China - Medical Research on Bio-Effects of Electromagnetic Pulse and High-Pwer Microwave Radiation

8/6/2019 China - Medical Research on Bio-Effects of Electromagnetic Pulse and High-Pwer Microwave Radiation

1/8

ECREII(N9F8r\iQIIMR Page 1

SECRETIlNOF8Rl4i i iVi 'Fr NGIC Assessment

Da te o f Publ ic at io n: 2 005- 08 -1 7(U) China: Medical Research on Bio-Effects 'of

Electromagnetic Pulse and High-Power MicrowaveRadiation(U ) Pu rpose

(U ) T he p urpo se of th is re po rt is to e xplore th e po ssible m ea nin gs a nd relev an t im plica tion s o fC hina 's m ed ica l res ea rch o n the bio-e ffects of in ten se h igh -po wer m icro wa ve (H PM ) a nde le ct romagne tic p uls e (EMP) r ad ia ti on .

(U) Key Points (U ) A te am of C hine se m ed ica l re se arc he rs ha s rec en tly re po rte d (o pe n foru m) re sea rch a ctivityrelate d to stud ie s o f th e b ie -e ffe cts of h ig h-p ow er m icro wa ve (H PM ) an d elec tro ma gne tic p ulse(EMP) rad ia ti on . (U ) A nim als stud ie d includ ed m ice , ra ts, rab bits, d og s, a nd m onke ys. D ose-relate d effe cts o ne ye s, bra in , h ea rt, b on e m arrow , rep ro du ctive , an d o the r v ital o rga ns w ere re porte d. T here se arc he rs ' in te re st in p ote ntia l h uman e ffe cts is a pp are nt.r l'~~I ------~b~1-----------------------------------

I b1

b1

b1 I\b1

~I[ b1b1

(U) The Medical Experiments

132


2/8

b1

(U ) C hin es e med ic al re se arc he rs p re se nte d th re e b rie fin gs a t th e A sia -P ac ific E le ctroma gn eticF ie ld s, R ese arc h, H ea lth E ffe cts , a nd S ta nd ard s H arm on iza tio n C on fe re nc e in B an gko k, T ha ila nd(26 to 3 0 January 2004). on the bio-effects of intense H PM and EMP radiation. Although the datap re se nte d re la te d o nly to an im al e xp erim en ts (m ic e, ra ts, ra bb its , d og s, a nd m on ke ys ), a ll th re ebriefings m ade it clear that the real purpose w as to investigate potential hum an effects of exposure tothese specific radiations. O ne briefing, "E ffects and M echanism s of E MF and H PM on O pticalS ystem s in M onkey, Dog, and R abbit," dealt m ostly with eye injury. "B io-effects of S -Freq uency HighPow er M icrow ave E xposure on R at H ippocam pus" dealt m ostly w ith brain injury. The third and finalb rie fin g. "T he S pe cie s S pe cificity a nd S en sitive T arg et O rg ans o f In ju ry In du ce d b y E lec tro mag ne ticR adiation (810-E FFE CT S O F EMP AN D HPM)," dealt w ith species-related injury thresholds for alla ffe cte d o rg an s. D os e-e ffe cts re la tio ns hip s w ere e sta blis he d in a ll th re e s tu die s. A bs tra cts fo r th es ep re se nta tio ns a re a va ila ble o n th e In te rn et. b M em bers of the research team are affiliated w ith theIn stitute of R ad ia tio n M ed icine o f th e A ca demy o f M ilita ry M ed ica l S cie nc es, B eijin g. A s en io rm em be r o f th e te am is in volve d in o rg an iz in g T he F ou rth In te rn atio nal S em in ar o n E lec tro ma gn eticF ie ld s a nd B io lo gic al E ffe cts , s ch ed ule d to be h eld in K unmin g, C hin a, 12 to 16 September 2005.(U) E xp os ure L ev els~ Exposures ranged up to 16 W/cm2 (H PM ) a nd 60 k V/m (EMP ) fo r w ho le b od y s in gle -p ulsei rr ad ia ti on w it h 20 n s rise -tim e a nd 30 us duration. (This rise-tim e is too slow and the duration is toos ho rt fo r a real nuclear E MP, but these param eters m ay be as close as these researchers couldcom e to sim ulating a real E MP .) These levels of exoosure could on Iv have resulted from close-ranoe. i i' fiJi' . I ~nllrr.A~1 b1 Ib1 I From the nature of the reported organInJunes, it is likely that the freq uencies for these sources ranged from the tens of M Hz to the low GHzrange (E MP falls prim arily in the low er range w hile H PM occupies the upper range). This sensitiv ity isa rec en t p he nome no n b ec au se th es e s am e re se arc he rs pu blish ed the r esult s o f r ela te d e xper imentsin 2001 in w hi ch full d eta ils o f s ou rc es a nd ra dia tio n p arame te rs w ere p ro vid ed . A n EMP sim ula to rdeveloped jointly by the A cadem y of M ilitary M edical S ciences and the N ational U niversity ofD efense T echnoloQ v w as the source for the 2001 publication I \b1 I(U) V is io n Expe riments

