underestimation of Risk of handling and its reaction.
Before working with chemicals, know the facility’s policies and
procedures for how to handle an accidental spill or fire. Emergency
telephone numbers should be posted in a prominent area. Know the
location of all safety equipment and the nearest fire alarm and
telephone.
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-18
Provide popper Ventilation in the plant/process area.
Corrosive chemicals that require vented storage should be stored in
vented cabinets instead of in a chemical hood.
Local exhaust ventilation devices should be appropriate to the
operations in the plant.
Chemicals should be separated and stored according to hazard
category and compatibility.
7.15 CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATIONS
The hazard analysis and risk assessment of few possible selected incident
scenarios indicates that most incidents will be limited to plant battery
limits, and have impact on adjoining area in very unlikely scenarios only.
There are possibilities of domino effect and the secondary scenario not
predictable can be worse than the primary one. Only scenarios which may
cross the Choksi Colours plant boundaries shall be pool fire or BLEVE of
the solvent tanks, and chlorine leakage, which have very minor chance of
occurrence. The direction of impact will be in down wind direction (wind
direction and speed varies with season). Some of the recommendations
for Tank farm storage system are as given below:
Provision of flame detectors/ thermal sensors at strategic locations in
the tank farm area.
Auto water deluge system on each bulk storage tank for inflammable
liquids. The system should automatically start taking signal from flame
detectors or thermal relay.
Fixed foam system with adequate capacity.
Regular ‘Hazard Survey’ ensures the detection of leakage in the plant.
In house ‘capability building’ to attend hazardous scenarios is to be
taken up through mock drills.
Train staff in attending such scenarios.
Human Factors: Human factors role in safety cannot be ignored. Odd
hours working and over/long hours work can drain out individual. It
shows in lack of efficiency and also the lack of apt attention the modern
chemical complex demand. They are to be closely looked into and
avoided, as
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-19
a. If no accident has happened so far probability of incident/accident
occurring increases.
b. ‘No accident’ / good safety record develops complacency inertia/over
confidence in the team. This attitude gives rise to gaps/soft spots in
the system giving chances to incidents/accidents.
c. Safety requires novelty. Routine training practices get stale with no
positive results. Look for novel scheme of training/ safety practices to
build up fresh impetus in safety.
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-20
C. MATERIAL HANDLING AND SAFETY MEASURES
7.16 ACTION PLAN FOR HANDLING & SAFETY SYSTEM OF CHEMICAL
Flammable chemicals will be stored in open area outside the process
plant with all the safety measures. Hazardous chemicals will be stored
and handle in dispensing room for taking out sample from the container
for quality check-up purpose or for the partial use. This activity for
Hazardous material handling will be carried out by using all PPEs with
proper ventilation & under supervision.
7.16.1 Safety Measures for Transportation and Unloading of Hazardous
Chemicals
Solvent unloading standard procedure will in place and will be
implemented for safe unloading of road tanker.
Static earthing provision will be made for tanker unloading.
Drum handling trolleys will be used for transportation of drums up to
plant and internal handling from storage to process area.
Display Boards will be provided on all storage tanks which include the
name of the chemicals and its major hazardous characteristics.
Fire extinguishers will be provided as required.
First aids boxes will also be provided at different places wherever
required.
Water showering system will be provided to the flammable chemicals
storage area.
Area will be declared as “NO SMOKE ZONE”.
7.16.2 Safety Measures for Storage/Handling of Hazardous Chemicals
All Hazardous and flammable chemicals will store separately and away
from the strong oxidant & kept it in well ventilated room. Adequate
firefighting system will be installed. Safety shower and eye washer will be
installed near storage area. Flame proof light fitting will be provided at
storage area. Sprinkler system will be installed near storage area. Safety
permit system will be followed for loading and unloading. Isolate storage
will be provided with wire fencing under lock and key. Caution note,
hazardous identification board will be provided. Only authorized person
will be permitted in storage area and register will be maintained. “NO
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-21
SMOKING” board will be displayed and Wind Indicator and siren will be
provided.
7.16.3 Safety Measures for Process Units
Safety measures are the most important aspect of selection of process
technology to ensure safety in production unit. For the safety in
production area some important critical safety measures will be provided
within the process technology/equipment itself & will put continue efforts
for developing new technology/equipment. Company will ensure such
provision in the technology/equipment/machineries at time of purchase.
The details of the critical safety measures for process unit are as below;
any reaction upsets will be confined to the reaction vessel itself as
defined quantity of raw materials will be issued to the reaction vessel by
metering pumps/load cells. Process parameters control will be provided
as per SOP- Standard Operating Procedures. Materials will be transferred
by pumping through pipeline or by vacuum from drums. All reaction vents
will be connected to vapor condensers system. Hazardous materials will
be transferred by pipelines and in controlled manners. Trained person will
be engaged for handling of hazardous materials. Proper safety
precautions will be taken during handling of hazardous materials. All
solvents and flammable material with required quantity will be charge in
reactor by pump or by gravity. All the vessels will be examined
periodically by a recognized competent person. All the vessels and
equipments will be well earthed appropriately and well protected against
Static Electricity. Temperature indicators will be provided near all reactor
and distillation systems. Flame proof light fittings will be installed in the
plant. All the Plant Personnel will be provided with Personal Protection
Equipments to protect against any adverse health effect during
operations, leakage, spillages or splash. PPE like Helmets, Safety Shoes
and Safety Glasses will be provided to the employees.
7.16.4 Safety Measures for Preventive Maintenance
The safety measures in the form of the general Do's & Don'ts for safety in
process & other plant area are as below:
Do not work on equipments without permission from plant head and
maintenance head.
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-22
Make sure equipment is empty and flushed with nitrogen and air.
Check VOC content for flammable and make sure that no flammable
vapour contents.
Keep proper and adequate fire extinguisher near work area.
Use proper PPE.
Do not allow any employment without pre-medical check-up or without
checking fitness.
Work in any equipment must be conducted in presence of supervisor.
Additional safety measures in form of the checklist covering Do's &
Don'ts of preventive maintenance, strengthening of HSE,
manufacturing utility staff for safety related measures will be updated
timely and will be made available to all concern department &
personnel.
7.16.5 Safety measures to prevent spillage/leakage of toxic chemicals
The preventive maintenance will be planned and carried out as per plan
to avoid the failure of valve, pipelines and other component of
transferring line. The spillage will be confined to the dyke area
underneath the vessel. The resultant splash of such chemicals will result
in exposure of toxic chemicals to employees. Decontamination facilities
(Safety shower and eye wash fountains) will be provided in the plant
area, which can be used to decontaminate the affected employees.
Suitable decontamination procedure will be used to decontaminate the
spilled or leaked material. The SOP for decontamination will be available
with all related department.
7.17 ARRANGEMENTS FOR ENSURING HEALTH AND SAFETY OF
WORKERS ENGAGED IN HANDLING OF TOXIC MATERIALS
The significance of Safety & Health in plant has been a vital issue in
achieving productivity and quality standard. Following are basic
fundamental principles properly underlie all the workers working in the
plant. Consideration of each should be encouraged before beginning work
as part of the culture of safety within the plant.
Plan ahead. Determine the potential hazards associated with
production.
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-23
Minimize exposure to chemicals. Do not allow toxic chemicals to
come in contact with skin. Provide proper ventilation devices to
prevent/minimize airborne.
Do not underestimate hazards or risks. Assume that any mixture
of chemicals will be more toxic than its most toxic component. Treat
all the chemicals as toxic substances.
Be prepared for accidents. Before beginning of any batch reaction,
know what specific steps to take which cause to accident if any
hazardous substance release accidently. Proper follow SOP- Standard
Operating procedure to take batch reaction.
Unit will assess is careful examination of what, at work, could cause harm
to workers, accidents and ill health. All risks in the workplace must be
identified and assessed for control measures to be put in place.
Follow the five steps of hazard identification will be taken by unit namely;
Identify the hazards
Decide who might be harmed and how
Evaluate the risks and decide on precaution
Record your findings and implement them
Review your assessment and update if necessary
Following Information workers should know regarding hazardous
chemicals
Unit shall ensure that the employee is adequately trained with regard to:
The contents of the hazardous chemical substances
Potential source exposure to chemicals
Measures taken by the employer to protect employees against any risk
from exposure
Precautions to be taken by an employee to protect himself against the
health risks associated exposure
Correct use, maintenance of safety equipment, facilities and
engineering controls
Importance of good housekeeping at the workplace & personal hygiene
Safe working procedures
Procedures to be followed in the event of spillages or leakages.
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-24
D. EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)
Emergency Management Plan (EMP) for Choksi Colours is proposed here
to meet the extremely adverse situations caused by the various
hazardous accident scenarios. Mock drills are to be carried out in
association with district authorities. Any weak points observed during the
mock drills are to be strengthened.
7.18 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN (DMP)
Disaster/Emergency Management Plan is essential for a chemical plant as
the processes adopted for manufacturing are classified under Factory Act
as Hazardous due to handling and storage of toxic, flammable and
explosive hazardous materials. Primarily, DMP is prepared to furnish
details which may require at the time of the emergency, to delegate
responsibility, to estimate the consequences in advance and to prepare
ourselves to control any type of emergency. The plan explains basic
requirements as follows:
Definition,
Objectives,
Organization set up,
Communication System,
Action on site,
Link with Off-site Emergency Plan,
Training rehearsal and record aspect.
7.18.1 Definitions
Various definitions on different analogy used on On-site & Off-site
Emergency Plan are as follows:
Accident: An accident may be defined as “an undesirable and unplanned
event with or without or major damage consequence of life and /or
property.
Major Accident: It is a sudden, unexpected, unplanned event resulting
from uncontrolled developments during an industrial activity, which
causes or has the potential to cause, death or hospitalization to a number
of people, damage to environment, evacuation of local population or any
combination of above effects.
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Emergency: This can be defined as any situation, which presents a
threat to safety of person's or/and property. It may require outside help
also.
Major Emergency: Occurring at a work is one that may affect several
departments within and/or may cause serious injuries, loss of life,
extensive damage to properly or serious disruption outside the works. It
will require the use of outside resources to handle it effectively.
Disaster: Disaster is a sudden calamitous event, bringing great damage,
loss or destruction.
Hazards: Hazard may be defined as “the potential of an accident”.
Hazard exists in man and the system of materials and machines.
Chemical Hazards: It is a hazard due to chemical(s) (including its
storage, process, handling, etc.) and it is realized by fire, explosion,
toxicity, corrosively, radiation, etc.
Risk: Risk may be defined as the combination of consequence and
probability or likelihood of an accident being caused in a given man-
material – machine system.
On-Site Emergency plan: It deals with measures to prevent and control
emergencies within the factory and not affecting outside public or
environment.
Off-Site Emergency plan: It deals with measures to prevent and
control emergencies affecting public and the environment outside the
premises.
7.18.2 Objective of the Disaster Management Plan
The DMP document is prepared keeping in view and to confirm the
requirements of the provisions of The Factories Act, 1948, Guidelines
issued by the MoEFCC and MSIHC, 1989 amended in 2000, Schedule 11
under Environmental Protection Act, 1986.
Following are the main objectives of the plan to:
Defined and assess emergencies, including hazards and risk
Control and contain incidents.
Safeguard employees and people in vicinity.
Minimize damage to property and/or the environment.
Minimization of risk and impact of event accident.
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Preparation of action plan to handle disasters and to contain damage.
Inform employees, the general public and the authority about the
hazards/risk assessed and to provide safeguard, and the role to be
played by them in the event of emergency.
Be ready for 'mutual aid' if need arises to help neighboring unit.
Inform authorities and mutual aid centres to come for help.
Effect rescue and treatment of casualties.
Effective rehabilitation of the affected persons and prevention of
damage to the property.
Secure the safe rehabilitation of affected areas and to restore
normalcy.
Provide authoritative information to the news media.
7.19 ONSITE EMERGENCY PLAN
7.19.1 Incident Controller
Incident Controller’s role is to control the emergency at the incident site.
7.19.1.1 Duties of Incident Controller
Incident Controller will proceed to the place of emergency after hearing
siren/announcement. He will:
Assess the scale of emergency and decide if a major emergency exists
or is likely, accordingly activate emergency procedure.
Immediately give his feedback to Emergency Control Centre (ECC)
regarding emergency.
Direct all operations within the area with following priorities.
o Secure the safety of personnel
o Minimize damage to plant property and environment.
o Minimize loss of material.
Direct rescue and firefighting operations till the arrival of the outside
Fire Brigade, he will relinquish control to Sr. Officer of Fire Brigade.
Ensure that the affected area is searched for causalities.
Ensure that all non-essential workers in the affected area evacuate to
the appropriate assembly point.
Set up communication point to establish Radio/Telephone/Messenger
contact as with emergency control centre.
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-27
Pending arrival of works site controller, assume the duties of the post
in particular to:
o Direct the shutting down and evacuation of plant and areas likely to
be threatened by emergency.
o Ensure that the outside emergency services have been called in.
Ensure that the key personnel have been called in.
Report all significant development to the Site Main Controller.
Provide advice and information, as required to the Senior Officer of the
Fire Brigade.
Preserve evidence that would facilitate any subsequent inquiry into the
cause and circumstances of emergency.
Dy. Incident Controller will carry out above said duties in absence of
Incident Controller.
