Chinese Limit European Contact

Reading Notes: 102-107

Ming Dynasty

• Ruled region and expected tribute from Korea to south East Asia

• When the Europeans arrived they expected the same

Rise of Ming

• Drove out the Mongols in 1368• Transformed agricultural economy• Returned to traditional Confucisum• In 1405 Yonglo (the Emperor) began sending out

voyages – Zheng Le was the voyager.• Tried to extend tribute system• Many criticized these trips• Yonglo has the forbidden city built

Foreigners

• By the 1500’s China attempted to Isolate itself by forcing foreigners to only trade at 3 ports…but smuggling existed

• China was offended by merchants

• Also were offended by Missionaries

Manchu

• Corruption led to the collapse of the Ming

• 1644 Manchu invaded from the north…Took on the name of Qing Dynasty lasted 260 years

• Forced men to wear ponytail (que) as a sign of submission

Qian Long to King George III

“ There is nothing we lack, as your principal envoy and others have themselves observed. We have never set much store on strange or ingenious objects, nor do we need any more of your country’s manufacturers”

European Trade

• Dutch followed rules by only trading at ports and by kowtowing

• By 1800 80% of trade was tea

• Great Britain however demanded better trading relations…and its ambassadors would bow but not kowtow

Korea

• Both China and Japan wanted Korea because of the wealth of the Peninsula

• Korea was a Chinese vassal

• Koreans began to form a national identity

Women

• Men were seen as superior because of family descendent

• Practice of foot binding

Summary Questions

1) Which Chinese Dynasty started in 1600’s?

2) The Qin Dynasty was established by this ethnic group.

3) What nation was a vassal state under the Qing?

4) Who was the Emperor who attempted to strengthen Chinese tribute system by sending out voyages, and built the Forbidden City?

5) This European Nation gained favor by paying tribute to the Chinese and Kowtowing to the Emperors officials.

6) The Chinese Muslim Explorer that led seven voyages throughout Asia.