~

b1(U) B ra in S tu dy

~

(U) Species Specificity an d Mortality Study~ b11 b1 ~------------------------------------~

..&CRIiTMtI8f'ORNIlPiliR Page 2

13 3


3/8

Page 3

.l_-,-;;-:--;:---;-;,----.,. __ -::-_----;--:--.,----:-.--;-_-:;---:---;-:~__-~ B ya pro cess o f e xtra po la tion , onem igh t be a ble to use the se d ata to set da ng er th resh olds fo r h um an e xpo sure . T he high m ortalityra te s o f a nim als (esp ecially fo r prim ates ) e xp ose d to EMP ra diatio n in the re ce nt C hin es ee xpe rim ents a re in g rap hic con trast to the la ck of re po rted bio-e ffe cts a ssoc iate d w ith EMPexp osu res du rin g the period o f atm osph eric nu cle ar testing (19 50 S/19 60 s) by th e U nited S tates an do the r na tion s. T his is p rob ab ly a co nse qu en ce of th e extre mely hig h fie ld stren gths u se d in theCh inese expe rimen ts .

b1(U) Antipersonnel RFWeapons?

~Although it is clear that the real purpose of the Chinese medical experiments is to learn thep ote ntia l hu man effects of ex po sure to p ow erfu l EMP a nd HPM ra dia tio n, an an tipe rso nn el R Fw ea po n s ystem fa lls sho rt of an ad eq ua te e xplan atio n fo r th is ac tivity (u nless o ne assumes it isin te nd ed p rim arily fo r to rtu rin g p ris on ers ). T he a bs en ce o f p romp t e ffe cts , c ou ple d w ith th e c lo sera ng e re qu ireme nt, re nd ers th e C hin es e s ou rc es u se d in th e med ic al e xp erim en ts m ilita rily u se le ssa s a ntip ers on ne l d evices. S ou rce s w ith th ese fre qu en cy a nd p ulse cha racte ristics w ou ld m ake m oree ffe ctive w ea po ns a ga in st u nsh ie lde d ele ctron ic ta r e ts w hose se nsitivi to th ese ra dia tion s is m uch .greater than that of the human bod . b1b1 and it is possib le that the HPM-related medicalstu dies are be in g co nd ucted to e stab lis h sa fe ty an d sh ielding sta nd ard s fo r th e fu ture h um ano pe rato rs o f th es e syste ms (an d po ssib ly also for rad ar o pe rato rs). T his c ou ld exp la in the C hine sere se arc he r's re lu cta nc e to s pe cify th e ra dia tio n fre qu en cie s u se d in th eir m ed ic al e xp er im en ts .(U) Active Denial Technology(U ) An R F a ntip erso nn el w ea pon th at d oe s resu lt in pro mp t b io -effects is be in g de velop ed in th eU nite d S ta te s. T his no n-letha l "cro wd co ntrol" w ea po n is called the A ctiv e D enial S ystem (ADS ).U nclassified d etails o f this te ch nolog y are re ad ily ava ila ble on th e Intern et? an d in the op en p res s.dUnlik e th e s ou rc es u se d in th e C hin es e med ic al e xp erim en ts w ho se ra dia tio n re ad ily p en etra te sde ep ly in to an im al tissu es, A DS u ses 9 5 GH z (loca tion o f a n a tm osp heric tra nsm issio n w ind ow )ra dia tio n th at o nly p en etra te s a bo ut 1/64 inch b en ea th the skin su rface (w here m ost ne rve e nd in gsare lo ca te d). T he skin su rface is hea ted (13 00 F after 2 sec exp os ure ) b ut n ot sufficien tly to cau seb urn s. B ec au se th e in cre as e in s kin temp era tu re is v ery ra pid , h owev er . th e (p sy ch op hy sic al)sensation is one of intense pain (like being hit by a blow torch) and the body responds reflexively byimm ed iate ly attem ptin g to e xit th e b eam (the rad ia tion is de live red in b rie f fe w seco nd pulses topre ven t injury to an yon e ph ysic ally un ab le to exit th e b eam). B ecau se th e fre qu en cy is h ig h, theradiation can be confined to a narrow beam so individuals or sm all groups can be targeted atm ilita rily s ig nific an t d is ta nc es . T he flu x o f ra dia tio n r eq uire d to e lic it th e p ain s en sa tio n is a ls o q uitelow so the ADS source and antenna are sm all enough to be m ounted on a sm all m obile vehicle like aHMMWV . T he A DS is intended 10 b e u se d to p re ve nt in tru sio n o f c iv ilia ns in to s en sitiv e a re as (a re ad en ial) a nd to d eter po ten tially h ostile forc es fro m com ing w ith in sm all arm s-ran ge of ADS p ro te ctedfa cilities . T he re is no inform atio n su gg esting tha t th e C hine se a re p urs uin g a sim ila r an tipe rson ne l R F

