CHEOPS���stato, problemi,

opportunit�����

Isabella Pagano ���on behalf of���

the CHEOPS Italian Team

ESA’s first small mission

ESA’s first small mission

LVII Congresso SAIt ���Bologna, 7-10 maggio 2013

call issued! March 3, 2012!proposal due! June 15, 2012!

mission selection! October 19, 2012!mission adoption! Feb 2014!

launch ! 2017!

ESA small missions requirements!•  Science!

‣  top rated science in any area of space science!•  Cost!

‣  total cost < 150 M€!‣  cost to ESA: not to exceed 50 M€!

•  Schedule!‣  developed and launched within 4 years (end of 2017)!

Mission summary!Name! CHEOPS !

(CHaracterizing ExOPlanet Satellite)!Primary

science goal!Measure the radius of planets transiting bright stars to 10% accuracy!

Targets! Known exoplanet host stars with a V-magnitude < 12.5 anywhere on the sky!

Wavelength! Visible range : 400 to 1100 nm !

Telescope! 707 cm2 effective aperture reflective on-axis telescope (30 cm ∅)!

Orbit! LEO sun-synchronous, LTAN 6am, 620-800 km !

Lifetime! 3.5 years!

Type! S-class!

appa

rent

mag

nitu

de o

f sta

r

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

14.0

16.0

1.0 10.0 5.0

Radius planet (REarth)

appa

rent

mag

nitu

de o

f sta

r

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

14.0

16.0

1.0 10.0 5.0

Radius planet (REarth)

mass measured by radial velocities���

Targets: Bright stars

NGTS ���

Kepler planets

CHEOPS

~150-200 CHEOPS targets

~50 CHEOPS targets

CHEOPS SCIENCE OBJECTIVES!

Science objectives!1. Mass-radius relation for planets below the mass of Saturn!

Howard, 2013, Science 340, 572

Size & mass distributions of planets orbiting G- and K-type stars. corrected for survey incompleteness for small/low-mass planets

CHEOPS provides direct insights into the structure (e.g. presence of a gaseous envelope) and/or composition of the planet.

CHEOPS will improve both the sample size as well as the precision of the measurements.

Juicy targets

for JWST and

EChO!���

2.  New targets for future characterization facilities with spectroscopic capabilities!

Science objectives!

Identification of planets with atmospheres in the 1–10 MEarth regime

RV planets���known mass

Transiting��� planets���

known size

Science objectives!

gas fraction

M

R

3.  Constraints on planet migration paths

different histories

Colours code different fraction of icy planetesimals in the planetary cores.

Different migration pattern can be inferred by density measurements.

For planets in the super-Earth to Neptune mass range, the difference in ice content between the two models translates into a difference of ~30% in mean radius.

a single planet is allowed to grow in a disc

10 planets are allowed to grow simultaneously

Science objectives!4.  Energy transport in hot Jupiter atmospheres

Optical phase curve of a V=10.5 mag star by Kepler

Boru

cki e

t al

. (20

09)

Combination of the light reflected by the atmosphere of the planet as well as the thermal emission of the atmosphere.

HAT-P-7b

CHEOPS SCIENCE REQUIREMENTS!

High-level Sci Req.: Photometric accuracy for transit detection!

Targets from RV campaigns

High-level Sci Req.: Photometric accuracy for transit characterization!

Targets from ground based transits search e.g., NGTS

CHEOPS Sky visibility!Total observation time over 1 year [hours]

Orbits with more than 50% interruption (less than 50 min of possible observations), due to Earth and Earth stray light constraints, have been discarded.

700 Km altitude orbit The circles are known radial velocity targets, the diamonds are simulated NGTS targets.

CHEOPS ORGANIZATION!

Country! Institutes! Contacts!

CH!University of Bern (project lead)!University of Geneva!Swiss Space Center (EPFL)!ETH-Z!

Willy Benz, Nicolas Thomas!Didier Queloz!Anton Ivanov!Michael Meyer!

Austria! Institut für Weltraumforschung, Graz! Wolfgang Baumjohann!

Belgium! Centre Spatial de Liège!Université de Liège!

Etienne Renotte!Michaël Gillon!

France! Laboratoire d’astrophysique de Marseille! Magali Deleuil!

Germany! DLR Institute for Planetary Research!DLR Institute for Optical Sensor Systems! Tilman Spohn!

Hungary! Konkoly Observatory! Laszlo Kiss!

Italy!Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania – INAF!Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova - INAF!Università di Padova!

Isabella Pagano!Roberto Ragazzoni!Giampaolo Piotto!

Portugal! Centro de Astrofisica da Universidade do Porto!Deimos Engenharia!

Nuno C. Santos!Antonio Gutiérrez!