7.19.2 Site Main Controller
Site Main Controller will be overall in-charge of emergency organization
7.19.2.1 Duties of Site Main Controller:
Relieve the Incident Controller of responsibility of overall main control.
Co-ordinate ECC or if required, security for raising evacuation siren
and also all clear siren, in case emergency is over.
Declaration of major emergency ensures that outside emergency
services will be called and when required nearby firms will be
informed.
Ensure that key personnel will be called in.
Exercise direct operational control on parts of the works outside the
affected area.
Maintain a speculative continuous review of possible development and
assess these to determine most possible cause of events.
Direct the shutting down and evacuation of plants in consultation with
key personnel.
Ensure causalities are receiving adequate attention; arrange for
additional help if required. Ensure relatives are advised.
Ensure the accounting of personnel.
Control traffic movement within the work.
Arrange for a chronological record of the emergency to be maintained.
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-28
During prolonged emergency, arrange for the relief of the personnel
and provision of catering facilities.
Contact the local office to receive early notification of impending
changes in weather conditions, in case of prolonged emergency.
Issue authorized statements to the news media and informs H.O.
Ensure that proper consideration is given to the preservation of
evidence.
Control rehabilitation of affected areas after control of the emergency.
7.19.3 Other Key Personnel
The key personnel required for taking decision about further action for
shutting down the plant, evacuate the personnel, and carry out
emergency engineering works in consultation with Site Main Controller in
light of the information received. HOD’s /Senior Managers/ Section Heads
will be responsible for safety, security, fire, gas and pollution control,
spillage control, communication system including telephone, wireless etc.
Also medical services, transport, engineering, production, technical
services, will form part of advising team.
7.19.3.1 Emergency Response Team
The role of Emergency Response Team members is to actually combat
the emergency at the site and control the emergency situation and carry
out rescue operations. All team members will be thoroughly trained to
deal with fires, explosions, chemical spills and atmospheric releases, first
aid. As per priority list during emergency, the activities will be carried
out as per emergency control plan.
7.19.3.2 Emergency Personnel’s Responsibilities Outside Normal
Working Hours of the Factory.
The duties of Shift In-charge & team members have been brought out
in emergency control plan. All team members after evacuating the area
shall report to ECC/ Incident Place. The non-essential workers shall be
evacuated from the plants if need arises and this will be determined with
the forcible rate with which incident may escalate. Non-essential workers
shall assemble at the earmarked/specified point of assembly.
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-29
7.19.3.3 Assembly Points
At the proposed plan, at least 2 assembly points will be identified and
marked properly.
7.19.4 Emergency Control Centre
It will be headed by Site Main Controller, HOD – PD, HOD- P&A and it is
sited in Office of Site Main Controller in Admin Building & security
office (after office hours), which is readily accessible & with minimum
risk, equipped with telephone facilities and other announcements extra
communications facilities needed. It has enough means to receive and
transmit information and directions from site main controller to incident
controller and other areas. In emergency control centre due to its safer
location and advantage of easier accessibility, all necessary personnel
protective equipment’s fire-fighting extinguishers will be stocked in
sufficient quantity.
7.19.4.1 Role of Emergency Control Centre
In case of mishap or accident like fire, toxic gas leakage, explosion in the
factory, The Emergency Control Centre will be Office of Head- Operations.
The plot plan indicating all the activities in the factory premises
including that of storage’s utility services, production area,
administration, will be kept for ready reference, showing the location
of fire hydrant and fire-fighting aids.
Normal roll of employees, work permits, gate entries and documents
for head count, employees blood group, other information and
addresses will be available and the person, who will handle this
operation will HOD P & A.
Stationery required is available in the Control Centre (ECC) and HOD
(P & A) looks after it.
The requirement of personnel protective equipment and other
material, like torches, have been worked out and the quantity required
during emergency will be kept in the Control Room (ECC). The
responsible person for maintaining the said requirement/inventory will
be HOD-HSE.
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-30
7.19.5 Fire & Toxicity Control Arrangements
The plant will be well equipped with suitable numbers of fire-fighting and
personnel protective equipment. The staff will be trained regularly to
handle the various emergency situations.
7.19.6 Medical Arrangements
Availability of first aid facilities in sufficient quantity will be always
ensured. In case of emergency arrangements will be made to avail
outside medical help immediately. Emergency transport facility will be
available.
7.19.7 Transport & Evacuation, Mutual Aid Arrangements
Transport & Evacuation and Mutual Aid arrangements will be available in
the factory.
7.20 COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
7.20.1 Declaring the Emergency
In case of any emergency in the plant, speedy and effective
communication of the same to all concerned in least possible time is the
most important aspect of any emergency-handling plan. An early
communication increases the chances of control of emergency in the bud
stage. Blowing siren will be adopted as method of communication of
emergency, to all employees in the plant.
7.20.1.1 Type of Sirens
Three different types of sirens have been identified for communication of
emergency.
Alert Siren: Single Continuous Siren for One Minute. This indicates
that there is some accidental happening in the plant. All have to become
alert. Incident controller will be rush to the site of emergency. Plant area
people have to start safe shut down. Rescue team and other emergency
control teams have to reach at the site of emergency.
Siren for evacuation: wailing & waning siren for three minutes.
This siren indicates that emergency is of serious proportion and
everybody has to leave his work place. All people having their role in
emergency control have to assume their assigned role. All non-essential
workers have to proceed immediately to assembly area and wait for
further instruction.
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-31
All clear siren: Long continuous siren for two minutes. This is a sign
of return of normalcy. On hearing this siren everybody should go back to
his or her respective workplace.
7.20.1.2 Location of Siren
Siren will be located in centre of the pant for wide coverage of the whole
campus. Switch for siren will be provided at security gate. The switch at
Security gate should be operated only as a general rule.
Emergency manual call bell will be installed which will be used in case of
total failure of electricity. It is responsibility of HOD (HSE) to maintain the
upkeep of electric call bell and HOD- Security and administration to
maintain manual and Hand operated siren.
7.20.1.3 Raising Alarm
Any person noticing any emergency situation in the plant should
immediately call security gate with following information:
Identify oneself
State briefly the type of emergency i.e. whether fire, explosion, toxic
gas release etc.
Give the location of the incident
Estimated severity of the incident
Security personnel after ensuring genuineness of the call shall raise the
ALERT SIREN. At the same time he will also contact the incident
controller and ECC in order and inform about the incident. He will keep
the gate open and rush his two security personnel at the site of
emergency with appropriate PPEs. ECC will be located at the office of
Head-Operations on normal working hours and at Security gate after
normal working hours (during night). ECC shall be immediately manned
on hearing alert siren. If the authorized people to handle ECC are not
available, any senior most people out of the available person nearby shall
occupy ECC till authorized person comes. Incident controller, on hearing
alert siren or by any other way of information of the emergency, will
immediately reach at the site of incident and assess the situation. He will
immediately give his feed back to ECC. ECC shall direct security gate to
raise evacuation siren, if the need arise. SIREN FOR EVACUATION shall
be raised on instruction from Site Main Controller or any Manager of the
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-32
plant in the ECC. Security gate person will be authorized to raise ALL
CLEAR SIREN on instruction from Site Main Controller or ECC, after the
emergency is over. Incident controller shall assume the responsibility of
site main controller in his absence.
7.20.2 Internal Communication
It shall be responsibility of ECC to communicate to all employees in the
plant. They may take help of telephone operator for such communication.
However, telephone operator can directly communicate information about
emergency to all internal departments, if such message comes from
incident controller or site main controller. Telephone operator will
continue to operate the switchboard advising the callers that staffs are
not available and pass all calls connected with the incident to ECC.
7.20.2.1 Availability of Key Personnel outside Normal Working Hours
The details of key personnel availability after working hours will be made
available at Security Gate, ECC, telephone operator as well as production
units. Security personnel shall call required key personnel from their
residence in case emergency occurs outside normal working hours.
Availability of emergency vehicle/Ambulance will be ensured to fetch the
key personnel residing outside. It will be the responsibility of HOD (P & A)
to maintain it.
To the Outside Emergency Services
Decision to call outside help to deal with emergency like fire brigade,
ambulance, police, etc., shall be taken by Site Main Controller. However,
in absence of Site Main Controller, if the incident controller realizes the
situation going out of control, he may ask for immediate help from
outside. ECC will be responsible for calling help from outside. A list of
emergency services available in the area with their telephone numbers
will be provided at ECC, at Security gate and with telephone operator.
Facilities such as phones, emergency vehicle, and security personnel will
be available to help calling outside emergency services and authorities.
7.20.3 Communication to the Authorities
The emergency will be immediately communicated to the government
officers and other authorities such as SPCB, police, district emergency
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-33
authority, Factory Inspectorate, hospital etc. by Emergency Control
Centre.
Communication to Neighboring Firms & the General Public
In case of emergency having its outside impact, public will be cautioned
regarding the same. Co-ordination of police will be sought for speedy
action. This is to be ensured by ECC.
7.21 Pre-emergency activities
Internal Safety survey with regard to identification of hazards, availability
of protective equipment’s, checking for proper installation of safety
devices will be carried out periodically.
Periodic pressure testing of equipment
Periodic pressure testing of lines
Periodic safety/relief valve testing
Periodic fire hydrant system testing
Mock drill to check up level of confidence, extent of preparedness of
personnel to face emergency is being contemplated
Regular training is being imparted to all personnel to create awareness
Adequate safety equipment will be made available
Periodic check-up of emergency lights
Safer assembly points will be identified
Storage of adequate first aid treatment facilities
7.22 POST-EMERGENCY ACTIVITIES
Following post emergency actions will be carried out to study in detail and
preventive measures to be taken
Collection of records
Inquiries
Insurance claims
Preparation of reports comprising suggestion and modification
Rehabilitation of affected personnel
Normalization of plant
7.22.1 Evacuation and Transportation
In case of emergency, evacuation and transportation of non-essential
workers will be carried out immediately. The affected personnel will be
transported for medical aid.
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-34
7.22.2 Safe Close Down
During emergency plant shut down will be carried out if situation
warrants. This will be as per the instruction of site main controller under
guidance of incident controller.
7.22.3 Use of Mutual Aid
Mutual aid agreement with nearby industries will be ensures to provide
help to each other in the emergency,
7.22.4 Use of External Authorities
As and when necessary, statutory authorities, police, pollution control
personnel, medical aid/center, ambulance etc. will be contacted.
7.22.5 Medical Treatment
The affected personnel will be brought to safer place immediately to give
them first aid. Immediate medical attention will be sought.
7.22.6 Accounting for Personnel
Proper accounting for personnel will be laid down in all the shifts. The
number of persons present inside the plant premises, their duty etc. will
be available with the P & A. This record will be regularly updated and will
be made available.
7.22.7 Access to Records
The relatives of affected personnel will be informed. The details regarding
all employees will be made available to Administration building.
7.22.8 Public Relations
In case of emergency, Manager P & A will be available for official release
of information pertaining to the incident.
7.22.9 Rehabilitation
The affected area will be cleared from emergency activities only after
positive ascertaining of the system in all respects. The entry to affected
area will have to be restricted until statutory authorities visit and inspect
the spot of incident. Nothing should be disturbed from the area till their
clearance. The site main controller will be in charge of the activities to be
undertaken. The plan will cover emergencies, which can be brought under
control by the works with the help of emergency team/fire services. The
DISASTER CONTROL PLAN for gas leak and fire will be prepared for entire
factory.
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-35
7.23 CAUSES OF EMERGENCY
7.23.1 Risk
7.23.1.1 Nature
In the plant, the nature of dangerous events could be of the following:
Fire : Chemical/Electrical
Toxic Release : From chemicals
Leakages : Equipment, pipe lines, valves, etc.
Release of vapours like chlorine / bromine gas or hexane can result in
highly toxic environment or in fire or explosion.
Improper handling of products (raw materials/finished products)
Large spillage to ground floors resulting in pollution & fire.
Failures of Equipment / Instruments.
Release of safety valves or ruptures of vessels due to excessive
pressures.
7.23.1.2 Various Emergency Actions
a) Onsite
Safe shut down of the plant and utilities
Emergency control measures.
To attempt with the help of trained crew in firefighting to contain the
fire spread up/gas emission and limit within limited space.
To cut off source of oxygen by use of firefighting appliances/to cut off
source of gas emission.
Cut off fall sources of ignition like electrical gadgets.
To protect fire prone area from the fire.
To remove material which can catch fire to the extent possible from
fire prone area.
Evacuation of non-essential persons.
b) Medical Facilities/Treatment
The Plant will have a Health centre which is manned with trained male
nurse on continuous basis who can render medical first aid. Doctor
will visit two times a week for two hour each time. The Plant is
searching for a full time medical officer and will appoint as and when
available.
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-36
Depending on seriousness the injured person shall be shifted to any
other hospital.
Vehicle will be available round the clock for transportation. Ambulance
will be also made available in the campus on regular basis.
c) In the event of Fatal Accidents
The information shall be given to following authorities:
Inspector of Police
Inspector of Factories
Mamlatdar
Corporate Office
Regd. Office
Insurance the plant
Regional Officer, SPCB
d) Emergency Siren
Emergency siren shall be blown for announcing the emergency which
shall have different sound for identification/differentiation than the
normally used for commencement of factory working etc.