1 3 4


4/8

b1

..iCRFlu.leFeRNII~weapon s ys tem .

(U ) T he C hinese "E lectrom agnetic B om b"

[ b1(U ) E xplosively P ow ered R adiofreq uency R adiation S ourcesJ Ii'Iln W este rn m ilitary scien ce , th e te rm "E le ctro ma gn etic B om b" (o r E -B om b) u su ally m ea ns ane xp lo siv ely p ower ed , mag ne tic -flu x c omp re ss io n g en era to r d riv in g s ome ty pe o f m ic ro wa ve s ou rc ea ttach ed to a n RF an te nn . S om e C hin es e us es o f the te rm are c on sisten t w ith this c on ve ntio na ldefinition. b1 Jb1 S om e designs are com pact enough to fit in c on vent io na l a rt il le ry p ro je ct il es , wh ileo ers req uire m issile or bom b platform s of various siz es, but a ll are of lim ited range. T he m ostadvanced program is probably that of G erm any. In their estim ate, the G erm an program is not likely tore su lt in a fielde d sy stem be fore 2011. I t is w id el y a ck now le dged t ha t ( co nv en tio na l) e xp lo si ve lyp owere d RF ra dia tio n s ou rc es w ith m ilita rily s ig nific an t a pp lic atio ns a re a d iffic ult te ch no lo gic al h urd le(d esp ite s om e o ve rly h yp ed In terne t a rticles o n E -b om bs to the con tra ry), a nd it is v ery u nlik ely tha tC hina co uld h av e a lre ady o ve rco me th es e h urdles .(U ) C arbon or G raphite-F iber Bom b(U ) D uring th e re ce nt co nflict w ith Y ugo slav ia (ov er K os ov o) th ere w ere p re ss rep orts o f the U nitedS ta te s u sing b om bs tha t d is pe rse d c on du ctive carbo n (g rap hite ) fib ers o ve r w ide are as ca us in g sh ortc irc uits tha t bro ugh t do wn th e p ow er grid s in re gio ns o f Y ug os la via . S om e C hin ese so urce s, re actin gto th es e re po rts , h av e u se d th e te rm th at tra ns la te s a s " Ele ctr omag ne tic Bomb" f or t he se dev ic es .O th er C hin es e sou rce s" cla im th at the PLA has their ow n version of the graphite bom b and evend is cu ss its p ote ntia l u se d urin g a c on flic t w ith T aiw an .

