Upload
pierce-hampton
View
217
Download
1
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
ChinaBy Jill Schnall and Emily Mason
Important Concepts
•Mass Line – line of communication between party leaders, members, and peasants▫Involves everyone teaching and listening to
each other•“Four Modernizations”
▫Industry, agriculture, science, military
Isolationistic Tendencies
•Mountain ranges, deserts, oceans separate China from other countries
•Han Chinese culture dates to ancient times
A Brief History
•Government based on:▫Authoritarian power▫Confucianism▫Bureaucratic hierarchy based on
scholarship▫The “Middle Kingdom”▫Communist ideologies
Historical Eras1. Dynastic Rule
▫ Scholarship establishes superiority▫ Strong sense of cultural identity
(ethnocentrism)2. Resistance to Imperialism
▫ Cultural identity nationalism▫ Resisted attempts by England, France,
Germany, Japan3. Maoism
▫ Believed in the strength of the peasant▫ Collectivism, Struggle and activism, Mass
line, Egalitarianism, Self-reliance4. Deng Xiaoping Theory
Government Today
• Chinese Communist Party – heart of political system
• People’s National Congress• People select representatives to
Congress in local elections• Local representatives select next level
of Congress and so on• Choose president and vice president
Government Today• President and Vice President• 5 year terms, 2 term limit• At least 45 years old
• Premier – head of government, appointed by the president
President Hu Jintao
Vice President Xi Jinping
Government Today
• Judiciary• “People’s Court” system –
organized hierarchically• Rule of law – laws bind behavior
and all are equally subject to them
One Child Policy• Established by Deng Xiaoping in 1979
• Supposed to be a “temporary measure”
• Main purpose is to control population growth
• Birthrates were 4 children per family
• Lack of resources
• Limits families to one child
• Exceptions – rural families,
Ethnic minorities, parents without
Any siblings
Pros
•Control population growth•Improved life expectancy•More women working because less
household duties•Social welfare benefits•http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w1w1Q
h02-z8
Cons
•Abortion, neglect, abandonment, infanticide
•Fines, forced abortions, sterilizations•114 males:100 females ages 0-4•Large population of elderly dependent on children•Lonely children
One Child Policy Today•Gradually relaxing rules•“2-child policy”•Aging population•Costs of raising multiple children will
prevent couples from having multiple children
Two Child Policy
•City of Yicheng chosen for secret experiment
•Allowed couples to have more than one child
•Population actually grew slower than national population
•http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s9kdQLQYT5w
Tibet (Summary)
•China has claimed Tibet as part of its country for thousands of years
•Tibetans are a different ethnicity than most Chinese, which are Han
http://youtu.be/cc7zjkHKMbY
Should Tibet be its own country,or a part of China? Is there a compromise?