Location of Siren Above Plant
Type of Siren Industrial Siren
Position of siren switch Located at Main Gate
e) Seeking help from neighboring industries/sources for fire engine
f) Advise for vacation of other areas
Since the effect of fire/gas emission shall be contained within the area
of the plant advice of vacation of other areas is not necessary.
7.23.1.3 Response Time-Minutes
Hazard Fire Fighting Police Medical Services
Fire &Explosion
Immediate with whateverfacilities available with the plant
10min.
10 minutes
External Help within 15 minutes
7.24 OFF-SITE EMERGENCY PLAN
7.24.1 Need of the Site Emergency Plan
Depending upon the wind direction and velocity of the effects of accident
in factory may spread to outside its premises. To avert major disaster it
is essential to seek guidance/assistance of statutory authorities, police
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-37
and health department. The movement of traffic may have to be
restricted. Required information will be given to the authority and
consultation will be sought for remedial measures.
A purpose of the off-site emergency plan is:
To provide the local/district authorities, police, fire, brigade, doctors,
surrounding industries and public the basic information of risk and
environmental impact assessment and appraise them of the
consequences and the protection/prevention measures and to seek
their help to communicate with public in case of major emergency.
To assist district authorities for preparing the off-site emergency plan
for district or particular area and to organize rehearsals from time to
time and initiate corrective actions on experience.
7.24.2 Structure of the Off-Site Emergency Plan
Available with concerned authorities.
7.24.3 Role of the Factory Management
The site main controller will provide a copy of action plan to the statutory
authorities in order to facilitate preparedness of district/area off-site
emergency plan.
7.24.4 Role of Emergency Co-ordination Office (ECO)
He will be a senior police or fire officer co-ordination with site main
controller. He will utilize emergency control centre.
7.24.5 Role of Local Authority
Preparation of Off Site Plan lies with local authorities. An emergency-
planning officer (EPO) works to obtain relevant information for preparing
basis for the plan and ensures that all those organization involved in
offsite emergency and to know their role and responsibilities.
7.24.6 Role of Fire Authorities
The fire authorities will take over the site responsibility from incident
controller after arrival. They will be familiarized with site of flammable
materials, water and foam applies points, fire-fighting equipment.
7.24.7 Role of the Police and Evacuation Authorities
Senior Police Officer designated, as emergency co-ordination officer shall
take over all control of an emergency. The duties include protection of
life, property and control of traffic movement.
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-38
Their functions include controlling standards, evacuating public and
identifying dead and dealing with casualties and informing relatives of
dead or injured. There may be separate authorities/agencies to carry out
evacuation and transportation work. Evacuation depends upon the nature
of accident, in case of fire only neighboring localities shall be alerted.
Whole areas have to be evacuated in case of toxic release.
7.24.8 Role of Health Authorities
After assessing the extent of effect caused to a person the health
authorities will treat them.
7.24.9 Role of Mutual Aid Agencies
Various types of mutual aid available from the surrounding factories and
other agencies will be utilized.
7.24.10 Role of Factory Inspectorate
In the event of an accident, the Factory Inspector will assist the District
Emergency Authority for information and helping in getting Neighbouring
Industries/mutual aid from surrounding factories. Factory Inspector may
wish to ensure that the affected areas are rehabilitated safely.
7.25 MOCK DRILLS AND RECORDS
7.25.1 Need of Rehearsal & Training
Regular training and rehearsal program of emergency procedures shall be
conducted with elaborate discussions and testing of action plan with mock
drill. If necessary, the co-operation/guidance of outside agencies will be
sought.
7.25.2 Some Check Points
The extent of realistic nature of incidents.
Adequate assessment of consequences of various incidents.
Availability of sufficient resources such as water, fire-fighting aids,
personnel.
The assessment of time scales.
Logical sequences of actions.
The involvement of key personnel in the preparation of plan.
At least 24 hours covers to take account of absences due to sickness
and holiday, minimum shift manning.
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-39
Satisfactory co-operation with local emergency services and district or
regional emergency planning offices.
7.25.3 Records and Updating the Plan
All records of various on-site and off-site emergency plans of the factory
will be useful alone with those of the factors by which statutory
authorities draw a detailed plan for the whole area/district. The records of
the activity will be updated regularly.
E. PUBLIC CONSULTATIONThe public hearing was conducted by GPCB on 02/11/2018 on the basis
of the draft EIA/EMP incorporating the Terms of References. Minutes of
Meeting of Public Hearing is attached as Annexure-XII. Time bond
action plan for implementation of points raised during public hearing
along with budgetary provision is given below.
Table 7.11 Summary of Public Hearing issues and time bound
action plan with Budgetary Provision
Issue BudgetaryProvision
Timeframe
Greenbelt development Rs 8 lakhs Already started; 200new samplings has beenplanted
Employment PP commits to give firstpriority to nearbyvillagers for jobs basedon their qualification.
New 65 persons will beemployed for expansion
Public Health and familywelfare
Rs 15 lakhs After getting EC
Rain water harvesting efforts Rs 15 lakhs After getting ECFire station, ITI traininginstitute and roads repairing(via industrial association).
Rs 20 lakhs After getting EC
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-40
Table 7.12 Points raised during public hearing and Time Bound Action Plan and Budgetary provision
Sr.No.
Name and
Address
Point Represented and/or
written submission
Replies by Concerned
Project Proponent
Replied given by
Concerned Officer
Time Bound Action
Plan proposed and
Budgetary provision
1. Name:
Sukhdevbhai
Chotabhai,
Village: Karakhadi
We have made oral and
write representations to
companies multiple times,
but they don’t listen to us.
We, Gram Panchayat
Members, have complained
multiple times to GPCB
about air pollution, but no
actions has been taken.
Groundwater nearby the
companies are
contaminated and so our
Karakhadi village’s
groundwater are also not
drinkable. No companies
are paying attention to
this. Due to toxic gas
emission, 1000 Neem,
Acacia, and Shamla trees
has been destroyed.
Company representative
replied that, for any good
or bad outcome of the
company, company
owner is responsible.
After that company
owner Pradip Choksi
assured that his
company will do the
production as per the
government norms and
there will be no
complaints related to
pollution from his
company to surrounding.
If there are any
complaints against his
company, it will be
resolved directly under
his supervision.
GPCB
representative
humbly requested
participants to
make specific
representation
related to this
particular
company’s public
hearing.
PP commits to do
the production as
per the government
norms and will treat
waste streams as
per the norms.
PP commits to
develop greenbelt in
the premises and
allocates Rs 8
lakhs for that.
The proposed
expansion will
create employment
for 65 persons
during operation
phase. PP commits
to give first priority
to nearby villagers
for jobs based on
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-41
Sr.No.
Name and
Address
Point Represented and/or
written submission
Replies by Concerned
Project Proponent
Replied given by
Concerned Officer
Time Bound Action
Plan proposed and
Budgetary provision
Companies are not obeying
government regulations.
No companies are
developing greenbelt, and
doing tree plantation.
Injustice is also done to
our villagers in
employment. I am not only
talking about this
company, but talking about
all companies in this area.
I want to know who will
take responsibility for this.
their qualification.
2. Name:
Milindkumar
Hasmukhbhai
Patel,
Village: Dudhwada
Our water is contaminated
since 2014? How you will
resolve that? In Choksi
Colours Pvt Ltd report it
has been showed that
water is colorless. My
borewell is 300 m away
from the borewell and the
Company representative
explained that, Choksi
Colours Pvt Ltd has taken
over this unit and after
that they have made
many improvements in
pollution control
measures. This company
--- PP commits to do
the production as
per the government
norms and will treat
waste streams as
per the norms.
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-42
Sr.No.
Name and
Address
Point Represented and/or
written submission
Replies by Concerned
Project Proponent
Replied given by
Concerned Officer
Time Bound Action
Plan proposed and
Budgetary provision
water is red. How it will be
resolved.
makes CPC blue so
wastewater has blue
color only. Additionally,
the product is insoluble
in water, so after
treatment the treated
wastewater becomes
colorless. So your water
being red is not due to
us. After expansion,
company will recycle
about 90% of treated
wastewater and
evaporate. About 23 KLD
of wastewater will be
sent to CETP via tankers.
We also do not discharge
in ECP canal. So even
indirectly we are not
agreeing with your
question.
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-43
Sr.No.
Name and
Address
Point Represented and/or
written submission
Replies by Concerned
Project Proponent
Replied given by
Concerned Officer
Time Bound Action
Plan proposed and
Budgetary provision
These companies pumps
back wastewater in ground
and contaminates
groundwater.
In this regard, we would
like to clarify that no
such activities are done
by us. You are a local
person and you are free
to visit our plant
premises in this regard
any time. In the
presence of all you
people, GPCB, and
Collector sir’s presence
we openly invite you all,
right now, to visit the
plant premises. If you
find any such pump or
pits, we are ready to
immediately hut down
this plant.
3. Name: Jignesh
Patel
Gram Panchyat
The above representation
is made in self-interest.
According to him, colored
--- GPCB
representative
again made a
---
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-44
Sr.No.
Name and
Address
Point Represented and/or
written submission
Replies by Concerned
Project Proponent
Replied given by
Concerned Officer
Time Bound Action
Plan proposed and
Budgetary provision
Member
Village: Karakhadi
water is coming from 500
away borewell, but he is
from Dudhwada. We,
Karakhadi Gram Panchyat
has done the survey and
we don’t have such
groundwater
contamination.
90% of employment is
given to Chokari, Mobha,
and other nearby villagers.
Considering the
employment of these
locals, do not make false
claim against this
company.
humble request to
participants to
make specific
representation
related to this
particular
company’s public
hearing.
Honorable Chairman
also requested to
not target any
particular caste in
specific and told to
make project
specific
representations.
4. Name: Jeevanbhai
Patel
Village: Dudhwada
In EIA report, water is
mentioned colorless. In
this area, many bore have
colored water. You should
show that in your report
Company representative
explained that we have
collected water samples
from only 8 places as per
the MoEFCC guideline
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-45
Sr.No.
Name and
Address
Point Represented and/or
written submission
Replies by Concerned
Project Proponent
Replied given by
Concerned Officer
Time Bound Action
Plan proposed and
Budgetary provision
and ask for permissions.
Later, by citing GPCB he
said that, if GPCB takes
responsibility that they
won’t allow pollution from
this unit, then he has no
objections against the
company.
and in those samples no
color was found.
However if you are aware
of borewells in which
color water is found
within study area, then
let us know. We will take
samples from there and
incorporate results of it
in final EIA report.
GPCB
representative
clarified that they
have no authority of
allowing or
opposing this unit.
GPCB is there to
facilitate villagers
representation to
Central Government
and they will take
final decision.
5. Name:
Bhupendrasinh
Mahida
Village: Chokari
This unit (Before Choksi
Colours) is a working unit
since last 15 years as
Saraswati Pigments.
Development of this area is
due to MLA Narendra
Mukhi of that time. This
area’s well living situation
--- --- The proposed
expansion will
create employment
for 65 persons
during operation
phase. PP commits
to give first priority
to nearby villagers
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-46
Sr.No.
Name and
Address
Point Represented and/or
written submission
Replies by Concerned
Project Proponent
Replied given by
Concerned Officer
Time Bound Action
Plan proposed and
Budgetary provision
is due to industrialization.
In this unit, there are
about 70 workers of which
90% are local and after
expansion it will be 110. In
reference to before
mentioned issue that our
kids are only hired as
worker, as to become a
collector IAS is
requirement, for good jobs
education is a requirement.
So their argument is
baseless. We, Sarpanchs of
nearby 10 villages welcome
this unit’s expansion.
for jobs based on
their qualification.
6. Name: Jignesh
Thakorbhai Patel
Village: Karakhadi
He read submitted written
representation.
In addition, he mentioned Neighboring industry –
Reply of his written
representation is
included in the
proceedings.
Company allocates
Rs 15 lakhs for the
Public Health and
family welfare of
the surrounding
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-47
Sr.No.
Name and
Address
Point Represented and/or
written submission
Replies by Concerned
Project Proponent
Replied given by
Concerned Officer
Time Bound Action
Plan proposed and
Budgetary provision
that, in our area health is
an issue. If health would
be good, industries will get
good personnel. We
request you to provide us
services of doctor for PHC
center.
Ami Parma’s owner said
that, his company have
full time doctor. He will
provide free services in
village, at afternoon 2-6
pm, and also will provide
free medicines as per
requirement.
area.
7. Name: Armanbhai
Tarjabhai Patel,
Ex-Sarpanch
Village: Karakhadi
Industries within 10 km
radius are reverse boring
wastewater, so in nearby
wells water is acidic and
red. I don’t want to go in
details about what are the
intentions behind this. But
I want promise from owner
of Choksi Colours that they
will not do reverse boring
or similar illegal activities.
Because if Choksi Colours
will do such, water coming
Company representative
explained that main air
pollutant of Choksi
Colours is ammonia
which is generated from
reaction with urea.
Ammonia is not harmful
to agriculture and it is
converted into
ammonium sulfate,
which can be used as
fertilizer. In future, CPC
Green will be
--- PP commits that
they will not do
illegal activities
such as reverse
boring.
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-48
Sr.No.