Sweden! Onsala Space Observatory, Chalmers University!University of Stockholm!

R. Liseau!G. Olofsson!

UK! University of Warwick! Don Pollaco! Payload Ground segment

CHEOPS Organization!CHEOPS Consortium

CHEOPS Project

ESA

Payload

Joint Project Office

CMC BoardProject OfficeCH

Science OperationsMission OperationsSpacecraft Architect

MOC Platform PrimeAIT

RUAG / TBD

Project OfficeESA

Launch Services

Launch campaign Instrument Lead

Science Ops & Data Centre

Data CentreOperations

Operations Planning

Instrument Handling

Data Processing

Data Archive

Science Team

Instrument Support

Science Preparation

Subsystems

Joint Management TeamESA/CH

decisions excluding payload & science

CC Coordination Team

CHEOPS Project Structure v2.20

Science Study Team

Project ScientistESA

Platform!•  Attitude Control!

‣  3-axis stabilized S/C - one side facing Earth!‣  pointing accuracy < 8 arc sec rms for 10h!

•  Instrument Power!‣  50 W continuous power, !‣  70 W peak!

•  Data rate!‣  1 Gbit/day downlink!

•  Total mass with payload!‣  200 kg!

Payload - CIS!

outer baffle!

secondary !mirror!

primary !mirror!

structure!(carbon fiber)! baffle tower!

focal plane assembly!

beam!shaper!

radiators!

Milestones for the Cheops Payload!

CHEOPS-IT Contributions!

•  Science!•  Telescope (from optical design to AIV)!•  Start Trackers (tbc)!•  ASDC!•  Malindi (tbc)!

CHEOPS in Italy!q  5 INAF structures !

q  OACT (S, P)!

q  OAPD (S, P)!

q  OAPA (S)!

q  OAT (S)!

q  FGG (S)!

q  Dip. Fis. e Astron. UNIPD (S)!

q  ASI!

q  ASDC (GS)!

q  Malindi (GS)!

!

!

Work Breakdown Structure

CHEOPS-IT���I. Pagano���

INAF-OACT

WP 1000���Project Office ���

I. Pagano���INAF-OACT

WP 1100���Project Management ���

I. Pagano���INAF-OACT

WP 2000���Science Preparation���

G. Piotto ���UNIPD

WP 2100���Science Management���

G. Piotto���UNIPD

WP 2200���Target Characterization���

TBD (AR) ��� UNIPD

WP 2300���Observing Strategy Optim. ���

TBD (AR) ���INAF-OAPD

WP 2400���Target Selection���

I. Pagano���INAF.-OACT

WP 2500���Synergies���

Stellar Activity���TBD (TD) ���

INAF-OACT

WP 3000���Telescope���

R. Ragazzoni ���INAF-OAPD

WP 3100���Project Management ���

I. Pagano���INAF-OACT

WP 3200���System Engin.

S. Scuderi ���INAF-OACT

WP 3300���OD & Tolerances���

D. Magrin���INAF-OAPD

WP 3400���Straylight Analysis

M. Munari ���INAF-OACT

WP 3500���Interfaces���J. Farinato���

INAF-OAPD

WP 3600���GSE & AIV

TBD (TD) ���INAF-OAPD

F/5 Ritchey-Chretien Telescope (0.3 central obstruction) + collimator-camera re-imaging system

Optical Design

Polychromatic defocused PSF with 30 pixel diameter

68 m

m

320

mm

~230 mm

400 mm

Focal Plane Mask

Main design drivers are: •  the compactness of the optical

system •  the capability to reject the

straylight •  the shape of the PSF

Magrin et al…

Optical Design Intermediate

pupil Collimator Camera Telescope

FP FP

S-FPL51 S-FPL51 N-KZFS11 KZFS8 Defocused FP

298 mm

350 mm 300 mm

•  Several options under study: •  Different M1-M2 distances è

•  Axicon •  Holographic diffuser •  Defocused design

Back-End Optics

Diffuser Camera

Intermediate pupil

Collimating beam

CHEOPS-IT TWIKI web page!

PROBLEMI?? !

•  ASI has included CHEOPS in its program at the beginning of 2013 (<3 months after selection), with a budget provision till launch.

•  “Tavolo negoziale” ASI-INAF chiuso ieri (2yr duration).

•  RFI to Industries soon è KOM industrial activity 1st semester 2014.

No Grazie!!!

OPPORTUNITÀ ?? !

•  CHEOPS is another step (a major one) for the Italian exoplanetary community!

•  HARPSN@TNG è GAPS and GTO •  APACHE, TASTE

•  GAIA •  SPHERE@VLT •  ESPRESSO@VLT

•  PLATO •  ECHO

YES!!!

THE END!thanks!

http://www.oact.inaf.it/cheops-it/