China

Chapter 7, Section 3

ConfucianismConfucianism

Confucian Ideas – p.177Confucian Ideas – p.177

Teachings focused on ethics or proper Teachings focused on ethics or proper behavior for individuals & governmentsbehavior for individuals & governments

People should follow 2 basic principles-People should follow 2 basic principles-

RenRen-concern for others-concern for others

LiLi-appropriate behavior-appropriate behavior

Society would work best if everyone Society would work best if everyone followed ren and lifollowed ren and li

Confucian Ideas – p. 177Confucian Ideas – p. 177

Everyone had a proper role in societyEveryone had a proper role in society

Order was maintained if everyone knew Order was maintained if everyone knew their roles and behaved appropriatelytheir roles and behaved appropriately

Ex. – young people should obey their Ex. – young people should obey their elderselders

Ex. – subjects should obey their rulersEx. – subjects should obey their rulers

The Influence of Confucianism – The Influence of Confucianism – p.177p.177

At first, his ideas not widely followed after At first, his ideas not widely followed after his deathhis death

Han Dyn.-comes into favorHan Dyn.-comes into favor

Becomes the official state philosophyBecomes the official state philosophy

The Influence of Confucianism – The Influence of Confucianism – p. 177p. 177

Period of Disunion-overshadowed by Period of Disunion-overshadowed by BuddhismBuddhism

Sui & early Tang-Buddhism very Sui & early Tang-Buddhism very influential-promising escape from sufferinginfluential-promising escape from suffering

Confucianism, which stressed ethics, lost Confucianism, which stressed ethics, lost some influence, but still important some influence, but still important

Neo-Confucianism – p. 178Neo-Confucianism – p. 178

Late in Tang Dyn.-renewed interest in Late in Tang Dyn.-renewed interest in ConfucianismConfucianism

because scholars wanted to improve govt. because scholars wanted to improve govt. & society& society

Neo-Confucianism develops during & after Neo-Confucianism develops during & after the Song Dynastythe Song Dynasty

Neo means newNeo means new

Neo-Confucianism – p. 178Neo-Confucianism – p. 178

Neo-Confucianism-similar to old Neo-Confucianism-similar to old philosophy because it taught proper philosophy because it taught proper behaviorbehaviorIt also emphasized spiritual matters (new It also emphasized spiritual matters (new part)part)Much more influential under Song and Much more influential under Song and even more latereven more laterIdeas became official govt. teachings after Ideas became official govt. teachings after Song Song

Confucius QuotesConfucius Quotes

A superior man is modest in his speech, A superior man is modest in his speech, but exceeds in his actions. but exceeds in his actions. Choose a job you love, and you will never Choose a job you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life. have to work a day in your life. Our greatest glory is not in never falling, Our greatest glory is not in never falling, but in rising every time we fall. but in rising every time we fall. Success depends upon previous Success depends upon previous preparation, and without such preparation preparation, and without such preparation there is sure to be failure. there is sure to be failure.

Scholar-OfficialsScholar-Officials

Scholar Officials – pp. 178-179Scholar Officials – pp. 178-179

Song Dyn. improved system by which people Song Dyn. improved system by which people worked for the govt.worked for the govt.

Workers formed a Workers formed a bureaucracybureaucracy-body of -body of unelected govt. officialsunelected govt. officials

Civil ServiceCivil Service-means service as a govt. official-means service as a govt. official

People had to pass written exams to become People had to pass written exams to become govt. officialsgovt. officials

Students were tested on Confucianism & related Students were tested on Confucianism & related ideasideas

Scholar-Officials – pp. 178-179Scholar-Officials – pp. 178-179

Tests very difficult-took years of studyTests very difficult-took years of study

Passing meant life as a Passing meant life as a scholar-official-scholar-official-an educated member of the govt.an educated member of the govt.

Scholar-officials were highly respected Scholar-officials were highly respected members of society with many privilegesmembers of society with many privileges

This system ensured that talented people This system ensured that talented people became govt. officialsbecame govt. officials