Name and
Address
Point Represented and/or
written submission
Replies by Concerned
Project Proponent
Replied given by
Concerned Officer
Time Bound Action
Plan proposed and
Budgetary provision
out will be Blue and
everybody will know. Prior
compaints are of red,
yellow colour.
Additionally added that in
past such programs were
done in village. Why this
time it is done at the
project site?
He requested company to
provide employment to
more eligible locals as
much as possible.
Company should take care
that no damage happens to
agriculture, and if such
damage happens, provide
compensation to farmers.
manufactured in which
chlorination will be done,
which has potential to do
harm to agriculture. But
on behalf of company
owner, I assure that
proper control measures
will be taken.
The proposed
expansion will
create employment
for 65 persons
during operation
phase. PP commits
to give first priority
to nearby villagers
for jobs based on
their qualification.
8. Name: Arvind
Padhiyar
Village: Mujpur
One day prior to public
hearing, public wide
advertisement by auto
Company representative
clarified that, we have
done public wide
Company allocates
Rs 15 lakhs for the
rain water
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-49
Sr.No.
Name and
Address
Point Represented and/or
written submission
Replies by Concerned
Project Proponent
Replied given by
Concerned Officer
Time Bound Action
Plan proposed and
Budgetary provision
rickshaw and television is
supposed to happen by
GPCB circular dated
23.11.2009. Such
advertisement has not
been done and rules have
been violated.
Provide information about
past owner’s (Saraswati
Pigment) closure notices,
showcause notices and
employee terminations.
advertisement by
publishing in newspaper.
After 3-4 days of
newspaper
advertisement, all
villages were provided
executive summary of
EIA report, and
advertisement by auto
rickshaw was also done.
So no rules have been
violated. Due to technical
issue we were not able to
advertise on television in
timely manner.
We don’t have records
about employee
termination of past
company. Information
about past notices will be
included in reply of your
harvesting efforts in
the nearby area.
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-50
Sr.No.
Name and
Address
Point Represented and/or
written submission
Replies by Concerned
Project Proponent
Replied given by
Concerned Officer
Time Bound Action
Plan proposed and
Budgetary provision
Even after 15 years, ECP
Canal has not reached
Karakhadi and it is
supposed to reach
Nandesari. Explain why this
delay is being caused.
Have you ever tested how
much water goes in and
how much water comes
out.
According to ISO:10500
report, water of villages
tithor and chokari is not
drinkable.
written representation.
Issue of ECP Canal is not
related to our unit or
GPCB. Our water is not
being discharged in ECP
Canal, so this question is
not related to us directly
or indirectly.
Company representative
explained that we also
say the same that in this
area water is not
drinkable as TDS and
chlorides are higher as
sea is closer. This is a
natural phenomenon and
this issue is faced by all
regions closer to sea.
Honorable Chairman
also instructed him
to ask questions
related to this
project and not to
target any
administrative or
government
department.
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-51
Sr.No.
Name and
Address
Point Represented and/or
written submission
Replies by Concerned
Project Proponent
Replied given by
Concerned Officer
Time Bound Action
Plan proposed and
Budgetary provision
Company will be using
175000 lits. So how much
harvesting will be done?
As per CGWA guideline
we will do rain water
harvesting.
9. Name:
Ramanbhai
Shankarbhai
Patel,
Sarpanch
Village: Karakhadi
We support this company
and we request that
company starts working as
soon as possible.
--- --- ---
10. Name: Girishbhai
Parmar,
Village: Majatan
Majatan village is within 1
km, but still today no work
has been done under CSR.
Due to companies, our
agriculture is suffering,
too. I am requesting
company’s owner that they
give employment
opportunities to our village.
Company representative
told him that, they would
like him to be the part of
company’s CSR planning.
So that his village can
benefit. Company
assured that they will do
needful.
--- Rs. 70 Lakhs are
earmarked towards
CER activities.
11. Name:
Uttamprakash
Govindbhai Patel,
Companies like ERM and
KADAM are active in this
area since last 4 years. In
Company representative
also added that in the
efforts of remediation,
--- ---
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-52
Sr.No.
Name and
Address
Point Represented and/or
written submission
Replies by Concerned
Project Proponent
Replied given by
Concerned Officer
Time Bound Action
Plan proposed and
Budgetary provision
Sarpanch
Village:
Dudhwada
addition, companies in
Dudhwada has given crores
of rupees for remediation
and remediation process is
ongoing. GPCB is also
active in this process.
In the matter of red water,
I request villagers to keep
patience and trust &
support government
efforts.
In regards of drinking
water, karakhadi and
dudhwada village
panchayats are very
active. In Sandha and
Chitral village, new
drinking water wells and
pipelines are in
commissioning. And efforts
for water of Zanor are also
companies are taking
responsibilities.
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-53
Sr.No.
Name and
Address
Point Represented and/or
written submission
Replies by Concerned
Project Proponent
Replied given by
Concerned Officer
Time Bound Action
Plan proposed and
Budgetary provision
in process.
12. Name: Arjunsinh
Ganpatsinh
Padhiyar,
Village: Chokari
I welcome the project and
request the company that
they give permeant
employment and do not
employ on contract
system.
--- --- ---
13. Name:
Natwarsinh
Bhikhabhai
Padhiyar,
Village: Chokari
In this region water is an
issue. This company’s
water requirement will be
15 lakh liters. So they
should not depend on
groundwater, and instead
use water from nearby
Mahisagar river.
In other suggestions
mentioned that, if
company wishes to
compensate farmers then
they should make a
committee of Gram
Company representative
clarified that, freshwater
requirement from
borewell will be 479
KL/day and the
remaining 1058 KL/day
will be recycled water.
Company representative
welcomed his
suggestions and
mentioned that industrial
association is currently
working for fire station.
--- Company allocates
Rs 15 lakhs for the
rain water
harvesting efforts in
the nearby area.
Company will
allocate Rs 20
lakhs towards
industrial
association’s efforts
of fire station and
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-54
Sr.No.
Name and
Address
Point Represented and/or
written submission
Replies by Concerned
Project Proponent
Replied given by
Concerned Officer
Time Bound Action
Plan proposed and
Budgetary provision
Panchayat and 4-5
villagers. In this area,
many chemical industries
are there. Keeping that in
consideration, I suggest
that companies build fire
station near Karakhadi
cross roads. Additionally,
companies should start an
ITI training college in this
area so that they can train
locals to their requirement.
Locals should be given
permanent employment
and fair daily wages as well
as bonus.
Local manpower is
required by companies,
too, so that they don’t
have to bring outsiders.
Company will bring the
proposal of ITI institute
to industrial association.
ITI training institute
and roads.
14. Name:
Balkeshkumar
Kantibhai Patel,
Village:
Dudhwada
In this Canal area, many
chemical industries are
there. Keeping in
consideration of future fire
hazard, he also suggested
Company will
allocate Rs 20
lakhs towards
industrial
association’s efforts
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-55
Sr.No.
Name and
Address
Point Represented and/or
written submission
Replies by Concerned
Project Proponent
Replied given by
Concerned Officer
Time Bound Action
Plan proposed and
Budgetary provision
a nearby fire station.
He suggested GPCB that,
they should visit
companies and see
whether there has been
development of 33%
greenbelt or not.
Company representative
replied that company is
committed to develop
greenbelt in 33% area.
GPCB
representative
welcomed his
suggestion and
asked project
proponent about
details of this
projects greenbelt.
of fire station and
ITI training institute
and roads.
PP commits to
develop greenbelt in
the premises and
allocates Rs 8
lakhs for that.
15. Name:
Ramanbhai
Lallubhai
Padhiyar,
Village: Majatan
In nearby 1 km are of our
village, there are many pits
on the road, which causes
accidents. Speedbrakers at
distances are required to
slow down vehicles and to
avoid accidents.
Additionally, we want to
draw your attention that no
development has been
ever done by companies in
our village.
Company representative
told him that, they would
like him to be the part of
company’s CSR planning,
too. So that his village
can benefit.
--- Company will
allocate Rs 20
lakhs towards
industrial
association’s efforts
of fire station and
ITI training institute
and roads.
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-56
Sr.No.
Name and
Address
Point Represented and/or
written submission
Replies by Concerned
Project Proponent
Replied given by
Concerned Officer
Time Bound Action
Plan proposed and
Budgetary provision
16. Name: Ratan
Soorsing Jadav
Village: Karakhadi
Due to industries red water
has reached to Jambusar.
One particular company is
discharging 50 lakh liters
into Canal every day. It
has reached to ocean.
We are not against this
company. We do not wish
that any company shuts
down. We desire
development of all. We
wish all to get employment
from this project.
--- --- PP commits that
they will not do
illegal activities
such as reverse
boring, will do
production as per
the government
norms and will treat
waste streams as
per the norms.
The proposed
expansion will
create employment
for 65 persons
during operation
phase. PP commits
to give first priority
to nearby villagers
for jobs based on
their qualification.
17. Name: Narendra
Mukhi
Village: Karakhadi
He said that companies will
bring employment. It is a
crime for any company to
do pollution. But if
company is doing good
work then we all should
welcome them.
--- ---
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-57
F. SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
M/s. Choksi Colours Private Limited (Unit-II) is an existing unit located at
Survey No. 85/B, ECP Canal Road, AT & P Karakhadi, Tal-Padra, Dist:
Vadodara, Gujarat. Unit is engaged in manufacturing of CPC Blue Crude
with production capacity of 100 MT/month. Now, unit proposes to expand
production capacity of existing product with addition of new products -
Pigment Alpha Blue, Pigment Beta Blue, Activated Crude Blue, and
Pigment Green–7. After expansion, total production capacity of the unit
will be 1400 MT/month.
The proposed expansion activities will be carried out in the existing plant
premises. Therefore, no displacement of person is envisaged. Unit will
provide employment opportunity to locally available skilled and un-skilled
labours at different level as per the requirement, which in turn result into
a positive impact on prevailing socio-economic environment. For the
proposed expansion, additional 65 nos. of workers will be employed.
Social Corporate Responsibilities
Corporate Environmental Responsibility (CER) refers to a company’s
duties to withdraw from damaging natural environments. These efforts
can range from donating money to non-profits to implementing
environmentally-friendly policies in the workplace. The group's CSR
activities are rooted in the knowledge that businesses have a duty to
enable all living beings to get a fair share of the planet's resources.
Survey Methodology
The survey aims to document the living conditions, level of socio-
economic development of the region and the socio-economic profile of
people in the core and buffer zones of the study area. The village level
data were collected from Censuses.
Study of Village Profile
This study includes village level survey of Population, Economics, Land
use Pattern, Employment pattern, Healthcare Facilities, Amenities for
Livelihood.
Sources of Information
As per the scope of present study, the information on the sociological
aspects like demography, human settlements, social aspects like SC & ST
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-58
population, literacy levels and economic aspects like occupational
structure of workers has been gathered and complied from secondary
sources viz. the District Census Statistical Handbook, 2011 as these
documents being comprehensive and authentic.
Socio Economic Survey within study area:
The Study area in 10 km radius has 39 villages including project site. The
total no. of household in the villages are 33599 and the total population is
160394 (52.38% men & 47.62% women).
1) Educational facility
Literacy is an important indicator for understanding the socio-economic
development of any area. 69.02% of are literate while literacy rate
among women & men is 61.08% & 76.24% respectively. Many villages of
the study area have no proper education facility and literacy rate is very
low especially in women. As per 2011 census, there are 2 pre-primary
school, there are 69 primary schools, 14 Secondary schools, 4 Senior
secondary school, 1 Degree College of Arts, Science & Commerce and 1
Vocational Training School /ITI in all 39 villages.
Keeping in view of the industrialization around these villages and there is
need of semi-skilled and skilled labor for the industrial units. Unit will
motivate educational activities by awarding meritorious school students in
SSC & HSC, science lab - equipment & books in libraries for schools, and
supports for sport & cultural competitions in schools. Unit will contribute
in Industrial association’s efforts to start a new ITI institute in this area.
54.95% of male population is part of main worker, while only 13.82% of
female population is a part of main workers. 5.27% of male workers are
marginal workers, while 13.44% of female workers are engaged in such
type of activities. 39.78% of male population and 72.74% of female
population are non-workers. Women bear larger losses in terms of
educational attainment, employment and wages. Thus, more focus will be
on Women Education considering the gap in literacy rate and employment
rate.
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 7-59
2) Health & Family welfare
39 villages in the study area have 2 Community Health Centre, 5 Primary
Health Centre, 20 Primary Health Sub Centre, 7 Maternity and Child
Welfare Centre, 2 T.B. Clinic, 1 Hospital-Allopathic, 1 Hospital-Alternative
Medicine, 5 Dispensary, 2 Veterinary Hospital, 3 Mobile Health Clinic, 1
Family Welfare Centre in study area of 10 km. Unit will contribute in
nearby PHC and health checkup camps organized by different agencies by
providing man, medicine, and money.
3) Preservation of Environment and Sustainable Development
For Preservation of Environment, unit will promote tree plantation in
surrounding villages. Unit will promote uses of non-conventional source of
energy i.e. solar power. Additionally, unit will raise awareness and
promote and contribute in rain water harvesting efforts in nearby villages.
Details of expenditure for CER activities:
Cost of the proposed expansion project : Rs. 28 Crores
Minimum Expenditure towards CER : Rs. 28 Lakhs
(1% of the expansion cost)
Proposed Expenditure towards CER : Rs. 70 Lakhs
(2.5% of the expansion cost)
Table 7.13 Detailed expenditure break-up for CER activities
Sr.
