CHM 101/102CHM 101/102

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Gas LawsGas Laws

General Chemistry 101/102General Chemistry 101/102Laboratory ManualLaboratory Manual

University of North Carolina at WilmingtonUniversity of North Carolina at Wilmington

CHM 101/102CHM 101/102

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Gas LawsGas Laws

• PurposePurpose To study the relationships that exist among the To study the relationships that exist among the

properties of temperature, pressure, and volume properties of temperature, pressure, and volume for gases.for gases.

To learn methods for measuring the temperature, To learn methods for measuring the temperature, pressure, and volume of gases.pressure, and volume of gases.

• Safety ConsiderationsSafety Considerations There are no special safety considerations There are no special safety considerations

associated with this activity.associated with this activity. There are no chemical wastes generated by this There are no chemical wastes generated by this

activity.activity.

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Gas LawsGas Laws

• Part 1: Boyle’s LawPart 1: Boyle’s Law

Open the Applications Open the Applications folder on your computer folder on your computer and double click on the and double click on the “Microlab” Prompt as “Microlab” Prompt as shown in the photo.shown in the photo.

CHM 101/102CHM 101/102

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Gas LawsGas Laws

• Part 1: Boyle’s LawPart 1: Boyle’s Law

Click on the “Gas Click on the “Gas Laws” prompt and Laws” prompt and then double click on then double click on the “Boyles Law” the “Boyles Law” program to open up program to open up the file for the first the file for the first part of the part of the experiment.experiment.

CHM 101/102CHM 101/102

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• Procedure: Part 1: Boyle’s LawProcedure: Part 1: Boyle’s Law Obtain the plastic tubing Obtain the plastic tubing

and two syringes located and two syringes located in the ziplock bag labeled in the ziplock bag labeled “Gas Laws Experiment”, “Gas Laws Experiment”, located in the plastic located in the plastic container for Microlab container for Microlab Equipment.Equipment.

Disconnect the plastic Disconnect the plastic tubing from the syringe. tubing from the syringe. Connect the fitting of the Connect the fitting of the tubing to the port labeled tubing to the port labeled “Pressure” on the back of “Pressure” on the back of the Microlab kit as shown the Microlab kit as shown in the picture to the right.in the picture to the right.

CHM 101/102CHM 101/102

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Gas LawsGas Laws

• Procedure: Part 1: Boyle’s LawProcedure: Part 1: Boyle’s Law

Obtain a syringe Obtain a syringe with a plunger and with a plunger and open the plunger open the plunger up to the 10 mL up to the 10 mL mark. mark.

Now, re-connect Now, re-connect the other end of the other end of the plastic tubing the plastic tubing to the top of the to the top of the syringe.syringe.

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Gas LawsGas Laws Begin data collection by Begin data collection by

clicking the “Start” clicking the “Start” prompt.prompt.

While holding the While holding the plunger of the syringe plunger of the syringe steady at 10 mL, type in steady at 10 mL, type in the value “10” in the the value “10” in the keyboard input box. keyboard input box.

Click on “Enter and Click on “Enter and Continue” for the volume Continue” for the volume and pressure data to be and pressure data to be collected. collected.

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Gas LawsGas Laws Move the plunger to the 9 mL Move the plunger to the 9 mL

mark and type in this value in mark and type in this value in the input box, then press the input box, then press “Enter and Continue”. “Enter and Continue”.

Set the plunger to Set the plunger to subsequent volume settings subsequent volume settings (ex. 8, 7, 6, 5 and then up to (ex. 8, 7, 6, 5 and then up to 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 mL). mL).

Press “Enter and Continue” Press “Enter and Continue” while holding the plunger at while holding the plunger at each volume setting.each volume setting.

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After you have After you have completed your completed your measurements, measurements, press the “Stop” press the “Stop” prompt.prompt.

Volume and Volume and pressure data will pressure data will be available in the be available in the table below the table below the graph, as in the graph, as in the photo shown.photo shown.

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Your graph will Your graph will look similar to the look similar to the one on the photo, one on the photo, where the red line where the red line indicates pressure indicates pressure on the y-axis (in on the y-axis (in units of torr) units of torr) versus volume on versus volume on the x-axis (in mL).the x-axis (in mL).

(Ignore the blue (Ignore the blue line.)line.)

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Before beginning Before beginning Part 2 of the Part 2 of the experiment you experiment you will be asked if will be asked if you would like to you would like to save the data save the data from Part 1. from Part 1. Always click Always click “NO”. “NO”.

• Procedure: Part 2: Pressure vs TemperatureProcedure: Part 2: Pressure vs Temperature

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To begin the second To begin the second experiment open the experiment open the Applications and Applications and Microlab folders.Microlab folders.

Click on “Gas Laws” Click on “Gas Laws” and then double click and then double click on the experiment on the experiment labeled “Pressure vs. labeled “Pressure vs. Temperature Temperature Relationship-CHM Relationship-CHM 102”.102”.

Part 2: Pressure versus TemperaturePart 2: Pressure versus Temperature

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Gas LawsGas Laws Connect the temperature Connect the temperature

sensor to the sensor to the temperature port A in temperature port A in front of the Microlab Kit.front of the Microlab Kit.

Remove the syringe with Remove the syringe with the plunger and attach the plunger and attach the syringe containing the syringe containing the black stopper to the the black stopper to the plastic tubing.plastic tubing.

Remove the rubber stopper from the syringe and Remove the rubber stopper from the syringe and then push it back in making sure it fits tightly.then push it back in making sure it fits tightly.

Use a rubber band to attach the temperature sensor Use a rubber band to attach the temperature sensor to the syringe as shown in the photo.to the syringe as shown in the photo.

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• Procedure: Part 2Procedure: Part 2

Place the syringe in Place the syringe in each water bath, each water bath, starting with ice water, starting with ice water, for two minutes. for two minutes.

Record both the Record both the temperature and temperature and pressure readings pressure readings observed for each observed for each water bath.water bath.

icewater

roomtemp

hotwater

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• Procedure: Part 2Procedure: Part 2

Click “Continue” Click “Continue” when the syringe when the syringe and temperature and temperature probe are probe are immersed in the immersed in the water bath.water bath.

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Gas LawsGas Laws• Procedure: Part 2Procedure: Part 2

Pressure and temperature Pressure and temperature values will be collected for values will be collected for each water bath.each water bath.

You may wish to collect You may wish to collect data for combinations of data for combinations of water bath temperatures water bath temperatures by adding some ice to the by adding some ice to the tap water, or to the hot tap water, or to the hot water. This will give you water. This will give you more than just 3 data more than just 3 data points for your points for your experiment.experiment.

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Gas LawsGas Laws• Procedure: Part 2Procedure: Part 2

When you have When you have finished data finished data collection click the collection click the “Stop” prompt.“Stop” prompt.

A graph of A graph of pressure on the y-pressure on the y-axis (in torr) versus axis (in torr) versus temperature on the temperature on the x-axis (in Celsius) x-axis (in Celsius) will be drawn for will be drawn for you, similar to the you, similar to the one in the photo.one in the photo.