China

• Geography• Economics• Politics

– Slide 1– Slide 2– Slide 3

•Religion-Slide 1-Slide 2

•Society & Culture-Slide 1-Slide 2

•Science & Technology

-Slide 1-Slide 2

Theme: GeographyI. Settled by the Huang He (Yellow River) &

Chang Jiang (Yangzi River)A. Flooded, provided siltB. Fertile soil, irrigation for farming C. Stable food supply (surplus)D. Provided for division of labor and

civilization

II. Provided Natural Barriers (protection & isolation)

A. Gobi Desert (north)

B. Himalayas Mountains (west)

C. Plateau of Tibet (west)

D. Pacific Ocean (east)

Like Mesopotamia, Egypt, & India

2R

Theme: Economics

I. Silk Road – most famous trade routeA. 4,000 mile long network of routes B. Ended at the Mediterranean SeaC. Traveled in groups for protection

D. Weather presented dangers E. Traded with Rome for silver, gold, precious stones, and horses. F. Silk made China wealthy

1. Could be woven into beautiful fabric

3R

Theme: PoliticsI. Xia Dynasty

A. 2200 B.C.

II. Shang Dynasty

A. 1500’s B.C.

III. Zhou Dynasty

A. 1100’s B.C.

B. Warring States Period

1. No strong government

2. struggles for power, disorder

C. Ideas to help end Warring States Period emerged

1. Confucius – taught morals

2. Laozi – taught Daoism

3. Legalism

4R

Theme: PoliticsIV. Qin Dynasty

A. Qin Shi Huang Di – leader, 221 B.C.B. followed Legalism philosophy

1. belief that people were bad by nature & needed to be controlled

2. strong government 3. strict laws4. harsh punishments

C. unified China – standard laws, writing, money, & weights D. built network of roads & canalsE. built irrigation system to increase farmingF. built the Great Wall to protect China from invadersG. country fell into civil war after his death in 210 B.C.

4R

Theme: PoliticsV. Han Dynasty – lasted 400 years

A. Liu Bang first emperor1. peasant2. no harsh government policies3. lower taxes

B. Emperor Wudi – 140BC

1. Confucianism – official government

2. Began University to teach Confucian ideas

4R

Theme: ReligionI. Confucianism

A. Confucius, 551-479 B.C.B. Ethics (do the right thing)C. Moral values (act decently)D. respectful & loyal to familyE. kings should lead by example & show subjects good behavior

II. DaoismA. Laozi – most famous leaderB. stressed living in harmony with natureC. Universe is a balance of opposites that should be in harmony

5R

Theme: Religion

III. BuddhismA. Spread from India along the Silk RoadB. Offered rebirth and relief from sufferingC. AD 200 Buddhist altars stood in emperor’s palaceD. Buddhist texts translated into ChineseE. Buddha carved into mountain wallsF. Many Chinese became Buddhist monks and nuns

5R

Theme: Society & Culture

I. Shang DynastyA. Social Order 1.nobles

2. artisans 3. farmers4. slaves

II. Zhou DynastyA. Social Order 1.King – leaders had power from heaven

2. Lords & Warriors 3. Peasants

6R

Theme: Society & Culture

III. Han Dynasty – Confucian SystemA. Social Order – 4 classes

1. Upper Class: emperor, his court, scholars in gov. positions

2. Second Class: largest, peasants (most are poor)3. Artisans: made daily life items and luxury goods4. Merchants: lowest (some wealthy and powerful)

Note: military not a part of class system, but a part of governmentIV. Confucian Teachings about Family

A. Respect eldersB. Disobeying parents = crimeC. Father head of familyD. Woman’s duty to obey husbandE. Children obey fatherF. Honoring one’s family = most important

6R

Theme: Science & Technology

I. Shang DynastyA. China’s first writing system

1. Over 2,000 symbols2. oracle bones

B. Bronze containersC. jade axes, knives, ornamentsD. Military chariots, bows, armorE. Calendar based on moon cycles

7R

Theme: Science & Technology

II. Han DynastyA. Expert figure paintersB. Poetry: Fu style & Shi styleC. Paper – made by grinding plant fibers into a pasteD. SundailE. Seismograph F. AcupunctureG. Master Ironworkers

1. swords & armor2. iron plow3. wheelbarrow4. single wheeled cart

H. Silk1. Only Chinese women knew the

procedure 2. Revealing procedure was punishable

by death

7R