No.
Activities Years (Rs. in Lakhs) TotalBudget(Rs. inLakhs)
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th
1 Educational activities 0.25 0.5 1 1.25 2 5
2 Drinking water and sanitationfacilities
0.5 1 1.25 2 2.25 7
3 Public Health and familywelfare
0.75 1.5 3 3.75 6 15
4 Preservation of Environment,rain water harvesting& tree plantation
2 4 5 6 6 23
5 Fire station, ITI traininginstitute, and road repairing
3 3 4 5 5 20
Total 6.5 10 14.25 18 21.25 70
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 8-1
Chapter-8Project Benefits
8.1 INTRODUCTION
Project benefit focus on those points which will become beneficial to the
surrounding area or community in terms of infrastructural development,
social development, employment and other tangible benefits due to the
project. Proposed expansion project of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-
II) has a potential for employment of skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled
employees during construction phase as well as operational phase among
other benefits.
8.2 IMPROVEMENT IN PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) has proposed to expand manufacturing
capacity in the same plant premises at Survey No. 85/B, ECP Canal Road,
AT & P Karakhadi, Tal-Padra, Dist: Vadodara, Gujarat. Project will have
requirement of an additional infrastructure and so direct benefit of
infrastructures development is anticipated. The project proposes to
employ local people which will help to increase the income of local people
& improve their standard of living. The construction and commissioning
phase will require a substantial manpower and resources. Hence, with the
growth in the economic conditions, the project may lead to growth in the
social stature & improvement of the quality of life in the surrounding
area. It will also help in improvement in local amenities. Thus, the project
will have considerable indirect benefits to the public physical
infrastructures.
8.3 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL
In the construction phase, direct and indirect manpower will be involved.
The proposed manpower requirement during construction will be 30-40
personnel. During the operation phase, additional 65 nos. of skilled and
unskilled manpower will be required for proposed expansion activities,
thus employing a total of 100 personnel. Moreover, Choksi Colours will
provide first priority to local workers for the employment. Further, the
indirect employment via increased transportation, ancillary units & local
economic activities will also add in the employment potential of the
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 8-2
project. Thus, Choksi Colours will result in considerable benefits in terms
of employment.
8.4 OTHER TANGIBLE BENEFITS
As mentioned above, the expansion project will have many employment
& trade opportunities with the inception of the construction activities.
Thus, these will eventually result in appreciable economic benefits to the
local people & businesses/contractors. Indirectly, the project will help the
Government by paying different taxes from time to time, which is a part
of revenue and thus will help in developing the area. Choksi Colours Pvt.
Ltd. (Unit-II) proposes to allocate Rs 70 Lakhs towards Corporate Social
Responsibility. The CSR activities planned by Choksi Colours will be
considerably beneficial to the surrounding area. These all together with
the economic benefits of the proposed project will result in further
benefits in terms of the literacy level, primary and middle level education
and on health facilities.
Detailed expenditure break-up for CER activities
Sr.No.
Activities Years (Rs. in Lakhs) TotalBudget(Rs. inLakhs)
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th
1 Educational activities 0.25 0.5 1 1.25 2 52 Drinking water and
sanitation facilities0.5 1 1.25 2 2.25 7
3 Public Health and familywelfare
0.75 1.5 3 3.75 6 15
4 Preservation ofEnvironment,rain water harvesting& tree plantation
2 4 5 6 6 23
5 Fire station, ITI traininginstitute, and roadrepairing
3 3 4 5 5 20
Total 6.5 10 14.25 18 21.25 70
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 9-1
Chapter-9Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis
As per EIA Notification 2006, this Chapter of the ‘Environmental Cost Benefit
Analysis’ is applicable only if it is recommended at the Scoping stage. As per
the ToR points issued by MoEF&CC, New Delhi vide File No. J-
11011/179/2017-IA-II(I) dated 26th July, 2017; the Environmental
Cost Benefit Analysis is not applicable and hence has not been prepared.
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 10-1
Chapter-10Environment Management Plan
10.1 INTRODUCTION
Assessment of environmental and social impacts arising due to
implementation of the project activities is the technical heart of EIA
process. An equally essential element of this process is to develop
measures to eliminate, offset or reduce impacts to acceptable levels
during implementation and operation of projects. The integration of such
measures into project implementation and operation is supported by
clearly defining the environmental requirements within an Environment
Management Plan (EMP). The EMP of M/s. Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-
II) has been formulated considering all necessary mitigation measures to
prevent/minimize/eliminate environmental impacts associated with the
proposed activities. Choksi Colours being an existing unit, already has an
Environment Management Cell to keep a close watch on the performance
of the pollution control equipment, emissions from the sources and the
quality of surrounding environment in accordance with the monitoring
program. Thus, existing EMP will be modified/upgraded as per
requirement after the proposed expansion.
OBJECTIVE OF ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN
The EMP is prepared with the main objective of enlisting all the
requirements to ensure effective mitigation of adverse impacts for all the
components of the proposed project. The key objectives of the
Environment Management Plan are,
To limit/reduce the degree, extent, magnitude or duration of adverse
impacts,
To treat all the pollutants i.e. liquid effluent, air emissions and
hazardous waste with adoption of adequate and efficient technology,
To reduce risk/hazards and design the disaster management plan,
and
To make budgetary provision and allocation of funds for environment
management system and for timely revision of budgetary provisions.
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 10-2
10.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE
Construction phase results in temporary environmental pollution except
for the permanent change in local land use pattern & aesthetics in certain
cases. Such pollution is mainly due to site preparation, civil works,
transportation, storage & handling of construction materials, construction
worker’s sanitation etc. These are usually short-term impacts.
10.2.1 Air and Noise Environment
During construction work at Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II), air
pollution is expected in the form of increased suspended particulate
matter concentration. Installation work will generate noise and dust, but
it will be within working areas. To mitigate the adverse environment
impact due to the construction phase, following measures will be taken:
Regular sprinkling of the water will be carried out at least twice a day
along with the construction activities to reduce dust emissions,
Regular preventing maintenance of machinery and transportation
vehicles will be carried out to reduce vehicular emissions and noise
pollution,
Provision of silencer to modulate the noise generated by the machine,
if required, and
Provision of personal protective equipment such as earmuffs/earplugs
to workers working in noisy area.
10.2.2 Water Environment
During construction phase, existing water supply and sanitation facilities
will be utilized by construction workers, thus requiring no addition of
water/wastewater supply and treatment systems.
10.2.3 Socio-Economic Environment
The proposed manpower requirement during construction will be 30-40.
Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) will give preference to local people
through both direct and indirect employment.
10.2.4 Health and Safety
Adequate existing rest area and sanitation facilities will be provided to the
construction workers. Unit will also supply potable water for the
construction workers. The safety department will supervise the safe
working of the contractor and their employees. Work spots will be
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 10-3
maintained clean, provided with optimum lighting and enough ventilation
to eliminate dust/fumes.
10.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT DURING THE OPERATIONAL
PHASE
EMP proposed for implementation is detailed under the following heads:
Air Pollution Control
Wastewater Management
Solid/Hazardous Waste Management
Noise Management
Greenbelt Development
Occupational Safety and Health
Implementation of EMP and monitoring programme
10.3.1 Air Pollution Management
10.3.1.1 Source of Air Pollution and Control MeasuresAt present, flue gas emission is from stacks attached with boiler, Hot air
generator & Thermic Fluid Heater (TFH) and stand by D. G. Set (300
kVA). D. G. Set will be treated as standby & use in case of non-
availability of power and or emergency. After expansion, there will be
addition of flue gas stack of Boiler, Hot air generator & Thermic Fluid
Heater. Most probable pollutants will be SPM, SO2 and NOx. Multi cyclone
dust collector will be installed as APC to control flue gas related pollution.
Current process emission is from the process vessel of CPC blue. After
expansion, process emission will be from process vessel of CPC Blue,
Chlorination & dumping vessel of CPC green, process vessel of alpha blue
and spin flash dryers. Two stage water scrubber, alkali scrubber and bag
filters will be introduced as an APCM. The details of proposed stacks with
their APC measures & height are given in Table 2.8.
Measures to control fugitive emission
The fugitive pollutants of PM, VOCs & Acid mist are likely to emit from
process area. Unit will adopt following measures,
Adequate scrubbing system to absorb the process gas and
condensing systems,
Entire process will be carried out in closed reactors,
Pneumatically transfer of liquid raw material in rector,
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Raw material will be stored in the covered structure,
Regular maintenance of valves, pipes etc,
PPEs will be provided to the workers, and
Frequent work area monitoring will be done ensure fugitive
emissions level.
10.3.1.2 Measures for Solvent RecoveryChoksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) will recover O-Nitrotoluene (ONT),
Xylene, and Monichlorobenzene (MCB) from different processes at the
rate of 95%-96%.
Process Step of Solvent Recovery
After completion of processes to desired conversion of raw materials to
products, the batch will be discharged into Horizontal Rotary Vacuum
Dryer (RVD), where solvent will be removed under vacuum. Recovered
solvent will be recycled in the next batch. Thus, there will be no
generation of spent solvent from the process which needs disposal. After
reusing the recover solvent, only make up (required balance quantity)
will be added in recovered solvent in next batch.
Reaction vessel shall have overhead condenser (primary and a vent
condenser). The primary condenser shall have the utility connection of
cooling water (32-37°C) and secondary condenser shall have utility
connection of chilled water (5-10°C) to recover maximum solvent vapour.
10.3.1.3 Odour Control PlanThere is no considerable odour issue because proposal is for pigment
project. However, all the solid raw materials shall be charged directly to
reactor through special air lock hopper against slight negative pressure
(in water column) so that minimize the fugitive emission which reduce
odour issue, if any.
All liquid raw materials are handled in drum shall be cooled down during
summer before charging so as to minimize its vapour pressure and
control of odour. Liquid from drums shall be charged in day tank or to
reactor with the help of FLP motorized barrel pump. Alternatively,
vacuum lock could also be used in day tank for transfer of liquid from
drum (pumping under vacuum). Proper Personal Protective Equipment
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 10-5
(PPEs) will be provided to the workers who are involved in handling
odorous materials.
10.3.2 Water Environment
At present, total water requirement (Industrial + Domestic + Greenbelt)
is 95.5 KLD. After expansion, it will be increased up to 1537 KLD; out of
which 479 KLD will be fresh water requirement & 1058 KLD will be
recycle/treated water (RO permeate & condensate from MEE). Current
and future source of fresh water is and will be Bore Well. The main source
of the industrial wastewater generation will be from process, washing &
utilities. Currently, unit is treating their wastewater up to CETP-EICL,
Umraya norms fixed by GPCB in in-house ETP. After proposed expansion,
Wastewater generated will be segregated into two streams, process
wastewater and utilities wastewater. Wastewater from process, washing,
scrubber and lab will be treated in ETP followed by RO. RO permeate will
be recycled and RO reject will be treated in MEE/ATFD setup. Effluent
from the utilities (cooling and boiler) will be treated in separate ETP
followed by RO; RO permeate will be recycled and RO reject will be sent
to CETP-EICL, Umraya for final disposal and treatment. Comprehensive
details on the wastewater treatment are provided in Chapter 2 (Water
consumption & wastewater generation in each category and Water
balance diagram is given in Table 2.5 and Figure 2.5, respectively).
10.3.3 Hazardous/Solid Waste Management
Currently the main source of hazardous waste generation is used oil
discarded bags/containers/Liners, and spent carbon only. ETP sludge and
MEE salt will be disposed to approve TSDF site. Whereas discarded
drums/containers are reuse or in case of excess, disposed off by selling to
registered recyclers and used lubricating oil is sold to approve recycler.
Inorganic acid (H2SO4 and HCl), sodium hypo chlorite solution, and
halogenated compounds will be sold to the actual users. The unit has
provided isolated area with impervious flooring & roof cover for the
storage of hazardous waste. Entire quantity of hazardous waste will be
handled and disposed as per Hazardous & Other waste (Management and
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 10-6
Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016. Details of all hazardous waste
disposal are given comprehensively in Chapter 2 (Table 2.8).
Storage and Transportation of Solid/Hazardous Waste:
Proper Hazardous waste storage area with impervious flooring and
covered shed is provided for storage of solid/hazardous waste.
Entire quantity of the hazardous waste is stored in the isolated
hazardous waste storage area within premises having leachate
collection system and roof cover. The storage yard shall be properly
labeled for identification of wastes.
Hazardous waste shall not be stored for a period more than 90 days.
Records of the same shall be maintained and make them available for
inspection.
Properly packed & labeled waste shall be transported through
dedicated vehicle to authorized TSDF facility.
10.3.4 Noise Control
Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) proposes following noise control
measures to minimize the impact of noise on the environment during the
operational phase,
Noise suppression measures such as enclosures, buffers and/or
protective measures should be provided, if required (wherever noise
level is more than 90 dB (A)).
Extensive oiling, lubrication and preventive maintenance will be carried
out for the machineries and equipments to reduce noise generation.
Use of PPE like ear plugs and ear muffs is made compulsory near the
high noise generating machines.
Moreover, the personnel shall be provided breaks in their working
hours, with the continuous exposure not increasing three hours.
