Chigi Chapel in the Church of Santta Maria del Popolo in Rome. The chapel and its decorations were designed by Raphael.

The Art of the Renaissance

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World History, Unit:05 Lesson: 01

What do you see?

What do you think is going on?

What does it make you wonder?

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What do you see?

What do you think is going on?

What does it make you wonder?

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Giovanni Agostino da LodiAdoration of the Shepherds 1510Jacopa di Cione

Madonna and Child in Glory 1360/65

•Which of these paintings looks the more realistic to you? •Identify specific details.

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The general characteristics of Medieval art:

•Religious subject matter

•Important figures are shown as

larger than others around them

•Figures look stiff with little sense

of movement

•Fully clothed

•Faces were serious and

showed little emotion.

•Flat and two-dimensional

•Backgrounds were one color.©2012, TESCCC

The general characteristics of Renaissance art:

•Subject matter was varied, not always religious.

•The human body was studied

in order to paint figures more

realistically.

•Shading used to make

objects look round and real.

•Perspective used to make

paintings look three-dimensional.

•Shadows and light were used to

draw the viewer’s eye to a

particular point in the painting.©2012, TESCCC

vanishing point

linear perspective

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Perspective is the technique used to create an illusion of space and depth on a flat surface (a piece of paper or canvas) so that it looks realistic. The vanishing point is a place in the distance where the train tracks appear to come together. Using linear perspective objects are painted smaller to appear farther away.

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Examine this painting.

Identify:•Vanishing point•Linear perspective•How the artist shows that the building is well behind the wedding party.

The Marriage of the Virgin. By Raphael

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The Three Most Gifted Artists of the Renaissance

Leonardo da VinciSelf Portrait

red chalk on paper

MichelangeloPortrait by

Jacopino del Conte

Raphael Self Portrait

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Leonardo da Vinci was Renaissance man interested in many different things. He was a:•Painter - his two most famous paintings are the Mona Lisa and the Last Supper. Only a few of his paintings survived.•Scientist – he was master of anatomy. He dissected human corpses to study human anatomy.•Engineer - in his notebooks he demonstrated his technological originality. He drew a helicopter, a tank, a calculator, and a hang glider. Some have been demonstrated to work through the construction of models.

The Vitruvian Man (c. 1485) Accademis, Venice©2012, TESCCC

The Mona Lisa is the most famous painting in the world. It was painted by Leonard da Vinci between 1503 and 1506.This young woman in the painting was the wife of a Florence merchant. Her clothing was the style of the period. Behind her is a mountainous landscape.

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The Last Supper was a fresco painted for the refectory (dining room) of the Convent of Santa Maria della Grazie in Milan. A fresco is painted directly onto a wall. Leonardo used a new technique for his fresco that was not successful. Over the years it molded and flaked. Despite the problems with the original, this is the most frequently reproduced work of art in the world.

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Michelangelo was a Renaissance man. His work included:•Sculpture – His earliest works were sculptures. Among his most famous was an 17 foot marble statue of David preparing for his battle with Goliath.•Paintings – His most famous painting is a fresco which covers the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in the Vatican. It was painted directly onto wet plaster so that the painting became part of the wall. The fresco on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel was commissioned by Pope Julius II. •Architecture – Pope Paul III hired Michelangelo to oversee the completion of the building of St. Peter’s Basilica. He combined two earlier plans with his own to design the building as it lookstoday. •Poetry – His early poetry was of courtly love. In later life his poetry centered on religious themes.

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•Name it

•Explain it

•Give reasons for your name and explanation

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Moses was carved from marble by Michelangelo. It is part of the decoration for the tomb of Pope Julius II.

This representation of Moses with horns on his head was based on a description of Moses found in the Vulgate, a Latin translation of the Bible that was in use during the Renaissance.

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It is:

131 feet long. Compare that to the length of a football field.

46 feet wide. Compare that to the width of a basketball court.

65 feet from the floor.

Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel

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The design of the Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel depicts nine scenes from the book of Genesis in the Bible.

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This is the most well known of the fresco panels. It is from the section which is called The Creation of Adam. It shows God reaching out to Adam. ©2012, TESCCC

Raphael was a Renaissance man. His work included:

Painting – He was primarily a painter. Pope Julius II called Raphael to Rome in 1508 and hired him to complete the fresco decoration of a number of rooms in the Vatican. The best known of these works is The School of Athens, which honors the classical philosophers. Raphael is most famous for the Madonnas that he painted throughout his life. His earliest Madonnas are very sweet. The later works show a more polished look.

Architect – He helped to redesign St. Peter’s Basilica after the original architect was dismissed.

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Alba Madonna

Madonna and Child Enthroned with Saints

Raphael’s MadonnasCompare the Madonnas. How are they similar? How are they different? How does the artist use perspective?

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Madonna and Child Enthroned with Saints

The Madonna with the Blue Diadem

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Madonna of Foligno

Small Cowper Madonna ©2012, TESCCC

In 1510, Raphael was commissioned by Pope Julius II to paint the Pope’s personal library. There were four frescoes based on the themes of philosophy, law, poetry, and theology. The most recognized was The School of Athens, which represented Philosophy. Many well-known people were incorporated in the painting, including Michelangelo. In the center was Plato and Aristotle, Athena was on the right, Michelangelo, the crouching figure in the front.

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Describe the use of perspective in this painting.©2012, TESCCC

St. Peter’s Basilica is an outstanding example of Renaissance architecture.

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The original St. Peter’s Basilica was torn down. Pope Julius II invited artists and architects to submit their plan for a new building.

The design by Italian architect Donato Bramante was chosen. The building begun in 1506 was to be a Greek cross with a large circular room in the center.

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When Pope Julius died in 1513, the original architect Donato Bramante was replaced by Raphael.

The major change in Raphael's plan was the addition of chapels which substantially changed the shape of the building.

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In 1547, Pope Paul III hired Michelangelo to oversee the completion of the building. It had been under construction for more than 40 years when Michelangelo took over. He combined elements of both the previous designs and created the plan for St. Peter’s Basilica which is the church seen today.

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Throne of St. Peter designed by Bernini at the west end of the basilica.©2012, TESCCC

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•How were paintings of the Renaissance different from paintings of the Middle Ages?

•Who were the three greatest Renaissance artists?

•Identify a work of art produced by each one.

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