'----;--;-;---;;:,---;-c;--;----:-::-:-----=-----;:----------;:---;-;----:----__j\ It w as assessed that such a w arheadc ou ld b e fie ld ed w ith in 5years of a successful t es t.(U) H igh A ltitude N uclear E lectrom agnetic P ulse(U ) O th er C hin ese w rite rs h ave u se d the te rm th at tra ns la tes a s "E le ctro ma gn etic B om b" to de sc rib e

b1

Page 4

1 3 5


5/8

(U ) T he C ong re ssion al rep ort d is cou nts th e p ote ntial fo r EMP b io -e ffe cts. Its au tho rs, h ow ev er, w erecon ce rn ed p rim arily w ith e xtre me ly h ig h a ltitu de bu rsts (high e no ugh th at a sin gle b urs t a bo veK ansas w ould cause electronics dam age on both coasts and all points in betw een). F or bursts ats uc h e xtr eme a lt it ud es (#400 km ?) the g amma ra ys w ou ld h ave s pre ad s ig nifica ntly b efo re c om in g incontact with the atm osp he re (a t # 40 km altitud e) a nd th e re su ltin g EMP w ou ld cov er an extre me lyla rge are a w ith re du ce d in te nsity ra dia tion (p ro ba bly n o m ore th an 5 to 10 kV/m).(U) Taiwan Scenario~For use against Taiwan, China could detonate at a much lower altitude (30 to 40 km,a cco rding to some re cen t spe cu la tio ns) to c on fin e th e EMP e ffects to T aiw an a nd its imm ed ia tevicin ity and m inim ize dam a e to electronics on the m ainland. T he result w ould be a m ore intenseEMP in a localized area.I ,----; :-:-~:----=b:.. .. :1 ::___--:_:_:_____:_::___:_-_.,_____:__:_:_::__::__-----__:_-JI b1 I A c ritic al is su e th en wou ld be th e da ng er thre sh old for huma n exp osure sin cehuman casualties (e ither T aiwan or U.S . mili w i' . .nuclear res on e

5iCRFTIIN9rzQRf4flr!ftR"a n uclea r e xplos io n d eto nate d a t h ig h altitud e tha t is e mp lo ye d fo r its electro ma gn etic pu ls e (H EMP)effec ts o n electro nic e quipm en t. T he HEMP e ffect w as disco vere d in 1 96 2 w he n th e U nite d S ta te scon ducte d a h ig h-a ltitu de nu clea r tes t (c od en am ed "S TARF IS H PRIM E") o ve r th e P ac ific th ata ffe cte d e le ctro nic s a nd ra dio tra nsmis sio ns o n Hawaii (o ve r 1200 k il ome te rs away) .(U ) EMP rad ia tio n is ca us ed by the cu rre nts cre ate d w he n gamma ra ys (re su ltin g fro m a nu cle arexp lo sion ) ion iz e the a tom s a nd m olecu le s of th e a tm osp he re w ith w hich the y in te ra ct. A lla tm osp heric b urs ts cre ate some EMP , b ut the m ost sign ific an t is th at cre ate d by h ig h-a ltitu de bu rsts(#3 0 km ). T he E MP resulting from near surface bursts (#5 km ) does not penetrate beyond the blastda ma ge rad iu s, so it is no t n orm ally th e su bjec t of stu dy . F or in te rm ed ia te he ig hts (1 0 km #h #25 km ),th e re su ltin g fireb all is so clo se to be in g sph erica lly sy mm etrica l (be ca use it is co nfine d e ntirely to th ea tmos ph ere ) th at th e c urre nt d is tr ib utio n la ck s a sign ifican t dipo le m om ent an d EMP rad ia tio n isth ere by g re atly re du ce d. O nly th e h ig h-a ltitu de b urs ts (w he re th e re su ltin g c urre nt d is trib utio n isn on symmetrica l d ue to th e e xp on entia l de cre as e in a tm osph eric d ensity w ith h eigh t) re su lt in a stro ngEMP s ig na l th at c an e xte nd fo r th ou sa nd s o f k ilome te rs (s ee (U) Wo rld wid e: N uc le ar E le ctroma gn eticPu lse Pr ime r) .(U ) In 2001, the U .S . C ongress commissioned a study of the U .S . vulnerability to an H EM P attack. In2004, a th rea t as ses sm ent a nd a fin al c omm iss io n re po rt w ere re le ase d. Q uotin g fro m th e th re atassessment:

(U ) "T he threat of an attack against the U nited S tates involv ing E MP is hard to assess, butsom e o bservers in dica te th at it is g ro wing a lo ng w ith w orldw id e acc ess to n ew er tech nolog ie san d th e p ro life ra tio n of nu clea r w ea pon s. In the p ast, the th re at of m utu ally a ssu re dd es tru ctio n p ro vid ed a la stin g d ete rr en t a ga in st th e e xc ha ng e o f multip le h ig h-y ie ld n uc le arw arh ea ds . H owev er, n ow a s in gle , s pe cia lly -d es ig ne d lo w- yie ld n uc le ar e xp lo sio n h ig h a bo veth e U nited S tate s, o r o ver a b attle fie ld , ca n p ro du ce an EMP effe ct th at res ults in a w ide sp rea dlo ss of e le ctro nics, b ut no direc t fata lities, an d m ay no t n ece ss arily ev ok e a la rge n uc le arr et al ia to ry s tr ik e b y t he U .S . m ili ta ry ."

b1

.,liCRETUN8P'ORNhiWR' Page 5

136


6/8


7/8

Regraded UNCLASSIFIED on13 September 20mby USAINSCOM FOIiP A

Auth para 4-102~ DOD 5200-1R

8e8RETKUefeftt~lfMftclose range of a well-protected victim before revealing his intentions. Since the club had to be small(for purposes of concealment) the blows had to be delivered to particularly sensit ive points on thebody in order for the attack to be lethal. Thus the weapon was normally employed by practitioners ofthe martial arts whose knowledge of anatomy included the locations of particularly sensitive nervecenters. The term "Trump Card" weapon has the obvious connotation associated with card games.

b. (U) http://www.who.intlpeh-emf/meetings/archive/en/bangkok04_proceedings.pdf.c. (U) Vehicle-Mounted Active Denial System (V-MADS)http://www.globalsecurity.org/militarylsystems/ground/v-mads.htm.

d. (U) Sci-Fi Weapons Going to War," Los Angeles Times, 8 Dec 2002, article by William M. Arkin, also(U) "Pentagon Looks to Directed-Energy Weapons," Newport News Daily Press, 2 Aug 2004, articleby Michael P. Regan.

e. (U) "Zhang Wannian Says There Will Be War in Taiwan Strait in 5 Years,"19 Nov 2000, Hong KongTung Fang Jih Pao (FBIS Document 10: CPP 200011200000091).

f. (U) "Demystifying SHASHOUJIAN: China's 'Assassin's Mace' Concept," Copyright 2003, The MITRECorporation, www.mitre.org/employment/employeespotlight/jasonbruzdzinski.html.

: : : : b : 2 : : : : : : : : : : : : J - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . - - - ' ~ ~ - - ' _ ~ _ , ~ ~ _ ~ _ . , ~ _ ~ _ _ . . , _ _ . . . . . n ~ _ .Information Cutoff Date: 2005-06-20External Coordination:DINAFMICDerived From: Multiple SourcesDeclassify on: Source marked X1; date of source, 20040912Author(s)

b6Contributing Author(s)b6

Page 7

138
http://www.who.intlpeh-emf/meetings/archive/en/bangkok04_proceedings.pdf.http://www.globalsecurity.org/militarylsystems/ground/v-mads.htm.http://www.mitre.org/employment/employeespotlight/jasonbruzdzinski.html.http://www.mitre.org/employment/employeespotlight/jasonbruzdzinski.html.http://www.globalsecurity.org/militarylsystems/ground/v-mads.htm.http://www.who.intlpeh-emf/meetings/archive/en/bangkok04_proceedings.pdf.


8/8

NGIC Contact

I b2

Regraded UNCLASSIFIED on13 September 10m

by USAINSCOM FOIIP AAuth para 4-102, DOD 5200-1R

SESREli"UerSFmHMR

PageS

139

Documents

China - Medical Research on Bio-Effects of Electromagnetic Pulse and High-Pwer Microwave Radiation