The transportation contractor shall be informed to avoid unnecessary
speeding of the vehicles inside the premises.
Acoustic enclosure shall be provided for D.G. set and similar provisions
like noise attenuator wherever suitable/possible.
Areas with high noise levels will be identified and segregated where
possible and will include prominently displayed caution boards.
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Adequate Greenbelt will be developed within industrial premises and
around the periphery to prevent the noise pollution.
Periodic monitoring of noise levels as per post-project monitoring plan
shall be done on regular basis.
By taking measures as mentioned above, it is anticipated that noise
levels in the plant will be maintained below the permissible limit.
10.3.5 Green Belt Development
Tree plantation is one of the effective remedial measures to control the
air pollution and noise pollution. It also causes aesthetics improvement of
the area as well as sustains and supports the biosphere. Choksi Colours
Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) will add to and dense existing greenbelt area to 5665
m2, which will tune around 33% of the project area. Additionally, the unit
will develop the greenbelt in areas available outside the plant.
Design of Green Belt
As far as possible, following guidelines will be considered in greenbelt
development.
The spacing between the trees will be maintained as per SPCB
guideline i.e. 1 tree/4 sqm.
Spaces, so that the trees may grow vertically and slightly increase
the effective height of the greenbelt.
Planting of trees in each row will be in staggered orientation.
The short trees (< 10 m height) will be planted in the first two rows
(towards plant side) of the green belt. The tall trees (> 10 m height)
will be planted in the outer three rows (away from plant side).
Planting methodology
The plantation shall be done in pits. The pit shall be refilled with soil after
the planting. The sampling of healthy, nursery raised, seedlings in
polythene containers shall be transported in baskets. Planting shall be
done after first monsoon showers. The level of soil is about 10 cm above
of ground level. The soil around the plant shall be pressed to form a low
through. About 25 gm chemical fertilizers shall be added. Watering shall
be continued after plantation if any dry spells follows. Planted area shall
be inspected and mortality rate ensured for each species. The dead and
drying plant shall be replaced by fresh seedlings.
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Selection of species for greenbelt
For the development of greenbelt, plants having simple big leaves and
native species are preferred to the plants. The plants are suitable for
greenbelt development based on gaseous exchange capacity of foliage
which is ascertained by the following characteristics:
The plant should be fast growing.
It should have thick canopy cover.
It should be perennial and evergreen.
It should have large leaf area index.
It should be indigenous.
It should be efficient in absorbing pollutants without significant effects
on plant growth.
The objectives of the industrial greenbelt are to improve the micro-
environment. The success depends on the type of land available and
selection of suitable tree species for pollution control. Selection of tree
species for industrial areas is influenced by the nature of industry. The
objective should be to ensure a green cover tolerating pollutant gases
and solid particulates present in the atmosphere. It is also advisable to
select suitable tree species and adopt simple techniques which require
minimum investment and care.
Plantation Programme
Plantation of trees in and around the company are meant mainly to
reduce air pollution caused by factory emissions, to absorb sound, to
prevent soil erosion and to maintain aesthetic value for healthy living.
Floral species recommended for greenbelt
Azadirachtaindica (Neem), Albizialebbeck (Siris), Pongamiapinnata
(Karanj), Ficusreligiosa (Peepal) are suggested for the greenbelt
development with respect to this particular area. They are mostly
deciduous and evergreen tree types suitable to be grown in the area.
Survival rate of trees and post plantation care
Considering the availability of water and general survey of surrounding
area, the survival rate is expected to be around 70-75%. Moreover, the
wire net guards will be provided to protect the saplings. The same will be
properly manured and watered so that it can grow well.
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Protection of plantation site:
Protection from grazing will be done by erecting tree guards a rounded
planted sapling.
Though the tree suggested for plantation will require very less water,
however during the first year watering will be done twice in a day.
There after watering will be done twice in a week.
The manuring will be done when plantation take up. For this propose
cow dung will be dump in the pit. No other manuring will require for
proposed plantation. Cow dung is easily available in the study area.
Damaged plants will be replaced with new plants.
Strict surveillance will be made to increase the survival rate of the
trees.
10.3.6 Occupational Health & Safety Plan
To maintain high standard in Health, Safety and Environment, necessary
key mitigation measures & action plan as EMP has been suggested as
described below.
Post-employment health check-up programs will be carried out on
annually and all records & documents related with employee health
check-up program will be maintained.
As per RA report, all risk control & prevention measures in the unit will
be implemented.
Necessary PPEs, safety equipments/materials to ensure healthy & safe
work conditions will be provided to employees.
The project does not envisage conditions that could lead to excess
heating. Consequently, special requirements for protection against
heat stress are not anticipated. However, ventilation for heat
evacuation, suitable PPEs such as heat for occasional handling of
heated equipment or materials.
All employees will be provided with required set of PPEs like ear plug,
ear muff etc. where noise levels in excess of 80 dB(A) are regularly
generated.
It is recommend that Pre-employment health check-up programs shall
be carried out for every new employee and all records & documents
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related with employee health check-up program shall be maintained
by the proponent.
Safety documents, procedures, guidelines along with MSDS shall be
provided to the associated/concerned personnel engaged in respective
operational activities.
Training programs & safety audit shall be done on regular basis to
prevent impacts of the operational activities on occupational health as
well as to improve workplace condition & safe work system.
The proponent shall ensure implementation of emergency
management plan with provision of fire-fighting equipment/facilities,
first aid & medical facilities, evacuation procedures etc.
Proponent shall also ensure proper implementation & functioning as
well as assess effectiveness of this safety & emergency system on
regular basis throughout the project operation phase.
Details of the separate isolated storage area:
Unit will provide isolated storage area for corrosive chemicals. Details of
storage are given in Table 7.1 of Chapter-7 of EIA report. All the raw
materials are stored in isolated storage area and containers are tightly
closed. The following precautions shall be taken to avoid foreseeable
accident like spillage, fire and explosion hazards and to minimize the
effect of any such accident and to combat the emergency at site level in
case of emergency.
Various emergency spots in plant area will be identified and kept in
sharp and alert watch.
Protective equipment will be regularly checked and will be kept easily
accessible and easily workable during emergency.
Safety installations like available quantity of running water will be
regularly watched.
Fire bucket and hose reels will be provided to withstand the fire or
explosion conditions.
Various types of fire extinguishers such as (Foam type, water CO2
type, CO2 type) will be provided inside the factory premises.
Every pressure vessel will be provided with minimum one or more
pressure relief devices. The design of the valve is made in such a way
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 10-11
that the breakage of any part will not obstruct force discharge of the
liquid under pressure. Moreover, relief valves are tested and a periodic
schedule for their testing shall be maintained. The defective valves will
be removed if found unsafe for the operation.
Plans for Periodic Medical Checkup
Part time doctor is periodically visited the plant for health check-up of
each employee.
Pre-employment health check-up will be followed by periodical health
check-up with special attention to occupational health.
Medical records of each employee will be maintained in prescribed
format as per Factory Act.
The health check-up will be conducted as per the pre-designed format
which will include chest X-rays, Audiometry, Spirometry, Vision
Testing, ECG, Blood and urine test etc.
The work zone monitoring will be conducted on regular basis.
Monitoring of the Occupational Injury & It’s Impact on workers
The action plan will be prepared to monitor the injury to workers:
Each workplace will be evaluated for the existing work conditions.
Unsafe Act &unsafe Practices will be identified.
Unsafe equipment, unsafe areas, etc., will be identified.
Area will be checked for proper Ventilation and Illumination.
Air-borne concentration of toxic chemicals will be measured and
records will be kept.
Evaluation of training & on the job work.
Impact of the above mentioned unsafe conditions on workers will be
studied and remedial measures for the same will be adopted.
10.4 POST-PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
Post-project environmental monitoring suggested herewith should be as
per the guideline. The highlights of the integrated environmental
monitoring plan are:
The stack monitoring facilities like ladder, platform and port-hole of all
the stacks maintained in good condition.
Regular monitoring of all gaseous emissions from stacks &fugitive
emissions in the process areas.
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The performance of air pollution control equipment such as cyclones
and scrubbers will be evaluated based on these monitoring results.
Water consumption in the unit recorded daily.
Analysis of untreated and treated effluent will be carried out regularly.
Performance of effluent treatment plant units evaluated based on
these analysis results.
As far as possible, noise curbed at its source, with the help of acoustic
hoods and other such noise reducing equipment. Regular noise level
monitoring carried out.
Green belt properly maintained and new plantation programmes
undertaken frequently.
Continued environmental awareness programmes carried out within
the employees and also in the surrounding villages.
Rain water harvesting ponds will be developed within the industrial
premises and encouraged in the surrounding villages too.
Table: 10.1 Environment Monitoring Plan
Nature ofAnalysis
Frequency ofanalysis with its
analyzer
Parameters No. of samples
Wastewateranalysis
Monthly by externalagency
pH, TDS, SS, COD,BOD, Oil & Grease,etc.
4-6 samples
Stack Monitoringof each stack
Monthly by externalagency
PM, SO2, NOX,NH3, HCl, Cl2
All stacks
Ambient AirQuality Monitoring
Monthly for 24 hoursor as per thestatutory conditionsby external agency
PM, SO2, NOX,NH3, HCl, Cl2
3-5 locations
Noise level Monthly as per thestatutory conditionsby external agency
Noise level 6-8 locations(Nr. Main gate, Nr.
boiler, Nr. D. G. Set,Process area etc.)
Work zone fugitivemonitoring
Monthly by externalagency
RPM, VOCs, acidmist
2-3 locations
Health check-up ofworkers
As per the statutoryguideline
All workers
10.4.1 Details of Work Place Air Quality Monitoring Plan
Work zone monitoring will be carried out by independent competent third
party every month. Records will be kept in Form No. 37 as per Gujarat
Factories Rules. Location for samplings will be identified. Following
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 10-13
information will be incorporated in the format for maintaining records of
work zone monitoring:
Location/Operation monitored
Identified contaminant
Sampling instrument used
Number of Samples
Range of contaminant concentration as measured in sample
Average concentration
TWA concentration of contaminant (As given in Second Schedule of
Factories Act)
Reference method used for analysis
Number of workers exposed at the location being monitored
Signature of the person taking samples
Other relevant details
10.5 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT BUDGET ALLOCATION
Total capital cost and recurring cost/annum earmarked for environment
pollution control measures by Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) will be as
under.
Table 10.2: Budget Allocation for Environment Management
Sr.No.
ParticularsCapital
Cost
RecurringCost perannum
(In Lakhs)1 Air Pollution Control 90 302 Water pollution Control 245 8003 Noise pollution Control 5 34 Solid/Hazardous waste management 30 655 Environment Monitoring and Management 5 86 Occupational Health 2 47 Green Belt Development Plan 8 88 Rain water harvesting system 15 7
Total 400 925
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10.6 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL
Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) has already set up separate
Environment Management Cell. The major duties & responsibilities of EMC
are as follows:
To implement the Environmental Management Plan
To ensure regular operation &maintenance of pollution control devices
To assure regulatory compliance with all relevant rules and regulations
To minimize environmental impacts of operations by strict adherence
to the EMP
To initiate environmental monitoring as per approved schedule
Review & interpretation of monitored results and corrective measures
in case monitored results are above the specified limit
Maintain documentation of good environmental practices and
applicable environmental laws as ready reference
Maintain environmental related records
Coordination with regulatory agencies, external consultants and
monitoring laboratories
Maintaining log of public complaints and the action taken
10.6.1 Hierarchical Structure of Environmental Management Cell
The hierarchical structure is given below.
ETP in-charge
Safetyofficer
Senior Manager (HSE)
ETPOperator
Senior Vice President(EHS)
Manager
Executive
RO & MEEin-charge
FiremanRO & MEEoperator
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10.6.2 Reporting System of Non-Compliances/Violations of
Environmental Norms
Record keeping and reporting of performance is an important management
tool for ensuring sustainable operation of the unit. Records are maintained
for regulatory, monitoring and operational issues. Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd.
(Unit-II) will develop reporting systems of non-compliances/ violations of
environmental norms to the Board of Directors.
The mechanism is summarized below:
1. Identify deviation/non-compliance/violation of environmental norms
as lay down in consent to operate and letter of Environmental
clearance. Record to communication/complain received from
plausible stake holder.
2. The EHS manager will identify deviation/non-compliance/violation
from failure to comply with statutory requirements.
3. Respond from EHS manager within reasonable time limit to concern
authorities with c/c mark to Technical head.
4. Technical head will take it in action and give necessary guideline to
comply this deviation/non-compliance/violation of environmental
norms. Parallel arrange budget for necessary action to comply the
condition.
5. Communication received from the EHS manager will be discussed in
technical management meeting.
6. Board discussion, Decision and Action
The chairperson will review the information available and take a
decision depending on the seriousness of the violation.
The decision will be taken to ensure the compliance of non-
compliance/violation of environmental norms and it’s safeguarded.
The decision will be taken by consensus and if no consensus is
arrived at, voting will be conducted.
Enlist measures that would undertake to ensure that deviations/
non-compliance/violations of Environmental norms and take care
not to occur same violation in future.
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10.6.3 Framework for Continual Improvement of Environmental
Performance of Organization
10.7 RESOURCE CONSERVATION AND CLEANER PRODUCTION
Steps that are undertaken by the industry are given below:
RO permeate and MEE condensate will be reused to reduce fresh
water demand.
