Upload
elwin-stewart
View
221
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
CHINESE PHILOSOPHIES
Confucianism• Founded by Confucius
• Duty (responsibility) is the central idea
• Filial Piety is very important
• Focus on education, ethics, and morality
• He wanted to reform the government from within
• Believe all government jobs should be open to everyone
• His sayings were collected in a book called The Analects
• Not concerned with spirituality, but with bettering people for a more stable society
Buddhism• Founded by Siddhartha Guatama (“The Buddha”) in India
• The Leader: The Dalai Lama
• Believes in nirvana – the “end of suffering”
• The Four Nobel Truths and the Eightfold Path are core parts of Buddhism
• Buddhism has two branches: Mahayana Buddhism and Theravada Buddhism
Daoism• Started by a man named Laozi
• It focuses on giving up worldly desires and living harmoniously with nature
• They believed people should turn to the spiritual force called the Dao (path – “the way”)
• Many Chinese followed both Confucianism and Daoism as they thought the two supported one another
• This is often shown through spiritual forces they called Yin and Yang
Legalism• Started by a name named Hanfeizi
• Unlike Confucianism, Legalism believed that people were naturally evil
• Hanfeizi believed that kings should make strict laws and harsh punishments to force people to do the right thing
• Legalists believed the law was above everyone, including the king
• Many aristocrats and kings liked legalism because it justified their rule by any means necessary
• However, in time it led to extreme punishment even for small crimes