Housekeeping will be regularly maintained. Dedicated staff for the
purpose will be employed.
Solid wastes e.g. powders, spills, etc. in process and packaging are
to be separately collected and disposed of instead of allowing these
to effluent streams. This will reduce load to treatment and increase
the efficiency of treatment system.
Mechanical seals will be provided to the process vessels having
agitator for reduction of fugitive emissions and leakages.
10.8 ENERGY CONSERVATION PROGRAMME
Energy conservation measures are often the easiest, quickest and
cheapest way to reduce costs and be environmentally pro-active. The
conservation efforts would consist of the following:
Ensure proper selection fuel-firing equipments - Burners, mechanical
stokers, etc.
Reduce radiation losses from boilers, furnaces and auxiliary equip-
meant by improved thermal insulation. This will also improve the
working conditions within the building and eliminate unnecessary
ventilation,
EMPImplementation
Monitoring asper EMP
requirement
Internal andExternal Audits
Corrective andPreventive Actions
Review and revision of EMPbased on EnvironmentalPerformance EvaluationImprovement
Mitigationmeasures
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Schedule process operations to avoid fluctuations in boiler loads,
Keep the heat transfer surfaces clean by preventing excessive scale
formation,
Pressure vessels should be designed with a length to diameter ratio
of roughly three as they are the most economical,
Maximize the use of natural lighting through design,
CFLs or LED lights are used in administration building and plant
premises,
Constant monitoring of energy consumption and defining targets for
energy conservation,
Maximize the use of laptop computers over desk top computers as
Laptops use less energy than desk tops and leave a smaller
environmental footprint at end of life,
Adjusting the settings and illumination levels to ensure minimum
energy used for desired comfort levels,
Recycling of water will be done, and
Training to staffs on methods of energy conservation.
10.9 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) refers to voluntary actions
undertaken by company/organization to either improve the living
conditions (economically, socially, environmentally) of local communities
or to reduce the negative effects of the project. Socio-economic
development activities is a concept of organization whereby organizations
serve the interests of society by taking responsibility for the impact of
their activities on customers, employees, shareholders, communities and
the environment in all aspects of their operations.
Following activities will be under taken as a part of CSR under
different heads:
Education
Awarding meritorious school students in SSC & HSC
Science Lab - Equipment & books in libraries for schools
Supports for sport & cultural competitions in schools
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Health and family welfare
Malaria eradication camps (collection of blood sample & detection of
virus & free medicine distribution, blood donation camp)
General Health camp for men, women & kids
Contribution towards primary Health Services depending on local
needs.
Preservation of the Environment and to Sustainable Development
Water harvesting systems in nearby villages.
Landscaping and greenbelt development in & around the project site.
Provide sanitation facilities to villagers.
Others
Contribute in Industrial association’s efforts to build Fire station, start
ITI training institute, and road repairing
Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) proposes to allocate Rs 70 Lakhs
towards Corporate Social Responsibility.
Table: 10.3 Budgetary Provisions for the Social Upliftment
Sr.No.
Activities Total Budget(Rs. in Lakhs)
1 Educational activities 52 Drinking water and sanitation facilities 73 Public Health and family welfare 154 Preservation of Environment, rain water
harvesting & tree plantation23
5 Fire station, ITI training institute, and roadrepairing
20
Total 70
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Chapter-11
Summary & Conclusion
11.1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
11.1.1 General Introduction
M/s. Choksi Colours Private Limited (Unit-II) is an existing unit located at
Survey No. 85/B, ECP Canal Road, AT & P Karakhadi, Tal-Padra, Dist:
Vadodara, Gujarat. Unit is engaged in manufacturing of CPC Blue Crude
with production capacity of 100 MT/month. Now, unit proposes to expand
production capacity of existing product with addition of new products -
Pigment Alpha Blue, Pigment Beta Blue, Activated Crude Blue, and
Pigment Green–7. So after expansion, total production capacity of the
unit will be 1400 MT/month.
11.1.2 Brief project description
Name of the Project Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II)
Existing production capacity 100 MT/month
Total production capacity
after expansion
1400 MT/month
Expansion project cost Rs. 28 crores
Manpower requirement About 100 persons
(existing 35; proposed 65)
Location
Survey No. Survey No. 85/B
Village Karakhadi
Tehsil & District Padra, Vadodara
State Gujarat
Area 17165 m2
Nearest
Railway Station Kural Railway Station, about 7.5 km
Air Port Vadodara Airport, about 40 km
Town Padra, about 20 km
City Vadodara, about 40 km
National Park/ Wildlife
Sanctuary
None, within 10 km radius
Total after expansion
Power Requirement 750 kVA, Source: MGVCL
Water Requirement Total: 1537 KLD;
Fresh water: 479 KLD;
Source of raw water: Bore well
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Wastewater Generation Industrial: 1075 KLD
Domestic: 25 KLD
Fuel Requirement LDO: 125 MT/Month;
Coal/ Agro waste : 1010 MT/Month;
Diesel for D.G. Set: 75 lit/hr.
Source of Air Emission Existing: Steam Boiler, Hot Air generator,
TFH, Process Vessel of CPC Blue, D. G. set.
Proposed: Boiler, Hot Air Generator and TFH,
Process vessel of CPC Blue, alpha blue and
chlorination & dumping vessel of CPC green
and spin flash dryer.
Haz. Waste Generation ETP Waste, MEE Salt, Discarded Containers/Barrels/Liners, Used Lubricating
Oil, Inorganic acid (H2SO4), Inorganic acid (HCl), Sodium hypo chlorite solution, Halogenated compounds (Aluminium chloride).
11.1.3 Investment of the project
Total cost of the existing project is Rs. 14.0 crores. Estimated cost of the
proposed expansion will be around Rs. 28.0 crores. Out of this, Rs. 4
crores will be earmarked as capital investment for additional EMS and Rs.
9.25 crores will be recurring/operating cost per annum.
11.1.4 List of products
Product details with its capacity are given in table below.
Sr.
No.
List of Products Existing
capacity
MTPM
Proposed
addition
MTPM
Total
Capacity
MTPM
1. CPC Blue Crude 100 500 600
2. Pigment Alpha Blue 00 200 200
3. Pigment Beta Blue 00 250 250
4. Activated Crude Blue 00 250 250
5. Pigment Green – 7 00 100 100
Total 100 1300 1400
11.2 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT
11.2.1 Baseline Environmental Study
To predict the impact of the project on the surrounding environment, the
current baseline environmental status was studied by collecting the data
and carrying out monitoring during Oct, 2017 to Dec, 2017 in the study
area of 10 km radius from project site as per the TOR.
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 11-3
11.2.2 Air Environment
The ambient air quality monitoring was carried out at 8 AAQM locations,
with a frequency of twice a week, to assess the existing sub-regional air
quality status during the period of Oct, 2017 to Dec, 2017.
Respirable Dust Sampler & Fine Particular Sampler along with the
analytical methods, prescribed by CPCB was used for carrying out air
quality monitoring. At all these sampling locations; PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and
NOx were monitored on 24-hourly basis to enable the comparison with
ambient air quality standards prescribed by the CPCB. The data on
concentrations of various pollutants were processed for different
statistical parameters like arithmetic mean, standard deviation, minimum
and maximum concentration and various percentile values.
The results are summarized below:
Particulate Matter (PM10) An average and 98th percentile value of 24-hourly PM10 values at all the
locations varied between 69.2 - 79.5 g/m3 and 72.8 - 89.1 g/m3, which
are well within the stipulated standard of CPCB, 100 g/m3.
Particulate Matter (PM2.5)
An average and 98th percentile value of 24-hourly PM2.5 values at all the
locations varied between 33.6 - 39.8 g/m3 and 40.1 - 58.5 g/m3, which
are well within the stipulated standard of CPCB, 60 g/m3.
Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)
An average and 98th percentile value of 24-hourly SO2 value of arithmetic
mean at all the locations ranged between 12.4 – 14.1 g/m3 and 14.4 –
16.9 g/m3 respectively, which are well within the stipulated standards of
80 g/m3.
Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)
An average and 98th percentile value of 24-hourly NOx value of arithmetic
mean at all the locations ranged between 14.5-16.2 g/m3 and 16.5-19.5
g/m3 respectively, which are much lower than the standards stipulated
by CPCB, i.e. 80 g/m3.
Conclusion:
The quality of ambient air in the study area is compared with AAQM
Standards prescribed by CPCB & found below the prescribed standards.
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 11-4
11.2.3 Water Environment
Eight surface water & eight ground water samples were collected during
the study period.
Surface Water Quality
Surface water samples were collected from Mahi river and ponds of
Gametha, Abhol, Muval, Gajana, Piludra, Masar, Vadu. Results of the
same are given in Chapter-3 of EIA report.
Conclusion:
It was observed that, results of all the physico-chemical parameters and
heavy metals except turbidity from surface water samples are below
stipulated drinking water standards IS: 10500-2012 & it is suitable for
domestic purposes after filtration.
Ground Water Quality
Ground water samples have been collected from project site, Karakhadi,
Dudhwada, Gametha, Tithor, Muval, Chokari and Dabka villages.
The summary of the analysis is as below:
Color: All the samples were found colorless.
pH: All the samples meet the desirable standards (pH ranges from 7.25-
7.7).
Total Dissolved Solids (TDS): TDS in samples ranges from 1298 mg/L
(Muval) to 3118 mg/L (Tithor). Samples of Karkhadi, Dudhvada, Tithor,
and Chokari does not meet the permissible limit of 2000 mg/L TDS.
Calcium: Calcium contents in the water ranges from 47 mg/L (Muval) to
95 mg/L (Dudhvada), all the samples meet the permissible limit of 200
mg/L, (Permissible Limit in the Absence of Alternate Source).
Magnesium: Magnesium content in the water ranges from 40 mg/L
(Muval) to 79 mg/L (Dudhvada). All the samples meet the permissible
limit of 100 mg/L (Permissible Limit in the Absence of Alternate Source).
Sulfate: Sulfate content in the water ranges from 78 mg/L (Muval) to
174 mg/L (Dudhvada). All the samples meet the permissible limit of 400
mg/L for drinking water (Permissible Limit in the Absence of Alternate
Source).
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 11-5
Fluoride: Fluoride content in the water ranges from 0.49 mg/L (Dabka)
to 0.81 mg/L (Muval). All the samples meet the permissible limit (1.5
mg/L).
Total Alkalinity: Total alkalinity in the water samples ranges from 328
mg/L (Dabka) to 385 mg/L (Muval). All the samples are within the
permissible limit of drinking water (600 mg/L) (Permissible Limit in the
Absence of Alternate Source).
Other Parameters: Potassium (ranges from 71 mg/L to 116 mg/L),
Sodium (ranges from 385 mg/L to 981 mg/L) and Chloride (ranges from
618 mg/L to 1619 mg/L). Samples of Karkhadi, Dudhvada, Tithor, and
Chokari does not meet the permissible limit of 1000 mg/L Chlorides.
Heavy metals like copper, lead, chromium and zinc are well below the
limit in all samples.
Conclusions:
Ground water samples from villages - Karkhadi, Dudhvada, Tithor, and
Chokari do not meet the permissible limit set by the authority (BIS).
Therefore, ground water of Karkhadi, Dudhvada, Tithor, and Chokari may
not be considered fit for drinking purpose.
CPCB report – “Report on Groundwater Pollution in Luna, Dudhwada,
Piludara area near Vadodara, Gujarat” Published on July 2016 has
reported Groundwater Pollution in this area. Village Dudhvada (mentioned
in the CPCB report) falls within the study area of 10-km radius. The
report is attached herewith in Annexure-XII (Page no: A-128).
11.2.4 Noise Environment
Noise monitoring has been conducted at eight locations in the study area.
The Leq (Ld) values of noise levels during day-time varied from 51.9 to
60.4 dB(A) and the night time Leq (Ln) varied from 40.1 to 54.1 dB(A)
within the study area. Higher noise value of 60.4 dB (A) was recorded
during day time at project site & lower noise value of 40.1 dB(A) was
recorded during night time in Chokari Village.
11.2.5 Soil Quality
Soil samples were collected from 8 different locations and analyzed to
assess the soil quality prevailing in the study area. Physical
characteristics of soil have been delineated through specific parameters,
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 11-6
viz. particle size distribution (grain size analysis), porosity, water holding
capacity and permeability whereas data for chemical characterization of
soil, viz. pH, electrical conductivity, cation exchange capacity and sodium
absorption ratio have been analyzed.
11.2.6 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
Baseline data for flora & fauna has been collected with its family. It was
found that, none of the species of conservation importance exists in the
study area and no endangered species found in the study area.
11.2.7 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
Socio-economic study includes description of demography, available basic
amenities like housing, health care services, transportation, education
facilities. Information on the above said parameters has been collected to
define the socio-economic profile of the study area (10-km radius).
11.3 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION
MEASURES
Impact identification has been carried out for various activities involved in
construction as well as operational phase of the project and prediction
has been done for significant impacts. The summary of anticipated
adverse environmental impacts due to proposed expansion project and
mitigation measures is given below.
11.3.1 Summary of impacts on Air Environment:
(a) During construction phase & Mitigation measures
Main sources of impact during construction phase are due to movement
of vehicles & construction equipment at site, foundation works,
transportation of construction material etc. Water sprinkling in the vicinity
of the construction area will be done to control dust. PUC certified
vehicles will be used. Temporary barricades will be provided to reduce
spreading of particulates from construction area.
(b) During operation phase & Mitigation measures
Main source of air emission will be point source & fugitive emission. At
present, flue gas emission is from stack of Boiler, Thermic Fluid Heater,
Hot Air Generator, and D.G. set. After expansion, one boiler, one TFH and
one HAG will be installed wherein coal/agro waste will be used as fuel.
Current process gas emission is from process vessel of CPC Blue and after
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 11-7
expansion process vessel of CPC Blue and Alpha Blue, chlorination and
dumping vessel for CPC green and spin flash dryers (4 nos.) will be
installed. Emitted pollutants will be SPM, SO2, NOX, NH3, HCl, and Cl2.
Prediction of impacts on air environment is quantified using ISCST3
model. Maximum Ground level concentrations of 24-hr average for SPM,
SO2, NOx, NH3, HCl, and Cl2 from the proposed expansion activity are
6.921 g/m3, 2.743 g/m3, 1.549 g/m3, 4.515 g/m3, 0.179 g/m3, and
0.089 g/m3, respectively. These GLCs of SPM, SO2, NOx are expected to
occur at a distance of 1.0 km from the source in W direction & for NH3,
HCl, and Cl2 occur at a distance of 1.0 km from the source in N direction.
The obtained GLCs are well within the 24-hourly ambient air quality
standards stipulated by CPCB.
Due to use of coal/agro waste multi cyclone dust collector is and will be
used as APCM. For control of process emissions from process vessels two
stage water scrubbers, alkali scrubber; and from spin flash dryer, bag
filters will be used as APCM. Adequate stack height and facility for
sampling such as ladder & sampling point is and will be provided as per
the SPCB guidelines for proper dispersion of pollutants.
11.3.2 Summary of impacts on Water Environment
(a) Impacts during construction phase & Mitigation measures:
Temporary impacts are likely to occur due to water consumption &
sewage generation. It will not be significant as water requirement would
be temporary during construction phase. Proper sanitation facilities with
adequate disposal system are already exists within the operational plant.
(b) Impacts during operation phase & Mitigation measures:
Fresh water requirement of the unit is satisfied from own bore well. At
present, total water requirement is 95.5 KLD. After expansion; water
requirement will be increase up to 1537 KLD; Out of which, 479 KLD will
be fresh water requirement.
Total w/w generation will be 1100 KLD. Currently, the effluent is treated
in an adequate Effluent Treatment Plant having primary & tertiary
treatment units. After expansion, unit will modify its existing treatment
scheme. Wastewater from process, washing, scrubber and lab will be
treated in ETP followed by RO. RO permeate will be recycled and RO
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 11-8
reject will be treated in MEE/ATFD setup. Effluent from the utilities
(cooling and boiler) will be treated in separate ETP followed by RO; RO
permeate will be recycled and RO reject will be sent to CETP-EICL,
Umraya for final disposal and treatment. Hence, no impact on the water
environment is envisaged.
11.3.3 Impacts on Noise quality & Mitigation measures
(a) Impacts during construction phase & Mitigation measures:
During construction phase, major sources of noise are vehicle’s
movement & construction activities. High noise producing activities will be
restricted to daytime only. Well maintained equipment will be used to
prevent noise generation. Usage of PPE by workers & proper maintenance
of machineries will be done to reduce impact of noise.
(b) Impacts during operation phase & Mitigation measures:
During the operation phase, the noise levels may increase due to the
operation of boiler, reactors, D. G. set and other machineries. The impact
is found to be insignificant outside the premises. Unit will provide
necessary PPEs like earplugs or earmuffs to all workers where exposure is
85 dB (A) or more and selection of any new plant equipment will be made
with specification of low noise levels.
11.3.4 Summary of Impacts on Land Environment
(a) Impacts during construction phase & Mitigation measures:
The construction activities like excavation, leveling & vehicular
movements will change the landscape, which are expected to be of short
duration and insignificant. Preliminary activities like proper storage of
construction materials & proper management will be done within the
project area. Therefore, impact will be negligible. Unit will provide
sanitation facilities for the staff engaged in construction work which will
prevent the impacts on land.
(b) Impacts during operation phase & Mitigation measures:
Hazardous wastes have significant negative impacts if disposed
unsystematically. Unit has provided all required structural facilities like
separate hazardous waste storage room with RCC floor, leachate
collection system and concrete floors within premises. Entire quantity of
hazardous waste will be handled and disposed as per Hazardous & Other
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 11-9
Waste (Management & Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016. Hence,
no significant negative impact is envisaged on the land environment.
11.3.5 Summary of impact on Socio Economy
(a) Impacts during construction phase & Mitigation measures:
As the proposed expansion will be in the existing unit, no R&R is required.
Local contractors to be employed for construction, so no other issues like,
social conflict are envisaged. Temporary employment generated during
construction of project will have beneficial impacts on economic
environment.
(b) Impacts during operation phase & Mitigation measures:
Expansion project will require about 65 additional persons for its
operation, which result into a positive impact on prevailing socio-
economic environment. Project will also have potential of indirect
employment due to the increase transportation activities, contractual
works as well as opportunity of trade. Thus, overall impacts on socio-
economic environment are long term and positive in nature.
11.3.6 Summary of impact on Ecology
Unit is under operation and proposed expansion will be done in the
existing premises only. There are no protected areas like National
Park/Wildlife Sanctuary within the 10 km radial periphery of the project
site so there will not be any significant impact on ecology.
11.4 ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PROGRAMME
The unit has a dedicated Environment Management Cell to monitor and
evaluate the environmental performance and to supervise the
environment management measures. Budgetary provision for
environment & safety management system has been made in the project
planning with additional Rs. 2.75 crores of capital cost and 1.50 crores
recurring cost per annum. Below Post-project monitoring programme will
be followed.
Environment Monitoring Program
Nature of Analysis Frequency of analysis with
its analyzer
Parameters
Wastewater analysis Monthly by external agency pH, TDS, SS, COD, Oil & Grease, etc.
Stack Monitoring of Monthly by external agency PM, SO2, NOX,
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 11-10
each stack NH3, HCl, Cl2
Ambient Air Quality Monitoring
Monthly for 24 hours or as per the statutory conditions
by external agency
PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX, NH3, HCl, Cl2
Noise level Monthly as per the statutory conditions by external agency
Nr. Main gate, Nr. boiler, Nr. D. G. Set, Process area etc.
Work zone fugitive
monitoring
Monthly by external agency RPM, acid mist, VOCs
Health check-up of workers
As per the statutory guideline All workers
11.5 ADDITIONAL STUDIES
11.5.1 Risk Assessment
Risk analysis and study have been carried out for identification of
accident hazards, selection of credible scenarios, Risk Mitigation
measures etc. All the hazardous chemicals will be stored and handled as
per MSDS guidelines. The detail study is prescribed in Chapter-7.
11.6 PROJECT BENEFITS
Proposed expansion project has a potential for employment of skilled,
semi-skilled & unskilled employees. The direct employment potential after
proposed expansion is estimated as 65 additional persons and many
others will be indirectly employed. Indirectly, the proposed expansion will
help the Government by paying different taxes (sales tax, excise duty,
etc.) from time to time, which is a part of revenue and thus, will help in
developing the area. The company has allocated a budget of 70 Lakhs for
CSR activities, which can lead to improve social infrastructure.
11.7 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
EMP includes the protection & mitigation measures to be implemented to
reduce the adverse impact on the environment. Management plan of
impacts identified is detailed below:
Air Pollution Management
Flue gas emission is/will be from boiler, thermic fluid heater and hot air
generator. Due to use of LDO and coal/agro waste as fuel, multi cyclone
dust collected is/will be used as an APCM. At present, process gas
emission is from the stack attached to process vessel of CPC blue. After
expansion, process gas emission will be from process vessels, dumping
and chlorination vessels and spin flash dryer. Two stage water scrubber,
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 11-11
alkali scrubber and bag filters will be introduced as an APCM. Appropriate
stack height and SMF is provided as per the guideline. To control the
fugitive emissions, unit will adopt following mitigation measures. • Regular maintenance of valves, pumps and other equipment will be
done to prevent leakages.
• Mechanical seals will be provided to all the reactors.
• Regular periodic monitoring of work area to check the fugitive
emission.
Water Pollution Management
• Industrial wastewater from process, lab, scrubber and washing will be
treated in adequate in-house ETP(a) followed to RO-MEE.
• Utilities wastewater will be treated in ETP(b) & RO set-up; reject RO
water will be sent to CETP-EICL, Umraya.
• RO Permeate and condensate of MEE will be reused within premises.
• Sewage will be treated in STP. Treated water will be reused for
greenbelt development.
• Regular monitoring of working of ETP, RO & MEE.
• Unit will maintain the records for the total water consumption.
• Rain water harvesting structure will be installed outside the factory
premises.
Hazardous Waste Management
Entire quantity of hazardous waste will be handled and disposed as per
Hazardous & Other Waste (Management & Transboundary Movement)
Rules, 2016. Currently unit is disposing its ETP sludge at TSDF site. After
expansion, ETP sludge and MEE salt will be disposed to approve TSDF
site. Whereas discarded drums/containers are/will be reused and in case
of excess, disposed of by selling to registered recyclers. Used lubricating
oil is/will be sold to approve recyclers. HCl, sodium hypo chlorite, and
aluminum chloride will be sold to the actual users. The unit has provided
isolated area with impervious flooring for the storage of hazardous waste.
Thus, hazardous waste management system provided by the unit will be
adequate and there will not be any major impact on the environment due
to hazardous waste.
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 11-12
Noise Pollution Management
• Extensive oiling, lubrication and Regular maintenance will be carried
out for the machineries and equipments to reduce noise generation.
• PPEs will be provided to the workers working in high noise area.
• Noise control equipments are provided for D.G. set.
• Greenbelt will be increased within industrial premises to prevent the
noise pollution.
• Periodic monitoring of noise levels will be done.
Green Belt Development
The unit will add to and dense existing greenbelt area to 5665 m2, which
will tune around 33% of the project area. Additionally, the unit will
develop the greenbelt in areas available outside the plant.
11.8 CONCLUSION
Based on the study it is concluded that-
There will be no major impact on water environment as (i) effluent
from lab, scrubber, process and washing will be treated in ETP(a)
followed by RO and MEE (ii) Utility wastewater will be treated in
ETP(b) followed by RO; RO reject will be sent to CETP-EICL,
Umraya. (iii) Domestic sewage will be treated in STP.
After expansion, new ETP-RO-MEE scheme is proposed for maximum
recycle/reuse purpose. Thus, reducing fresh water consumption
load.
Multi cyclone dust collector will be used as pollution control
equipments for control of flue gas emission.
Two stages water scrubber, Alkali scrubber and bag filter will be
installed as pollution control equipments for process emission from
the unit.
Fugitive emission will be controlled by close material handling
system and proper storage of materials.
For noise control, unit will provide necessary PPEs like earplugs or
earmuffs to all workers and selection of any new plant equipment
will be made with specification of low noise levels.
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 11-13
Entire quantity of hazardous waste will be handled and disposed as
per Hazardous & Other Waste (Management & Transboundary
Movement) Rules, 2016.
Greenbelt will be developed in 33% of the total area.
Safety measures will be provided against Fire.
Direct and indirect employment opportunities will have positive
impact.
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Final EIA Report of Choksi Colours Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) 12-1
Chapter-12Disclosure of Consultant engaged
12.1 PREFACE
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd. (SEPL) has been appointed by Choksi Colours
Pvt. Ltd. (Unit-II) to carry out this Environmental Impact Assessment
Study as per the EIA notification, 2006 as amended till date.
SEPL is accredited as Category-A organization under the QCI-NABET
Scheme for accreditation of EIA consultant Organizations: Version 3 for
preparing EIA-EMP reports in 10 sectors (Annexure-I; Certificate No.
NABET/EIA/1619/RA0084; Valid till 23.12.2019).
12.2 DETAILS OF EIA CONSULTANT ORGANIZATION
San Envirotech Pvt. Ltd. has started its work in 1990 to serve the
environment as a trustee of next generation with a small infrastructure
under the dynamic leadership of Dr. Mahendra Sadaria. SEPL has wide
spectrum of national and multinational clients covering the industries -
Bulk Drugs and Pharmaceuticals, Dyes and Dye Intermediates, Pesticides,
Fertilizers, Chemicals, Cement, Mining, and Infrastructure. During last
two decades, SEPL has been taking care of client’s unique problems and
concerns in order to develop cost effective strategies to meet their
regulatory obligations. SEPL focuses on strategic planning and
comprehensive solutions to address both short and long term needs of
the clients.
SEPL has in-house multi-disciplinary analytical testing laboratory that is
MoEFCC approved under EP Act. SEPL is also a recognized schedule-II
Environmental Auditor appointed by Gujarat Pollution Control Board as
per the directives of the Honorable High Court of Gujarat. SEPL is also an
ISO 9001:2008, 14001:2008 and OHSAS 18001 certified company. SEPL
team consists of qualified & experienced personnel. Experts involved in
the preparation of this EIA/EMP report are given in EIA report as
‘declaration by experts’.